CN101223359B - Power control of a wind park - Google Patents
Power control of a wind park Download PDFInfo
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- CN101223359B CN101223359B CN2006800254618A CN200680025461A CN101223359B CN 101223359 B CN101223359 B CN 101223359B CN 2006800254618 A CN2006800254618 A CN 2006800254618A CN 200680025461 A CN200680025461 A CN 200680025461A CN 101223359 B CN101223359 B CN 101223359B
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Classifications
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D7/00—Controlling wind motors
- F03D7/02—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor
- F03D7/028—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power
- F03D7/0284—Controlling wind motors the wind motors having rotation axis substantially parallel to the air flow entering the rotor controlling wind motor output power in relation to the state of the electric grid
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F03—MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS; WIND, SPRING, OR WEIGHT MOTORS; PRODUCING MECHANICAL POWER OR A REACTIVE PROPULSIVE THRUST, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- F03D—WIND MOTORS
- F03D9/00—Adaptations of wind motors for special use; Combinations of wind motors with apparatus driven thereby; Wind motors specially adapted for installation in particular locations
- F03D9/20—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus
- F03D9/25—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator
- F03D9/255—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor
- F03D9/257—Wind motors characterised by the driven apparatus the apparatus being an electrical generator connected to electrical distribution networks; Arrangements therefor the wind motor being part of a wind farm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/12—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load
- H02J3/16—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks for adjusting voltage in ac networks by changing a characteristic of the network load by adjustment of reactive power
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/18—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks
- H02J3/1885—Arrangements for adjusting, eliminating or compensating reactive power in networks using rotating means, e.g. synchronous generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/381—Dispersed generators
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/48—Controlling the sharing of the in-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J3/00—Circuit arrangements for ac mains or ac distribution networks
- H02J3/38—Arrangements for parallely feeding a single network by two or more generators, converters or transformers
- H02J3/46—Controlling of the sharing of output between the generators, converters, or transformers
- H02J3/50—Controlling the sharing of the out-of-phase component
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02P—CONTROL OR REGULATION OF ELECTRIC MOTORS, ELECTRIC GENERATORS OR DYNAMO-ELECTRIC CONVERTERS; CONTROLLING TRANSFORMERS, REACTORS OR CHOKE COILS
- H02P9/00—Arrangements for controlling electric generators for the purpose of obtaining a desired output
- H02P9/04—Control effected upon non-electric prime mover and dependent upon electric output value of the generator
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/95—Mounting on supporting structures or systems offshore
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F05—INDEXING SCHEMES RELATING TO ENGINES OR PUMPS IN VARIOUS SUBCLASSES OF CLASSES F01-F04
- F05B—INDEXING SCHEME RELATING TO WIND, SPRING, WEIGHT, INERTIA OR LIKE MOTORS, TO MACHINES OR ENGINES FOR LIQUIDS COVERED BY SUBCLASSES F03B, F03D AND F03G
- F05B2240/00—Components
- F05B2240/90—Mounting on supporting structures or systems
- F05B2240/96—Mounting on supporting structures or systems as part of a wind turbine farm
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/22—The renewable source being solar energy
- H02J2300/24—The renewable source being solar energy of photovoltaic origin
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H02—GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
- H02J—CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS OR SYSTEMS FOR SUPPLYING OR DISTRIBUTING ELECTRIC POWER; SYSTEMS FOR STORING ELECTRIC ENERGY
- H02J2300/00—Systems for supplying or distributing electric power characterised by decentralized, dispersed, or local generation
- H02J2300/20—The dispersed energy generation being of renewable origin
- H02J2300/28—The renewable source being wind energy
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/56—Power conversion systems, e.g. maximum power point trackers
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/72—Wind turbines with rotation axis in wind direction
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/727—Offshore wind turbines
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/76—Power conversion electric or electronic aspects
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E40/00—Technologies for an efficient electrical power generation, transmission or distribution
- Y02E40/30—Reactive power compensation
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Control Of Eletrric Generators (AREA)
- Supply And Distribution Of Alternating Current (AREA)
- Wind Motors (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method for controlling a wind power plant (1) or a wind park. A power control module (55) for the power output into a power grid is, according to the method, supplemented with an additional power device (6). This additional power device is operated in such a manner that, according to the voltage in the grid (9), a current reserve is established and is applied in the form of a correction value to the power control module (55). The invention makes use of the fact that components used for transmitting are, in their nominal output, designed for the worst instance of a low grid voltage. The power reserves arising from grid voltages above a tolerance value can, according to the invention, be used for transmission. This makes it possible to achieve a considerable increase in the transmission output without additional constructional effort. The invention also relates to wind power plant or wind park operated according to the method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of for regulating the method for wind power plant or wind energy turbine set, described wind power plant has generator and the current transformer connected on generator and the controller driven by rotor, wherein, controller utilizes power conditioning module to regulate by connecting the power of highway section input Energy Transfer network.The invention still further relates to wind power plant or wind energy turbine set according to the method running.
