CN101222424B - Content distribution network and scheduling method based on content in the network - Google Patents
Content distribution network and scheduling method based on content in the network Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a CDN and a scheduling method based on the content in the network. In the CDN, a GCM and an LCM are arranged to take charge of the uniform maintenance and management of the content distribution information and the content distribution strategy in the whole network. When the content required to access by a user is not hit on a POP node, the LCM of the POP node searches other stored POP nodes or OCS with the content and the proxy service is provided for the user.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to content distributing network (CDN) service in the internet, designed a kind of CDN network of overall Content Management System and local Content Management System and content-based dispatching method in the CDN network of increasing.
Background technology
The full name of CDN is a content distributing network, its objective is by in existing internet, increasing the new network architecture of one deck, with the content release of website near user's network " edge ", make the user can obtain required content nearby, solve the crowded situation in internet, improve the response speed of user capture website.
In the CDN network, the content route technology is responsible for user request is directed in the CDN network on the nearest node of user, and the CDN SiteServer LBS is realized the content routing function of CDN.Its effect is with the optimal node in user's the request guiding whole C DN network.The selected of optimal node can be according to multiple strategy, and for example nearest, node load is the lightest etc.
SiteServer LBS is the core of whole C DN, and the accuracy of load balancing and efficient have directly determined efficient and the performance of whole C DN.Usually load balancing can be divided into two levels: GSLB (GSLB) and local load balancing (SLB).The main purpose of GSLB (GSLB) is user's request to be directed to nearest node (perhaps zone) in whole network range.Therefore, property judgement nearby is the major function of GSLB.Local load balancing generally is confined in the certain areal extent, its target is to seek an optimal node service is provided in specific regional extent, therefore, the local load balancing of the running statuses such as media formats of the health of CDN node, loading condition, the support main foundation of making a strategic decision.
Can describe by Fig. 1 based on the redirected CDN routing mode of DNS (that is, domain name system), whole scheduling process is as described below:
1) when being redirected by DNS, user's request is forwarded to GSLB, GSLB is based on URL (URL(uniform resource locator)), according to predefined strategy itself, the information that provides in conjunction with other equipment, such as equipment state, loading condition etc., according to certain algorithm, draw optimum SLB IP, return to the SLB IP address of user's optimum then;
2) SLB is according to predetermined strategy, the information that provides in conjunction with other equipment is such as equipment state, loading condition etc., according to certain algorithm, in the scope of oneself, seek suitable buffer memory (Cache) server, and the IP address of caching server is turned back to the user;
3) if caching server hits, promptly in final caching server, then this caching server provides service to the user to the content of user's request just;
4) if do not hit, then SLB sends request to GSLB, the information of request OCS source (being content source, is exactly the root node that content is preserved);
5) SLB knows the OCS source of this content according to the information of returning from GSLB, provides agency (proxy) to serve to the user or buffer memory limit, limit is distributed to the user according to caching server of appointment such as loading condition of equipment.
More than this CDN operating mechanism have following problem:
1) for the buffer memory equipment among the CDN, owing to be subjected to the restriction of self storage resources, the hit rate of caching server is generally lower;
2) all contents are all put on an equal footing, and for example what grade difference content that temperature is very high and the very low content of program request rate do not have, and this is unfavorable for the effective management of operator to content;
3) under the miss situation of caching server, user's request is directed into the OCS source, has increased the pressure in OCS source, may cause the collapse of OCS source;
4) scheduling is dumb, and new content release can influence the configuration of a plurality of nodes.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for solving content distributing network and correlation technique not high based on the cache hit rate under the load balancing route technology and that OCS source pressure proposes.
According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of content distributing network (CDN) is provided, comprise GSLB system (GSLB), content source (OCS) and a plurality of service provision point (POP node), wherein each POP node comprises local load balancing system (SLB) and a plurality of caching server (Cache), described GSLB be responsible for will the request accessed content the user be directed to suitable POP node and user request be forwarded to the SLB of described suitable POP node, it is characterized in that this content distributing network also comprises: overall Content Management System (GCM) and be positioned at a plurality of local Content Management System (LCM) of each POP intranodal
Wherein, described GCM is responsible for safeguarding the content directory database of whole C DN, and the distributed intelligence and the content distribution policy of all the elements are provided to the LCM of each POP node;
Described LCM is responsible for the maintenance content distributed intelligence, and is assigned to SLB and Cache execution after will resolving from the content distribution policy of GCM, and policy execution result is reported to GCM.
