CN101247272A - Network management method and apparatus - Google Patents

Network management method and apparatus Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101247272A
CN101247272A CNA2008100856007A CN200810085600A CN101247272A CN 101247272 A CN101247272 A CN 101247272A CN A2008100856007 A CNA2008100856007 A CN A2008100856007A CN 200810085600 A CN200810085600 A CN 200810085600A CN 101247272 A CN101247272 A CN 101247272A
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querying condition
request
request message
management
network management
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CN101247272B (en
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吴高科
肖志彬
吉才颂
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ZTE Corp
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ZTE Corp
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a network management method, which includes: management station of simple network management protocol setting enquiry condition, carrying enquiry condition in desiring message, and transmitting the desiring message to simple network management protocol agent; simple network management protocol agent analyzes received desiring message, acquiring enquiry condition in desiring message; simple network management protocol agent enquiries data of management objects satisfied enquiry condition, storing the enquiry data into management information base; management station of simple network management protocol acquires rogatory management objects data from management information base. The present invention also discloses a network management device. By using the invention, multitudinous data enquiry for enquiry objects are realized through designate complexity condition, and multitudinous data interactive is also avoided.

Description

Network management and device
Technical field
The present invention relates to the communications field, and especially, relate to a kind of network management and device.
Background technology
At present, the network of different manufacturers carries out intercommunication generally needs the NMP of standard to realize.A kind of just present use of Simple Network Management Protocol (SNMP) is the NMP standard widely, this agreement provides the network frame of realizing network management for network management, can develop the SNMP network management software of oneself as long as follow each producer of snmp protocol on this framework.
Usually, SNMP comprises following key element: management station, agency, management information bank (MIB), snmp protocol.
MIB is the set of management information, and use and management message structure (SMI) and ASN.1 are used for describing management information.Management information is based upon under the inforamtion tree of SMI definition, and each management information all is a node of management information tree, and unique object identity (OID) is all arranged.The OID of management information is the path from root node to this management information.Each management information has attributes such as type, title, meaning and authority.For the object that a plurality of information could be described, can use table to describe.
Usually, a typical snmp management model comprises a snmp management station and a SNMP agency.Wherein, the SNMP agency is direct and managed device is mutual, and the agency has directly safeguarded a MIB, and the agency is responsible for collection management information, and with among the management information store M IB.The snmp management station is an interface between network manager and the network management system, and management station is mutual by snmp protocol and SNMP agency, thereby the data object that defines among the operation MIB carries out data interaction with the SNMP agency.
A series of operation is arranged, for mutual between management station and the agency in the snmp protocol.The operation of SNMP comprises get-request, get-next-request, get-bulk-request, response, set-request, trap.Particularly, get-request is used to obtain the worth request message of one group of managed object of appointment; Get-next-request is used to obtain the next one value of the currency of managed object, is used for obtaining continuously the value of managed object; Get-bulk-request is used for the value that big data quantity obtains managed object, generally is used to obtain the value of the managed object of forming with the form of table; Set-request is used to be provided with the value of managed object; Response is the response message of above 4 operations; Trap is used for operation that managed object information is reported.
Wherein, in the operation of above-mentioned SNMP definition, have only get-bulk-request can obtain large batch of data.But the object information that this operation is obtained must and MIB in the object that defines corresponding one by one, and can only obtain the information of the specified quantity of operation own, and can not carry out the operation of condition query, need management station to obtain all information, according to keeper's specific requirement information is handled according to condition again.
But, under many circumstances, under the especially specific service conditions, it is nonsensical obtaining all data, and in the implementation procedure of such scheme, the data volume of the management object that need transmit between management station and agency is huge, will influence communication quality and speed like this.
In sum, in the prior art, do not give chapter and verse as yet and can obtain the excessive technical scheme of data quantity transmitted between data query and solution management station and the agency by querying condition.
Summary of the invention
Consider the problems referred to above and make the present invention, for this reason, main purpose of the present invention is to provide a kind of network management and device, can not obtain the excessive problem of data quantity transmitted between data query and solution management station and the agency by querying condition to solve in the correlation technique.
