CN101243295B - Air cycle refrigerating/cooling system and turbine unit used therefor - Google Patents
Air cycle refrigerating/cooling system and turbine unit used therefor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101243295B CN101243295B CN2006800304142A CN200680030414A CN101243295B CN 101243295 B CN101243295 B CN 101243295B CN 2006800304142 A CN2006800304142 A CN 2006800304142A CN 200680030414 A CN200680030414 A CN 200680030414A CN 101243295 B CN101243295 B CN 101243295B
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Abstract
An air cycle refrigerating/cooling system capable of providing stable high-speed rotation by maintaining a space between each of the discs and the housing of a turbine unit at the minimum, enabling an increase in the long-term durability and the life of bearings supporting the spindle of the turbine unit, and enabling an increase in the reliability of the system. The system compresses an inflow air by the compressor (6) of the turbine unit (5) and adiabatically expands the compressed air by the expansion turbine (7) of the turbine unit (5). In the turbine unit (5), the compressor disc (6a) of the compressor (6) and the turbine disc (7a) of the expansion turbine (7) are installed on a shared spindle (13). The spindle (13) is rotatably pivoted on the bearings (15, 16), and a part or all of a thrust force applied to the spindle (13) is pivoted by electromagnets (17).
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling of a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system and this system, it adopts air as cold-producing medium, is used for cold storage warehouse, sub-zero low temperature chamber, air-conditioning etc.
Background technology
When adopting air as cold-producing medium, the aspect of its environmental protection, security is better than the occasion that adopts fluorine, ammonia etc., and still, it is being not enough aspect characteristic of energy efficiency.Yet,,,, have totle drilling cost dropped to the possibility equal with existed system by taking to omit the measure of storehouse internal fan, frost removal etc. in the occasion of the facility that is used for directly being blown into the air that constitutes cold-producing medium as cold storage warehouse etc.At present, adopt the situation of fluorine to limit from the environment aspect to cold-producing medium, in addition, even adopt other cold-producing medium gas, people still wish to avoid as much as possible it.Thus, in purposes as described above, people propose with air as the air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of cold-producing medium (such as, patent documentation 1, non-patent literature 1).
In addition, people mention, and in-30 ℃～-60 ℃ deep cooling (deepcold) field, air cooled theoretical efficiency is greater than fluorine, ammonia (non-patent literature 1).But, also record in order to obtain above-mentioned air cooled theoretical efficiency, just only under the situation of peripheral device, can set up with optimal design.Peripheral device is compressor, expansion of vapo(u)r turbine etc.
As compressor, expansion of vapo(u)r turbine, employing compressor impeller and expansion of vapo(u)r engine blade wheel are installed on the turbine unit (patent documentation 1, non-patent literature 1) on the common main shaft.
In addition, steam turbine compressor as treatment process gas, proposition has following magnetic bearing formula steam turbine compressor, wherein, end at main shaft is installed turbine rotor, at its other end compressor impeller is installed, is supported above-mentioned main shaft (patent documentation 2) by axle journal and thrust bearing by current of electromagnet control.
In addition, people propose to have the scheme of steam turbine engine, still, and for fear of acting on the shortening that thrust load on the rolling bearing that main shaft supporting uses causes bearing life, people propose to reduce to act on the scheme (patent documentation 3) of the thrust load on the rolling bearing by the thrust magnetic bearing.
Patent documentation 1: No. 2623202 communique of Japan's special permission
Patent documentation 2: Japanese kokai publication hei 7-91760 communique
Patent documentation 3: Japanese kokai publication hei 8-261237 communique
Non-patent literature 1: magazine, ニ Star ケ イ メ カ ニ カ Le (Nikkei machinery), " the cold や The of the empty mood The of empty mood In " (cooling off air), distribution on November 13 nineteen ninety-five, No.467, the 46th～52 page with air
As aforementioned, as air cycle refrigerating/cooling system,, obtain high efficiency air cooled theoretical efficiency in the deep cooling field, necessarily require compressor, the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine of optimal design.
Compressor, expansion of vapo(u)r turbine adopt as described above, and compressor impeller and expansion of vapo(u)r engine blade wheel are installed on the turbine unit on the common main shaft.This turbine unit can be by the power of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine generation, drive compression machine impeller, the efficient of raising air circulation refrigerator.
But, in order to obtain practical efficient, the gap that must keep each impeller and shell minutely.The variation in this gap constitutes the obstruction of stable high speed rotation, causes the reduction of efficient.
In addition,, on main shaft, act on thrust, applied thrust load on the bearing of supporting spindle by acting on the air of compressor impeller, turbine rotor.The rotary speed of the main shaft of the turbine unit in the air cycle refrigerating/cooling system is 1 minute 80,000～100,000 commentaries on classics, compares with the bearing of common purposes, is very high speed.Thus, above-mentioned such thrust load causes long durability reduction, the life-span of the bearing of supporting spindle to be reduced, and the reliability of turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling is reduced.Can't eliminate the problem of the long durability of such bearing, the practicability of turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling, and then the practicability of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system is difficult to realize.But disclosed technology can not solve relatively the reduction of long durability of bearing of the load of the thrust load under should high speed rotating in above-mentioned patent documentation 1, the non-patent literature 1.
At the magnetic bearing formula steam turbine compressor as patent documentation 2, the occasion of the type by the bearing of journals that formed by magnetic bearing and thrust bearing supporting spindle does not have axial limitation function to the bearing of journals.Thus,, then be difficult to keep the minim gap between above-mentioned impeller and the shell, carry out stable high speed rotation if having the destabilizing factor etc. of the control of the bearing of journals.In the occasion of magnetic bearing, also have the contact problems of power supply when stopping.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling in a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system and this system, in this air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, can keep each impeller of turbine unit and the gap between the shell minutely, obtain stable high speed rotation, obtain the higher compression and the efficient of expansion, and the long durability of bearing of seeking to support the main shaft of turbine unit improves, the raising in life-span, seek the raising of the reliability of system.
The air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of the 1st scheme of the present invention, it is to flowing into air, compress and carry out heat insulation expansion by the compressor in the turbine unit by the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine in the above-mentioned turbine unit, in above-mentioned turbine unit, the turbine rotor of the compressor impeller of above-mentioned compressor and above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine is installed on the two ends of common main shaft, the bearing that rotatably supports above-mentioned main shaft is set between the above-mentioned compressor impeller and above-mentioned turbine rotor of the main shaft shell that holds above-mentioned main shaft, bear part or all of the thrust that acts on this main shaft by electromagnet, between the periphery and above-mentioned compressor impeller between the main shaft shell and near the described bearing it of above-mentioned main shaft, and between near the described bearing turbine rotor and its at least one noncontact seal is set, above-mentioned bearing is the rolling bearing of the relative radial support of above-mentioned main shaft, inside at above-mentioned main shaft shell, setting makes near the bearing cooling air the bearing of air flow above-mentioned compressor side of inlet portion of above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine import path, and the outflow pathway that near the air that makes the bearing that imports to the above-mentioned compressor side flows out to the entrance side of above-mentioned compressor is set in the inside of above-mentioned main shaft.
In the air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of the 1st scheme, owing to support above-mentioned thrust,, alleviate the thrust on the bearing that the swivel bearing that acts on main shaft uses simultaneously so suppress the increase of moment of torsion by the noncontact mode by electromagnet, the long durability of bearing improves, and the life-span improves.Since support by electromagnet, different with permanent magnet, also can carry out control corresponding to the electromagnetic attraction that is fit to that acts on the thrust on the main shaft.Because the long durability of main shaft bearing improves, thus air cycle refrigerating/cooling system the whole reliability raising.Like this, improve owing to constitute long durability, the reliability of main shaft bearing of turbine unit of the weak link of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, so can realize the practicability of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system.
