CN101240536A

CN101240536A - Bottom-expanding pile-forming method for immersed tube club-footed pile

Info

Publication number: CN101240536A
Application number: CNA2007101614369A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 王国奋
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2006-09-26
Filing date: 2006-09-26
Publication date: 2008-08-13

Abstract

The invention discloses construction pile engineering and construction method, especially bottom expanding and pile forming method for sinking-pipe bottom expanded piles, comprising following steps: the whole sinking tube penetrating a soft soil layer to a hard soil layer of the designed elevation; taking out the metal pile head, putting into emulsible oil or AN-TNT explosive through the sinking tube mouth, and removing the articles blocking the sinking tube mouth after explosion is completed; taking out the broken soil by using an air soil suction device; sinking the sinking tube, activating the machine to expand the bottom; taking out the soil by using the air soil suction device; disposing the steel bar into the base cavity and hammering same into hard soil, disposing the concrete into a long barrel, disposing the long barrel into the bottom of the sinking tube, sinking the prefab concrete pile body and anchoring same with the cement paste base which is poured on site is anchored integrally by inserted steel bars at the bottom of the pile body; pulling out the sinking tube and then the pile is constructed. According to the invention, the expanded bottom has a regular geometric figure, soil is taken out cleanly, no granule soil is left, efficiency thereof is high, bearing capacity of a single pile is enhanced effectively, pile engineer quality is ensured, construction cost is decreased, material intensity utilization is enhanced, the pile works at a status which is the most economic, and the construction safety is enhanced.

Description

At the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method

The application is that application number is: 200610047891.1, and the applying date is: on September 26th, 2006, denomination of invention is: at the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, the dividing an application of piling method.

Technical field

At the bottom of the present invention relates to the expansion of a kind of building pile foundation engineering and job practices, particularly ram-expanded pile, piling method.

Background technology

The quality of well-known building foundation engineering quality plays crucial effects for the influence of structural quality, so each unit in charge of construction not only payes attention to the construction quality of superstructure, and more pays attention to the quality of Foundation Design.And drop into scientific research strength and tap the latent power to pile foundation engineering, make it in the utilization rate of guaranteeing to improve under the prerequisite of workmanship the strength of materials, calculate as can be known as passing through, the bearing capacity of pile tip of solid pile design has only utilized about 20% of strength of the mixing pile, for safety, each state has all stipulated safety factor, and the national regulation that has is 1.5, China is defined as 2, thereby the engineering quantity on the visible working drawing has half to set for security consideration.Occur in succession for the expanded bore pile that improves bearing capacity of single pile, composite foundation stake etc. for these reasons, although this bearing capacity of single pile than traditional foundation pile is significantly improved, but because traditional pile foundation engineering form of construction work is with manually bit by bit cutting the earth, fetch earth and dig pile body soil, and for prevent that landslide from digging next section of certain depth immersed tube downwards thereupon, when waiting to dig design elevation, the people is sling, expand the end with traditional bottom-expanding equipment again, and be positioned on the hardpan, hang out after the moulding and directly water the concrete pile after bottom-expanding equipment fetches earth.Thereby also there are following many shortcomings not fully up to expectations in visible traditional pile foundation construction and piling method:

1, the pile body part soil body is with manually diging up, and working face is too big, and the workload that fetches earth obviously increases, and efficient is low;

2, bottom-expanding equipment is not owing to there is immersed tube to do support, and the location is inaccurate, and the base expanded-angle is too little, and each parameter that expands in the end process can not guarantee, thereby makes the quality of stake be not easy control, and is difficult to reach designing requirement, causes the bearing capacity of single pile to be had a greatly reduced quality;

3, have constructor's potential safety hazard, the constructor does not note just being prone to accidents slightly;

4, the scope of application is narrow, not only is not suitable for the minor diameter pile body and expands the end, nor can be used for expanding the end and pile under precast pile and the high complicated geological situation;

5, the diffusing native sediment of graininess that expands in the end cavity is unclean clearly, and the serious harmful effect of bearing capacity generation to stake based on above-mentioned situation, for improving bearing capacity of single pile, reduces the Foundation Design cost, must be improved.