According to embodiments of the invention, a kind of network management is provided, be used for the simple network management protocol management station and come management object by querying condition is set.
This method comprises: the simple network management protocol management station is provided with querying condition, carries querying condition in request message, and request message is sent to snmp agent; Snmp agent is resolved the request message that receives, and obtains the querying condition in the request message; The data of the management object of querying condition are satisfied in snmp agent inquiry, and with the storage that inquires in management information bank; The simple network management protocol management station obtains the data of the management object of inquiry from management information bank.
Wherein, at request message is under the situation of get-bulk-request, the simple network management protocol management station is provided with querying condition, the processing of carrying querying condition in request message is specially: the value of first indication information of unrepeatable variable number is set to 1 when being used to represent to inquire about in enormous quantities in the Packet Data Unit head among the get-bulk-request, the value that is used for representing second indication information of the maximum iteration time that the variable that carries can repeat to obtain in the Packet Data Unit head among the get-bulk-request is set to 0, and the binding variable among the get-bulk-request is set to comprise the fix querying condition of formula of query object peace treaty.
And snmp agent is resolved the request message that receives, and the operation of obtaining the querying condition in the request message is specially: snmp agent reads first indication information and second indication information in the request message; At first indication information is 1, and second indication information is under 0 the situation, snmp agent further according to a preconcerted arrangement form obtain querying condition in the binding variable; Snmp agent is inquired about according to querying condition of determining and the query object in the binding variable.
In addition, at request message is under the situation of get-request or get-next-request, the simple network management protocol management station is provided with querying condition, the processing of carrying querying condition in request message is specially: the object identity of first binding variable is set to 1 among get-request or the get-next-request, and in the binding variable after first binding variable querying condition is set.
In addition, at request message is get-request, and under the situation of query object for table, the simple network management protocol management station is provided with querying condition, the processing of carrying querying condition in request message is specially: the sign that the object identity of the binding variable of get-request is set to show, and in the binding variable of get-request, querying condition is set.
According to another embodiment of the present invention, provide a kind of network administration apparatus, be used for the simple network management protocol management station and come management object by querying condition is set.
This device comprises: module is set, is positioned at the simple network management protocol management station, be used to be provided with querying condition; The simple network management protocol management station, be used for carrying querying condition at request message, and request message sent to snmp agent, and finish the inquiry back obtains the management object of inquiry from management information bank data at snmp agent; Snmp agent is used to resolve the request message of reception, obtains the querying condition in the request message, and inquiry satisfies the data of the management object of querying condition, and with the storage that inquires in management information bank.
Wherein, at request message is under the situation of get-bulk-request, module is set querying condition is set, simple network management protocol management stands in the processing of carrying querying condition in the request message and is specially: the value of first indication information of unrepeatable variable number is set to 1 when being used to represent to inquire about in enormous quantities in the Packet Data Unit head among the get-bulk-request, the value that is used for representing second indication information of the maximum iteration time that the variable that carries can repeat to obtain in the Packet Data Unit head among the get-bulk-request is set to 0, and the binding variable among the get-bulk-request is set to comprise the fix querying condition of formula of query object peace treaty.
In addition, at request message is under the situation of get-request or get-next-request, be provided with that module is provided with querying condition, simple network management protocol management stands in the processing of carrying querying condition in the request message and is specially: the object identity of first binding variable is set to 1 among get-request or the get-next-request, and in the binding variable after first binding variable querying condition is set.
In addition, at request message is get-request, and under the situation of query object for table, be provided with that module is provided with querying condition, simple network management protocol management stands in the processing of carrying querying condition in the request message and is specially: the sign that the object identity of the binding variable of get-request is set to show, and in the binding variable of get-request, querying condition is set.
By technique scheme of the present invention, a kind of specific implementation method that network management is carried out in the snmp protocol operation of expanding provided by the invention has specified complex conditions that complex object is carried out data query in enormous quantities.Can realize specifying complex conditions to inquire about than being easier to query object.Avoided large-scale data interaction.