Background technique
In order by wind energy, to produce electric energy in a larger amount and to manufacture the wind power plant that there is all the time higher power.Usually there are a plurality of wind power plants that set up on a position to concentrate on a wind energy turbine set.Yet be applicable to setting up the high wind place of high power wind power plant or wind energy turbine set on land in underpopulated area.There, the Energy Transfer network of energy supply enterprise only has very little through-put power in principle.This causes following result not within minority, that is, and and because the Energy Transfer network has limited transmission capacity, so can there be corresponding running restriction.The transport maximum of Energy Transfer network by wire and the assembly of connecting therebetween for example the power limit of transformer determine.The transport maximum of Energy Transfer network strictly limits limit, and whole power that described limit has hindered in favourable wind condition apparatus for lower wind power generating equipment or wind energy turbine set are utilized.This causes shortcoming economically.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of wind power plant or wind energy turbine set and a kind of method for driving to realize better utilization.
According to the solution of the present invention, provided for regulating the method for wind power plant, described wind power plant has the generator driven by rotor and is connected to current transformer and the controller on described generator, its middle controller utilizes power conditioning module to regulate within limiting value by connecting the power of highway section input Energy Transfer network, wherein for connecting highway section, determine maximum current, it is characterized in that: what acquisition existed under the power of input Energy Transfer network passes through to connect the mobile electric current in highway section and the electric current deposit between maximum current in reality, depend on the definite corrected value for exportable power of electric current deposit, and corrected value is loaded into to power governor to improve power.
Provided wind power plant according to the solution of the present invention, described wind power plant has generator and the current transformer connected on described generator and the controller driven by rotor, wherein, controling appliance has power conditioning module, this power conditioning module is designed within limiting value, the power by connecting highway section input Energy Transfer network be regulated, wherein for connecting highway section, determine maximum current, it is characterized in that: power conditioning module further be designed to obtain under the power of input Energy Transfer network, exist in reality by connecting the mobile electric current in highway section and the electric current deposit between maximum current, and depend on that the electric current deposit determines the corrected value for exportable power.
Provided the wind energy turbine set with total control mechanism and at least one wind power plant according to the solution of the present invention, described wind power plant has generator and the current transformer connected on described generator and the controller driven by rotor, wherein, total control mechanism has power conditioning module to be regulated within limiting value with the power for to by connecting highway section input Energy Transfer network, wherein for connecting highway section, determine maximum current, it is characterized in that: power conditioning module be arranged to obtain under the power of input Energy Transfer network, exist in reality by connecting the mobile electric current in highway section and the electric current deposit between maximum current, and depend on that the electric current deposit determines the corrected value for exportable power.
The present invention gives preferred embodiment.For regulating the method for wind power plant, wherein said wind power plant has generator and the current transformer connected on generator and the controller driven by rotor, its middle controller is regulated by connecting the power of highway section input Energy Transfer network by power conditioning module, and described wind power plant also has for measuring the device of the power of carrying.
