CN101231842B - Keyboard musical instrument - Google Patents
Keyboard musical instrument Download PDFInfo
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- CN101231842B CN101231842B CN2007101603449A CN200710160344A CN101231842B CN 101231842 B CN101231842 B CN 101231842B CN 2007101603449 A CN2007101603449 A CN 2007101603449A CN 200710160344 A CN200710160344 A CN 200710160344A CN 101231842 B CN101231842 B CN 101231842B
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- key
- finger
- external force
- sensing
- player
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Classifications
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H1/00—Details of electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/32—Constructional details
- G10H1/34—Switch arrangements, e.g. keyboards or mechanical switches specially adapted for electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H1/344—Structural association with individual keys
- G10H1/346—Keys with an arrangement for simulating the feeling of a piano key, e.g. using counterweights, springs, cams
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
- G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H2220/265—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors
- G10H2220/305—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors using a light beam to detect key, pedal or note actuation
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- G—PHYSICS
- G10—MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; ACOUSTICS
- G10H—ELECTROPHONIC MUSICAL INSTRUMENTS; INSTRUMENTS IN WHICH THE TONES ARE GENERATED BY ELECTROMECHANICAL MEANS OR ELECTRONIC GENERATORS, OR IN WHICH THE TONES ARE SYNTHESISED FROM A DATA STORE
- G10H2220/00—Input/output interfacing specifically adapted for electrophonic musical tools or instruments
- G10H2220/155—User input interfaces for electrophonic musical instruments
- G10H2220/265—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors
- G10H2220/311—Key design details; Special characteristics of individual keys of a keyboard; Key-like musical input devices, e.g. finger sensors, pedals, potentiometers, selectors with controlled tactile or haptic feedback effect; output interfaces therefor
Abstract
The invention relates to a keyboard musical instrument comprising: a key for conducting an operation for playing music; an approach sensing portion for sensing an approach of a finger of a player to the key; an external force exerting portion for exerting, on the key, an external force which resists a depression of the key; and a controlling portion for allowing the external force exerting portion to exert the external force on the key before the finger whose approach has been sensed touches the key. An approach of a finger of a player to a key in order to conduct an operation for playing music is sensed to exert an external force which resists a depression of the key before the finger whose approach has been sensed touches the key. As a result, the touch feeling of keys of an acoustic piano perceived by a player right after depressions of the keys is realized.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of keyboard instrument.
Background technology
Routinely, existing pianotron with simple mechanism of action, this mechanism uses spring or pouring weight so that the key sense of touch of pianotron approaches the key sense of touch of acoustic piano.And; Existing is not through simple mechanism of action is set; Thereby but speed that is pressed through sensing key and power, thus through using known technology that actuator puts on the key sense of touch that realizes acoustic piano on the key from the below of key with external force (for example; No. 3772491 communique of Jap.P., Japan is unexamined patent 07-111631 communique and No. 3191327 communique of Jap.P.).
In acoustic piano, the rugosity of string changes according to pitch (pitch), and the size of hammer and quality also change according to pitch.Usually, bass buttons has the heavier hammer of quality with the thicker string of bump, thereby produces heavier key sense of touch.On the other hand, the key sense of touch of high key is lighter.When the situation that the situation of playing extremely strong period when key and this key are played extremely weak period was compared, the situation that key is played extremely strong period provided heavier key sense of touch for the player.
The acceleration of the position of routine techniques sensing key after player's finger presses key, the speed of key, key, be applied to power on the key etc., external force is applied on the key according to the below of the physical quantity that senses from key.More particularly, using under the situation of routine techniques, sensing physical quantity after the player begins pressing key, obtaining the external force on key to be applied according to these physical quantitys, thus drive actuator.Therefore, when the player begins pressing key, routine techniques can cause with the external force actual be applied on the key.Up to external force after the beginning pressing key when being applied in, being in the key sense of touch that key plays under the extremely strong period situation is identical with key sense of touch under the period situation a little less than key is played extremely.Thus, routine techniques has caused a problem, that is, it is strange that skilled player recognizes the key sense of touch of after pressing key just, being felt.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is intended to address the above problem, and the purpose of this invention is to provide the technology of the key sense of touch that is used to realize acoustic piano, this sense of touch can be just in time after player's pressing key by player's perception.
Be to realize above-mentioned purpose, the present invention adopts such structure: sensing player's finger is near key, and on key, applied external force before the finger contact-key of sensing.In this structure, external force is applied on the key in time when the player begins pressing key at least.Thus, in case the key of player's pressing key pan musical instrument just perceives the key sense of touch of the key sense of touch that approaches acoustic piano.Moment when this structure that just on key, applies external force before the finger contact-key can comprise the finger contact-key.
