CN101238271B - 一种控制从储层流入生产管的流动的方法 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明涉及仅仅在每个筛管段之下的特定段穿孔的基管的使用。入流穿过可选择的外罩，然后穿过筛管材料，进入筛管材料和未穿孔基管之间的环形空间。在那个环形空间纵向穿行之后，流动必须穿过限流装置，该限流装置优选地包括在也是未穿孔的基管外部限定的通道内的多孔介质。在通过特定筛管段的多孔介质之后，流动可以通过基管的开口。围绕环优选地在下入和膨胀过程中保护多孔介质，并也可选择地产生附加的流动阻力以与多孔介质协同工作。也设想了其它的代替多孔介质的流动限制技术。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及一种控制从储层流入生产管的流动的方法，用于控制从储层到生产油管的流入，以便从生产储层的不同部分更加均匀地开采。
背景技术
环空流动，尤其会在储层中的长的水平层中导致不受欢迎的流入生产油管的非均匀流动，并且助长了出砂以及随之而产生的腐蚀，这不利地影响了井下设备，例如筛管。为了防止这种由筛管段外部周围的环流导致的非均匀流入的趋势，在过去已经尝试的是向各个筛管段增加流动控制机构，以使过去常常是更靠近筛管组件的上端(井上方向)或尾端的大部分流动改道，通常流动更靠近上端或尾端是因为上端或尾端代表了阻力最小的通道。本质上，该问题的解决方案涉及对筛管段的重新配置，以便在每个筛管段的流动可以穿过筛管材料，然后进入筛管与在筛管段没有穿孔的基管之间限定的环形空间。在穿过那个区域后，在到达基管的孔之前流动将通过曲折的通道。筛管的每段可具有这种内在的阻力形式，以便筛管的组件总的来说将在生产层带的整个长度上平衡来自储层的流动。为了阐述这种方案，参考BakerHughes Incorporated of Houston，Texas销售的EqualizerTM筛管，这种方案详细地描述在Jody Augustine的题为“An Investigation of theEconomic Benefit of Inflow Control Devices on Horizontal WellCompletions Using a Reservoir-Wellbore Coupled Model”(“利用油藏-井筒耦合模型对水平井完井的流入控制装置的经济效益研究”)的SPE论文78293中。美国专利3,450,207；5,435,393和6,112,815也与这个概念有关。在使用这些装置时，通常对环形空间进行砾石充填，以控制环空流动性质并限制不受欢迎的出砂。
最近，已经确立了井下胀管的概念，并且膨胀筛管以减小周围环空的尺寸，同时着眼于消除砾石充填的需要。尤其在长的水平层，对砾石分布存在担心，并且理想的是筛管膨胀作为消除那些担心的方式，这是通过减小在具有割缝衬管的裸眼井中筛管周围的环形空间尺寸而实现的。
但是，尽管结合了膨胀技术，仍然存在与从储层通过筛管进入生产油管的环空流动和非均匀流动相关的问题。已知流动平衡装置的独特构造并没有形成可顺从膨胀的组件。因此，本发明针对的是这样一种组件，它可以顺从膨胀，同时还提供把来自储层的流动均匀地分配入生产管柱的能力。通过下面对优选实施例的详细描述、附图和权利要求，本领域技术人员将更容易理解本发明的这些和其它特征。
发明内容
本发明涉及仅仅在每个筛管段之下的特定段穿孔的基管的使用。入流穿过可选择的外罩，然后穿过筛管材料，进入筛管材料和未穿孔基管之间的环形空间。在那个环形空间纵向穿行之后，流动必须穿过限流装置，其优选地包括在未射孔基管的外部限定的通道内的多孔介质。在通过特定筛管段中的多孔介质之后，流动可以通过基管的开口。围绕环优选地在下入和膨胀过程中保护多孔介质，并也可选择地产生附加的流动阻力，以与多孔介质协同工作。还构思了其它的代替多孔介质的流动限制技术。
根据本发明的一个方面，提供了一种控制从储层流入生产管的流动的方法，包括：定位具有与生产储层相邻的多个开口的管子；把多个非重叠的纵向间隔的流动调节装置与所述多个开口联合在一起；在与所述开口相邻的区域膨胀所述管子，在膨胀所述管子之后，使从储层通过所述多个开口进入所述管子的流动平衡。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：在至少一个所述开口上提供外部结构。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：沿着所述管子的外部并向着至少一个所述开口引导流动通过提供流动阻力的通道。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：把多孔介质用作至少一个所述流动调节装置，以限制流动从所述管子外部通过至少一个所述开口。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：提供筛管组件，以限定筛管与管子外部之间的至少一个环空流道；把至少一个所述流动调节装置放入所述筛管组件和至少一个所述开口之间的所述流道内。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：采用外部结构，以限定通向至少一个所述开口的流道。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：从所述管子外部的相对方向向至少一个所述开口引导流动。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：由跨越至少一个所述开口的连续的L形环形成所述外部结构。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：在至少一个所述环和所述管子之间放置至少一个所述流动调节装置。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：在所述通道中放置多孔介质以用作所述流动调节装置。