Description of drawings
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide further understanding of the present invention, constitutes the application's a part, and illustrative examples of the present invention and explanation thereof are used to explain the present invention, do not constitute improper qualification of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the flow chart according to the network management of the inventive method embodiment;
Fig. 2 is the flow chart according to the detailed process process of the network management of the inventive method embodiment;
Fig. 3 be in the SNMPv2 version the message structure figure of get-bulk-request order;
Fig. 4 is the block diagram according to the network administration apparatus of apparatus of the present invention embodiment.
Embodiment
Method embodiment
In the present embodiment, provide a kind of network management, be used for the snmp management station and come management object by querying condition is set.This method is utilized some operation of snmp protocol operation, and these operations are expanded, and these expansions do not conflict with snmp protocol itself.Use these extended operations to issue the condition that the keeper need issue, the condition that issues is handled by the agency.Be described in detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.
As shown in Figure 1, comprise according to the network management of present embodiment: step S102, the snmp management station is provided with querying condition, carries querying condition in request message, and request message is sent to the SNMP agency; Step S104, the request message that the SNMP proxy resolution receives obtains the querying condition in the request message; Step S106, the SNMP agents query satisfies the data of the management object of querying condition, and with the storage that inquires in management information bank; Step S108, the snmp management station obtains the data of the management object of inquiry from management information bank.
By this method, can make the snmp management station that the complicated query condition is set and come the searching and managing object, and be particularly useful for management complex object.
In addition, this method also needs to carry out between management station and the agency agreement of these conditional formats, otherwise the agency can't resolve these conditions.
With reference to Fig. 2, as follows according to the processing procedure of present embodiment method:
In the 001st step, the SNMP agency receives the request message at snmp management station;
In the 002nd step, the proxy resolution request message if analysis result is the expansion of protocol operation, so just enters three steps of step the, otherwise enters 005 step of step the;
In the 003rd step, the request message that proxy resolution issues obtains the querying condition that issues;
In the 004th step, the agency collects the data that the condition that issues needs according to the querying condition that issues, and data are inserted among the MIB, and what stored among the MIB this moment is the data message of constraint;
The 005th step was not under the situation of protocol extension operation at message, according to snmp stack protocol operation type the request message that issues was being handled, and carried out for the 007th step afterwards;
In the 006th step, the snmp management station issues the data that protocol command obtains management object correspondence in MIB, and these data are exactly the request msg of the condition of issuing;
In the 007th step, finish.
Wherein, at request message is under the situation of get-bulk-request (obtaining solicit operation in batches), the snmp management station is provided with querying condition, the processing of carrying querying condition in request message is specially: the value of first indication information of unrepeatable variable number is set to 1 when being used to represent to inquire about in enormous quantities in the Packet Data Unit head among the get-bulk-request, the value that is used for representing second indication information of the maximum iteration time that the variable that carries can repeat to obtain in the Packet Data Unit head among the get-bulk-request is set to 0, and the binding variable among the get-bulk-request is set to comprise the fix querying condition of formula of query object peace treaty.
And, the request message that the SNMP proxy resolution receives, the operation of obtaining the querying condition in the request message is specially: the SNMP agency reads first indication information and second indication information in the request message; At first indication information is 1, and second indication information is under 0 the situation, and the SNMP agency further obtains the querying condition of the agreement form in the binding variable; The SNMP agency inquires about according to querying condition of determining and the query object in the binding variable.
In addition, at request message is under the situation of get-request or get-next-request, the snmp management station is provided with querying condition, the processing of carrying querying condition in request message is specially: the object identity of first binding variable is set to 1 among get-request or the get-next-request, and in the binding variable after first binding variable querying condition is set.
In addition, at request message is get-request, and under the situation of query object for table, the snmp management station is provided with querying condition, the processing of carrying querying condition in request message is specially: the sign that the object identity of the binding variable of get-request is set to show, and in the binding variable of get-request, querying condition is set.