Core of the present invention is following design, that is, the capacity arranged for being connected to the connection highway section on the Energy Transfer network is taken full advantage of all the time, irrelevant with each operating condition as far as possible more precisely.The present invention is based on following understanding, that is: in a large number for the assemblies of the network connecting end on the Energy Transfer network transport maximum of cable or transformer for example, can determine by thermoae limit separately.And, in order to guarantee the Security of turning round, the loss power formed in single component does not allow to surpass each key value under disadvantageous condition.When determining key value, it is noted that, the voltage in network is not constant, but has important excursion.Therefore, according to the voltage of the relevant rules of electrical network operator association (transmission code 2003) in high voltage network can with voltage rating deviation+10%/-13%.In order all to guarantee in all cases job security, according to classical way, on the disadvantageous point of this scope, designed.Calculate based on this transmission power of permission, need be in the situation that consider that additional wattless power is supplied with or continuous item is calculated while needing.The present invention recognizes, for this calculation method, assembly is not utilized fully.The formula P for the loss power produced with plural resistance (komplexer Widerstand) in assembly based on known
v=I
n* I
n/ actual (Z
l) there is following understanding, that is, when in the Energy Transfer network, the voltage of minimum permission occurring, (according to known relation P=U * I) just there will be the highest loss power.The electric current (maximum current) of maximum so flowing.The present invention recognizes, for each, for other higher voltage value, the actual loss power produced in assembly is because the current value of step-down reduces.If voltage is for example rating value just, the maximum current that so no longer flows, but flowing according to the electric current that concerns that P=U * I obtains reducing.Its value and voltage are inversely proportional to.Reality in the rated point scope mobile electric current and calculate maximum current between there is difference.Therefore there is the electric current deposit.The present invention uses described electric current deposit with for improving the power of actual input Energy Transfer network.That obtainable profit relies on is in esse, relevant for the network voltage of minimum license voltage.If the voltage difference of license is voltage rating+10 and-13 as mentioned above, so for the virtual voltage in the Energy Transfer network, there is 13% electric current deposit according to the height of voltage rating.By use described electric current deposit therefore the power of transmission raising 13% can not caused to the overload of assembly according to invention.If virtual voltage surpasses the CLV ceiling limit value of voltage rating, the electric current deposit even counts 23% so.Therefore realized that according to invention 1/4 more than power has been inputted the Energy Transfer network and can not have been surpassed the loss power of permitting nearly.By such raising, possible through-put power can obviously be improved the efficiency of wind energy turbine set.Therefore also improved the Economy of running.
Be provided with restricting means according to purpose, restricting means relies on when reaching maximum current selects Signal Regulation at the electric current of input Energy Transfer network and the phase angle between network voltage.The total value of electric current remains unchanged thus, i.e. the height in maximum current, and the angle between electric current and voltage changes.Therefore can realize: utilizing and select signal to be scheduled to, is preferentially by useful horsepower or preferentially wattless power is transported in network.Therefore, utilizing and select signal to select, is provide high yield by improving useful horsepower output, still should provide by preferential raising wattless power output the voltage support of network.According to purpose, by voltage balancing device, produce and select signal.Voltage balancing device can obtain the required wattless power demand of network enabled.Can determine based on this, be preferentially to export useful horsepower or preferential output reactive power.As an alternative or additional aspects also can arrange as follows, that is, and from extraneous, especially by network drive, introduces the selection signal.Network drive can rely on the state of Energy Transfer network at this point and make decision, and being need and carry more useful horsepower or more wattless power.
Relying on each required useful horsepower or wattless power can be by can predetermined characteristic line determining each other parameter, being wattless power or useful horsepower.The characteristic line module can be set, the characteristic line module for example can be integrated in voltage balancing device for this reason.The characteristic line module for following purpose setting, that is, relies on for example size of useful horsepower and obtains other for example sizes of wattless power by provided characteristic line.Characteristic line can freely be chosen.Elliptic function preferably thus, elliptic function according to purpose is under the standardization of peak output: 1=P
2: a
2+ Q
2: b
2.By selecting coefficient a, b can realize the priority of useful horsepower or wattless power.