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：利用所述流动调节装置来过滤从中通过的流体。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：在所述流动被引导到至少一个所述流动调节装置之前引导流动通过所述筛管组件中的分立的筛管。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：采用金属或非金属多孔织物作为至少一个所述流动调节装置。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：在所述筛管上提供外部保护套。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：利用用作至少一个所述流动调节装置的多孔介质来从所述管子支撑所述环。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：提供筛管组件，以限定在筛管与管子外部之间的至少一个环空流道；在所述筛管组件和至少一个所述开口之间的所述流道内放置所述流动调节装置。
在一个实施例中，所述方法包括：在所述筛管组件中提供多个筛管，每一个筛管都具有所述调节装置，以提供不同的流动阻力，以使向所述筛管的流动平衡。
附图说明
附图1是本发明优选实施例的截面示意图；
附图2是采用本发明的筛管段的截面图；
附图3是筛管应用的一个可供选择的实施例；
附图4是利用包含本发明的膨胀筛管组件的水平完井的截面图。
具体实施方式
参见附图1和2，本发明的优选实施例包括成多段形式的基管10，附图2所示为单个段。一个或多个开口12优选地位于基管10的上(井上方向)端部14。外部结构16覆盖开口12，以建立用于流动的入口18，该流动已进入附图2所示位于筛管22下面的环空20中。在一个实施例中，通过金属或非金属的多孔介质24，例如织物、棒或珠子，它们被填充成层或烧结以建立流动限制，从而提供了流入开口12的阻力。虽然介质24可以过滤已经通过筛管22的颗粒，但其实质是流动阻力，以允许平衡来自附图4所示的生产层带26的流动，其中堆叠的筛管段28在近水平层带中延伸。
附图2中的箭头30表示从基管10内部的通道32内膨胀。可以利用任何已知的技术进行膨胀，例如固定的或可调节的胀管器、芯子的两个密封件之间的膨胀式施加压力或带有固定或可调节滚子的滚子胀开器。在优选的实施例中，在膨胀过程中使得外部表面非常接近裸眼井。即使在膨胀过程中外部表面34接触到井壁或周围的管子，多孔介质在膨胀基管10时对压溃也具有一些阻力。在每个筛管段中对流动的阻力不需要相同。与越向井下的筛管段28相比，越向并上方向的筛管段可能提供越多的阻力，以抵消越向井上方向形成的最少阻力的通道，其中在越向井下方向的筛管段28那里对进入和流到地面有更大的阻力。
如附图1所示，本发明可以没有任何筛管而使用。它可以只是一系列开口12，每个这样的开口12联合有流动限制装置(其对应于附图标记24)，包括外部结构16以助于保持限制装置和/或增加带有入口18的环空通道，其中，取决于期望的流量和入口18的横截面积，入口18本身可以用作流动限制装置。可替代地，仅仅一些开口可使用流动限制装置和外部结构16。通过调节开口12的尺寸，使较小尺寸的在向井上方向，而较大尺寸的在向井下方向，就可实现进一步的流动平衡。流动限制装置可用作用于通过筛管22的微粒的过滤器，尽管流动限制装置主要的功能是提供压降以平衡筛管段之间的流动。
附图3表示了筛管段的替代实施例，其显示了具有穿孔区域38和40的外套36，穿孔区域38和40分别通向筛管42和44。基管46在筛管42和44下没有穿孔，以便流动在环形空间48内纵向移动，直到从相对方向到达开口50。外套36是可选择的。
外部结构16可以采取多种形式。其目的之一是产生通向开口12的流道。另一个用途是在下入或膨胀过程中容纳或保护多孔介质24。有利地，多孔介质24应该在膨胀过程中耐压溃。
本发明可以用于平衡产自层带的油气或水的流动，不论该层带是竖直、水平或介于二者之间。通过确保更加均匀的生产和进一步通过采用顺从膨胀的结构，本发明进一步减少了环空窜流，并可在一些情况中消除砾石充填的需要，同时提供了更好的对层带开采的方式，以便从中开采最多的油气。能够实现的均匀流动还将减少腐蚀并减少从层带中产出的其它固体或液体，这些固体或液体会取代来自层带的期望流体。
上面的描述是优选实施例的阐述，本领域技术人员可以进行许多改变而不偏离本发明，本发明范围是由下面权利要求的字面范围和等同范围确定的。
Claims (19)
1.一种控制从储层流入生产管的流动的方法，包括：
定位具有与生产储层相邻的多个开口的管子；
把多个非重叠的纵向间隔的流动调节装置与所述多个开口联合在一起；
在与所述开口相邻的区域膨胀所述管子，在膨胀所述管子之后，使从储层通过所述多个开口进入所述管子的流动平衡。
2.如权利要求1所述的方法，包括：
在至少一个所述开口上提供外部结构。
3.如权利要求1所述的方法，包括：
沿着所述管子的外部并向着至少一个所述开口引导流动通过提供流动阻力的通道。
4.如权利要求1所述的方法，包括：
把多孔介质用作至少一个所述流动调节装置，以限制流动从所述管子外部通过至少一个所述开口。
5.如权利要求1所述的方法，包括：
提供筛管组件，以限定筛管与管子外部之间的至少一个环空流道；
把至少一个所述流动调节装置放入所述筛管组件和至少一个所述开口之间的所述流道内。
6.如权利要求1所述的方法，包括：
采用外部结构，以限定通向至少一个所述开口的流道。
7.如权利要求1所述的方法，包括：
从所述管子外部的相对方向向至少一个所述开口引导流动。
8.如权利要求2所述的方法，包括：
由跨越至少一个所述开口的连续的L形环形成所述外部结构。
9.如权利要求8所述的方法，包括：
在至少一个所述环和所述管子之间放置至少一个所述流动调节装置。