The air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of the 1st scheme also can be following air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it is to flowing into air, compress, cool off, compress, cool off, carry out heat insulation expansion by compressing mechanism in advance successively by the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine in the above-mentioned turbine unit by another heat exchanger by the compressor in the above-mentioned turbine unit by heat exchanger, above-mentioned turbine unit also can drive the above-mentioned compressor impeller by the power that is produced by above-mentioned turbine rotor.The air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of this forecast scheme configuration the 2nd scheme.
The air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of the 2nd scheme flows into air by compressing mechanism compression in advance, and the state improve temperature by compression cools off by heat exchanger.The air of cooling is by the compressor in the turbine unit, and further compression is risen temperature, cools off once more by another heat exchanger.Cool off by the air of another heat exchanger to cooling, the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine with its guiding turbine unit is cooled to target temperature by heat insulation expansion, such as ,-30 ℃～-60 ℃ extremely low temperature is discharged.
In turbine unit, because the turbine rotor of compressor impeller and above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine is installed on the common main shaft, by the power driven compressor impeller that produces by turbine rotor, so power source is unwanted, can pass through compact structure, effectively cooling.On the main shaft of this turbine unit, the pressure of the air by acting on each impeller etc., effect has thrust.In addition, in the turbine unit that air cycle refrigerating/cooling system adopted, during 1 minute, form such as 80,000～100,000 right rotations very at a high speed of turning left.Thus, if act on above-mentioned thrust on the bearing of swivel bearing main shaft, then the long durability of main shaft reduces.
Equally in the 2nd scheme, owing to supporting above-mentioned thrust, so suppress the increase of moment of torsion in non-contacting mode by electromagnet, simultaneously, alleviate the thrust that acts on the bearing that the swivel bearing on the main shaft uses, realize the raising of the long durability of bearing, realize the raising in life-span.Since support by electromagnet, also can be different with permanent magnet, carry out control corresponding to the electromagnetic attraction that is fit to that acts on the thrust on the main shaft.Because the long durability of main shaft bearing improves, so the whole reliability of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system improves.Like this, improve owing to constitute long durability, the reliability of main shaft bearing of steam turbine of the weak link of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, so can realize the practicability of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system.
In such scheme, turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling also can be following form, wherein, the turbine rotor of the compressor impeller of above-mentioned compressor and above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine and motor rotor are installed on the common main shaft, by magnetic force from the motor stator of facing with above-mentioned motor rotor, make main axis rotation, thus, drive the above-mentioned compressor impeller.The air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of this forecast scheme configuration the 3rd scheme.
In the occasion that motor, drive shaft are set, the compressing mechanism in advance of air blast etc. needn't be set in the prime of compressor as the 3rd scheme.
The freezing cooling assembly of the air circulation of the 4th scheme of the present invention is the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that is used for the air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of above-mentioned the 2nd scheme, above-mentioned bearing is the rolling bearing of the above-mentioned main shaft of relative radial support, be provided with air pressure and measure mechanism, the air pressure of the air pressure of at least one in its mensuration above-mentioned compressor and the above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine.Best, above-mentioned rolling bearing has the maintenance function of the axial location between such Internal and external cycle such as deep trouth ball bearing.Also can be angular contact ball bearing.
The turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling of the 4th scheme by heat exchanger, cools off the air that constitutes cooling medium in air cycle refrigerating/cooling system.To be cooled to target temperature by the heat insulation expansion of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine with the air of above-mentioned cools down, the extremely low temperature such as-30 ℃～-60 ℃ uses the mode of its discharge.
In this turbine unit, because compressor impeller and above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r engine blade wheel are installed on the common main shaft, by the power that is produced by turbine rotor, drive compression machine impeller so power source is unwanted, can cool off effectively by the scheme of compactness.
In order to ensure the compression of this turbine unit, the efficient of expansion, must keep the gap between each impeller and the shell minutely.In air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, this efficient guarantees it is important.This situation owing to support the main shaft of impeller by rolling bearing, can to limit main spindle's to a certain degree, keep certain with the minim gap between each impeller and the shell by the limitation function of the axial location that rolling bearing had relatively.
But, on the main shaft of turbine unit, the pressure by acting on the air on each impeller etc., effect has thrust.In addition, in the turbine unit that air cooling system adopted, during 1 minute, form the rotation of changeing such as 80,000～100,000 very at a high speed.Thus, if act on above-mentioned thrust on the rolling bearing of swivel bearing main shaft, then the long durability of bearing reduces.
Equally in the 4th scheme, owing to support above-mentioned thrust,, can alleviate the thrust that acts on the rolling bearing that main shaft supporting uses so can suppress the increase of moment of torsion by the noncontact mode by electromagnet.In this occasion, because being set, at least one the air pressure of measuring in above-mentioned compressor and the above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine of air pressure measures mechanism, so can be by this compressor and the interior air of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine, the thrust of detection effect on above-mentioned main shaft.Thus, can control the attraction of above-mentioned electromagnet,,, use rolling bearing at the state that is suitable for most thrust corresponding to this bearing type by measure the output of mechanism corresponding to air pressure.
Particularly, because testing agency adopts air pressure to measure mechanism, so the scheme of testing agency is simple, the reliability height.
Thus, keep the gap that is fit to of each impeller, obtain the stable high speed rotation of main shaft, and the long durability of rolling bearing improves the life-span raising.Because the integral body into turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling is pretended in the raising of the long durability of the rolling bearing that main shaft supporting is used, and then improve as the whole reliability of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system.Like this, because the stable high speed rotation of the main shaft bearing of the turbine unit of the weak link of formation air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, long durability, reliability improve, so can realize the practicability of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system.
In addition, the operational situation of the integral body of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system impacts the air pressure in above-mentioned compressor, the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine, but, because above-mentioned air pressure is measured at least one air pressure in mechanism's mensuration compressor and the above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine, so not only can be used for the control of above-mentioned electromagnet, but also be used for the supervision of the operational situation of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system.
Also can be in this scheme, the turbine rotor of the compressor impeller of above-mentioned compressor and above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine and motor rotor are installed on the common main shaft, and the magnetic force by from the motor rotor of facing with above-mentioned motor rotor makes main axis rotation, thus, drive the above-mentioned compressor impeller.This programme forms the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling of the 5th scheme.
As the 5th scheme, the occasion of motor, drive shaft is set, needn't the compressing mechanism in advance of air blast etc. be set in the prime of compressor.
Description of drawings
According to the explanation of the following embodiment that carries out with reference to the accompanying drawings, can be expressly understood the present invention more.But embodiment and accompanying drawing only are used for diagram and explanation, shall not be applied to and determine scope of the present invention.Scope of the present invention is determined by accompanying Claim.In the accompanying drawings, the same parts label in a plurality of accompanying drawings is represented same part.
Fig. 1 is the system diagram of the air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of the 1st embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that above-mentioned air cycle refrigerating/cooling system adopted;
Fig. 3 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that air cycle refrigerating/cooling system adopted of the 2nd embodiment;
Fig. 4 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that adopted of the 3rd embodiment;
Fig. 5 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that adopted of the 4th embodiment;
Fig. 6 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that adopted of the 5th embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that adopted of the 6th embodiment;
Fig. 8 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that adopted of the 7th embodiment;
Fig. 9 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that adopted of the 8th embodiment;
Figure 10 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that adopted of the 9th embodiment;
Figure 11 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling of the 10th embodiment;
The block diagram of an example of the controller that Figure 12 is adopted for the above-mentioned turbine unit of expression;
Figure 13 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling of the 11st embodiment;
Figure 14 is the cutaway view of the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling of the 12nd embodiment.