Can determine and add according to purpose the extra current of carrying for the compensating wire capacity.The definite of this electric current has nothing to do in network voltage and current limitation or current effective current conveying.This point is preferably calculated and is realized by equation iq=U/Z=U * jwc.This electric current is for compensating the capacitive load that connects highway section wind power plant side and therefore entering network the situation that does not affect current limitation is dirty.The compensation of capacitive load especially has meaning when a plurality of wind power plants are connected into to wind energy turbine set.
According to purpose, restricting signal is applied on wind power plant with the electric current from its output for restriction.The electric current of exporting can be for example in 0 to 100% allow current scope.Therefore can directly on the root of electric power, be interfered, or rather, related in particular to the effective current part.According to purpose, when determining restricting signal, the plural resistance that is connected to the wire of wind power plant is also counted together.
The invention still further relates to a kind of method for the regulating wind power field, described electric discharge field has total control mechanism and at least one according to wind power plant of the present invention, it is characterized in that: total control mechanism is implemented power adjustments according to the method described in the present invention.
According to purpose, be that single wind power plant is set different corrected values.Although can be also all wind power plants of wind energy turbine set default corrected value in the same manner, in principle more advantageously, between different wind power plants each effectively and reactance capacity make different presetting.Therefore can reduce the loss and realize higher efficiency.
In addition, be the wind power plant setting according to purpose and load personalized restricting signal.Simultaneously, by presetting in the especially powerful wind power plant of wind energy turbine set, than the small-power wind power plant, higher this mode of limiting value also can realize the optimization of wind energy turbine set total output.High-power and small-power described herein not only arranges relevantly with the structure of single wind power plant, but also includes parameter about place, for example is beneficial to especially position of wind etc.
The accompanying drawing explanation
The present invention relates to wind power plant and the wind energy turbine set for implementing said method in addition.
Set forth the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, be shown with in the accompanying drawings preferred embodiment.Wherein:
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram according to the wind power plant of first embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the power diagram based on voltage of wind power plant shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is for determining the schematic detail drawing according to the first embodiment's corrected value; And
Fig. 4 is the schematic detail drawing of characteristic line module;
Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram according to the wind energy turbine set of second embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Related for the wind power plant shown in Fig. 1 is the basic structure of traditional variable speed wind power plant.Wind power plant 1 comprises tower body 11, and tower body 11 has machine chamber provided thereon 12.Rotor 13 is bearing in rotationally on an end face of machine chamber 12 and by the live axle (not shown) and is connected with generator 14.The related preferably double-fed asynchronous machine for generator 14, can certainly use the motor of other structure kinds, for example the motor of synchronous, asynchronous motor or permanent magnet excitation.Generator 14 also further is electrically connected to wire 3 with current transformer 15.Current transformer 15 can be used as full power convertor or minute power converter forms and connects.Be provided with controller 2 for the purpose of controlling on wind power plant.For controller 2 clearly is shown, it is illustrated from wind power plant 1 with moving apart, in actual conditions, controller 2 only is arranged on wind power plant 1 in principle, even usually is arranged in machine chamber 12.In addition, controller 2 forms like this, makes wind power plant 1 turn round according to adjustable predetermined value.Predetermined value can internally be determined or import from the external world by line 29.Line 29 usually forms as the data bus connection by modulator-demodulator, thereby can realize transmitting by the access of telephone network or data network or wireless data.Control gear 2 is provided with measuring device, wherein is typically voltage measuring apparatus 22 and current measuring device 23 in wire 3.They send into the power of wire 3 and for correspondingly wind power plant 1 being regulated for finding out by wind power plant 1.Also be provided with other measuring devices, they do not illustrated for reason clearly.
