CN101237267A - Multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method in wireless sensor network - Google Patents
Multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method in wireless sensor network Download PDFInfo
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- CN101237267A CN101237267A CNA2008100600537A CN200810060053A CN101237267A CN 101237267 A CN101237267 A CN 101237267A CN A2008100600537 A CNA2008100600537 A CN A2008100600537A CN 200810060053 A CN200810060053 A CN 200810060053A CN 101237267 A CN101237267 A CN 101237267A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a multiple transmission node collaborative beam forming method applied to a wireless sensor network, comprising collaborative work of main transmission nodes and collaborative transmission nodes through two steps of collaborative establishment and collaborative transmission. The nodes which participate in collaborative transmission during the process of collaborative establishment are determined, and a beam forming vector is distributed for each node; each transmission node acquires the beam forming vector and transmitted data during the process of collaborative transmission and then collaborative transmission is performed. The multiple transmission node collaborative beam forming method performs collaborative transmission through a plurality of nodes to obtain maximum diversity gain and strengthen the reliability of the network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of radio sensing network, relate in particular to multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method wherein.
Background technology
Along with the develop rapidly of the communication technology, embedded computing technique and sensor technology and increasingly mature, the wireless sensor node with perception, computing capability and communication capacity begins to occur, and has caused people's very big concern.This wireless sensor node constitutes various environment or the monitoring target information in wireless sense network perception in phase, collection and the processing network's coverage area, and is distributed to the user who needs these information.Wireless sense network merges information world in logic with real physical world, profoundly changed the interactive mode of man and nature; Can be widely used in numerous areas such as military affairs, industrial or agricultural control, biologic medical, environmental monitoring.
In the design of most radio sensing network, each sensor node all is that single antenna and single node work alone.The emitter of each node comprises channel encoder, baseband modulator, and shaping filter, radio-frequency modulator is seen Fig. 1.
Described channel encoder is encoded to the information of sensor senses, adds some redundant information, and the influence with antagonism channel fading in the wireless transmission process is corrected in the error code that causes in the transmission course.Utilize the error detection function in the chnnel coding algorithm simultaneously, the error code in the transmission course is detected, and offer the reference of upper-layer protocol when handling.For the structure of channel encoder, select according to the design of wireless sense network, can select convolution coder for use, also can elect the RS encoder as.Convolution coder has stronger error-correcting performance, but also needs to introduce bigger redundant data, can't provide error detection function simultaneously.The error correcting capability of RS encoder relatively a little less than, but the redundant data of introducing is also less, and the function of error detection can also be provided simultaneously.
Described baseband modulator is then modulated according to selected modulation system.Common have QPSK or an OQPSK etc.With OQPSK is example, and modulator comprises a serial-parallel converter and one 1/2 cycle delayer composition.By serial-parallel converter, the data flow of channel encoder input is divided into the IQ two-way by the order of odd even, odd indexed on the I road, the even number sequence number on the Q road.1/2 cycle delayer links to each other with the Q road output port of serial-parallel converter, the data of Q road output were delayed time for 1/2 cycle, the time I and the staggered half period of data symbol on Q road, thereby the saltus steps of 180 degree are arranged on the symbol phase of avoiding modulating.
Described forming filter forms filtering to the I of baseband modulator and the data of Q road output.Because baseband modulator output is square-wave signal, and abundant harmonic components is arranged, the outer harmonic signal of its band can cause serious disturbance to closing on the user who communicates by letter on the frequency range when such signal was directly exported; On the other hand, the spectrum efficiency that obtains during square-wave signal output is lower, has only every hertz of 1 baud, therefore need form filtering to the signal of I and the output of Q road.It is 0.35 raised cosine window filter that forming filter is selected coefficient for use.The signal bandwidth of passing through filtering like this is 1.35 times of signal sampling rate, and promptly spectrum efficiency is every hertz of 1.48 baud, can effectively suppress the outer harmonic wave of band of output signal simultaneously.