The specific embodiment
By Fig. 1 and Fig. 2, the 1st embodiment of the present invention is described.Fig. 1 is the scheme of the integral body of expression air cycle refrigerating/cooling system.The system of this air cycle refrigerating/cooling system for directly the air in the space 10 that is cooled of freezer etc. being cooled off as cold-producing medium has from mouthful 1a that is taken into of the air that is opened on the space 10 that is cooled respectively and extends to the air circulation path 1 of discharging 1b.In this air circulation path 1, set gradually compressing mechanism the 2, the 1st heat exchanger 3, dehumidifier 4, turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling 5 in advance compressor the 6, the 2nd heat exchanger 8, intermediate heat exchanger 9, with the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 of above-mentioned turbine unit 5.Intermediate heat exchanger 9 is in the inside of above-mentioned air circulation path 1, be taken into mouthful 1a near the inflow air heat up with compression by back level, carry out heat exchange between the air of cooling, be taken near the inside of the air of mouthful 1a by the center 9a of heat exchanger 9.
Compressing mechanism 2 is formed by hair-dryer etc. in advance, drives by motor 2a.The 1st heat exchanger 3 and the 2nd heat exchanger 8 have heat exchanger 3a, the 8a that makes the cooling medium circulation respectively, carry out heat exchange between the cooling medium of the water in heat exchanger 3a, 8a etc. and the air of air circulation path 1.Each heat exchanger 3a, 8a are connected with cooling tower 11 by pipe, and the cooling medium that heats up by heat exchange cools off by cooling tower 11.
Air cycle refrigerating/cooling system remains on the system of 0 ℃～-60 ℃ of degree for the space 10 that will be cooled, and the air of 1 air pressure of 0 ℃～-60 ℃ of degree flows into mouthful 1a that is taken into of air circulation paths 1 from the space 10 that is cooled.In addition, the temperature that provides below and the numerical value of air pressure are an example of reference value value.Inflow is taken into air among mouthful 1a is used for the back level of air circulation path 1 by intermediate heat exchanger 9 the cooling of air, is warming up to 30 ℃.The air of this intensification is in the state of 1 air pressure, still, is compressed to 1.4 air pressure by compressing mechanism 2 in advance, by this compression, is warming up to 70 ℃.Because the 1st heat exchanger 3 can cool off 70 ℃ the air that heats up, so even be the cold water of normal temperature degree, still can good efficiency cool off, is cooled to 40 ℃.Dehumidifier 4 is for the moisture that prevents the air in the air circulation path 1 freezes because of the cooling under freezing point, generation in the back level, prevents to produce the situation that obstruction, the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 of air circulation path 1 block etc., and the air in the path is dehumidified.
After the dehumidifying 40 ℃, the air of 1.4 air pressure are compressed to 1.8 air pressure by the compressor 6 of turbine unit 5, and the state be warmed up to 70 ℃ of degree by this compression is cooled to 40 ℃ by the 2nd heat exchanger 8.This air of 40 ℃ is cooled to-20 ℃ by intermediate heat exchanger 9 by-30 ℃ air.Air pressure maintains 1.8 air pressure of discharging from compressor 6.
Be cooled to-20 ℃ the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 heat insulation expansions of air by turbine unit 5 by intermediate heat exchanger 9, be cooled to-55 ℃, be discharged to the space 10 that is cooled from outlet 1b.This air cycle refrigerating/cooling system carries out such freeze cycle.
Fig. 2 represents the instantiation of turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling 5.This turbine unit 5 comprises compressor 6 and expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, and the compressor impeller 6a of compressor 6 and the turbine rotor 7a of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 are installed on the two ends of main shaft 13 respectively.In addition, by the power that is produced by turbine rotor 7a, drive compression machine impeller 6a is not provided with other drive source.
In addition, also can be as illustrating by Fig. 8 in the back, the compressor impeller 6a of compressor 6, the turbine rotor 7a of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 and motor rotor 92 are installed on the common main shaft 13, by the drive force main shaft 13 of motor 90.The occasion of drive shaft 13 in that motor 90 is set needn't be provided with the compressing mechanism in advance 2 (Fig. 1) of hair-dryer etc. in the prime of compressor 6.
In Fig. 2, compressor 6 comprises the shell 6b that faces with compressor impeller 6a by small gap d 1, by compressor impeller 6a, to from central division suction inlet 6c vertically inhaled air compress, with this air from the outlet (not shown) of peripheral part as by shown in the arrow 6d, discharging.
Expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 has the shell 7b that faces with turbine rotor 7a by small gap d 2, by turbine rotor 7a to from peripheral part, as carrying out heat insulation expansion by inhaled air shown in the arrow 7c, outlet 7d from central division discharges vertically.
This turbine unit 5 relatively radially by a plurality of bearing 15,16 supporting spindles 13, bears the thrust that acts on the main shaft 13 by electromagnet 17.This turbine unit 5 comprises the air that detects by in compressor 6 and the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, acts on the sensor 18 of the thrust on the main shaft 13; Controller 19, this controller 19 are controlled the supporting force of above-mentioned electromagnet 17 corresponding to the output of this sensor 18.This electromagnet 17 is arranged in the main shaft shell 14 according in two modes that face is faced of noncontact mode with the thrust plate 13a of the flange-like that is formed by the ferromagnetism body of the centre that is arranged at main shaft 13.
The bearing 15,16 of supporting spindle 13 is a rolling bearing, has the limitation function of axial location, such as, adopt the deep trouth ball bearing.In the occasion of deep trouth ball bearing, have the promotion supporting functions of both direction, have the effect that the axial location of Internal and external cycle is turned back to the neutral position.These 2 bearings 15,16 be arranged at respectively the compressor impeller 6a of main shaft shell 14 and turbine rotor 7a near.
The bearing that side is set 16 of the sensor 18 is chimeric with the inside that is embedded in the bearing shell 23 in the main shaft shell 14.
In each impeller 6a of the bearing 15,16 of the both sides of main shaft shell 14, the part of 7a side, aperture surface forms according to the diameter near main shaft 13, forms noncontact seal 21,22 at this aperture surface.Noncontact seal 21,22 is a labyrinth, wherein, at the aperture surface of main shaft shell 14, forms a plurality of circumferential grooves vertically side by side.
The turbine unit 5 of this structure uses in the following manner, this mode is: in air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, will be by the air of compressor 6 compressions formation cooling medium, its temperature is risen, air by heat exchanger 8,9 coolings passes through expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, is cooled to target temperature by heat insulation expansion, such as, the extremely low temperature of-30 ℃～-60 ℃ of degree is with its discharge.
Because in this turbine unit 5, compressor impeller 6a and turbine rotor 7a are installed on the common main shaft 13, by the power that produces by turbine rotor 7a, drive compression machine impeller 6a, so power source is unwanted, can be by compact scheme, cooling effectively.
In order to ensure the compression of this turbine unit 5, the efficient of expansion, must keep gap d 1, the d2 of each impeller 6a, 7a and shell 6b, 7b in small mode.In air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, this efficient guarantees it is important.Because relative this situation, bearing 15,16 supporting spindles 13 by roller, so can to limit the axial location of main shaft 13 to a certain degree, minim gap d1, d2 between each impeller 6a, 7a and shell 6b, the 7b be kept certain by the limitation function of the axial location that rolling bearing had.