The electric power of being sent in wire 3 by wind power plant 1 is imported Energy Transfer network 9 into by connecting highway section 4.The effect that the connects highway section 4 power power generating equipment 1 that is to keep watch is connected on Energy Transfer network 9.Apparent wind power power generating equipment 1 position about Energy Transfer network 9 and determining, connect highway section 4 and often have considerable length.Thus, not within minority over the distance of many milimeter numbers.With regard to offshore set-up, distance can reach 100km, thus, parallel connection highway section is set for reasons of safety usually.Shown connection highway section 4 forms by medium voltate wire 41, transformer 42 and high voltage wire 43 and with the tie point 49 of Energy Transfer network 9.With regard to illustrated embodiment, Energy Transfer network 9 is high voltage networks.If be provided with the connection on medium voltate network or high voltage network, can cancel transformer 42.
The controller 2 of wind power plant 1 has power conditioning module 25.Power conditioning module 25 for following purpose setting, that is, allows wind power plant according to inner predetermined value and/or according to the predetermined value running provided by line 29 by the driver of Energy Transfer network 9 in the external world.For this purpose, the 15 generation effects of 25 pairs of current transformers of power conditioning module, optionally also to rotor 13 generation effects.To send into the power of wire 3 and used measuring device 22,23 in order to measure by wind power plant 1.Utilize them can determine electric power, useful horsepower part and the reactance capacity of all sending into.Thereby also can meet the special predetermined value relevant for the useful horsepower that should carry and wattless power.
Connect highway section 4 for definite rated power P
nand arrange.This rated power can be sent into power determination by the maximum of sending into the Energy Transfer network on tie point 49, and independent assembly that also can be by the connecting highway section 4 for example geometrical shape of wire or transformer is determined.Not there will be overload while utilizing this rated power can guarantee in maintaining Energy Transfer network 9 standard conditions for voltage.Now, the present invention has utilized following content,, substantially determines the Power Limitation of these assemblies by loss power from heat load that is.In order to guarantee safe running, loss power does not allow under disadvantageous condition lower than the crucial limit of determining yet.Need thus to take into account, the voltage in network 9 can not be constant.Such as shown in Figure 2, there is a tolerance range relevant for voltage rating.For high voltage network, this tolerance range for example according to the rules of the corresponding electrical network operator VDN of association (transmission code 2003) count voltage rating+10 and-13%.In this scope, the component safety ground work that voltage network must be joined together with it.Correspondingly be provided with and connect highway section 4.This means, when voltage, in bottom for example during 13% under rated power of voltage band, connect highway section 4 and also must transmit rated power P
n.The maximum current that wherein transmitted is from P=U * I and I
n=P
n/ (U
n* 0.87) in relation, draw.Drawn maximum current ratio is according to I
n=P
n/ U
nthe rated current of calculating large 13%.This means, this link road segment base in than it at rated power P
nwith voltage rating U
nunder the rated current I that calculates
nhigh 13% current design.
If utilize and " for the loss power that maintains permission, there is impassable maximum current I now
m" this standard driving transmission highway section 4, be shown with from the lower limit of network voltage the power gain increased along with the voltage uprised so.This power gain means as shadow zone in Fig. 2.If the voltage in Energy Transfer network 9 is the height in rating value in fact, so therefore be shown with respect to rated power P
n13% gain; If the virtual voltage in Energy Transfer network 9 has arrived upper limit tolerance range, be shown with 23% gain.The present invention has utilized following content,, although it is nearly 1/4 wherein to exceed rated power, passes through electric current I that is
mtherefore definite loss power still in the scope in license, not there will be the overload of transmitting highway section 4.Therefore the present invention need not structural change just can improve the utilization to existing transmission highway section 4 greatly.In order to allow wind power plant 1 maintain maximum current I with this working forms
msituation under turn round, be provided with secondary power device 6.
According to it, the schematic structure in Fig. 3 is shown specifically secondary power device 6.It comprises as the difference engine 63 of primary clustering and multiplier 65.On the input end 61 of difference engine 63, that association is maximum current I
minput value.This input value can be inputted by man-operated mechanism, also can origin self-controller 2 or extraneous memory range provide, and also temporal evolution therein.What on another input end 62, load is the actual electric current that flows into connection highway section 4 by wire 3.Difference engine 63 therefrom obtains electric current deposit Δ I, and electric current deposit Δ I is loaded by linking route 64 and multiplier 65.On another connecting end of multiplier 65, voltage U is carried on linking route 3 by line 29.Therefrom can calculate for the correction value delta P that can send power and on output terminal 67 and provide.This output terminal 67 is connected with the power governor 25 of controller 2.Therefore, the power of being sent by wind power plant can correspondingly improve.