In the present invention, near sensing device senses and player's finger near relevant various physical quantitys.Comprise that with the various physical quantitys near relevant of player's finger for example the distance between the finger and key, finger are near the speed of key, the acceleration of this speed.Directly by the object of sensing be not limited to above cited these.For example, the physical quantity such as position and acceleration can be obtained speed with the physical quantity according to institute's sensing by sensing.
Can through sensing for example by the fluctuation of finger emission itself, by the fluctuation of finger reflection or by the fluctuation that finger blocks come sensing and finger near relevant physical quantity.For example, can come the sensing physical quantity through the electric capacity between the sensed object.The fluctuation of indication is electromagnetic wave, ultrasound wave etc. among the present invention.Do not limit electromagnetic wavelength and frequency especially.Can use various types of electromagnetic waves and various light of infrared ray and visible light and so on for example from long wavelength to short wavelength.Certainly, can according to the finger that allows sensing near scope confirm wavelength and frequency.The position that sensor is set can be the inside of key or the outside of key.And can adopt such structure: the mechanism that is used for sensing is arranged on the inside and outside of key.In the characteristic of some method for sensing and sensor, sensor can be exposed to the surface of key.
Be arranged on the instance of this structure of outside of key as sensor; Can comprise such structure; That is, imageing sensor is arranged on the position that can take near the finger of key, with obtain pointing through the analysis result between analysis image and the comparison frame near speed.Be arranged on the instance of this structure of inside of key as sensor; Can comprise such structure; Promptly; Reflecting light dependent sensor with infrared portion and infrared ray acceptance division is arranged on the inside of key, with according to by infrared portion emission, point reflection, follow by the infrared ray of infrared ray acceptance division reception obtain pointing near speed.And, can use such structure, that is, capacitive transducer is arranged on the surface of key, with obtain pointing according to the electric capacity between the probe of capacitive transducer and the finger near speed.In addition, can use the doppler sensor of thermal sensor or use Doppler effect.The instance that sensing mechanism is arranged on inside and outside this structure of key can comprise such structure, that is, for example launch ultrared photocell and be arranged on the outside or inner of key, and light receiving element is arranged on the opposite side of key.In this structure, these elements are arranged to make finger motion to be included in light with the zone of pressing key and are extended in the path of light receiving element from photocell.And, in this structure, can according to the light quantity that blocked by finger, change by the light of photocell emission obtain pointing near speed.
And in above-mentioned each structure, key can have and is parallel to a plurality of sensors that surface key, that treat to be pushed by the player is provided with.Because the player is the same position of pressing key always not, thus any position that a plurality of sensor is arranged to pressing key no matter all can sensing finger near.If be difficult to a plurality of sensors are arranged to be parallel to the surface of key, then preferably sensor is arranged in the zone that player's most probable pushes.Under the situation of using capacitive transducer, if use the probe of sensor, and the big as far as possible zone in the scope probe of this sensor covering key surface, that the supposition player pushes, then the quantity of sensor can be one.
Type according to method for sensing or fluctuation sensing can be provided for each key or be used for a plurality of keys near the sensor of sensing apparatus.Back one instance comprises the structure that adopts imageing sensor.In this case, allowing the adversary to depend near key to the analysis of the image of sensing recognizes.The situation that is provided for each key with imageing sensor is compared, and the situation that sensor is provided for a plurality of keys can reduce the quantity of the parts that constitute present embodiment.
For the external force bringing device, can adopt various types of actuators, the external force that this actuator will stop key to be pressed is applied on the key.Said instance can comprise such structure, that is, plunger solenoid is arranged on the below of each key.
In the present invention, control device make the external force bringing device by sense near the finger contact-key before on key, apply external force.For example, if sense finger and key at a distance of certain distance, then this control device can make the external force bringing device apply external force.The size of external force can be fixed value.For example sensing under the situation near speed of finger, control device can allow to apply and sense near the corresponding external force of speed.Sensing finger and key under the situation of certain distance, control device can allow the corresponding external force of quality that applies and point.
And in the present invention, what control device can be according to finger confirms the size of the external force on key to be applied near speed and finger quality.More particularly, the size in the external force on the key to be applied can be regarded as the physical quantity near the correlativity between the quality of speed and finger with finger.Because this physical quantity is equal to the quality of finger, thereby can use predetermined value.The instance near the physical quantity of the correlativity between the quality of speed and finger with finger comprises momentum, momentum, power and kinetic energy.Control device can be along with the size that increases external force near the increase of speed of finger.Near the relation between the size of speed and external force can be linear or nonlinear.Control device can increase the size of external force along with the increase of finger quality.In this case, the relation between the size of the quality of finger and external force can be linear or nonlinear.Through control the size of external force according to the quality near speed and finger of finger, the present invention makes the key sense of touch of key sense of touch and acoustic piano similar.