But on the main shaft 13 in turbine unit 5, because of the pressure that acts on the air on each impeller 6a, 7a etc., effect has thrust.In addition, in the turbine unit 5 that air cooling system adopted, during 1 minute, realize the very high rotation of changeing such as 80,000～100,000.Thus, if effect has above-mentioned thrust on the rolling bearing 15,16 of swivel bearing main shaft 13, then the long durability of bearing 15,16 reduces.
Because present embodiment is by the above-mentioned thrust of electromagnet 17 supporting, thus can be when suppressing the increase of torque in non-contacting mode, alleviate the thrust on the rolling bearing 15,16 of the supporting usefulness that acts on main shaft 13.In this occasion, sensor 18 is set, this sensor 18 detects by the thrust of air effect on main shaft 13 in compressor 6 and the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7; Controller 19, this controller 19 are controlled the supporting force of above-mentioned electromagnet 17 corresponding to the output of this sensor 18, so can at the state that is suitable for most thrust, use rolling bearing 15,16 corresponding to this bearing type.
Particularly since sensor 18 be arranged at bearing 16 near, so can directly measure the thrust that acts on the bearing 16 that becomes problem, it is good that it measures precision, can carry out the control of the thrust of precision.
Thus, keep the gap d 1, the d2 that are fit to of each impeller 6a, 7a, obtain the stable high speed rotation of main shaft 13, and the long durability of bearing 15,16 is improved, the life-span improves.Because the integral body into turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling 5 is pretended in the raising of the long durability of bearing 15,16, and then improve as the whole reliability of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system.Because like this, the stable high speed rotation of the main shaft bearing 15,16 of the turbine unit 5 of the weak link of formation air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, long durability, reliability improve, so the air freezing cooling system can drop into practicality.
Since each bearing 15,16 be arranged near the of compressor impeller 6a and turbine rotor 7a near, the two ends of supporting spindle 13 rotate so can carry out further stable high speed.
Owing between the main shaft 13 and main shaft shell 14 of the end side of each bearing 15,16, noncontact seal 21,22 is set, so prevent by bearing 15,16 inside etc., air leaks into the situation between compressor 6 and the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7.Because the air pressure inside difference at the inside of compressor 6 and expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 is big, so via the chimeric face of inner ring 15a, the 16a of the inside of each bearing 15,16, each bearing 15,16 and outer ring 15b, 16b and main shaft 13, main shaft shell 14, generation leakage of air.Such leakage of air causes the reduction of the efficient of compressor 6, expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, in addition, when the air in the inside by bearing 15,16 has dust, has the inside of polluting bearing 15,16, make the lubriation material drying in the bearing, reduce the danger of durability.The reduction of such efficient, and the stained of bearing 15,16 prevents by above-mentioned noncontact seal 21,22.
Later each of Fig. 3 figure expression other each embodiment of the present invention.In each later example of Fig. 3, except the item that specifies, scheme, the effect all example with Fig. 2 are identical, and counterpart adopts same label, and the repetitive description thereof will be omitted.
Fig. 3 represents the turbine unit 5 of the 2nd embodiment of the present invention.In this turbine unit 5, main shaft 13 is a hollow, by constituting the passage 83 of the bearing cooling air importing path in this main shaft 13, the outlet side of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 and the input side of compressor 6 is communicated with.
Like this, offer the occasion of passage 83 in main shaft 13 inside, main shaft 13 cools off by the air of the inside by passage 83, at a high speed rotation and the bearing 15,16 that is in high temperature cools off by the heat conduction from main shaft 13.Thus, the durability of bearing 15,16 improves.
Also can be in the passage 83 that runs through main shaft 13, the 3rd embodiment shown in the image pattern 4 is such, near each bearing 15,16, is arranged on branch branch road 83a, the 83b of the outer peripheral face opening of main shaft 13.If these minutes branch road 83a, 83b are set, by flowing through the air of branch branch road 83a, 83b, direct cooling bearing 15,16, the cooling effectiveness raising of bearing 15,16.
Fig. 5 represents the turbine unit 5 of the 4th embodiment.In this turbine unit 5, axle head from the compressor impeller 6a side of main shaft 13, the bearing cooling air that the main shaft medial side opening of bearing 15 in its vicinity is set imports path 84, and imports path 85 from the bearing cooling air of the main shaft medial side opening of the axle head setting bearing 16 in its vicinity of the turbine rotor 7a side of main shaft 13.
In the occasion of this scheme, the air in the compressor 6 imports path 84 by bearing cooling air, near the bearing 15 of inflow compressor 6 sides, after this bearing 15 of cooling and bearing 16, imports path 85 by bearing cooling air and is discharged to expansion of vapo(u)r wheel pusher side.
In addition, owing to being in lower temperature near the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, so even bearing 16 rotation at a high speed still can suppress temperature and rise.So, but also the 5th embodiment shown in the image pattern 6 is such, only in compressor 6 sides above-mentioned bearing cooling air is set and imports path 84.
Fig. 7 represents the turbine unit 5 of the 6th embodiment.In this turbine unit 5, in the inside of main shaft shell 14, near the bearing cooling air of bearing that air flow compressor 6 sides of the inlet portion that makes expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 are set imports path 86.In addition, make this air that has imported flow out to the outflow pathway 87 of the entrance side of compressor 6 in the setting of the inside of main shaft 13.
Because the pressure of the inlet portion of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 is according to the pressure after the compression of compressor 6, so it is higher than the pressure of the inlet portion of compressor 6.Thus, produce from above-mentioned bearing cooling air and import path 86 inflows, from the air stream of outflow pathway 87 outflows.The air of the inlet portion of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 is by the 2nd heat exchanger 8 of Fig. 1 and the air that intermediate heat exchanger 9 cools off, such as, be in low temperature and reach-40 ℃.Owing to pass through of bearing 15 coolings of the air of this low temperature,, can improve durability so can effectively the easy bearing 15 that is in the compressor side of the condition of high temperature because of the high speed rotation be cooled off with compressor 6 sides.
Fig. 8 represents the turbine unit 5 of the 7th embodiment.In this turbine unit 5, be provided with and make main shaft 13 rotation drive electric motor 90.This motor 90 constitutes by being arranged at stator 91 on the main shaft shell 14 and the rotor 92 that is arranged on the main shaft 13 according to being provided with electromagnet 17 mode arranged side by side, and stator 91 has stator coil 91a, and rotor 92 is formed by magnet etc.The control of motor 90 is undertaken by motor controller 93.
This turbine unit 5 passes through by the driving force of the turbine rotor 7a of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 generations and the driving force of motor 90, rotation drive compression machine impeller 6a.Thus, even under the situation of the compressing mechanism in advance 2 that is not formed by the hair-dryer of Fig. 1, but drive compression machine 6 is still sought the densification of system.
Fig. 9 represents the turbine unit 5 of the 8th embodiment.This structure is the structure of built-in controller 19 in turbine unit 5.By constituting like this, between controller 19 and the electromagnet 17 and the cable between controller 19 and the sensor 18 can form shortly, and connection is simply, so, aspect cost, be favourable, simultaneously, seek from the integrally-built densification of sensor external Circuits System.
The 9th embodiment shown in the image pattern 10 is such, be provided with in the scheme of motor 90 in the inside of turbine unit 5, controller 19M is built in the inside of turbine unit 5, cable between motor 90 and the controller 19M also is necessary, like this, the scheme of built-in controller 19M is more favourable in turbine unit 5.In addition, the controller 19M of present embodiment comprises above-mentioned controller 19 and motor controller 93.