Fig. 4 shows characteristic line module 7.Its use is, by the value of the useful horsepower of the need transmission that can be scheduled to, obtains in the situation that consider the wattless power that limiting value still can be transmitted.Enabled the oval feature line in characteristic line module 7 for this reason.This characteristic line is followed " 1=P
2: a
2+ Q
2: b
2" this relation, but this relation is relevant with the maximum through-put power according to diagram.By the predetermined value of useful horsepower part P or angle phi, characteristic line module 7 can obtain each group of peak for useful horsepower P and reactive power Q by practiced oval feature line.Characteristic line module 7 can be arranged in the controller 2 of wind power plant, or in the situation that has during the wind energy turbine set of a plurality of wind power plants is arranged on total control mechanism 5 of wind energy turbine set according to purpose.
What at first relate to is the schematic presentation of the wind energy turbine set arranged according to invention shown in Fig. 5.Simulation shows four wind power plants 1 there, their branch roads 3 by two wires 3 ' connection.About existing displaying the in the structure of single wind power plant and working principle aspect diagram in front.Below will set forth the difference part.
Except wind power plant 1, wind energy turbine set also has total control mechanism 5.Whole wind power plants 1 that total control mechanism 5 is wind energy turbine set provide higher level's operation management and monitor being connected of wind energy turbine set and Energy Transfer network 9.Come from the outside, for example, from the predetermined value of the driver of Energy Transfer network 9, can be loaded on the total control mechanism 5 of wind energy turbine set and no longer directly be transferred on single wind power plant 1 by line 59.The total control mechanism 5 of wind energy turbine set obtains the theoretical value of single wind power plant 1 running by operating conditions and predetermined value.Theoretical value connects 32 by communication and is transferred on the controller 2 of single wind power plant 1.Be provided with power conditioning module 55 in wind energy turbine set main control mechanism 5 for this reason.Settled in addition secondary power device 6 in wind energy turbine set main control mechanism 5.Secondary power device 6 on its structure basic and embodiment illustrated in fig. 1 in the situation of single wind power plant 1 conform to.Correspondingly on the total control mechanism 5 of wind energy turbine set, be provided with for inputting maximum current I
minput end and the measuring device 52,53 of electric current and voltage.Correspondingly, the output terminal 67 of secondary power device 6 is connected with the controller 2 of single wind power plant 1 by control wiring 32.
Other optional functions are by second embodiment's explanation.Set up restricting means 68 in total control mechanism 5.Restricting means 68 is for following purpose setting, that is, Current rise mobile in wire 3 is to the maximum current I relevant for selecting signal input 59
mduring value, can regulate electric current I and network voltage U
nbetween phase angle.This phase angle is definite as follows according to selecting signal, that is, and preferentially by useful horsepower (phase angle is as far as possible little) or preferentially by wattless power (phase angle is worth in 90 ° of scopes) infeed Energy Transfer network 9.Can regulate as follows by the selection signal on input end 59 thus, that is, be preferentially to export useful horsepower or preferential output reactive power.Select signal to be provided from the external world by the driver of driver or Energy Transfer network 9.Can certainly be arranged to, by voltage-phase angle-characteristic line, obtain and select signal.Be provided with characteristic line module (not shown) in wind energy turbine set controlling mechanism 5, this characteristic line module obtains the demand of wattless power and correspondingly recalls the selection signal from voltage for this reason.
The voltage regulator 69 of stack can be set in addition, in wind energy turbine set controlling mechanism 5.Input end at voltage regulator 69 is connected with voltage measuring apparatus 52.Its effect is, flair point 41 places are because high current I
mthe voltage that the ohmic loss caused or inductive loss cause raises also correspondingly to its reaction.This point can realize by interfering extra current module 6 and minimizing output power, or the preferred reactance capacity realization default larger by the controller 2 to single wind power plant 1.