In a first aspect of the present invention, when user request was forwarded to the SLB of suitable POP node by described GSLB, whether this SLB inquired about the LCM of described suitable POP node, hit at described suitable POP node to check the content that the user asks to visit.If hit, then described suitable POP node provides service to the user; If do not hit, the distribution of content information that the LCM of then described suitable POP node provides according to GCM is sought and is cached with other POP node or OCS that the user asks the content of visiting, and provides proxy agency service by described suitable POP node for the user then.
According to another aspect of the present invention, a kind of dispatching method content-based in CDN is provided, described CDN comprises GSLB, OCS and a plurality of POP node, wherein each POP node comprises SLB and a plurality of Cache, described GSLB be responsible for will the request accessed content the user be directed to suitable POP node and user request be forwarded to the SLB of described suitable POP node, it is characterized in that this method comprises:
In described CDN, be equipped with GCM, be equipped with LCM at each POP intranodal, described GCM is responsible for safeguarding the content directory database of whole C DN, and provide the distributed intelligence and the content distribution policy of all the elements to the LCM of each POP node, described LCM is responsible for the maintenance content distributed intelligence, and be assigned to SLB and Cache execution after will resolving from the content distribution policy of GCM, and policy execution result is reported to GCM;
When user's request was forwarded to the SLB of suitable POP node by described GSLB, whether the LCM in this SLB inquiry local node hit at described suitable POP node to check the content that the user asks to visit;
If hit, then described suitable POP node provides service to the user; If do not hit, then the distribution of content information that provides according to GCM of LCM is sought and is cached with other POP node or OCS that the user asks the content of visiting, and provides proxy agency service by described suitable POP node for the user then.
The present invention has the following advantages: the health status by GCM, LCM can know the equipment at content place, reduce searching times, thereby improve the hit rate of buffer memory, minimizing user's redirected number of times; Effectively integrate content resource, accomplished separating of data and management effectively; By solving miss user capture, can alleviate the pressure in OCS source greatly by other node; The redundancy of the system resource of avoiding has also been avoided the burst probability of system bottleneck simultaneously.
Description of drawings
In conjunction with the accompanying drawings,, will know the features and advantages of the present invention with reference to following detailed description to the specific embodiment of the present invention, in the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is the route topological structure that CDN is redirected based on DNS; And
Fig. 2 is the content-based route topological structure of CDN.
Embodiment
For improving cache hit rate and alleviating the pressure in OCS source, simultaneously content is effectively managed, the present invention has introduced content unified management mechanism, designs a kind of solution to handle above problem.As the CDN network, the final purpose of its construction is exactly to be content service, content safety, accurate, complete send to the user side, above-mentioned load balancing route technology about CDN, in fact be exactly a inquiry and a transmission technology to content, if a cover unified Content Management mechanism is rationally effectively arranged, just can solve content and do not hit monitoring with the content real-time status, its thought can be explained with figure below:
As shown in Figure 2, content-based route technology has increased by two module GCM and LCM on original basis, and existing details are as follows with its function.
GCM: overall Content Management System, be responsible for safeguarding the content directory database of the whole network, and to each POP node (that is, service provision point) LCM provides the distributed intelligence of all the elements, and this realizes by dual mode: (1) GCM every day regularly is synchronized to content information on each LCM; (2) LCM does not know under the situation of distribution of content, initiatively to GCM inquiry distribution of content situation;
The content key message that GCM need preserve comprises:
(1) Content_ID: the content ID of user capture;
(2) URL_Portal: the content URL address that the user capture WEB page obtains;
(3) URL_SP_OCS/URL_CDN_OCS: leave the content source in SP or the CDN system in, can have a plurality of;
(4) URL_POP: content can have a plurality of in the memory address of POP node;
(5) other
LCM: local Content Management System, be responsible for maintenance content in node distribution information, be assigned to node devices such as SLB, caching server behind the distribution of content policy resolution with national centre and carry out, obtain optimum content and obtain the path, and policy execution result is reported the GCM to national centre.
The content key message that LCM need preserve comprises:
(1) ContentID: the content ID of user capture;
(2) URL_Portal: the content URL address that the user capture WEB page obtains;
(3) URL_SP_OCS/URL_CDN_OCS: leave the content source in SP or the CDN system in, can have a plurality of;
(4) URL_Cache: the content address on the caching server, form are buffer memory IP/URL_Portal;
(5) other
With reference to figure 2, whole scheduling process is as described below:
1) when content is injected, GCM is responsible for the whole system content change and safeguards, and the distribution of content strategy distribution of formulating is arrived each POP node;
2) LCM reception strategy and resolve, if new content is relevant with this node, implementation strategy and the result fed back to GCM then;
3) access request of supposing the user has been forwarded to suitable SLB, and SLB inquires about LCM, looks at whether content hits at this node;
4), then provide service to the user if hit; If do not hit, the content directory database that provides according to GCM of LCM then stores in the CDN network in other POP nodes of required content and seeks appropriate nodes.When all POP nodes all do not have required content, LCM seeks OCS;
5) SLB is according to the information of returning from LCM, and a suitable buffer memory equipment provides proxy agency service (when having appropriate nodes) or buffer memory limit, limit to be distributed to user's (when only having OCS) to the user in the appointment local node.