This controller 19M adopts and not only connects power line from the outside, but also connects the scheme of order wire, thus, also can change the operating state of electromagnet 17 from the outside.Such as, in the occasion that main shaft 13 does not rotate, by the control signal from the outside, the mode that does not flow through electromagnet 17 according to electric current constitutes, and thus, can avoid supplying with to the unnecessary power supply of turbine unit 5, seeks the saving of energy.In addition,, the outside is delivered in the output of sensor 18, thus, also can externally be exported the state of monitoring turbine assembly according to this sensor by order wire.
In addition, in each embodiment above-mentioned and described later, the thrust plate 13a of main shaft 13 is provided with electromagnet 17 relatively, still, also electromagnet 17 can be set not only, and the permanent magnet (not shown) is set.In addition,, also can only bear the thrust of main shaft 13, though this point breaks away from the present invention by permanent magnet if do not need the control of thrust.
Below according to Figure 11 and Figure 12, the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling of the 10th embodiment of the present invention is described.About adopting the air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of this turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling, noted earlier as what carry out according to Fig. 1.
Figure 11 represents the instantiation of turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling 5.This turbine unit 5 has compressor 6 and expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, and the compressor impeller 6a of compressor 6 and the turbine rotor 7a of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 are installed on the two ends of main shaft 13 respectively.In addition, by the power that turbine rotor 7a produces, drive compression machine impeller 6a is not provided with other drive source.
In addition, but also the 12nd embodiment shown in the image pattern 14 is such, and the compressor impeller 6a of compressor 6, the turbine rotor 7a of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 and motor rotor 92 are installed on the common main shaft 13, by the drive force main shaft 13 of motor 90.Motor 90 is made of with above-mentioned motor rotor 92 stator 91 that has stator coil 91a, be arranged on the main shaft shell 14, by motor controller 93 controls.The occasion of drive shaft 13 in that motor 90 is set needn't be provided with the compressing mechanism in advance 2 (Fig. 1) of hair-dryer etc. in the prime of compressor 6.
In Figure 11, compressor 6 comprises the shell 6b that faces with compressor impeller 6a by minim gap d1, by compressor impeller 6a, with from central division suction inlet 6c inhaled air compression vertically, with its from the outlet (not shown) of peripheral part as by such discharge the shown in the arrow 6d.
Expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 has the shell 7b that faces with turbine rotor 7a by minim gap d2, by turbine rotor 7a, will its outlet 7d from central division be discharged vertically from the heat insulation expansion of inhaled air peripheral part is shown in arrow 7c.
In this turbine unit 5, relatively radially by a plurality of bearing 15,16 supporting spindles 13, by electromagnet 17 (17
1, 17
2) bear the thrust that acts on the main shaft 13.In this turbine unit 5, be provided as and be used to detect air pressure testing agency, the pressure sensor 61～64 described later that acts on the thrust on the main shaft 13 by the air in compressor 6 and the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, setting is controlled the controller 19A of the supporting force of above-mentioned electromagnet 17 corresponding to by the output of this pressure sensor 61～64 being carried out the presumed value of the thrust that computing calculates.Electromagnet 17 is according to noncontact mode and the centre that is arranged at main shaft 13, and two modes that face is faced of the thrust plate 13a of the flange-like that is formed by the ferromagnetism body are arranged on the main shaft shell 14.
The bearing 15,16 of supporting spindle 13 is a rolling bearing, has the limitation function of axial location, such as, adopt the deep trouth ball bearing.In the occasion of deep trouth ball bearing, have two-way promotion supporting functions, have the effect that the axial location of Internal and external cycle is turned back to the neutral position.These 2 bearings 15,16 be arranged at respectively the compressor impeller 6a of main shaft shell 14 and turbine rotor 7a near.
Each impeller 6a of the bearing 15,16 of the both sides of main shaft shell 14, the part of 7a side form according to the diameter of aperture surface near main shaft 13, form noncontact seal 21,22 on this aperture surface.This noncontact seal 21,22 forms labyrinth, wherein, on the aperture surface of main shaft shell 14, forms a plurality of circumferential grooves vertically side by side.
In the bearing 16 of the turbine rotor 7a side in above-mentioned each bearing 15,16, its outer ring 16a is arranged on the main shaft shell 14 according to the mode that can not move vertically.The bearing 15 of compressor impeller 6a side, is provided with according to the mode that can flexibly move vertically by spring members 26 in the inner diameter hole inside that is arranged on the main shaft shell 14.Spring members 26 applies precompression according to the mode effect on the above-mentioned step surface that bearing 15 is pressed on main shaft 13 to bearing 15.
Above-mentioned pressure sensor 61～64 detects the outlet side pressure of expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, the backside pressure of this turbine rotor 7a, the input side pressure of compressor 6 and the backside pressure of compressor impeller 6a respectively.These pressure sensors 61～64 are arranged at the inside or the outside of main shaft shell 14, are provided with the lead air pressure of pipe etc. of each pressure sensor 61～64 of each air pressure that detects the position is imported path 61a～64a.
The air pressure of pressure sensor 61 imports the outlet 7d that path 61a is opened on expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, and the air pressure of pressure sensor 62 imports the inner face that path 62a is opened on the main shaft shell of facing with the back side of turbine rotor 7a 14.
The air pressure of pressure sensor 63 imports the suction inlet 6c that path 63a is opened on compressor 6, and the air pressure of pressure sensor 64 imports the inner face that path 64a is opened on the main shaft shell of facing with the back side of compressor impeller 6a 14.
In addition, the pressure sensor 61～64 at above-mentioned 4 positions both can all be provided with, and the pressure sensor 61～64 at least 1 position also can be set.
Near each pressure sensor 61～64, temperature sensor 65～68 is set respectively.The output of above-mentioned each pressure sensor 61～64 and temperature sensor 65～68 is imported among the controller 19A.
Figure 12 is the block diagram of controller 19A of the turbine unit 5 of Figure 11.Detection output P with each pressure sensor 61～64 of Figure 11
61～P
64Output T with temperature sensor 65～68
65～T
68Be input among temperature-compensation circuit 74A～74D the output P of each pressure sensor 61～64
61～P
64After carrying out the temperature revisal, be input to thrust and infer in the computing circuit 71.Infer computing circuit 71 by this thrust,, a reference value of inferring output and a reference value set mechanism 72 that acts on the thrust on the main shaft 13 is compared, its deviation is carried out computing by comparing section 75.
Above-mentioned deviation through computing is passed through PID compensating circuit 76, carries out corresponding to turbine unit 5 the suitably processing of the ratio of setting, differential, integral action.
The output of PID compensating circuit 76 is input to the electromagnet 17 that drives all directions by diode 77,78
1, 17
2 Power circuit 79,80 in.Electromagnet 17
1, 17
2Be a pair of electromagnet of facing with thrust plate 13a shown in Figure 11 17, only act on attractively, thus, determine senses of current by diode 77,78 in advance, drive 2 electromagnet 17 selectively
1, 17
2
Figure 13 represents the turbine unit 5 of the 11st embodiment.This structure is the scheme at the inside of turbine unit 5 built-in controller 19A.By constituting like this, between controller 19A and the electromagnet 17 and the cable between controller 19A and the sensor 61～68 can constitute shortly, and connection is simply, thus, from the cost aspect, be favourable, simultaneously, seek from the integrally-built compactness of sensor external Circuits System.