Fig. 3 shows the message structure of the get-bulk-request of SNMPv2.As shown in Figure 3, the request message of a SNMP comprises three parts: the variable of SNMP head, PDU head and binding.
Wherein, the SNMP head comprises SNMP version and two fields of community, and SNMP version is the version information of SNMP; Community is a common body, is used for access rights control, and its function is equivalent to password.
The PUD head has four fields: PDU type, request id, non-repeater, Max-repetition.Wherein, the action type of PDU sign can comprise: get/get-next/set/get-bulk etc.Wherein, Request-id is that snmp management stands in a sign of composing to each PDU when sending message, is used to distinguish that to reply be replying of which order.Unrepeatable variable number when Non-repeater (being assumed to be first indication information) expression is inquired about in enormous quantities, the numbering of first variable is 1.The maximum iteration time that can repeat to obtain in the variable that Max-repetition (being assumed to be second indication information) expression is carried.If max-repetition is 0, will can not get access to data according to the agreement before the expansion.The present invention has then done expansion at this point to agreement, work as Non-repeaters=1, and during Max-repetition=0, just think the Extended Protocol inquiry of the specified requirements of arranging, owing to this situation is not carried out relevant regulations in the agreement, can guarantee not conflict mutually with the existing protocol operation.When receiving request message, be 1 at first indication information, and second indication information is under 0 the situation, the SNMP agency further obtains two inquiry fields in the binding variable, determines querying condition according to two inquiry fields; The SNMP agency inquires about according to querying condition of determining and the query object in the binding variable.Last part of PUD is a binding variable, can bind one group of variable.Each variable is made up of two parts, and one is OID, and another one is value.Preferably, querying condition partly can be placed on the variable part.
Below in conjunction with query processing process shown in Figure 2, and be the process that example is described inquiry with the get-bulk-request order.
For example, management station carries out batch data when obtaining to certain table object, and the OID of this table is 1.3.6.1.4.1.100, the expression employee information, the out of Memory of this table has 1.3.6.1.4.1.100.1, expression employee title, 1.3.6.1.4.1.100.2, expression employee job number.
When non-protocol extension is operated, binding variable 1.3.6.1.4.1.100.1 and 1.3.6.1.4.1.100.2 in get-bulk-request message PDU, issue Non-repeaters=0, Max-repetition=100, will directly normally handle by protocol stack, can not walk following expanding query flow process, the get-response message will return maximum 100 employees' employee information.Can obtain all employee information data this moment by inquiring about repeatedly.
As shown in Figure 2, concrete query script is as follows:
(001) management station will be provided with the inquiry of get-bulk-request type, and Non-repeaters=1 is set, Max-repetition=0;
Arranged the conditional information form: three vb of binding in variable, the OID of first vb is set to 1.3.6.1.4.1.100, the expression query object is the employee information table, the OID of second vb is set to 1.3.6.1.4.1.100.2, value is set to 1000, and the expression job number must be set to 1.3.6.1.4.1.100.2 greater than the OID of 1000, the three vb, value is set to 2000, and the expression job number must be less than 2000.Whole condition is the employee information of inquiry job number between 1000-2000;
Management station issues this request message, and the agency receives the query message that management station issues;
(002) agency receives the query message that management station issues, the agency judges whether this message satisfies the protocol extension condition then, the pdu type is get-bulk-request, and Non-repeaters=1, Max-repetition=0, if do not satisfy this condition, transfer to the agreement normal process, promptly jumped to for the 005th step;
(003) resolves the PDU that issues, obtain query object and querying condition.This moment, can to obtain query object be the employee information table, and querying condition is a job number greater than 1000 less than 2000 employee information;
(004) act on behalf of then according to condition and management object employee information and carry out alternately, get access to and specify job number greater than 1000, the employee information less than 2000 is filled up to data among the Mib;
(005) protocol stack is handled the get-bulk-request operation, if 007 step of redirect after finishing is just carried out in non-protocol extension operation this moment according to the agreement normal running; Be the protocol extension operation, since Non-repeaters=1, Max-repetition=0, and do not have employee information and be returned to management station this moment;
(006) this moment, management station re-used get-bulk-request operation to obtaining the data in the employee information table, and these data are exactly to satisfy job number greater than 1000 data less than all employees of 2000;
(007) finishes.