Illustrate the process of proxy agency service below.
1) user capture PORTAL program request film (as, click
Http:// portal.vnet.cnGo up certain film link).
2) user asks Local dns resolution domain name portal.vnet.cn.
3) dns resolution domain name portal.vnet.cn is authorized in the LDNS request.
4) authorize DNS to return the IP address (being GSLB IP address) of being responsible for resolving this name server to LDNS.Need ICP to dispose it and authorize DNS, will be responsible for resolving this cname and point to GSLB.
5) LDNS request GSLB resolves domain name portal.vnet.cn.
6) GSLB judges the resource limit of channel according to domain name; Judge user's property nearby according to LDNS IP.After the comprehensive judgement, return optimum SLB IP address.
7) GSLB returns the domain name mapping result to LDNS.
8) LDNS returns the domain name mapping result to the user.
9) user is according to the domain name mapping result, and request SLB provide service, the URL form remain unchanged (as,
Http:// portal.vnet.cn/A/B/C.wmv).
10) SLB judges the resource limit of channel according to domain name; SLB takes all factors into consideration caching server health/load, caching server distribution of content situation, provides optimum Cache IP address, and finishes PORTAL_URL to the mapping between the Cache_URL, finishes application layer and is redirected.
11) SLB is redirected to caching server with the user service is provided.(the URL form as:
Http:// Cache_IP/vod.vnet.cn/A/B/C.wmv).
12) user asks caching server that service is provided.
13) caching server is finished Cache_URL to the mapping between the storage directory, and judges whether this content this locality hits.
14) hit this locality, and caching server directly provides service for the user, and flow process finishes.
15) local miss, the LCM of caching server request POP node obtains other POP nodes and/or the OCS information that stores required content, and parameter is PORTAL_URL.
16) LCM searches overall contents directory and obtains appropriate nodes and/or OCS information according to local contents directory or request GCM.
17) the LCM appropriate nodes and/or the OCS information that will have a required content returns to caching server.
18) caching server provides service by the PROXY mode for the user.
By above content-based scheduling mode, following several benefit can be arranged:
1) can know the health status of the equipment at content place by GCM, LCM, reduce searching times, thereby improve the hit rate of buffer memory, reduce user's redirected number of times.
2) effectively integrate content resource, can such as doing a hot broadcast channel, accomplish separating of data and management effectively according to contents attribute according to video-on-demand times.For example, the visit to content is unwritten at first, now can all note the access history of content by GCM, then by analytical database, just can be integrated relevant content.But that realizes content manages analytic statistics etc.
3) by solving miss user capture, can alleviate the pressure in OCS source greatly by other node.Old mode only has OCS source service when miss, can be the miss access service and have N+1 server when first node is miss in this programme, and wherein, " N " is the number of nodes that is cached with the user capture content among the CDN, and " 1 " is meant the OCS source.
4) by setting up unified content directory database, rely on the real-time communication of LCM and GCM, dynamically monitor the data variation at whole contents center, and at any time content is integrated into a set according to service needed, cooperate the resource of CDN, form a content scheduling strategy, system for content, resource are effectively combined, the redundancy of the system resource of avoiding has also been avoided the burst probability of system bottleneck simultaneously.
The present invention can implement by the interface algorithm of revising on GSLB and the SLB equipment as the part of content routing algorithm in the CDN network, and increase GCM, LCM module also can realize by additional algorithm.That is, the present invention can implement with software mode, but is not limited thereto.
More than described embodiments of the present invention, these contents are exemplary, and should not be counted as restrictive.It will be appreciated that as those skilled in the art, under the condition of the scope that does not deviate from the present invention for required protection, can make other modification, the modification that is different from above disclosed execution mode and be equal to replacement.