The example of image pattern 14 like that, be provided with in the scheme of motor 90 in the inside of turbine unit 5, because the cable between motor 90 and its controller 93 also is necessary, so as aforementioned, scheme at the inside of turbine unit built-in controller 19A is more favourable, though omit about the diagram of this point.In this occasion, motor controller 93 also is built in the inside of turbine unit 5.
Effect to such scheme describes.The turbine unit 5 of this scheme uses in the following manner, this mode is: in air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, to compress and the temperature rising by compressor 6, air by heat exchanger 8,9 coolings passes through expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, is cooled to target temperature with heat insulation expansion fashion, such as,-30 ℃～-60 ℃ extremely low temperature, with its discharge,, effectively the air that constitutes cooling medium is carried out heat exchange so that can pass through heat exchanger 8,9 (Fig. 1).
In this turbine unit 5, because compressor impeller 6a and turbine rotor 7a are installed on the common main shaft 13, by the power that produces by turbine rotor 7a, drive compression machine impeller 6a, so power source is unwanted, can cool off effectively by the scheme of compactness.
In order to ensure the compression of this turbine unit 5, the efficient of expansion, must keep gap d 1, d2 between each impeller 6a, 7a and shell 6b, the 7b with small degree.In air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, its efficient guarantees it is important.Relative this situation, because bearing 15,16 supporting spindles 13 by roller, so can to limit the axial location of main shaft 13 to a certain degree, minim gap d1, d2 between each impeller 6a, 7a and shell 6b, the 7b be kept certain by the limitation function of the axial location that rolling bearing had.
But, on the main shaft 13 of turbine unit 5, thrust is arranged by the effects such as pressure that act on the air on each impeller 6a, 7a.In addition, in the turbine unit 5 that air cooling system adopted, during 1 minute, such as, form 80,000～100,000 rotations of changeing very at a high speed.Thus, if above-mentioned thrust on rolling bearing 15,16 with rotation mode supporting spindle 13, then the long durability of bearing 15,16 reduces.
In the present embodiment, because by the above-mentioned thrust of electromagnet 17 supporting, when suppressing the increase of torque, can alleviate the thrust on the rolling bearing 15,16 of the supporting usefulness that acts on main shaft 13 in non-contacting mode.In this occasion, pressure sensor 61～64 and controller 19A are set, this pressure sensor 61～64 detects by the thrust of air effect on main shaft 13 in compressor 6 and the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, this controller 19A is corresponding to the thrust presumed value of obtaining according to the output computing of this pressure sensor 61～64, control the supporting force of above-mentioned electromagnet 17, formation can be eliminated the scheme of above-mentioned thrust, thus, on rolling bearing 15,16, do not act on for the excessive thrust of this bearing type, can use at the state that is suitable for most thrust.
Thus, keep the gap d 1, the d2 that are fit to of each impeller 6a, 7a, obtain the stable high speed rotation of main shaft 13, and the long durability of bearing 15,16 improves the life-span raising.Because the long durability of bearing 15,16 improves, thus the air cooling integral body of turbine unit 5, and then the whole reliability of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system improves.Like this, improve owing to constitute stable high speed rotation, long durability, the reliability of main shaft bearing 15,16 of turbine unit 5 of the weak link of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, so can make air cycle refrigerating/cooling system drop into practicality.
Particularly, in the present embodiment, owing to act on testing agency's adopts pressure sensor 61～64 of the thrust on the main shaft 13, so the scheme of testing agency is simple, the reliability height, and price is low.
In addition, the operational situation of the integral body of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system also impacts the air pressure in the compressor in the turbine unit 56, the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, but, owing to the pressure sensor 61～64 that detects this air pressure is set, so also can carry out the supervision of the operational situation of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system by this detected value.
Since each bearing 15,16 be arranged near the of compressor impeller 6a and turbine rotor 7a near, the two ends of main shaft 13 are supported, rotate so can carry out further stable high speed.In addition,,, more positively keep minim gap d1, the d2 of each impeller 6a, 7a, obtain more stable high speed rotation so the axial location of main shaft 13 is stable owing to provide precompressed to each bearing 15,16 that forms by rolling bearing by spring members 26.
Owing between the main shaft 13 and main shaft shell 14 of the end side of each bearing 15,16, noncontact seal 21,22 is set, so prevent to locate air is leaked into situation between compressor 6 and the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 by bearing 15,16 inside etc.Because the air pressure inside difference at the inside of compressor 6 and expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7 is bigger, thus the inside by each bearing 15,16, the face that inner ring 15a, the 16a of each bearing 15,16 and outer ring 15b, 16b and main shaft 13, main shaft shell 14 are chimeric, generation leakage of air.Such leakage of air causes the reduction of the efficient of compressor 6, expansion of vapo(u)r turbine 7, in addition, has air by the inside of passing through bearing 15,16, lubriation material drying in the bearing, if or have dust in inside air, then, make the danger of durability reduction with the internal contamination of bearing 15,16.By above-mentioned noncontact seal 21,22, prevent the stained of such efficient reduction and bearing 15,16.
According to the air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of above-mentioned the 1st～the 3rd scheme and the turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling of above-mentioned the 4th, the 5th scheme, the scheme that can constitute embodiments of the present invention is summarized as follows.
(the 6th scheme) a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it relates to any one scheme in above-mentioned the 1st scheme～the 3rd scheme, wherein, the sensor of the thrust of detection effect on above-mentioned main shaft is set; Corresponding to the output of this sensor, control the controller of the supporting force of above-mentioned electromagnet.
That is, detection also can be set, act on the sensor of the thrust on the above-mentioned main shaft by the air in above-mentioned compressor and the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine; Corresponding to the output of this sensor, control the controller of the supporting force of above-mentioned electromagnet.
By the supporting force of control electromagnet, can use the bearing of swivel bearing main shaft at the state that is suitable for most thrust, seek the further high stability of bearing, the raising of long durability, life-time dilatation, the reliability of system further improves.
(the 7th scheme) a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it relates to any one scheme in above-mentioned the 1st scheme～the 3rd scheme, and wherein, above-mentioned bearing is made of the rolling bearing of grease lubrication.
That is, the bearing that supports above-mentioned main shaft also can be rolling bearing.Best, this rolling bearing is the type of such maintenance function with the axial location between the Internal and external cycle such as deep trouth ball bearing.In addition, also can be angular contact ball bearing.
In order to ensure the compression of turbine unit, the efficient of expansion, must keep the gap between each impeller and the shell minutely.In air cooling system, this efficient guarantees it is important.Relative this situation, if the main shaft by rolling bearing supporting impeller, then by the limitation function of the axial location that rolling bearing had, the restriction main spindle's can keep the minim gap of each impeller and shell certain.Occasion at the rolling bearing of limitation function with such axial location, at a high speed the above-mentioned thrust of the bearing of rotation produce the reduction of long durability become problem, but, because by the electromagnet bearing thrust, so can guarantee the long durability of rolling bearing.Like this, realize main axial supporting,, thus, in the minim gap that keeps impeller, obtain the stable high speed rotation of main shaft by high-speed double electromagnet thrust by rolling bearing.
In addition, best, above-mentioned rolling bearing is grease lubrication.In air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, because the air that will constitute cooling medium same as before sends in the space that is cooled of freezer etc., so if carry out grease lubrication, the mist of oil etc. that then has lubricating oil will cool off air-polluting danger.Owing to carry out grease lubrication, so the pollution problems of such air that is cooled reduces.