Size by the definite external force of control device can change according to the type of key or the pitch of key.External force on black key for example to be applied can be littler than the external force at its adjacent Bai Jianshang to be applied.In addition, for example, the external force on high key to be applied can be littler than the external force on bass buttons to be applied.The size of external force can change according to pitch is different.For example, the size of external force can change between octave.
And, if the distance between player's finger and the key less than certain distance, then control device can allow the external force bringing device that external force is applied on the key.Even this situation is compared with the situation that distance between finger and key still produces external force under greater than the state of certain distance, saved energy consumption.
In addition, the present invention can also have input media, and it is used to the quality corresponding parameter importing and point.For example, input media can have console panel, and this console panel allows the player the several levels from " weight " to " gently ", to select the degree of the key sense of touch of its expectation.In this example, be under player's the situation child, allow the player to select " gently ", and be under player's the situation, permission player's selection " weight " big people.Usually, the quality of child's finger is lighter than the quality of adult's finger.When selecting " gently ", although with same speed pressing key, a little less than the external force that the outer force rate that control device is confirmed is selected to confirm under the situation of " weight ".As stated, the present invention allows to control the size of external force, allows the player to make trickle adjustment to realize the sense of touch of acoustic piano thus.
In addition, the present invention also has the key position sensing apparatus of the position that is used for sensing key.In this structure, after the finger contact-key, control device allows to apply the external force of confirming according to the position of key.As for the key position sensing apparatus, can use the various structures of the change in location that can sense the key that is pressed.For example, plunger solenoid can be set below key, with according to the voltage that changes along with plunger movement and the position of sensing key.As another instance, the position of sensing key promptly, puts on light near the edge of plunger by this way, and the variation of the light quantity of blocking through utilizing according to plunger movement and by plunger comes the position of sensing key.
In the present invention, the finger that obtains the player is near the speed of key and before the finger contact-key, on key, apply the external force technology that stops key to be pressed and can be applied to the program that realizes that this is technological.And this technology can a plurality of modes realize, for example utilizes software to realize the part of this technology, utilizes hardware to realize this technological remainder simultaneously.And the present invention can be considered the invention that storage realizes the storage medium of this technological program.Certainly, the storage medium of storing software can be magnetic storage medium or magnetic-optical storage medium.Perhaps, can use any storage medium of exploitation in the future similarly.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the calcspar that illustrates according to the pianotron of first embodiment;
Fig. 2 A to Fig. 2 C is the synoptic diagram that illustrates according to the key of the pianotron of first embodiment;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram that illustrates according to the external force control procedure of first embodiment;
Fig. 4 A is the curve map that illustrates according to the characteristic of the sensor of first embodiment;
Fig. 4 B and Fig. 4 C illustrate according to the sensor of first embodiment with by the synoptic diagram of sensed object;
Fig. 5 A illustrates according to first embodiment before finger touches key, to treat the curve map that externally applied forces is controlled;
Fig. 5 B is illustrated in finger to touch and treat the curve map that externally applied forces is controlled after the key;
Fig. 6 A is the curve map that illustrates according to the characteristic of the sensor of second embodiment;
Fig. 6 B to Fig. 6 D is the curve map that illustrates according to the characteristic of the sensor of other embodiment;
Fig. 7 is the synoptic diagram that illustrates according to the key of the pianotron of other embodiment.
Embodiment
Now embodiments of the invention will be described.
(1) first embodiment
(1-1) structure
Fig. 1 be illustrate according to present embodiment, as the calcspar of the structure of the basic element of character of the pianotron 10 of keyboard instrument.Pianotron 10 has a plurality of keys 1 that constitute keyboard.Pianotron 10 also have external force apply portion 14, key position detecting part 12 and be used for each key 1 near detecting part 13.And pianotron 10 also has: control part 15, carry out the back described, to being applied to the control of the external force on the key 1; Tone maker 17; Sound system 18; With input part 16.Each applies portion 14, key position detecting part 12, input part 16, tone maker 17 near detecting part 13, external force and through unshowned interface various signals is transferred to control part 15 and receive the various signals from control part 15.