Described radio-frequency modulator is by a local oscillator generator, a phase shifter, an in-phase modulator, a quadrature modulator and a mixer.Local oscillator generator provides the local oscillation signal of wireless transmission, and the local oscillation signal one tunnel that local oscillator generator produces is directly imported in-phase modulator, and phase shifter is sent on another road.Phase shifter carries out 90 ° of phase shifts to the local oscillation signal of input, obtains a local oscillation signal with former local oscillator signal in orthogonal, and sends into quadrature modulator.In-phase modulator links to each other with local oscillation signal with the I road output of baseband modulator, and the signal that the I road is exported is modulated on the local oscillation signal.Quadrature modulator links to each other with the output of phase shifter with the Q road output of baseband modulator, and the signal that the Q road is exported is modulated on the local oscillation signal of quadrature.Mixer links to each other with quadrature modulator with in-phase modulator, and the output of two modulators is combined into one the tunnel.
The working method of above-mentioned this single antenna single node is not owing to there is diversity gain, and energy efficiency is lower, is not best working method obviously in the wireless sense network of energy constraint, is not suitable for using.On the other hand, sensor node is all laid at random, consider that channel fading between some node and the leader cluster node may especially severe and cause the information of its perception to pass back, cause the inefficacy of node, therefore sensor node is intensive laying, improves the reliability of network by the redundancy that increases sensor node.Do like this that on the one hand deployment cost is higher, sensor node is laid intensive meeting and is caused the information redundance of a plurality of node perceived higher on the other hand, and information transmission efficiency is lower.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method that is applied in the wireless sense network.
All be the problem that energy efficiency is lower, deployment cost is higher and information transmission efficiency is lower that the working method of single antenna is brought because of each sensor node in the design of the existing radio sensing network that the present invention will solve.
Technical scheme of the present invention is: main transmitting node and collaborative transmitting node carry out collaborative work by collaborative foundation and two steps of collaborative emission, wherein work in coordination with and set up the node of determining to participate in collaborative emission in the process, and be beam shaping coefficient of each node distribution; Each transmitting node obtains the data of beam shaping coefficient and emission in the collaborative emission process, and works in coordination with emission.
The collaborative transmitting node of node conduct that main transmitting node closes on by calling, and carry out the beam shaping vector according to the channel fading coefficient between each transmitting node and the receiving node and calculate, be that each transmitting node distributes a beam shaping coefficient.Each transmitting node adopts traditional single antenna working method, adjusts amplitude and the phase place that transmits according to the beam shaping coefficient that main transmitting node distributes.By adjusting the amplitude that each transmitting node transmits, whole collaborative transmitter unit is keeping obtaining best energy distribution under the constant condition of total transmitting power between each transmitting node; By adjusting the phase place that each transmitting node transmits.Under the collaborative work mode, the signal strength signal intensity that receiving node receives is determined to the channel fading receiving node by each transmitting node, thereby guarantee node and receiving node between fading ratio than also have under the serious situation and receiving node between communication link reliably, improve the reliability of network.
In order to satisfy the demand of many transmission collaborative beam formings, the present invention also provides a kind of sensor node transmitting device, is used to construct main transmitting node and collaborative transmitting node.The sensor node transmitting device comprises a channel estimator at least, a beam shaping vector computer, a channel encoder, a baseband modulator, a shaping filter, a signal weighting device and a radio-frequency modulator.Channel encoder wherein, baseband modulator, identical in the shaping filter, the structure of radio-frequency modulator and existing sensors node, just no longer describe in detail here.Channel estimator is then estimated according to the training symbol that inserts in the signal.Each collaborative transmitting node that beam shaping vector computer basis is collected and the channel response between the receiving node are according to formula
Calculate, wherein h
iIt is the channel fading coefficient between i collaborative transmitting node and the receiving node.The signal weighting device is then with the channel weights coefficient of distribution and the signal multiplication of transmission, to offset the rotation of channel fading on signal phase.The signal of receiving at receiving node can be expressed as like this
The signal indication that contrast single antenna pattern receives is R=h
iS receives signal quality and the decision of current channel fading coefficient, and the average energy that receives under the collaborative work mode as can be seen is N times under the single antenna working method.
In addition, each node all has the ability of the data that receive being carried out the demodulation sign indicating number, and this is identical with traditional sensor node, is not just listing here.
In sum, by the collaborative emission of a plurality of nodes, and be that each cooperative nodes distributes a beam shaping coefficient, keeping under the constant situation of total transmitting power, adjust energy distribution between transmitting node by adjusting amplitude that each node transmits, and obtain maximum diversity gain by adjusting the phase place that each transmitting node transmits.Simultaneously, launch by multi-node collaborative, the signal strength signal intensity that receiving node receives is by the channel fading coefficient between all transmitting nodes and receiving node decision, thereby guarantees to have a reliable communication link between each node and the receiving node, strengthened the reliability of network.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is an existing sensors node emitter structure chart.