Summary of the invention

The present invention is directed to the problem that above-mentioned technology exists, all kinds of pile bodies that are applicable to various building safety grades, geological condition are provided, guarantee the pile foundation engineering quality, obviously improve bearing capacity of single pile, improve the strength of materials and utilization rate, stake worked under the economical rationality state, ram-expanded pile expands the end, piling method safely and efficiently.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, at the bottom of the present invention is achieved in that the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the mark that the detent rail pin of bottom-expanding equipment is aimed on the immersed tube mouth are lowered to immersed tube, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when reaching, construction stops automatically after design is marked deeply, base cavity pocket is formed on the bottom, expands the work of undercutting sharpener this moment and reaches when designing base diameter, and promptly power rail reaches predetermined number of revolutions, expand end shoveling and finish, bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air again and fetch earth, when only surplus a small amount of loosing during soil in the base, from immersed tube mouth pouring, pouring limit, limit sops up, and is clean up to fetching earth; F, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will make the concrete base in the base cavity by cast-in-place notes of immersed tube mouth, be lowered to the precast reinforced concrete pile body and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral by its bottom joint bar at the good concrete of floor manufacture; G, extract the immersed tube pile.

At the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, throw away discrete object, cut the earth with bottom-expanding equipment and expand the bottom application worker, when proceeding to midway, inhale and proceed to expand end shoveling after indigenous equipment carries out fetching earth second time again till reaching designing requirement base cavity pocket type with air from the immersed tube mouth; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air again and fetch earth for the third time, until soil is got clean till; F, usefulness have the video camera of light source and check in base cavity pocket whether its quality reaches designing requirement, and record by imaging is filed; G, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, pour quantitative Cast-in-place concrete into from the immersed tube mouth and form the Cast-in-place concrete base, put into the joint bar of prestressing force precast hollow pile body by its bottom and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral; H, extract the immersed tube pile.

At the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the first segment immersed tube that will have a metal pile head are pressed in the soil body, with the second joint immersed tube and on the upper end of first segment immersed tube is threaded, immersed tube are depressed on the design elevation hardpan again; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the mark that the detent rail pin of bottom-expanding equipment is aimed on the immersed tube mouth are lowered to immersed tube, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when reaching, construction stops automatically after design is marked deeply, base cavity pocket is formed on the bottom, expands the work of undercutting sharpener this moment and reaches when designing base diameter, and promptly power rail reaches predetermined number of revolutions, expand end shoveling and finish, bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and carry out second time soil taking, clean up to fetching earth; F, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will make the concrete base in the base cavity by cast-in-place notes of immersed tube mouth, be lowered to the precast reinforced concrete pile body and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral by its bottom joint bar at the good concrete of floor manufacture; G, along the inboard grout injection of immersed tube mouth, while pour into first segment and second is saved immersed tube and extracts pile.

At the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the first segment immersed tube that will have a metal pile head are pressed in the soil body, with the second joint immersed tube and on the upper end of first segment immersed tube is threaded, immersed tube are depressed on the design elevation hardpan again; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, throw away discrete object, cut the earth with bottom-expanding equipment and expand the bottom application worker from the immersed tube mouth, vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, expand the end and cut the earth till reaching designing requirement base cavity pocket type; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth, until fetch earth clean till; F, usefulness have the video camera of light source and check in base cavity pocket whether its quality reaches designing requirement, and record by imaging is filed; G, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, pour quantitative Cast-in-place concrete into from the immersed tube mouth and form the Cast-in-place concrete base, put into the joint bar of prestressing force precast hollow pile body by its bottom and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral; H, along the inboard grout injection of immersed tube mouth, while pouring into immersed tube is extracted pile.

At the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the mark that the detent rail pin of bottom-expanding equipment is aimed on the immersed tube mouth are lowered to immersed tube, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when reaching, construction stops automatically after design is marked deeply, base cavity pocket is formed on the bottom, expands the work of undercutting sharpener this moment and reaches when designing base diameter, and promptly power rail reaches predetermined number of revolutions, expand end shoveling and finish, bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth, when only surplus a small amount of loosing during soil in the base, from immersed tube mouth pouring, pouring limit, limit sops up, and is clean up to fetching earth; F, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will be in the good quantitative concrete of floor manufacture be packed long bucket into, be put into the immersed tube bottom from the immersed tube mouth, when being located at the iron staff contact pan soil of bucket bottom, the bucket bottom door is backed down, concrete in it falls into base cavity pocket and forms cast-in-situ base, is lowered to the precast reinforced concrete pile body and docks anchoring by its bottom joint bar with the Cast-in-place concrete base to be integral; G, extract the immersed tube pile.