(the 8th scheme) a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it relates to any one scheme in above-mentioned the 1st scheme～the 3rd scheme, and wherein, near the Stationary side above-mentioned bearing is provided with the sensor of the thrust of detection effect on above-mentioned main shaft.
(the 9th scheme) a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it relates to any one scheme in above-mentioned the 1st scheme～the 3rd scheme, wherein, above-mentioned compressor impeller and turbine rotor are arranged at the two ends of main shaft, and above-mentioned bearing and above-mentioned electromagnet are arranged between the above-mentioned compressor impeller and turbine rotor of main shaft shell.
That is, also two ends that the compressor impeller and the turbine rotor of turbine unit can be arranged at main shaft are between the bearing of the above-mentioned main shaft of supporting and above-mentioned compressor impeller and turbine rotor that electromagnet is arranged at the main shaft shell.Owing to can shorten main axis length, can obtain further stable high speed rotation by between compressor impeller and turbine rotor, critical piece being set.
(the 10th scheme) a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it relates to above-mentioned the 9th scheme, wherein, between the periphery of above-mentioned main shaft and above-mentioned compressor impeller and near the bearing it between the main shaft shell, and at least one between turbine rotor and near the bearing it is provided with the noncontact seal.
That is, the occasion of bearing can be set also in both sides, between near the bearing the above-mentioned compressor impeller between the periphery of main shaft and the main shaft shell and its, and between turbine rotor and near the bearing it at least one, the noncontact seal is set.
By the noncontact seal is set, prevent because of the draught head in compressor inside and the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine, air is in each bearing and the contact-making surface of these bearings and the main shaft shell situation of leaking, realize turbine unit efficient keep, prevent bearing pass through that air causes stained, the drying of lubriation material.
(the 11st scheme) a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it relates to above-mentioned the 10th scheme, wherein, is provided as the labyrinth with a plurality of circumferential grooves of noncontact seal.
(the 12nd scheme) a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it relates to any one party case in above-mentioned the 1st～the 3rd scheme, wherein, be provided with and flow into the air of above-mentioned compressor, or by above-mentioned compressor compression, air by another cools down, the perhaps tempering air importing path of the periphery of the above-mentioned bearing of air guide by the heat insulation expansion of above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine.
That is, also can be provided with will be by above-mentioned compressor compression, air by another cools down, or the cooling air importing path of the periphery of the above-mentioned bearing of air guide by the heat insulation expansion of above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine.
Import path by this cooling air is set, by rotation at a high speed, the temperature that is in the bearing of high temperature rises and can suppress raisings such as bearing life, grease life-span by simple proposal.
(the 13rd scheme) a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it relates to above-mentioned the 12nd scheme, wherein, is provided with and flows out to the outflow pathway of the inlet portion of above-mentioned compressor with import the lead cooling air of periphery of above-mentioned bearing of path from above-mentioned cooling air.
That is, also can import path from above-mentioned cooling air in that the occasion that above-mentioned cooling air imports path is set, the cooling air of the periphery of orienting roll dynamic bearing flows out to the outflow pathway of the inlet portion of above-mentioned compressor.
By this outflow pathway is set, it is good to flowing of the air of bearing to import path from the cooling air, and the cooling effect of bearing improves.
(the 14th scheme) a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it relates to above-mentioned the 6th scheme, and wherein, above-mentioned controller is installed on the main shaft shell.
That is, above-mentioned controller also can be installed on the main shaft shell.
Can be by above-mentioned controller be installed on the main shaft shell, being connected of electromagnet, sensor and controller is simple, system compact.
(the 15th scheme) a kind of air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it relates to above-mentioned the 14th scheme, and wherein, controller comprises power line or order wire with outside being connected.
That is, above-mentioned controller and outside be connected also can be according to power line being set or the order wire mode constitutes.Carry out the control and the supervision of above-mentioned turbine unit easily from the outside, can carry out stable system acting.
(the 16th scheme) a kind of turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling, it relates to the above-mentioned the 4th or the 5th scheme, and above-mentioned air pressure is measured mechanism and detected in the backside pressure of the input side pressure of the backside pressure of the outlet side pressure of above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine, above-mentioned turbine rotor, above-mentioned compressor and above-mentioned compressor impeller at least one.
That is, above-mentioned air pressure is measured mechanism and is detected in the backside pressure of the input side pressure of the backside pressure of the outlet side pressure of above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine, above-mentioned turbine rotor, above-mentioned compressor and above-mentioned compressor impeller at least one.
If detect the air pressure arbitrarily of each part mentioned above, but the thrust of detection effect on main shaft then.
(the 17th scheme) a kind of turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling, it relates to the above-mentioned the 4th or the 5th scheme, wherein, a plurality of air pressures are set measure mechanism, this mechanism measures backside pressure whole of the input side pressure of backside pressure, above-mentioned compressor of the outlet side pressure of above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine, above-mentioned turbine rotor and above-mentioned compressor impeller.
Promptly, also can be provided as above-mentioned air pressure and measure a plurality of air pressures of mechanism and measure mechanism, it measures backside pressure whole of the input side pressure of backside pressure, above-mentioned compressor of the outlet side pressure of above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine, above-mentioned turbine rotor and above-mentioned compressor impeller.
Can be by measuring the air pressure at these 4 positions, act on thrust on the main shaft with good accuracy detection.
(the 18th scheme) a kind of turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling, it relates to the above-mentioned the 4th or the 5th scheme, wherein, a plurality of air pressure testing agency is set, thrust is set infers arithmetical organ, this thrust is inferred the output that these a plurality of air pressures of arithmetical organ basis are measured mechanism, and the presumed value that acts on the thrust on the above-mentioned main shaft is carried out computing.
Promptly, also can measure the occasion of mechanism in the air pressure of the air pressure at a plurality of positions in the backside pressure of the input side pressure of the backside pressure that the outlet side pressure that detects above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine, above-mentioned turbine rotor are set, above-mentioned compressor and above-mentioned compressor impeller, be provided with and measure the thrust that the output of mechanism carries out computing to the presumed value that acts on the thrust on the main shaft according to a plurality of air pressures and infer arithmetical organ.
Can carry out computing to the presumed value that acts on the thrust on the main shaft by measure the output of mechanism according to a plurality of air pressures, be suitable for the sensor output of the control of thrust with good precision acquisition.
(the 19th scheme) a kind of turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling, it relates to the above-mentioned the 4th or the 5th scheme, wherein, above-mentioned air pressure measure mechanism near temperature sensor is set, output by this temperature sensor is set, above-mentioned air pressure is measured the temperature correcting mechanism that revisal is carried out in the output of mechanism.
That is, also can above-mentioned air pressure measure mechanism near temperature sensor is set, the output by this temperature sensor is set, above-mentioned air pressure is measured the temperature correcting mechanism that revisal is carried out in the output of mechanism.
Because the variations in temperature of the each several part of turbine unit so by temperature sensor is set, air pressure is measured the measured value of mechanism and carried out revisal, is carried out the precision good detection.Since temperature sensor be arranged at air pressure measure mechanism near, so can carry out more high-precision temperature revisal.
(the 20th scheme) a kind of turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling, it relates to above-mentioned the 18th scheme, wherein, is provided with corresponding to the presumed value that acts on the thrust on the above-mentioned main shaft, controls the controller of the supporting force of above-mentioned electromagnet.
(the 21st scheme) a kind of turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling, it relates to the above-mentioned the 4th or the 5th scheme, wherein, the output of measuring mechanism corresponding to above-mentioned air pressure is set, control the controller of the supporting force of above-mentioned electromagnet, this controller is installed on the main shaft shell.