In wind energy turbine set regulator 5, compensating module 57 can also be set.Compensating module 57 is for following purpose setting, that is, by optionally give single wind power plant distribute wattless power make wire 3 or 3 ' the power capacity effect be compensated.Described compensation, for wind energy turbine set inside, that is to say it is the wind power plant side for connecting highway section 4.This module is determined the required wattless current of compensation, or rather, by the measurement by measuring device 52,53, regulated, according to concerning iq=U/Z=U * j * wC (wherein, Z be wire 3,3 ' plural resistance, C is their frequency, and w is Ratio of the circumference of a circle to its diameter 2 * π * f) be controlled.Can realize thus, even the danger (until producing ultra-voltage on each wind power plant) that the voltage that makes wind power plant 1 existence of long distance connection highway section 4 settings in wind energy turbine set be produced by power capacity raises also can be by large as far as possible useful horsepower infeed Energy Transfer network 9.
Preferably on total control mechanism 5, an independent preset device 60 further is set.This preset device 60 and secondary power device 6 acting in conjunction as follows, that is, give single wind power plant transmission personalized, for the predetermined value of the maximum current of being sent by them.Wind power plant definite, that useful horsepower is provided for increasing can be set thus, the wind power plant that other is set simultaneously, provide wattless power for increasing.Therefore can realize and the coordinating of each characteristics of single wind power plant, for example can be arranged on the wind power plant of location, position of special windward for increasing, to provide useful horsepower, the wattless power of all the other increasings is provided simultaneously.Therefore further improved the efficiency of wind energy turbine set and further improved thus Economy.
Claims (18)
1. for regulating the method for wind power plant (1), described wind power plant has the generator (14) driven by rotor (13) and is connected to current transformer (15) and the controller (2 on described generator, 5), its middle controller (2,5) utilize power conditioning module (25,55) regulate within limiting value by connecting the power of highway section (4) input Energy Transfer network (9), wherein for connecting highway section (4), determine maximum current (I
m),
It is characterized in that:
What acquisition existed under the power (P) of input Energy Transfer network (9) passes through to connect mobile electric current and the maximum current (I in highway section (4) in reality
m) between electric current deposit (Δ I), depend on that electric current deposit (Δ I) determines the corrected value (Δ P) for exportable power, and corrected value (Δ P) be loaded into to power conditioning module to improve power.
2. press method claimed in claim 1,
It is characterized in that:
Be provided with restricting means (68), this restricting means is reaching maximum current I
mthe time according to selecting signal to be adjusted in like this phase angle between line voltage and output current, make useful horsepower preferentially be fed Energy Transfer network (9) or wattless power is preferentially fed Energy Transfer network (9).
3. press method claimed in claim 2,
It is characterized in that:
Described selection signal produces by voltage-phase angle characteristic line.
4. press method claimed in claim 2,
It is characterized in that:
Described selection signal is applied by the external world with connecting.
5. press method claimed in claim 2,
It is characterized in that:
Described selection signal is applied by the driver of Energy Transfer network (9) with connecting.
6. press one of claim 2 to 4 described method,
It is characterized in that:
Useful horsepower or the wattless power characteristic line that also utilization can be predetermined by preferential input calculate wattless power or the useful horsepower of wanting time rank to input.
7. press method claimed in claim 6,
It is characterized in that:
The described characteristic line that can be scheduled to is by having normal formula 1=P
2: a
2+ Q
2: b
2elliptic function form, wherein, " P " means active power, " Q " means wattless power, " a " and " b " is all coefficient.
8. press one of claim 1 to 5 described method,
It is characterized in that:
Obtain restricting signal and be applied to the upper electric current to be sent by it for restriction of wind power plant (1).
9. press method claimed in claim 8,
It is characterized in that:
The plural resistance that will be connected to the connection wire (3) of wind power plant (1) when determining restricting signal is included.
10. for the method for regulating wind power field, described wind energy turbine set has total control mechanism (5) and at least one wind power plant (1),
It is characterized in that:
Total control mechanism (5) is implemented power adjustments according to the described method of one of claim 1 to 9.