At the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the first segment immersed tube that will have a metal pile head are pressed in the soil body, with the second joint immersed tube and on the upper end of first segment immersed tube is threaded, immersed tube are depressed on the design elevation hardpan again; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, throw away discrete object, cut the earth with bottom-expanding equipment and expand the bottom application worker, when proceeding to midway, inhale and proceed to expand end shoveling after indigenous equipment carries out fetching earth second time again till reaching designing requirement base cavity pocket type with air from the immersed tube mouth; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and carry out three times and fetch earth, until soil is got clean till; F, usefulness have the video camera of light source and check in base cavity pocket whether its quality reaches designing requirement, and record by imaging is filed; G, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will be in the good quantitative concrete of floor manufacture be packed long bucket into, be put into the immersed tube bottom from the immersed tube mouth, when being located at the iron staff contact pan soil of bucket bottom, the bucket bottom door is backed down, concrete in it falls into base cavity pocket and forms cast-in-situ base, puts into the joint bar of prestressing force precast hollow pile body by its bottom and docks anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral; H, extract first segment and second the joint immersed tube, grout injection pile in the slit then.

At the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the mark that the detent rail pin of bottom-expanding equipment is aimed on the immersed tube mouth are lowered to immersed tube, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when reaching, construction stops automatically after design is marked deeply, base cavity pocket is formed on the bottom, expands the work of undercutting sharpener this moment and reaches when designing base diameter, and promptly power rail reaches predetermined number of revolutions, expand end shoveling and finish, bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth, when only surplus a small amount of loosing during soil in the base, from immersed tube mouth pouring, pouring limit, limit sops up, and is clean up to fetching earth; F, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will be in the good quantitative concrete of floor manufacture be packed long bucket into, be put into the immersed tube bottom from the immersed tube mouth, when being located at the iron staff contact pan soil of bucket bottom, the bucket bottom door is backed down, concrete in it falls into base cavity pocket and forms cast-in-situ base, is lowered to the precast reinforced concrete pile body and docks anchoring by its bottom joint bar with the Cast-in-place concrete base to be integral; G, behind the inboard grout injection of immersed tube mouth, extract the immersed tube pile.

At the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, throw away discrete object, cut the earth with bottom-expanding equipment and expand the bottom application worker, when proceeding to midway, inhale and proceed to expand end shoveling after indigenous equipment carries out fetching earth second time again till reaching designing requirement base cavity pocket type with air from the immersed tube mouth; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth for the third time, until fetch earth clean till; G, usefulness have the video camera of light source and check in base cavity pocket whether its quality reaches designing requirement, and record by imaging is filed; G, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will be in the good concrete of floor manufacture be packed long bucket into, be put into the immersed tube bottom from the immersed tube mouth, when being located at the iron staff contact pan soil of bucket bottom, the bucket bottom door is backed down, concrete in it falls into base cavity pocket and forms cast-in-situ base, puts into the joint bar of prestressing force precast hollow pile body by its bottom and docks anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral; H, behind the inboard grout injection of immersed tube mouth, extract the immersed tube pile.

At the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the first segment immersed tube that will have a metal pile head are pressed in the soil body, with the second joint immersed tube and on the upper end of first segment immersed tube is threaded, immersed tube are depressed on the design elevation hardpan again; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the mark that the detent rail pin of bottom-expanding equipment is aimed on the immersed tube mouth are lowered to immersed tube, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when reaching, construction stops automatically after design is marked deeply, base cavity pocket is formed on the bottom, expands the work of undercutting sharpener this moment and reaches when designing base diameter, and promptly power rail reaches predetermined number of revolutions, expand end shoveling and finish, bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth, when only surplus a small amount of loosing during soil in the base, from immersed tube mouth pouring, pouring limit, limit sops up, up to soil is got clean till; F, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, to pour in the base cavity pocket along the immersed tube mouth at the good thick cement paste of floor manufacture, again stone is poured into and made the sand concrete free base in the base cavity pocket, be lowered to the precast reinforced concrete pile body and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral by its bottom joint bar; G, behind the inboard grout injection of immersed tube mouth, extract the first segment and the second joint immersed tube pile.

At the bottom of a kind of expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, throw away discrete object, cut the earth with bottom-expanding equipment and expand the bottom application worker, when proceeding to midway, inhale and proceed to expand end shoveling after indigenous equipment carries out fetching earth second time again till reaching designing requirement base cavity pocket type with air from the immersed tube mouth; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth for the third time, until soil is got clean till; F, usefulness have the video camera of light source and check in base cavity pocket whether its quality reaches designing requirement, and record by imaging is filed; G, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, to pour in the base cavity pocket along the immersed tube mouth at the good thick cement paste of floor manufacture, again stone is poured into and made the sand concrete free base in the base cavity pocket, put into the joint bar of prestressing force precast hollow pile body by its bottom and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral; H, extract the immersed tube pile.