Each external force applies portion 14 and all has actuator 14a and driving circuit, and this driving circuit makes actuator 14a on key 1, apply the external force that stops key to be pressed.Direction according to from control part 15 applies external force.Driving circuit is not shown.Shown in Fig. 2 A, actuator 14a is arranged on the below of key 1.Actuator 14a is made up of for example solenoid.
Each all has a plurality of reflecting light dependent sensor 13a that are arranged in the key 1 near detecting part 13.Fig. 2 B is a schematic section of observing key 1 from the side.Fig. 2 C is the lid member 11 that removed key 1, observe the diagrammatic top view of key 1 from the top.Each reflecting light dependent sensor 13a all has 13b of infrared portion and the infrared ray acceptance division 13c that is contained in the housing.By the light of sensed object reflection, draw conduct by the distance between the finger of sensed object and the key according to the reflection light quantity that is received by infrared ray acceptance division 13c thus by the 13b of infrared portion emission.In addition, according to the variable in distance between finger and the key, must sell near detecting part 13 and to depend on the speed of nearly key.Lid member 11 allows infrared rays to pass, and this lid member 11 is the white processed by tygon, polystyrene, polycarbonate etc. or the plastic plate of black band color.
Shown in Fig. 2 B and Fig. 2 C, reflecting light dependent sensor 13a be arranged to be parallel to key 1, treat the surface of being pushed by the player.Because the player is the same position of pressing key always not, thus a plurality of light sensors are set, thereby any position of pressing key no matter, all can sensing finger near.Under the situation on the surface of a plurality of sensors not being arranged to be parallel to key, preferably sensor is arranged in the zone that player's most probable pushes.
Present embodiment has been described near the situation of detecting part 13 sensings near speed.Yet, also can export the data that show the distance between finger and the key near detecting part 13, control part 15 obtains near speed on the basis of these data thus.As long as owing to sense the distance between finger and the key, just can obtain speed and acceleration, thereby the mode that obtains speed and acceleration can be any desired mode.
Each key position detecting part 12 all has position transducer 12a.Fig. 2 A is the side view that key 1 is shown.Position transducer 12a is arranged on the below of key 1, shown in Fig. 2 A.Position transducer 12a sensing is pressed according to key or discharges the position of the key that changes, simultaneously, and the data of the position of key position detecting part 12 output display keys.When finger 2 pressing keys 1, key 1 pivots around pivotal axis 9.Key position detecting part 12 output shows the data of the position of the key that the pivot according to key changes.Can on the basis of the output data of display key position, obtain speed and the acceleration that key 1 is pressed.In addition, according to the moving direction and the translational speed of key 1, can also sense the opportunity (timing) that key is pressed and discharges.As for position transducer 12a, can use plunger solenoid (plunger solenoid), to come the position of sensing key according to the voltage that changes along with plunger movement.As another instance, the position of sensing key promptly, puts on light near the edge of plunger by this way, changes the position of coming sensing key according to plunger movement and by the light quantity that plunger blocks through utilization.
For each key is provided with key position detecting part 12, applies portion 14 near detecting part 13 and external force.Control part 15 has CPU, RAM, ROM etc. and is stored in the program in ROM and the unshowned storage medium with execution.Various types of parameters that the back will be described in unshowned storage medium, have been stored.Control part 15 scans the data by 12 outputs of the key position detecting part of each key repeatedly, with the key of sensing player's the current contact of finger.In addition, control part 15 will show that the data of the pitch that has sensed the key that is pressed output to tone maker 17.
(1-2) external force control procedure
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram that the external force control procedure of carrying out in the present embodiment is shown.This process flow diagram shows such process: begin before being pressed at key, and proceed to key and be released with till being back to its initial position.Control part 15 sequentially changes controlled key in the regular hour section or at certain in-process, carries out this process for each key thus.The various states of key (for example push preceding, push, push the back) and various types of deal with data be stored in the RAM that is used for each key.
At first, reflecting light dependent sensor 13a measures the light quantity (step S105) that receives.More particularly, the 13b of infrared portion begins to launch infrared ray, and infrared ray acceptance division 13c begins receiving infrared-ray simultaneously.The light quantity that is received is so that for example approximately the interval of 0.1ms is measured.
Fig. 4 A is the curve map that the characteristic of reflecting light dependent sensor 13a is shown, and it shows and by the relation between the light quantity of the distance of sensed object and reception.Fig. 4 B shows such state,, and is the distance P shown in Fig. 4 A (can obtain the maximum distance that receives light quantity) by the distance of sensed object 20 that is.Approximated position P or object 20 reduce away from position P the light quantity that receives more more along with object 20.Fig. 4 C shows such state, that is, object 20 is arranged in situation than Fig. 4 B apart from the nearer position of reflecting light dependent sensor 13a, thereby causes the catoptrical region shifting that applies from the position of infrared ray acceptance division 13c.In step S110, pointed according to the light quantity that receives and be in the distance between the key in this process near detecting part 13.