Should be noted that the get-bulk-request operation in above-mentioned example is that the SNMPv2 version proposes, therefore above-mentioned example is applicable to SNMPv2, SNMPv3 version, and is not suitable for the SNMPv1 version.
Although be that example is described above with get-bulk, also can expand and set querying condition for Get operation and get-next operation.
For Get and Get-next operation, the OID of first variable that can wherein bind is set to 1, follow-up binding variable is a condition, OID is that 1 node does not have example certainly, therefore can return information, as long as judged this OID, just can determine whether it is the inquiry that imposes a condition, and then analysis condition is inquired about according to a preconcerted arrangement, can not clash with original snmp protocol when returning Query Result like this.
And, operate for Get, because Get orders the value of the node of the OID correspondence that can only get access to binding variable, if this OID is the definition of table on the node meaning, this node can not have example (promptly certainly so, can't return information), the OID of the variable that can issue by judgement is that the OID of table determines whether it is the inquiry that imposes a condition.
For example, the definition of table is 1.3.6.1.4.1.100, the expression employee information, the out of Memory of this table has 1.3.6.1.4.1.100.1, expression employee title, 1.3.6.1.4.1.100.2, in this case, as long as determine to be bundled in the OID of the variable in the Get operation and be OID as above, just can determine the querying condition that issues, just passable according to the conditional formats parsing value value of appointing in advance.
Device embodiment
In the present embodiment, provide a kind of network administration apparatus, be used for the snmp management station and come management object by querying condition is set.
As shown in Figure 4, the network administration apparatus according to present embodiment comprises: module 402 is set, is positioned at the snmp management station, be used to be provided with querying condition; Snmp management station 404 is used for carrying querying condition at request message, and request message is sent to the SNMP agency, and finishes the inquiry back obtains the management object of inquiry from management information bank data the SNMP agency; SNMP agency 406, are used to resolve the request message of reception, obtain the querying condition in the request message, and inquiry satisfies the data of the management object of querying condition, and with the storage that inquires in management information bank.
Wherein, at request message is under the situation of get-bulk-request, module 402 is set querying condition is set, querying condition is carried at snmp management station 404 in request message processing is specially: the value of first indication information of unrepeatable variable number is set to 1 when being used to represent to inquire about in enormous quantities in the Packet Data Unit head among the get-bulk-request, the value that is used for representing second indication information of the maximum iteration time that the variable that carries can repeat to obtain in the Packet Data Unit head among the get-bulk-request is set to 0, and the binding variable among the get-bulk-request is set to comprise the fix querying condition of formula of query object peace treaty.
In addition, at request message is under the situation of get-request or get-next-request, module 402 is set to be provided with querying condition, snmp management station 404 carry querying condition in request message processing and to be specially: the object identity of first binding variable is set to 1 among get-request or the get-next-request, and in the binding variable after first binding variable querying condition is set.
In addition, at request message is get-request, and under the situation of query object for table, module 402 is set to be provided with querying condition, snmp management station 404 carry querying condition in request message processing and to be specially: the sign that the object identity of the binding variable of get-request is set to show, and in the binding variable of get-request, querying condition is set.
In sum, the present invention operates and carries out network management by the expansion snmp protocol, by means of technical scheme of the present invention, can realize data query in enormous quantities to query object by specifying complex conditions, and can avoid large-scale data interaction.