Advantage of the present invention and effect are as follows:

The present invention compared with prior art, owing to utilized immersed tube with metal pile head, bottom-expanding equipment, air is inhaled indigenous equipment and is done a series of technical measures such as wet mixing conjunction soil and precast pile, and the advanced production technology of employing, there is process simply advanced through evidence, expand chamber, end regular geometry, clean no graininess loosened soil fetches earth, needn't get pile body chamber soil, the efficient height, the ratio range that expands bottom face diameter and pile body cross section is big, effectively improve bearing capacity of single pile, and reach designing requirement, and guarantee the pile foundation engineering quality, reduce building costs, improve strength of materials utilization rate, stake is worked under most economical state; The scope of application is wide simultaneously, adopt the pile body and corresponding base-enlarging method, the plant equipment that are complementary with it to replace manually-operated according to building safety grade and different geological conditions, not only improve operating efficiency, shortened the construction period, but also obviously reduced the earth volume of cutting the earth, improved working security, accident potential appears in minimizing.And adopt video camera to check in base cavity pocket whether its construction quality reaches designing requirement with light source, and record by imaging is filed, in time adjusting job practices and material therefor when promptly pinpointing the problems adopts remedial measures, construction quality is guaranteed, and the underground construction situation can be allowed the ground handling personnel in time grasp.The present invention is easy to realize.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the main TV structure schematic diagram that air is inhaled indigenous equipment.

Fig. 2 is the main TV structure schematic diagram of bottom-expanding equipment of the present invention.

Fig. 3 is the B-B sectional structure schematic diagram of Fig. 1.

Among the figure, 1, soil sucking head; 2, flexible pipe; 3, contain the soil bucket; 4, soil-containing bucket cap; 5, power line; 6, inhale native passage; 7, battery; 8, bracing frame; 9, negative pressure source, 12, the iron pin; 13, alignment pin; 14, overcoat; 15, draw-in groove; 16, column; 17, gear shaft; 18, gear; 19, pinion; 111, metal closures; 112, gear; 113, pinion; 114, Upper shaft sleeve; 115, spring; 117, power rail; 118, horizontal location pin; 119, go up fixed disk; 121, Lower shaft sleeve; 122, support link; 123, axis; 124, vertical cut cutter; 125, expand the undercutting sharpener; 127, spring; 129, horizontal pin; 130, spring; 131, screw; 132, spacer pin; 133, lower fixed disk; 141,142, strengthen fixed head; 150, knife rest cross bar; 152, defining flange.

The specific embodiment

All equipment has the indigenous equipment of suction and bottom-expanding equipment at the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile of the present invention, in the piling method, and the concrete structure to equipment is described in detail as follows below:

Air is inhaled indigenous equipment: master's TV structure schematic diagram of the present invention as shown in Figure 1, containing soil bucket 3 is through the welding processing moulding by steel plate, for making them under normal conditions can all hacks that are absorbed into from base of splendid attire, do the volume of containing the staving of soil bucket 3 enough big, contain the suction soil passage 6 that is provided with a rigid tubular in the soil bucket 3, the end that Sheng soil bucket 3 is passed in the lower end, link to each other with the upper end of flexible pipe 2, the lower end of flexible pipe 2 links to each other with soil sucking head 1, inhale native passage 6 upper ends and extend to the top of containing soil bucket 3, and fixed with at least one bracing frame 8, fall into smoothly in the Sheng soil bucket 3 for ease of the hack that sucks, inhale the upper end of native passage 6 and make the elbow shape, soil-containing bucket cap 4 spiral-locks are in the upper end of containing soil bucket 3 and keep airtight, the powerful negative pressure source of being located in the soil-containing bucket cap 49 has the structure similar to vacuum cleaner, battery 7 is connected with negative pressure source 9, and for negative pressure source 9 provides electric energy, battery 7 also is arranged in the soil-containing bucket cap 4.Negative pressure source 9 can also link to each other with power supply by the power line 5 that is wrapped on iron chains or the wire rope simultaneously.The suction side of described soil sucking head 1 is any one in rigid circular, elbow bend, in-line and the flat; Flexible pipe 2 be in flexible metal conduit and the bellows any one; Negative pressure source 9 also can link to each other with the inlet end of air compressor.When the present invention uses, the borrow equipment of slinging is put into immersed tube up to the bottom, when starting working soil sucking head 1 contact hack for last power supply negative pressure source 9, powerful air-flow passes through flexible pipe 2 with near the soil body rapidly, inhaling native passage 6 is inhaled in the Sheng soil bucket 3, equipment begins to promote repeatedly decline, be accompanied by and do 360 degree rotations back and forth, when pushing up ground, flexible pipe 2 can bending put in the base cavity pocket, soil sucking head 1 is done the circumference rolling during equipment rotation in base cavity pocket, unite use rear base hack repeatedly from described two kinds of actions and will be blotted only, for the very big base of base diameter, after sopping up most of soil body, water filling in the immersed tube sopped up mud then in the past.Powered-down hangs out borrow equipment after the exhaustion, outwells a barrel interior inhalation (inhalatio), prepares operation next time.