11., by method claimed in claim 10, it is characterized in that, for each single wind power plant is determined different capability correction values.
12. by the described method of claim 11,
It is characterized in that:
To as with maximum, inputting the relevant correlation of effective current, be determined for the determined different capability correction value of each single wind power plant.
13. for implementing the wind energy turbine set by one of claim 10 to 12 described method.
14. wind power plant, described wind power plant has the generator (14) driven by rotor (13) and current transformer (15) and the controller (2 connected on described generator, 5), wherein, controller (2,5) there is power conditioning module (25,55), this power conditioning module is designed within limiting value by connecting highway section (4), inputting Energy Transfer network (6,9) power is regulated, and wherein for connecting highway section (4), determines maximum current (I
m),
It is characterized in that:
Power conditioning module (25,55) further be designed to obtain the power (P) of input Energy Transfer network (9) lower exist in reality by connecting mobile electric current and the maximum current (I in highway section (4)
m) between electric current deposit (Δ I), and depend on that electric current deposit (Δ I) determines the corrected value (Δ P) for exportable power.
15. by the described wind power plant of claim 14,
It is characterized in that:
Described power conditioning module is designed for implementing by the described method of one of claim 2 to 9.
16. there is the wind energy turbine set of total control mechanism (5) and at least one wind power plant (1), described wind power plant (1) has generator (14) and the current transformer (15) connected on described generator and the controller (2) driven by rotor (13), wherein, total control mechanism (5) has power conditioning module (55) with for to by connecting highway section (4) input Energy Transfer network (6,9) power is regulated within limiting value, wherein for connecting highway section (4), determines maximum current (I
m),
It is characterized in that:
Power conditioning module (55) be arranged to obtain the power (P) of input Energy Transfer network (9) lower exist in reality by connecting mobile electric current and the maximum current (I in highway section (4)
m) between electric current deposit (Δ I), and depend on that electric current deposit (Δ I) determines the corrected value (Δ P) for exportable power.
17. by the described wind energy turbine set of claim 16,
It is characterized in that:
Described power conditioning module further is arranged for determines different capability correction values for each single wind power plant (1).
18. by the described wind energy turbine set of claim 17,
It is characterized in that:
To as to maximum, inputting the value that effective current is relevant, be determined for the determined different capability correction value of each single wind power plant.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| DE102005032693A DE102005032693A1 (en) | 2005-07-13 | 2005-07-13 | Power control of a wind farm |
| DE102005032693.5 | 2005-07-13 | ||
| PCT/EP2006/006821 WO2007006565A2 (en) | 2005-07-13 | 2006-07-12 | Power control of a wind park |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101223359A CN101223359A (en) | 2008-07-16 |
| CN101223359B true CN101223359B (en) | 2013-06-19 |
Family
ID=37637522
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006800254618A Expired - Fee Related CN101223359B (en) | 2005-07-13 | 2006-07-12 | Power control of a wind park |
Country Status (9)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7989974B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1907697B8 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101223359B (en) |
| AT (1) | ATE546647T1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2614992C (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102005032693A1 (en) |
| DK (1) | DK1907697T3 (en) |
| ES (1) | ES2380230T3 (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2007006565A2 (en) |
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Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101223359A (en) | 2008-07-16 |
| EP1907697B1 (en) | 2012-02-22 |
| US20080265577A1 (en) | 2008-10-30 |
| CA2614992A1 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
| DK1907697T3 (en) | 2012-04-02 |
| EP1907697B8 (en) | 2012-04-04 |
| US7989974B2 (en) | 2011-08-02 |
| EP1907697A2 (en) | 2008-04-09 |
| CA2614992C (en) | 2013-02-12 |
| ES2380230T3 (en) | 2012-05-09 |
| WO2007006565A3 (en) | 2007-10-11 |
| DE102005032693A1 (en) | 2007-02-01 |
| ATE546647T1 (en) | 2012-03-15 |
| WO2007006565A2 (en) | 2007-01-18 |
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