In step S115,, obtain pointing speed near key near detecting part 13 according to the variation of the distance measurements that obtains.In step S120, control part 15 is confirmed the external force on key to be applied according to this speed.In step S115, under the situation of velocity vector away from key, this process can turn back to step S105 under the situation that does not enter into step S120.
Fig. 5 A illustrates the curve map near the relation between speed and the external force size that obtains, and this external force size is according to being confirmed by control part 15 near speed.What considered is that the momentum to key to be applied depends on the momentum that just finger applies before pressing key.Thereby, suppose finger with draw near the collision of speed and key, then the striking momentum during pressing key is along with the increase of finger quality and point near the increase of speed and increase.Therefore, control part 15 is confirmed the size of external force according to the quality of finger with near speed.More particularly, shown in Fig. 5 A, if finger has an identical quality, then control part 15 is along with the size that increases external force near the increase of speed.The size of external force and can be depicted as linearity like Fig. 5 A near the relation between the speed also can be for non-linear.
Size in the external force on the key to be applied can be regarded as the physical quantity near the correlativity between the quality of speed and finger with finger.Therefore, according to this physical quantity, control part 15 can be confirmed the size of the external force on key to be applied.The instance near the physical quantity of the correlativity between the quality of speed and finger with finger comprises momentum, momentum, power and kinetic energy.Because this physical quantity is equal to the quality of finger, thereby can use predetermined value.The size of the external force of being confirmed by control part 15 in addition, can change according to the type of key or the pitch of key.For example, the external force on black key to be applied can be littler than the external force at adjacent Bai Jianshang to be applied.In addition, for example, the external force on high key to be applied can be littler than the external force on bass buttons to be applied.The size of external force can change according to the difference of pitch.For example, the size of external force can change in octave.
In unshowned storage medium, storage in advance is used for parameter definite and near speed and the corresponding external force size of finger quality.Even after factory's shipment, also can allow numerical value to these parameters to upgrade and add.Can freely confirm the concrete numerical value of these parameters.The quality that before the finger contact-key, is difficult to sensing finger.Therefore, in the present embodiment, the key sense of touch of input part 16 to realize that each player is desired is set.More particularly, input part 16 has and allows player or user to select the interface of the key sense of touch of its expectation.For example, input part 16 has console panel, and this console panel allows player or user from " weight " to " gently " several levels, to select the key sense of touch degree of its expectation.In this example, play child under the situation of pianotron 10, the player can select " gently ", and plays under the situation of pianotron 10 the adult, and the player can select " weight ".As stated, present embodiment allows to confirm the size of external force, allows player or user to make trickle adjustment to realize the sense of touch of acoustic piano thus.
In step S125, control part 15 confirms whether the distance between finger and the key foreshortens to less than certain distance.This certain distance is the distance of 1mm grade for example.If confirm that in the regular hour section distance between finger and the key does not foreshorten to less than said certain distance, then this process is back to step S105.If confirm this reduced distances extremely less than said certain distance, then control part 15 control external force apply portion 14 and produce external force (step S130) to allow actuator 14a.Extremely before prevent that less than said certain distance actuator 14a from producing external force through the reduced distances between finger and key; Even present embodiment is compared with the situation that also produces external force in finger and distance between the key under greater than the situation of said certain distance, practiced thrift energy consumption.Can for key 1 be provided with retainer with prevent key 1 from initial position to rising.
In step S135, key position detecting part 12 is through the position of use location sensor 12a sensing key.In step S140, control part 15 determines whether to begin key 1 is pushed on the basis of the data of being exported by key position detecting part 12.If in the regular hour section, do not confirm to have begun key 1 is pushed, then can remove institute's externally applied forces to turn back to for example step S105.As stated, the finger through obtaining the player is near the speed of key, and before player's finger contact-key, on key, applies external force according to this speed, present embodiment make the player at the beginning pressing key just feel the resistance relevant with the momentum of pressing key.In other words, the present embodiment key that makes the player push this keyboard instrument at the beginning just obtains the key sense of touch similar with the key sense of touch of acoustic piano.
For the control of after the beginning pressing key, treating externally applied forces, can use conventional known technology, for example disclosed method in No. 3191327 communique of Jap.P..Disclosed content merges in this manual in No. 3191327 communique of Jap.P..The size design of the external force that more particularly, will be produced by actuator 14a becomes to make the relation between the position of actual mass and key of key shown in Fig. 5 B, to change.Fig. 5 B shows that the key sense of touch lightens when arriving certain position when key is pushed, and it has reappeared the key sense of touch of acoustic piano.