Bottom-expanding equipment: as shown in Figures 2 and 3 be that bottom-expanding equipment structure of the present invention is as follows: the last fixed disk 119 of frame and lower fixed disk 133, between the two by it being fused along circumferentially uniform four or two or eight or more root posts 16, top, the middle part also is provided with at least two reinforcement fixed heads 141,142, be the upper end that the pyramidal metal closures 111 of round platform is set in Upper shaft sleeve 114, and place the center of fixed disk 119, bottom is provided with support spring 115, the power rail 117 that the upper end of Upper shaft sleeve 114 links to each other with power source links to each other, the lower end of Upper shaft sleeve 114 places on the lower plywood of strengthening fixed head 141, its outer rolling bearing that is provided with, the upper end that gear 112 is installed in the bottom axis 123 of Upper shaft sleeve puts in the Upper shaft sleeve 114 and the projection on both sides, upper end is entered in the corresponding slideway of Upper shaft sleeve, the upper semisection of axis 123 is a screw rod, the lower semisection cross section is a square or scarce limit circle, Lower shaft sleeve 121 is sleeved on the Lower Half of axis 123, overcoat 14 is sleeved on Lower shaft sleeve 121 outsides, the lower end of axis 123 is passed the lower fixed disk 33 of frame in turn, knife rest cross bar 150 links to each other with vertical cut cutter 124 upper ends, the lower fixed disk 133 that frame is passed in the lower end of Lower shaft sleeve 121 is fixedlyed connected with knife rest cross bar 150, the two ends of knife rest cross bar 150 are hinged with an end that expands undercutting sharpener 125, one end of support link 122 is hinged with the middle part of expanding undercutting sharpener 125, and the both sides, top of the other end and vertical cut cutter 124 are hinged; The described gear 112 that is installed in Upper shaft sleeve 114 bottoms is meshed with the pinion 19 of gear shaft 17 upper ends, and the pinion 113 of coaxial lower end is meshed with internal thread gear 18 on the axis 123; The described fixed disk 119 interior edges of going up circumferentially are laid with four horizontal location pins 118, and the outer end is exposed the side face tail end and is provided with spring; The both sides of described lower fixed disk 133 are arranged with the alignment pin 13 that can be complementary with immersed tube bottom locating slot, the inner of its pin is provided with spring 127, on spacer pin 132 is arranged, the outer end is provided with the iron pin 12 on band inclined-plane, top, to be provided with three be that effect is better for equidistant for iron pin 12.And radially being provided with the horizontal pin 129 that can put in the draw-in groove 15 wide on Lower shaft sleeve 121 perisporiums being vertical central part with it, afterbody has spring 130 with screw 131 location, also is provided with the handle that it is pulled out on the horizontal pin 129.Described axis 123 is provided with defining flange 152 at the position of knife rest cross bar 150 following certain distances.Defining flange 152 is two flanges, is fixed in the both sides of axis 123.The circle flange that defining flange 152 also can be provided with for the excircle of Yanzhong axle 123.Distance between defining flange 152 and the knife rest cross bar 150 is provided with according to requirement of engineering, and defining flange 152 should guarantee to expand undercutting sharpener 125 and spend less than 145 with the angle of axis 123.The power source of present device is the motor that can change anyway.When equipment of the present invention uses, power rail 117 is mentioned, equipment is aimed at the immersed tube mouth, and the mark that iron pin 12 is aimed on the immersed tube mouth, this mark is to aim at the immersed tube locating slot at bottom, afterwards equipment is put into immersed tube, this moment, spring 127 was compressed, and iron pin 12 presses closer the immersed tube inwall and slides downwards, directly enters the channel opening place, slip in the groove, iron pin 12 is positioned fixing.This moment, its total weight was depressed metal closures 11 1, and four horizontal location pins 118 are pushed outwards to be gone out, and presses closer the immersed tube inwall, and the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning.When the power rail 117 of machining this moment turns clockwise, gear 18 puts in axis 123 downwards, vertical cut cutter 124 clockwise rotates vertically thereupon the bottom pan soil is reamed, and stops automatically after dark when reaching mark, and this moment, horizontal pin 129 stretched in the draw-in groove 15 on Lower shaft sleeve 121 perisporiums; Power rail 117 rotates counterclockwise, axis 123 begins to promote, support link 122 with outside open when will expand undercutting sharpener 125 and get out pan soil reamed, reach the design base diameter, be after power rail 117 reaches the regulation rotating speed, expand end shoveling and finish that the defining flange 152 of axis 123 lower ends contacts with knife rest cross bar 150 and stops to open at this moment, power rail 117 is rotated further a few, because the draw-in groove 15 on the Lower shaft sleeve 121 has suitable width, after a bit of distance of whole knife rest vertical-lift, stop after promptly arriving the regulation revolution, then power rail 117 counter-rotatings, the knife rest rotation is drawn in, and its gathering process is pulverized the soil body, certainly does so repeatedly, enough pulverized until the soil body, after action was finished, power rail 117 promoted, and horizontal location pin 118 moves to the center, bundle is removed in the upper end, iron pin 12 skids off in groove, and equipment is hung out ground, with handle horizontal pin 129 is pulled out draw-in groove 15, knife rest recovers the original shape that draws in, prepares to cut the earth next time.