10.如权利要求3所述的方法，包括：
在所述通道中放置多孔介质以用作所述流动调节装置。
11.如权利要求10所述的方法，包括：
利用所述流动调节装置来过滤从中通过的流体。
12.如权利要求5所述的方法，包括：
在所述流动被引导到至少一个所述流动调节装置之前引导流动通过所述筛管组件中的分立的筛管。
13.如权利要求12所述的方法，包括：
采用金属或非金属多孔织物作为至少一个所述流动调节装置。
14.如权利要求13所述的方法，包括：
在所述筛管上提供外部保护套。
15.如权利要求9所述的方法，包括：
由所述管子利用用作至少一个所述流动调节装置的多孔介质来支撑所述环。
16.如权利要求9所述的方法，包括：
提供筛管组件，以限定在筛管与管子外部之间的至少一个环空流道；
在所述筛管组件和至少一个所述开口之间的所述流道内放置至少一个所述流动调节装置。
17.如权利要求10所述的方法，包括：
提供筛管组件，以限定在筛管与管子外部之间的至少一个环空流道；
在所述筛管组件和至少一个所述开口之间的所述流道内放置所述流动调节装置。
18.如权利要求16所述的方法，包括：
在所述筛管组件中提供多个筛管，每一个筛管都具有所述调节装置，以提供不同的流动阻力，以使向所述筛管的流动平衡。
19.如权利要求17所述的方法，包括：
在所述筛管组件中提供多个筛管，每一个筛管都具有所述调节装置，以提供不同的流动阻力，以使向所述筛管的流动平衡。
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/142,160 | 2005-06-01 | ||
| US11/142,160 US7413022B2 (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2005-06-01 | Expandable flow control device |
| PCT/US2006/021222 WO2006130748A1 (en) | 2005-06-01 | 2006-06-01 | Expandable flow control device |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101238271A CN101238271A (zh) | 2008-08-06 |
| CN101238271B true CN101238271B (zh) | 2013-06-19 |
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| CN (1) | CN101238271B (zh) |
| AU (1) | AU2006252488B2 (zh) |
| CA (1) | CA2610501C (zh) |
| GB (1) | GB2441684B (zh) |
| NO (1) | NO340302B1 (zh) |
| RU (1) | RU2407883C2 (zh) |
| WO (1) | WO2006130748A1 (zh) |
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- 2006-06-01 CA CA2610501A patent/CA2610501C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-06-01 WO PCT/US2006/021222 patent/WO2006130748A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-06-01 CN CN2006800232750A patent/CN101238271B/zh not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2006-06-01 AU AU2006252488A patent/AU2006252488B2/en not_active Ceased
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2007
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| NO340302B1 (no) | 2017-03-27 |
| GB2441684A (en) | 2008-03-12 |
| RU2007147931A (ru) | 2009-07-20 |
| CN101238271A (zh) | 2008-08-06 |
| NO20076256L (no) | 2007-12-18 |
| US20060272814A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
| RU2407883C2 (ru) | 2010-12-27 |
| US7413022B2 (en) | 2008-08-19 |
| GB2441684B (en) | 2009-01-28 |
| CA2610501A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
| CA2610501C (en) | 2012-01-03 |
| GB0723532D0 (en) | 2008-01-09 |
| AU2006252488B2 (en) | 2010-12-09 |
| AU2006252488A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
| WO2006130748A1 (en) | 2006-12-07 |
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