In order to realize above-mentioned sense of touch, the key position that control part 15 bases sense is confirmed the size (step S145) of external force, and control external force applies portion 14 to allow actuator 14a generation external force (step S150).Then, the position (step S155) of key position detecting part 12 sensing keys, control part 15 confirms whether finger has begun to leave key (step S160) simultaneously.Repeating step S145 to step S155 up to the beginning release key.And; Preferably; According to the external force of before the finger contact-key, confirming near speed regulation, and based on position adjustments definite external force after the finger contact-key of key, can between twice external force, not produce thus and make the player feel the strange discontinuous order of severity.
In step S165, control part 15 is confirmed external force based on the position of key.In step S170, control part 15 control external force apply portion 14 and produce external force to allow actuator 14a.In step S175, the position of key position detecting part 12 sensing keys.In step S180, control part 15 confirms whether key turns back to its initial position.If confirmed that key turns back to initial position, then this process turns back to step S105.
(2) second embodiment
The difference of second embodiment and other embodiment is the structure near detecting part 13.Second embodiment adopts such structure: the speed of using capacitive transducer to come sensing finger.Capacitive transducer is arranged on the surface of key.Capacitive transducer can be arranged on the inside or the below of key.
Fig. 6 A is the curve map that the characteristic of capacitive transducer is shown, and the figure shows the relation between electric capacity and the distance.This is apart from the probe of having represented capacitive transducer with by the distance between the sensed object.This distance and electric capacity are inversely proportional to.This obtain this probe near detecting part 13 according to the electric capacity by capacitive transducer output and be counted as by the distance between the finger of sensed object.Should near detecting part 13 can according to this probe and the finger between variable in distance obtain pointing near speed.The quantity that is provided for the sensor of key can be one or more.As sensor, and this sensor covers under the situation in the big as far as possible zone in scope key surface, that the supposition player pushes at the probe of using capacitive transducer, and the quantity of sensor can be one.
(3) other embodiment
As be used for sensing near device, not only can adopt the structure of the foregoing description, can also adopt following structure.Type according to method for sensing or fluctuation sensing can be provided for each key or be used for a plurality of keys near the sensor of sensing apparatus.
The reflecting light dependent sensor
In the above-described embodiments, the reflecting light dependent sensor is arranged on the inside of key.Yet the reflecting light dependent sensor must not be arranged on the inside of key.Light emission part or light receiver can be arranged on the outside of key.Perhaps, light emission part and light receiver can all be arranged on the outside of key.More particularly; So long as be included in light in the path that the light emission part extends through pointing the zone of moving pressing key; And light receiver is arranged at light receiver and can receives by the position of the light of finger reflection, and then this reflecting light dependent sensor is acceptable.
Light sensor independently
Fig. 7 illustrates to adopt the independently synoptic diagram of the structure of light sensor.In Fig. 7, similar with the numbering and first embodiment of the element similar elements that adopts among first embodiment.In Fig. 7, the 13b of infrared portion is arranged on the outside of key 1, and infrared ray acceptance division 13c is arranged on the inside of key 1.13b of infrared portion and infrared ray acceptance division 13c are arranged to make 13b of infrared portion and infrared ray acceptance division 13c optical axis alignment separately.Fig. 6 B is the curve map of the relation between the light quantity that illustrates and receive by the distance of sensed object with by infrared ray acceptance division 13c.If pointing 2 is placed on by the 13b of infrared portion and applies in the scope of light; Then being pointed 2 by the infrared ray of the 13b of infrared portion emission blocks; The light quantity that is received by infrared ray acceptance division 13c thus constantly reduces near key 1 along with pointing 2, shown in Fig. 6 B.As stated, independently light sensor can be used to obtain pointing near speed.
Thermal sensor
One type pyroelectric infrared sensor as thermal sensor is a kind of sensor that is used for sensing by the weak infrared radiation of human body emission.Fig. 6 C is the curve map that illustrates by the object of pyroelectric infrared sensor sensing and distance between this pyroelectric infrared sensor and the relation between the infrared radiation amount.Shown in Fig. 6 C, the infrared radiation amount of institute's sensing is along with increasing with the reducing of distance of object.As stated, pyroelectric infrared sensor can be used to obtain pointing near speed, pyroelectric infrared sensor is arranged at the inside of key or the surface of key, pyroelectric infrared sensor is exposed to the surface thus.