Embodiment one: a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass the weak soil layer and are sink to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the upper end bottom-expanding equipment is located by frame and immersed tube, the mark that lower end detent rail pin is aimed on the immersed tube mouth is lowered to immersed tube, the detent rail pin enters in the locating slot of immersed tube bottom smoothly, the power rail of machining after equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning, equipment expands the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when promptly turning clockwise, advance downwards, the work of vertical cut cutter, automatically stop after design is marked deeply when reaching, this moment, horizontal pin goed deep in the draw-in groove on Lower shaft sleeve week arm, power rail is done and is rotated counterclockwise, axis begins to promote, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, support link with outside open to drive expand the undercutting sharpener, expand gradually pan soil reamed and reach design during base diameter, be that power rail expands the end when reaching the regulation rotating speed and cuts the earth and finish, this moment, axis lower end defining flange just in time contact with the knife rest cross bar, made to expand bed plate and stop outer, then power rail counter-rotating, knife rest draws in also to be pulverized the soil body simultaneously, finishes and expands end shoveling, and bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, fetching earth inhaling indigenous equipment with air, when only surplus a small amount of loosing during soil in the base, forming the dead angle for having prevented the residual particles shape soil that looses, having piled up, this moment, soil was inhaled on pouring limit, limit from immersed tube mouth pouring, until blot clean till; F, radial reinforcing bar put into expand end cavity and hammer into pan soil, existing pour concrete forms base, puts into the precast reinforced concrete pile body and dock anchoring by its bottom joint bar with the Cast-in-place concrete base to be integral; G, extract the immersed tube pile.

Embodiment two: a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, throw away discrete object downwards from the immersed tube mouth, discrete object is that quicklime or French chalk are beneficial to inhale soil, expanding the end with bottom-expanding equipment cuts the earth, when base diameter is big, increase the bite resistance for preventing that hack from piling up, inhale indigenous equipment with air midway and carry out proceeding to expand end shoveling again till reaching designing requirement base cavity type after secondary is inhaled soil; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air again and fetch earth for the third time, until soil is got clean till; F, usefulness have the video camera of light source and check in base cavity pocket whether its quality reaches designing requirement, and record by imaging is filed; G, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, pour quantitative Cast-in-place concrete into from the immersed tube mouth and form the Cast-in-place concrete base, put into the joint bar of prestressing force precast hollow pile body by its bottom and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral; H, extract the immersed tube pile.

Embodiment three: at the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method is as follows: a, the first segment immersed tube that will have a metal pile head are pressed in the soil body, with the second joint immersed tube and on the upper end of first segment immersed tube is threaded, immersed tube are depressed on the design elevation hardpan again; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the mark that the detent rail pin of bottom-expanding equipment is aimed on the immersed tube mouth are lowered to immersed tube, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when reaching, construction stops automatically after design is marked deeply, base cavity pocket is formed on the bottom, expands the work of undercutting sharpener this moment and reaches when designing base diameter, and promptly power rail reaches predetermined number of revolutions, expand end shoveling and finish, bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth, clean up to fetching earth; F, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will make the concrete base in the base cavity by cast-in-place notes of immersed tube mouth, be lowered to the precast reinforced concrete pile body and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral by its bottom joint bar at the good concrete of floor manufacture; G, along the inboard grout injection of immersed tube mouth, while pour into first segment and second is saved immersed tube and extracts pile.