Fig. 2 is a coordinated wave bundle shaping of multi-transmission node work exemplary plot of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is many transmission nodes cooperative working process figure of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a main transmitting node emitter structure chart of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a collaborative transmitting node emitter structure chart of the present invention.
Embodiment
The present invention is further illustrated below in conjunction with drawings and Examples.
Radio sensing network shown in Fig. 2, it comprises main transmitting node, collaborative transmitting node and receiving node not shown and collaboratively transmit and receive irrelevant sensor node.As shown in Figure 2, distance is very near between main transmitting node and 4 the collaborative transmitting nodes, thereby guarantees between main transmitting node and the collaborative transmitting node reliable communication link is arranged; All transmitting node and the distance between the receiving node are far away, thereby can give full play to the advantage of collaborative emission.
Described main transmitting node and collaborative transmitting node be the master slave relation in a specific collaborative work just, this relation may will change in collaborative work next time, promptly all nodes all may also may conduct be worked in coordination with transmitting node work as main transmitting node work, therefore each node all is identical on hardware, just in different mode of operations each module concern difference.Each node all comprises a channel estimator at least, a beam shaping vector computer, a channel encoder, a baseband modulator, a shaping filter, a signal weighting device and a radio-frequency modulator.
Main transmitting node hardware of the present invention sees also Fig. 4.The channel estimator of this node is estimated channel according to the signal of receiving node emission, and the channel fading coefficient that estimates is exported.The beam shaping vector computer is collected the channel fading coefficient that this node channel estimator estimates and the channel fading coefficient of cooperative nodes feedback, and according to formula
Carry out the beam shaping vector and calculate, the beam shaping coefficient of this node and each cooperative nodes, in order to offset the influence of channel fading on signal phase, guarantee that the signal of each transmitting node of receiving at receiving node is a homophase.The beam shaping coefficient of this node is directly used in the weights of update signal weighter, the beam shaping coefficient of cooperative nodes is then passed to each cooperative nodes by transmitter with the data of emission, the signal weighting device carries out complex multiplication with the complex signal and the weights of the output of two-way shaping filter, and the amplitude and the phase place of output signal are adjusted.
The hardware of collaborative transmitting node sees also Fig. 5.The channel estimator of this node estimates to channel that according to the signal of receiving node emission the channel fading coefficient that estimates feeds back to main transmitting node by transmitter with collaborative confirmation signal.Wait for that then main transmitting node distributes beam shaping coefficient and data, receive the beam shaping coefficient that main transmitting node sends after, just the weights in the signal weighting device are upgraded.
Main transmitting node described here and collaborative transmitting node all have separates the ability of deciphering that is in harmonious proportion to data, can intercom mutually between each node.
Fig. 3 shows the process of coordinated wave bundle shaping of multi-transmission node, sets up and two steps of collaborative emission comprising collaborative.Set up in the process collaborative, collaborative calling signal of the initiation node broadcasts of emission, each sensor node determines whether participating in collaborative emission according to the signal strength signal intensity that receives.When the signal that receives is enough strong, in the time of can guaranteeing and initiate to have stable communication link between the node, participate in collaborative emission, and feed back a collaborative confirmation signal; Otherwise do not participate in, and do not do any reaction.Each node is encapsulated in the channel fading coefficient between itself and the receiving node and sends to the initiation node in the confirmation signal when sending collaborative confirmation signal.Initiate node and judge that according to the collaborative confirmation signal that receives which node participates in working in coordination with, and the channel fading coefficient of all nodes is collected.
In collaborative emission process, it is an amount of that each cooperative nodes that the initiation node basis of emission is collected and the channel fading coefficient calculations between receiving node go out beam shaping, and its data with emission are distributed to each cooperative nodes.Each cooperative nodes is received the weights of update signal weighter behind the beam shaping vector of distribution, and works in coordination with emission with initiating node.