The above is the preferred embodiments of the present invention only, is not limited to the present invention, and for a person skilled in the art, the present invention can have various changes and variation.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of being done, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. a network management is used for the simple network management protocol management station and comes management object by querying condition is set, and it is characterized in that described method comprises:
Described simple network management protocol management station is provided with querying condition, carries described querying condition in request message, and the described request message is sent to snmp agent;
Described snmp agent is resolved the described request message that receives, and obtains the querying condition in the described request message;
The data of the management object of described querying condition are satisfied in the inquiry of described snmp agent, and with the storage that inquires in management information bank;
Described simple network management protocol management station obtains the data of the described management object of inquiry from described management information bank.
2. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, at the described request message is under the situation of get-bulk-request, and described simple network management protocol management station is provided with querying condition, and the processing of carrying described querying condition in the described request message is specially:
The value of first indication information of unrepeatable variable number is set to 1 when being used to represent to inquire about in enormous quantities in the Packet Data Unit head among the described get-bulk-request, the value that is used for representing second indication information of the maximum iteration time that the variable that carries can repeat to obtain in the Packet Data Unit head among the described get-bulk-request is set to 0, and the binding variable among the described get-bulk-request is set to comprise the fix querying condition of formula of query object peace treaty.
3. method according to claim 2 is characterized in that, described snmp agent is resolved the described request message that receives, and the operation of obtaining the querying condition in the described request message is specially:
Described snmp agent reads first indication information and described second indication information in the described request message;
At described first indication information is 1, and described second indication information is under 0 the situation, and described snmp agent further obtains querying condition in the described binding variable according to described predetermined format;
Described snmp agent is inquired about according to described querying condition of determining and the query object in the described binding variable.
4. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, at the described request message is under the situation of get-request or get-next-request, and described simple network management protocol management station is provided with querying condition, and the processing of carrying described querying condition in the described request message is specially:
The object identity of first binding variable is set to 1 among described get-request or the get-next-request, and in the binding variable after described first binding variable querying condition is set.
5. according to the described method of claim 1, it is characterized in that, be get-request at the described request message, and query object is under the situation of table, described simple network management protocol management station is provided with querying condition, and the processing of carrying described querying condition in the described request message is specially:
The sign that the object identity of the binding variable of described get-request is set to show, and in the binding variable of described get-request, querying condition is set.
6. a network administration apparatus is used for the simple network management protocol management station and comes management object by querying condition is set, and it is characterized in that described device comprises:
Module is set, is positioned at described simple network management protocol management station, be used to be provided with querying condition;
Described simple network management protocol management station, be used for carrying described querying condition at request message, and the described request message sent to snmp agent, and finish the inquiry back obtains the management object of inquiry from management information bank data at described snmp agent;
Described snmp agent, be used to resolve the described request message of reception, obtain the querying condition in the described request message, and the data of inquiring about the management object that satisfies described querying condition, and the described storage that will inquire is in described management information bank.
7. device according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, at the described request message is under the situation of get-bulk-request, describedly is provided with that module is provided with described querying condition, described simple network management protocol management stands in the processing of carrying described querying condition in the described request message and is specially:
The value of first indication information of unrepeatable variable number is set to 1 when being used to represent to inquire about in enormous quantities in the Packet Data Unit head among the described get-bulk-request, the value that is used for representing second indication information of the maximum iteration time that the variable that carries can repeat to obtain in the Packet Data Unit head among the described get-bulk-request is set to 0, and the binding variable among the described get-bulk-request is set to comprise the fix querying condition of formula of query object peace treaty.
8. according to the described device of claim 6, it is characterized in that, at the described request message is under the situation of get-request or get-next-request, describedly is provided with that module is provided with described querying condition, described simple network management protocol management stands in the processing of carrying described querying condition in the described request message and is specially:
The object identity of first binding variable is set to 1 among described get-request or the get-next-request, and in the binding variable after described first binding variable querying condition is set.
9. according to the described device of claim 6, it is characterized in that, at the described request message is get-request, and under the situation of query object for table, describedly be provided with that module is provided with described querying condition, described simple network management protocol management stands in the processing of carrying described querying condition in the described request message and is specially:
The sign that the object identity of the binding variable of described get-request is set to show, and in the binding variable of described get-request, querying condition is set.
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