Embodiment four: a, the first segment immersed tube that will have a metal pile head are pressed in the soil body, with the second joint immersed tube and on the upper end of first segment immersed tube is threaded, immersed tube are depressed on the design elevation hardpan again; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, throw away discrete object, cut the earth with bottom-expanding equipment and expand the bottom application worker from the immersed tube mouth, vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, expand the end and cut the earth till reaching designing requirement base cavity pocket type; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth, until fetch earth clean till; F, usefulness have the video camera of light source and check in base cavity pocket whether its quality reaches designing requirement, and record by imaging is filed; G, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, pour quantitative Cast-in-place concrete into from the immersed tube mouth and form the Cast-in-place concrete base, put into the joint bar of prestressing force precast hollow pile body by its bottom and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral; H, along the inboard grout injection of immersed tube mouth, while pouring into immersed tube is extracted pile.

Embodiment five: at the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method, a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the mark that the detent rail pin of bottom-expanding equipment is aimed on the immersed tube mouth are lowered to immersed tube, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when reaching, construction stops automatically after design is marked deeply, base cavity pocket is formed on the bottom, expands the work of undercutting sharpener this moment and reaches when designing base diameter, and promptly power rail reaches predetermined number of revolutions, expand end shoveling and finish, bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth, when only surplus a small amount of loosing during soil in the base, from immersed tube mouth pouring, pouring limit, limit sops up, and is clean up to fetching earth; F, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will be in the good quantitative concrete of floor manufacture be packed long bucket into, be put into the immersed tube bottom from the immersed tube mouth, when being located at the iron staff contact pan soil of bucket bottom, the bucket bottom door is backed down, concrete in it falls into base cavity pocket and forms cast-in-situ base, is lowered to the precast reinforced concrete pile body and docks anchoring by its bottom joint bar with the Cast-in-place concrete base to be integral; G, extract the immersed tube pile.

Embodiment six: at the bottom of a kind of expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method: a, the first segment immersed tube that will have a metal pile head be pressed in the soil body, with the second joint immersed tube and on the upper end of first segment immersed tube is threaded, immersed tube is depressed on the design elevation hardpan again; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, throw away discrete object, cut the earth with bottom-expanding equipment and expand the bottom application worker, when proceeding to midway, inhale and proceed to expand end shoveling after indigenous equipment carries out fetching earth second time again till reaching designing requirement base cavity pocket type with air from the immersed tube mouth; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and carry out three times and fetch earth, until soil is got clean till; F, usefulness have the video camera of light source and check in base cavity pocket whether its quality reaches designing requirement, and record by imaging is filed; G, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will be in the good quantitative concrete of floor manufacture be packed long bucket into, be put into the immersed tube bottom from the immersed tube mouth, when being located at the iron staff contact pan soil of bucket bottom, the bucket bottom door is backed down, concrete in it falls into base cavity pocket and forms cast-in-situ base, puts into the joint bar of prestressing force precast hollow pile body by its bottom and docks anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral; H, extract first segment and second the joint immersed tube, grout injection pile in the slit then.

Embodiment seven: at the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method, a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the mark that the detent rail pin of bottom-expanding equipment is aimed on the immersed tube mouth are lowered to immersed tube, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when reaching, construction stops automatically after design is marked deeply, base cavity pocket is formed on the bottom, expands the work of undercutting sharpener this moment and reaches when designing base diameter, and promptly power rail reaches predetermined number of revolutions, expand end shoveling and finish, bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth, when only surplus a small amount of loosing during soil in the base, from immersed tube mouth pouring, pouring limit, limit sops up, and is clean up to fetching earth; F, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will be in the good quantitative concrete of floor manufacture be packed long bucket into, be put into the immersed tube bottom from the immersed tube mouth, when being located at the iron staff contact pan soil of bucket bottom, the bucket bottom door is backed down, concrete in it falls into base cavity pocket and forms cast-in-situ base, is lowered to the precast reinforced concrete pile body and docks anchoring by its bottom joint bar with the Cast-in-place concrete base to be integral; G, behind the inboard grout injection of immersed tube mouth, extract the immersed tube pile.

Embodiment eight: at the bottom of a kind of expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method, a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, throw away discrete object, cut the earth with bottom-expanding equipment and expand the bottom application worker, when proceeding to midway, inhale and proceed to expand end shoveling after indigenous equipment carries out fetching earth second time again till reaching designing requirement base cavity pocket type with air from the immersed tube mouth; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth for the third time, until fetch earth clean till; F, usefulness have the video camera of light source and check in base cavity pocket whether its quality reaches designing requirement, and record by imaging is filed; G, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will be in the good concrete of floor manufacture be packed long bucket into, be put into the immersed tube bottom from the immersed tube mouth, when being located at the iron staff contact pan soil of bucket bottom, the bucket bottom door is backed down, concrete in it falls into base cavity pocket and forms cast-in-situ base, puts into the joint bar of prestressing force precast hollow pile body by its bottom and docks anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral; H, behind the inboard grout injection of immersed tube mouth, extract the immersed tube pile.