That is, the output of measuring mechanism corresponding to above-mentioned air pressure can be set also, control that above-mentioned electromagnet produces the controller of supporting force.
Supporting force by the control electromagnet, can use the rolling bearing of rotation supports main shaft at the state that is suitable for most thrust, seek raising, the life-time dilatation of further high stability, the long durability of rolling bearing, the stability of system further improves.
In addition, controller also can be installed on the main shaft shell.
By above-mentioned controller is installed on the main shaft shell, being connected of electromagnet and controller is simple, but system's densification.
Claims (5)
1. air cycle refrigerating/cooling system, it is to flowing into air, and compress and carry out heat insulation expansion by the compressor in the turbine unit by the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine in the above-mentioned turbine unit,
In above-mentioned turbine unit, the turbine rotor of the compressor impeller of above-mentioned compressor and above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine is installed on the two ends of common main shaft, the bearing that rotatably supports above-mentioned main shaft is set between the above-mentioned compressor impeller and above-mentioned turbine rotor of the main shaft shell that holds above-mentioned main shaft, bear part or all of the thrust that acts on this main shaft by electromagnet, between the periphery and above-mentioned compressor impeller between the main shaft shell and near the described bearing it of above-mentioned main shaft, and between near the described bearing turbine rotor and its at least one noncontact seal is set, above-mentioned bearing is the rolling bearing of the relative radial support of above-mentioned main shaft
Inside at above-mentioned main shaft shell, setting makes near the bearing cooling air the bearing of air flow above-mentioned compressor side of inlet portion of above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine import path, and the outflow pathway that near the air that makes the bearing that imports to the above-mentioned compressor side flows out to the entrance side of above-mentioned compressor is set in the inside of above-mentioned main shaft.
2. air cycle refrigerating/cooling system according to claim 1, it is to flowing into air, compress, cool off, compress, cool off, carry out heat insulation expansion by compressing mechanism in advance successively by the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine in the above-mentioned turbine unit by another heat exchanger by the compressor in the above-mentioned turbine unit by heat exchanger, the power of above-mentioned turbine unit by being produced by above-mentioned turbine rotor drives the above-mentioned compressor impeller.
3. air cycle refrigerating/cooling system according to claim 1, it is to flowing into air, compress, cool off, cool off, carry out heat insulation expansion by the compressor in the above-mentioned turbine unit successively by the expansion of vapo(u)r turbine in the above-mentioned turbine unit by other heat exchanger by heat exchanger
In above-mentioned turbine unit, motor rotor is installed on the above-mentioned main shaft, and the magnetic force by the motor stator faced from above-mentioned motor rotor makes above-mentioned main axis rotation, thus, drives the above-mentioned compressor impeller.
4. turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that the described air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of claim 2 is adopted, wherein:
Be provided with air pressure and measure mechanism, the air pressure of at least one in its mensuration above-mentioned compressor and the above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine.
5. turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration cooling that the described air cycle refrigerating/cooling system of claim 3 is adopted, wherein:
Be provided with air pressure and measure mechanism, the air pressure of at least one in its mensuration above-mentioned compressor and the above-mentioned expansion of vapo(u)r turbine.
Applications Claiming Priority (5)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP239464/2005 | 2005-08-22 | ||
| JP2005239464A JP5042479B2 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2005-08-22 | Air cycle refrigeration cooling system |
| JP240560/2005 | 2005-08-23 | ||
| JP2005240560A JP2007056710A (en) | 2005-08-23 | 2005-08-23 | Turbine unit for air cycle refrigeration and cooling |
| PCT/JP2006/315821 WO2007023684A1 (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-10 | Air cycle refrigerating/cooling system and turbine unit used therefor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101243295A CN101243295A (en) | 2008-08-13 |
| CN101243295B true CN101243295B (en) | 2010-05-19 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2006800304142A Expired - Fee Related CN101243295B (en) | 2005-08-22 | 2006-08-10 | Air cycle refrigerating/cooling system and turbine unit used therefor |
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| JP (1) | JP5042479B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101243295B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104806644B (en) * | 2014-01-23 | 2017-06-20 | 珠海格力电器股份有限公司 | Auxiliary supporting structure for magnetic suspension shafting and magnetic suspension centrifugal compressor |
| CN107429954B (en) * | 2015-05-01 | 2020-05-26 | 株式会社前川制作所 | Refrigerator and method for operating refrigerator |
| US20230031560A1 (en) * | 2019-12-23 | 2023-02-02 | Panasonic Intellectual Property Management Co., Ltd. | Rotating machine and refrigeration device using same |
| CN113790086B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2024-06-25 | 华能南京金陵发电有限公司 | Cooling water system for steam turbine |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86100495A (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1986-10-01 | 斯克弗·诺瓦有限公司 | A kind of equipment that has thrust-bearing |
| JP2000121184A (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-04-28 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | Air refrigerant chiller |
| CN1405457A (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-03-26 | 成都希望电子研究所 | Centrifugal refrigeration compressing apparatus |
| CN1410732A (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2003-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Electromagnetic suspending air expanding absorption type refrigeration method and its refrigerating air conditioner set |
Family Cites Families (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP2759232B2 (en) * | 1991-04-26 | 1998-05-28 | セイコー精機株式会社 | Bearing device |
| JP2623202B2 (en) * | 1993-01-08 | 1997-06-25 | 鹿島建設株式会社 | Pneumatic refrigeration cycle device |
| JPH0791760A (en) * | 1993-09-17 | 1995-04-04 | Hitachi Ltd | Magnetic bearing-type turbine compressor |
| JPH07259855A (en) * | 1994-03-17 | 1995-10-09 | Hitachi Ltd | Gas bearing turbine with thrust balance chamber |
| GB2298901A (en) * | 1995-03-17 | 1996-09-18 | Aisin Seiki | Gas turbine engine axial thrust balancing |
| JPH09291832A (en) * | 1996-04-26 | 1997-11-11 | Toshiba Corp | Liquefied hydrogen producing device utilizing combined cycle |
| JP3369977B2 (en) * | 1998-09-18 | 2003-01-20 | 三洋電機株式会社 | Air cycle type cooling device and scroll fluid machine |
| JP2003222141A (en) * | 2002-01-30 | 2003-08-08 | Nsk Ltd | Rolling bearing |
| JP2003232366A (en) * | 2002-02-06 | 2003-08-22 | Nsk Ltd | Roller bearing and grease supplemental device |
| JP2004183614A (en) * | 2002-12-05 | 2004-07-02 | Mitsubishi Heavy Ind Ltd | Rotary machine |
-
2005
- 2005-08-22 JP JP2005239464A patent/JP5042479B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
-
2006
- 2006-08-10 CN CN2006800304142A patent/CN101243295B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN86100495A (en) * | 1985-02-04 | 1986-10-01 | 斯克弗·诺瓦有限公司 | A kind of equipment that has thrust-bearing |
| JP2000121184A (en) * | 1998-10-16 | 2000-04-28 | Nhk Spring Co Ltd | Air refrigerant chiller |
| CN1405457A (en) * | 2001-09-20 | 2003-03-26 | 成都希望电子研究所 | Centrifugal refrigeration compressing apparatus |
| CN1410732A (en) * | 2002-07-15 | 2003-04-16 | 西安交通大学 | Electromagnetic suspending air expanding absorption type refrigeration method and its refrigerating air conditioner set |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2007057109A (en) | 2007-03-08 |
| CN101243295A (en) | 2008-08-13 |
| JP5042479B2 (en) | 2012-10-03 |
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