Doppler sensor
As one type microwave Doppler sensor of doppler sensor be through use Doppler effect be used for sensed object translational speed or with the sensor of the distance of mobile object.This sensor has microwave emission part and microwave receiving portion.Be different from frequency by the frequency of the microwave of emission part emission by the microwave that moves the object reflection, receives by acceptance division subsequently.Fig. 6 D is the curve map that the relation between the speed that is counted as the finger that moves object and the receive frequency (velocity vector along pointing near the direction of key is regarded as positive) is shown.With compare by the frequency of emission part emission, the frequency that is received by acceptance division is along with finger increases near the increase of the speed of key.As stated, doppler sensor can be used to obtain pointing near the distance between speed and finger and the key, this doppler sensor for example is arranged at the surface of key or the inside of key.
Imageing sensor
Be used to each pixel as one type range image sensor of imageing sensor and measure the sensor that light by the sensor radiation reflects and return the distance of time of being spent and output and object, allow pixel-pixel resolution thus.Range image sensor is arranged on the position that can take near the finger of key.Can be through analyzing at a certain time interval by the view data of range image sensor output and the analysis result between the frame relatively, thus obtain treating sensing finger and distance between the key and finger near speed.Can whenever range image sensor be set at a distance from several keys.Be provided for each key with range image sensor and compare, can reduce the quantity of the parts that constitute present embodiment like this.
The invention is not restricted to the foregoing description, can under situation about departing from the scope of the present invention, carry out various modification.
Claims (14)
1. keyboard instrument comprises:
Key, the operation that is used to perform music;
Near sensing apparatus, the finger that is used for the sensing player is near said key;
The external force bringing device is used on said key, applying the external force that stops said key to be pressed; And
Control device, be used for by sense near finger contact said key before, allow said external force bringing device on said key, to apply external force; Wherein:
Said finger near the sensing device senses player is near the speed of said key; And
Said control device allows said external force bringing device to apply the external force of confirming according to said speed.
2. keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein:
Said have reflective electromagnetic sensor near sensing apparatus, with according to being come the distance between said finger of sensing and the said key by the electromagnetic wave of player's finger reflection, thereby changes the said speed that draws according to the time of said distance.
3. keyboard instrument according to claim 2, wherein:
At a plurality of reflective electromagnetic sensors of the set inside of said key, and said reflective electromagnetic sensor is arranged to be parallel to surface said key, to be pressed.
4. keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein:
Said have the reflecting light dependent sensor near sensing apparatus, with according to being come the distance between said finger of sensing and the said key by the light of player's finger reflection, thereby changes the said speed that draws according to the time of said distance.
5. keyboard instrument according to claim 4, wherein:
At a plurality of reflecting light dependent sensors of the set inside of said key, and said reflecting light dependent sensor is arranged to be parallel to the surface to be pressed of said key.
6. keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein:
Said have capacitive transducer near sensing apparatus on the surface of said key; Coming the distance between said finger of sensing and the said key, thereby change the said speed that draws according to the time of said distance according to the electric capacity between the probe of player's finger and said capacitive transducer.
7. keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein:
Said have independently optical sensor near sensing apparatus, coming the distance between said finger of sensing and the said key according to the light that is blocked by player's finger, thereby changes the said speed that draws according to the time of said distance.
8. keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein:
Said have thermal sensor near sensing apparatus, with the distance between said finger of sensing and the said key, thereby draws said speed according to the time variation of said distance.
9. keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein:
Said have doppler sensor with the said speed of sensing near sensing apparatus.
10. keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein:
Said have imageing sensor with the said speed of sensing near sensing apparatus.
11. keyboard instrument according to claim 1, wherein:
Said control device allows said external force bringing device to apply the definite external force of quality according to player's finger.
12. keyboard instrument according to claim 11 also comprises:
Input media is used to the quality corresponding parameter of importing and pointing.
13. according to any described keyboard instrument among the claim 1-12, wherein:
If the distance between player's finger and the said key is below the specific range, then said control device allows said external force bringing device to apply external force.