Embodiment nine: at the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method: a, the first segment immersed tube that will have a metal pile head be pressed in the soil body, with the second joint immersed tube and on the upper end of first segment immersed tube is threaded, immersed tube is depressed on the design elevation hardpan again; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the mark that the detent rail pin of bottom-expanding equipment is aimed on the immersed tube mouth are lowered to immersed tube, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when reaching, construction stops automatically after design is marked deeply, base cavity pocket is formed on the bottom, expands the work of undercutting sharpener this moment and reaches when designing base diameter, and promptly power rail reaches predetermined number of revolutions, expand end shoveling and finish, bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth, when only surplus a small amount of loosing during soil in the base, from immersed tube mouth pouring, pouring limit, limit sops up, up to soil is got clean till; F, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, to pour in the base cavity pocket along the immersed tube mouth at the good thick cement paste of floor manufacture, again stone is poured into and made the sand concrete free base in the base cavity pocket, be lowered to the precast reinforced concrete pile body and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral by its bottom joint bar; G, behind the inboard grout injection of immersed tube mouth, extract the first segment and the second joint immersed tube pile.

Embodiment ten: at the bottom of a kind of expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method, a, the whole immersed tube that will have a metal pile head pass weak soil and are laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, throw away discrete object, cut the earth with bottom-expanding equipment and expand the bottom application worker, when proceeding to midway, inhale and proceed to expand end shoveling after indigenous equipment carries out fetching earth second time again till reaching designing requirement base cavity pocket type with air from the immersed tube mouth; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth for the third time, until soil is got clean till; F, usefulness have the video camera of light source and check in base cavity pocket whether its quality reaches designing requirement, and record by imaging is filed; G, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, to pour in the base cavity pocket along the immersed tube mouth at the good thick cement paste of floor manufacture, again stone is poured into and made the sand concrete free base in the base cavity pocket, put into the joint bar of prestressing force precast hollow pile body by its bottom and dock anchoring with the Cast-in-place concrete base and be integral; H, extract the immersed tube pile.

Discrete object described in the embodiment is a kind of in quicklime or the French chalk or with the mixture of any ratio.

The article of sealing the immersed tube mouth described in the embodiment one to ten are article such as iron plate.

Method of the present invention can be built according to different safety class, geological condition and adopt pile body and the base-enlarging method that is complementary with it, the scope of application is wide, in addition by the video camera imaging inspection record, make and cannot see impalpable construction quality and can intuitively see, and the quality problems of existence can in time be corrected, and then guarantee that workmanship reaches designing requirement, under the prerequisite of guaranteeing quality, reduce safety factor, improving strength of materials utilization rate provides foundation.

Immersed tube described in the embodiment three, four, six, nine also can be divided into the 3-5 joint, and job practices promptly repeats a step and can realize.

Claims

1, at the bottom of the expansion of ram-expanded pile, piling method, the whole immersed tube that comprise the steps: a, will have a metal pile head passes weak soil and is laminated to the design elevation hardpan; B, taking-up metal pile head are put into oil emulsion or tnt explosive from the immersed tube mouth, every 0.5m ³Consumption is the 1-5 kilogram, seals the immersed tube mouth behind the ignition charge, treat that explosive charge is finished after, open the article of sealing the immersed tube mouth; C, inhale indigenous equipment with air hack is taken out; D, the mark that the detent rail pin of bottom-expanding equipment is aimed on the immersed tube mouth are lowered to immersed tube, start equipment after the equipment upper end is also fixedly positioning and expand the end, expand the end and be vertical earlier expand the end again level expand the end, when reaching, construction stops automatically after design is marked deeply, base cavity pocket is formed on the bottom, expands the work of undercutting sharpener this moment and reaches when designing base diameter, and promptly power rail reaches predetermined number of revolutions, expand end shoveling and finish, bottom-expanding equipment is hung out ground; E, inhale indigenous equipment with air and fetch earth, when only surplus a small amount of loosing during soil in the base, from immersed tube mouth pouring, pouring limit, limit sops up, and is clean up to fetching earth; F, radial reinforcing bar is put into base cavity pocket and hammered into pan soil, will be in the good quantitative concrete of floor manufacture be packed long bucket into, be put into the immersed tube bottom from the immersed tube mouth, when being located at the iron staff contact pan soil of bucket bottom, the bucket bottom door is backed down, concrete in it falls into base cavity pocket and forms cast-in-situ base, is lowered to the precast reinforced concrete pile body and docks anchoring by its bottom joint bar with the Cast-in-place concrete base to be integral; G, extract the immersed tube pile.