In sum, by a plurality of transmission node coordinative wave bundle shapings, can guarantee that the signal of each collaborative transmitting node emission is a homophase in the receiving node position, the result of stack is the addition of each transmitting node energy, and the situation of decay mutually can not appear, to obtain maximum diversity gain.On the other hand, the collaborative work of many transmission nodes, in the communication that any one node is initiated, the signal energy that receiving node receives determines by participating in all collaborative nodes and the channel fading coefficient between the receiving node, thus the situation that can avoid part of nodes to lose efficacy because channel fading is serious.
Claims (8)
1. be applied to the multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method in the wireless sense network, it is characterized in that this method comprises: main transmitting node and collaborative transmitting node carry out collaborative work by collaborative foundation and two steps of collaborative emission, wherein work in coordination with and set up the node of determining to participate in collaborative emission in the process, and be beam shaping coefficient of each node distribution; Each transmitting node obtains the data of beam shaping coefficient and emission in the collaborative emission process, and works in coordination with emission.
2. as the claim 1 described multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method that is applied in the wireless sense network, it is characterized in that described collaborative collaborative calling signal of emission initiation node broadcasts in the process of setting up, each node determines whether to participate in collaborative according to the signal strength signal intensity that receives.
3. as the claim 1 described multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method that is applied in the wireless sense network, it is characterized in that described collaborative foundation in the process, each participates in collaborative node and the channel fading coefficient between itself and the receiving node is encapsulated in passes emission back in the collaborative confirmation signal and initiate node.
4. as the claim 1 described multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method that is applied in the wireless sense network, it is characterized in that described collaborative foundation in the process, emission is initiated node and is confirmed that according to the collaborative confirmation signal that receives which node participates in working in coordination with, and collects the channel fading coefficient that is encapsulated in the collaborative confirmation signal.
5. as the claim 1 described multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method that is applied in the wireless sense network, it is characterized in that main transmitting node comes compute beam shaping vector according to the channel fading coefficient between each collaborative transmitting node and the receiving node in the described collaborative transmission course.
6. be applied to multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method in the wireless sense network as claim 5, it is characterized in that the beam shaping vector is used to adjust amplitude and the phase place that each node transmits, in each node, obtain best energy distribution, offset the deflection of channel simultaneously to signal phase, make that the signal of each transmitting node in the receiving node position is homophase, can not decay mutually between the signal of each node emission.
7. as the claim 1 described multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method that is applied in the wireless sense network, it is characterized in that each node of main transmitting node and collaborative transmitting node can both be estimated the channel fading coefficient between itself and the receiving node.
8. as the claim 1 described multi-transmission node coordinative wave bundle shaping method that is applied in the wireless sense network, it is characterized in that each node of main transmitting node and collaborative transmitting node can both be adjusted the amplitude and the phase place of the signal of its emission.
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO2015032074A1 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-03-12 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Optimal direction determination of radio signals |
| US9136598B2 (en) | 2010-06-18 | 2015-09-15 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Directional adjustment of voltage-controlled phased array structures |
| US10104661B2 (en) | 2014-01-22 | 2018-10-16 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Adaptively selecting from among multiple base stations |
| WO2019184285A1 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | 西安中兴新软件有限责任公司 | Communication apparatus, node connection method, storage medium, and electronic device |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US9136598B2 (en) | 2010-06-18 | 2015-09-15 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Directional adjustment of voltage-controlled phased array structures |
| WO2015032074A1 (en) * | 2013-09-06 | 2015-03-12 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Optimal direction determination of radio signals |
| US9466869B2 (en) | 2013-09-06 | 2016-10-11 | Empire Technoogy Development Llc | Optimal direction determination of radio signals |
| US10104661B2 (en) | 2014-01-22 | 2018-10-16 | Empire Technology Development Llc | Adaptively selecting from among multiple base stations |
| WO2019184285A1 (en) * | 2018-03-27 | 2019-10-03 | 西安中兴新软件有限责任公司 | Communication apparatus, node connection method, storage medium, and electronic device |
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Effective date of registration: 20100129 Address after: 2, building 1, No. 778 Asia Pacific Road, Nanhu District, Zhejiang, Jiaxing Province, China: 314000 Applicant after: Jiaxing Wireless Sensor Network Engineering Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences Address before: A, building four, block JRC, Asia Pacific Road, Nanhu District, Zhejiang City, Jiaxing Province, China: 314000 Applicant before: Microsystem Inst. Branch Center, Jiaxing Center, CAS |
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