Claims (9)
1. contents distribution network; Comprise GSLB system, content source and a plurality of service provision point; Wherein each service provision point comprises local load balancing system and a plurality of caching server; Described GSLB system is responsible for the local load balancing system that user with the request access content is directed to suitable service provision point and user's request is forwarded to described suitable service provision point; It is characterized in that this contents distribution network also comprises: overall Content Management System and a plurality of local content management systems that are positioned at each service provision point
Wherein, described overall Content Management System is responsible for safeguarding the content directory database of whole contents distributing network, and the distributed intelligence and the content distribution policy of all the elements are provided to the local Content Management System of each service provision point; The content key message that described overall Content Management System is preserved comprises: the content URL address that the content ID of user capture, the user capture WEB page obtain, leave content source in ISP and the content distributing network, the content memory address at service provision point in;
Described local Content Management System is responsible for the maintenance content distributed intelligence, and be assigned to local load balancing system and caching server execution after will resolving from the content distribution policy of overall Content Management System, and policy execution result is reported to overall Content Management System; The content key message that described local Content Management System is preserved comprises: the content URL address that the content ID of user capture, the user capture WEB page obtain, leave the content source in ISP and the content distributing network, the content address on the caching server in;
When user request by described GSLB system forwards during to the local load balancing system of described suitable service provision point, whether the local Content Management System of the described suitable service provision point of this local load balancing system queries hits at described suitable service provision point to check the content that the user asks to visit; If hit, then described suitable service provision point provides service to the user; If do not hit, the distribution of content information that the local Content Management System of then described suitable service provision point provides according to overall Content Management System is sought and is cached with other service provision points or the content source that the user asks the content of visiting, and provides agency service by described suitable service provision point for the user then.
2. according to the content distributing network of claim 1, wherein, described agency service comprises buffer memory limit, limit distribution services.
3. according to the content distributing network of claim 1, wherein, described overall Content Management System forms described content distribution policy according to the information of content directory database and the resource situation of described content distributing network, and gives each local Content Management System with this policy distribution.
4. according to the content distributing network of claim 1, wherein, described GSLB system according to the state information and the load information that return from each local load balancing system, determines the described suitable service provision point that user's request is forwarded to based on predefined strategy.
5. according to the content distributing network of claim 1, wherein, described overall Content Management System is divided into different grades with content, and different grades is adopted different content distribution policies.
6. according to the content distributing network of claim 1, wherein, when new content is distributed in the described content distributing network, only need to change the configuration of overall Content Management System and local Content Management System.
7. dispatching method content-based in content distributing network, described content distributing network comprises GSLB system, content source and a plurality of service provision point, wherein each service provision point comprises local load balancing system and a plurality of caching server, described GSLB system be responsible for will the request accessed content the user be directed to suitable service provision point and user's request be forwarded to the local load balancing system of described suitable service provision point, it is characterized in that this method comprises:
In described content distributing network, be equipped with overall Content Management System, in each service provision point, be equipped with local Content Management System, described overall Content Management System is responsible for safeguarding the content directory database of whole contents distributing network, and provide the distributed intelligence and the content distribution policy of all the elements to the local Content Management System of each service provision point, described local Content Management System is responsible for the maintenance content distributed intelligence, and be assigned to local load balancing system and caching server execution after will resolving from the content distribution policy of overall Content Management System, and policy execution result is reported to overall Content Management System;
When user request by described GSLB system forwards during to the local load balancing system of described suitable service provision point, whether the local Content Management System of the described suitable service provision point of this local load balancing system queries hits at described suitable service provision point to check the content that the user asks to visit;
If hit, then described suitable service provision point provides service to the user; If do not hit, the distribution of content information that the local Content Management System of then described suitable service provision point provides according to overall Content Management System is sought and is cached with other service provision points or the content source that the user asks the content of visiting, and provides agency service by described suitable service provision point for the user then;
The content key message that wherein said overall Content Management System is preserved comprises: the content URL address that the content ID of user capture, the user capture WEB page obtain, leave content source in ISP and the content distributing network, the content memory address at service provision point in;
The content key message that described local Content Management System is preserved comprises: the content URL address that the content ID of user capture, the user capture WEB page obtain, leave the content source in ISP and the content distributing network, the content address on the caching server in.
8. according to the method for claim 7, further comprising the steps of: described overall Content Management System is according to the information of content directory database and the resource situation of described content distributing network, form content distribution policy, and give each local Content Management System this policy distribution.
9. according to the method for claim 7, wherein, described GSLB system according to the state information and the load information that return from each local load balancing system, determines the described suitable service provision point that user's request is forwarded to based on predefined strategy.
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| CN104093159A (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2014-10-08 | 电子科技大学 | Dynamic deployment method for distributed caches |
| CN104093159B (en) * | 2014-07-09 | 2017-06-06 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of dynamic deployment method of distributed caching |
| CN104468337A (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2015-03-25 | 北京奇艺世纪科技有限公司 | Message transmission method and device, message management center device and data centers |
| CN104468337B (en) * | 2014-12-24 | 2018-04-13 | 北京奇艺世纪科技有限公司 | Method for message transmission and device, message management central apparatus and data center |
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