14. according to any described keyboard instrument among the claim 1-12, wherein:
After player's finger contacted said key, said control device allowed said external force bringing device on said key, to apply the said external force of confirming according to the position of said key.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP2006341432 | 2006-12-19 | ||
| JP2006-341432 | 2006-12-19 | ||
| JP2006341432A JP5034481B2 (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2006-12-19 | Keyboard instrument |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101231842A CN101231842A (en) | 2008-07-30 |
| CN101231842B true CN101231842B (en) | 2012-04-25 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101603449A Expired - Fee Related CN101231842B (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2007-12-19 | Keyboard musical instrument |
Country Status (3)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7777115B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5034481B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101231842B (en) |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US8450593B2 (en) * | 2003-06-09 | 2013-05-28 | Paul F. Ierymenko | Stringed instrument with active string termination motion control |
| WO2007054948A2 (en) * | 2005-11-14 | 2007-05-18 | Gil Kotton | Method and system for reproducing sound and producing synthesizer control data from data collected by sensors coupled to a string instrument |
| US7598449B2 (en) | 2006-08-04 | 2009-10-06 | Zivix Llc | Musical instrument |
| JP5320781B2 (en) * | 2008-03-21 | 2013-10-23 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Force control device for electronic musical instruments |
| US8173887B2 (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2012-05-08 | Zivix Llc | Systems and methods for a digital stringed instrument |
| US7897866B2 (en) * | 2008-10-07 | 2011-03-01 | Zivix Llc | Systems and methods for a digital stringed instrument |
| CN101937674B (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2012-09-19 | 上海电机学院 | Chord-free harp |
| GB2475339A (en) * | 2009-11-17 | 2011-05-18 | Univ Montfort | Optical bowing sensor for emulation of bowed stringed musical instruments |
| US20120036982A1 (en) * | 2010-06-15 | 2012-02-16 | Daniel Sullivan | Digital and Analog Output Systems for Stringed Instruments |
| DE202010007979U1 (en) | 2010-07-02 | 2010-10-07 | Kemper, Simon | Music Input Device |
| KR101816721B1 (en) * | 2011-01-18 | 2018-01-10 | 삼성전자주식회사 | Sensing Module, GUI Controlling Apparatus and Method thereof |
| JP5652415B2 (en) * | 2012-03-19 | 2015-01-14 | カシオ計算機株式会社 | Touch detection device, touch detection method, and electronic musical instrument |
| FR2996932B1 (en) * | 2012-10-15 | 2015-11-20 | Univ Pierre Et Marie Curie Paris 6 | HAPTIC CONTROLLER SUITABLE FOR CONTROLLING A SOUND CHARACTERISTIC |
| US20150122112A1 (en) * | 2013-11-03 | 2015-05-07 | Miselu Inc. | Sensing key press activation |
| WO2015188388A1 (en) * | 2014-06-13 | 2015-12-17 | 浙江大学 | Proteinase |
| US20150332660A1 (en) * | 2014-05-15 | 2015-11-19 | Fender Musical Instruments Corporation | Musical Instrument and Method of Controlling the Instrument and Accessories Using Control Surface |
| JP6836329B2 (en) * | 2016-03-31 | 2021-02-24 | 日本テレビ放送網株式会社 | Performance device and performance support system |
| US10199022B1 (en) * | 2017-02-01 | 2019-02-05 | Jonathan Greenlee | Touchless signal modifier and method of use |
| CN108269563A (en) * | 2018-01-04 | 2018-07-10 | 暨南大学 | A kind of virtual jazz drum and implementation method |
Family Cites Families (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH07111631B2 (en) | 1990-06-27 | 1995-11-29 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Electronic musical instrument |
| JP3191327B2 (en) | 1991-07-02 | 2001-07-23 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Operation device |
| EP0554492B1 (en) * | 1992-02-07 | 1995-08-09 | International Business Machines Corporation | Method and device for optical input of commands or data |
| JP3772491B2 (en) | 1996-10-18 | 2006-05-10 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Keyboard force sense control device, keyboard force sense control method, and storage medium |
| JP4082425B2 (en) * | 1998-10-15 | 2008-04-30 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Keyboard device and electronic keyboard instrument provided with the keyboard device |
| JP3799592B2 (en) * | 1999-03-24 | 2006-07-19 | ヤマハ株式会社 | Electronic keyboard instrument |
| JP2000338977A (en) * | 1999-05-28 | 2000-12-08 | Umeko Kato | Electronic musical instrument using capacitance sensor |
| JP2006337328A (en) * | 2005-06-06 | 2006-12-14 | Olympus Corp | Distance-measuring device, distance-measuring method, and program for the distance measuring device |
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2006
- 2006-12-19 JP JP2006341432A patent/JP5034481B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
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- 2007-12-18 US US11/959,407 patent/US7777115B2/en active Active
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2008152115A (en) | 2008-07-03 |
| US7777115B2 (en) | 2010-08-17 |
| JP5034481B2 (en) | 2012-09-26 |
| US20080141847A1 (en) | 2008-06-19 |
| CN101231842A (en) | 2008-07-30 |
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