CN101222053A - Stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying method for proton exchange film fuel battery - Google Patents
Stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying method for proton exchange film fuel battery Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101222053A CN101222053A CNA2007101588947A CN200710158894A CN101222053A CN 101222053 A CN101222053 A CN 101222053A CN A2007101588947 A CNA2007101588947 A CN A2007101588947A CN 200710158894 A CN200710158894 A CN 200710158894A CN 101222053 A CN101222053 A CN 101222053A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- stainless steel
- follows
- proton exchange
- exchange membrane
- fuel cell
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Classifications
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
The invention relates to a surface modification method for a stainless steel double pole plate of a proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC), wherein, firstly, the surface of the stainless steel double pole plate is activated and plated with nickel; secondly, a nickel layer is electrically activated in an acid solution; thirdly, after chemical silver plating, dipulse electroplating power supply silver plating is adopted in a nicotinic acid silver electroplating system, and then a surface modifying layer of the stainless steel double pole plate is formed. After treatment by adoption of the method, a modifying functional layer with good bonding force, densification, corrosion resistance and strong conductivity is obtained on the surface, thereby performance of the stainless steel double pole plate under the environment of the proton exchange membrane fuel cell (PEMFC) is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell technical field, relate in particular to proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate.
Background technology
At present, most Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells groups are assembled by the filter press mode, are cooperated with bipolar plates and corresponding seal by the body membrane electrode assemblie of battery and form.Critical piece as Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells, bipolar plates accounts for more than 70% of battery weight, account for the battery total cost near half, its effect is to separate reacting gas, collected current, each monocell is together in series and provides passage etc. by the flow field for the discharge that reaction gas passes in and out electrode and water.In order to satisfy these functions, desirable bipolar plates should be to have characteristics such as very high conductivity, corrosion resistance, low-density, high mechanical properties, high choke ability, low cost, easy processing.
Stainless steel intensity height, corrosion resistance and good is make dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell a kind of than good material.The deficiency that stainless steel is made dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell is: 1, stainless steel surfaces can form passivating film naturally, this passivating film resistance is very big, can increase the internal resistance of battery as dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell, thereby reduce the output of the energy content of battery; 2, under the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells environment, corrosion can take place and produce iron ion in stainless steel, nickel ion etc., and then, reduce battery performance and life-span to proton exchange membrane generation pollution.Make the deficiency that dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell exists for solving stainless steel, relevant patent proposed to be projected at metal surface coating electrically conductive anti-corrosion coating and in the stainless steel of metallic inclusion under the passivating film passivating film outside method, as the patent No. 02155187 patent: " dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell ", method at base metal surface coating electrically conductive anti-corrosion coating has been proposed, coating is the anti-corrosion metal oxide of conduction, coating layer thickness 0.1-50 μ m.The patent No. is 00105765 patent: " use in solid polymer fuel cell bipolar plate of stainless steel ", proposed a kind of usefulness and had the technology that the stainless steel that is projected into the passivating film outside in the carbonization system metallic inclusion of conductivity and more than one stainless steels under the passivating film in the boronation system metallic inclusion is made bipolar plates, to reduce contact resistance.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method.By surface modification, on bipolar plate of stainless steel, form silver layer.The decay resistance and the conductive capability of bipolar plates are improved.And can realize low-cost production in enormous quantities the in enormous quantities.Technical scheme of the present invention is: a kind of proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method, comprise metal surface activation and plating, it is characterized in that described stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying method may further comprise the steps: 1) bipolar plate of stainless steel is carried out material surface activation back nickel plating, 2) will in acid solution, the nickel coating electricity be activated through the bipolar plates of step 1 nickel plating, 3) will be through the bipolar plates behind the electric activated ni coating of step 2, on nickel coating, carry out chemical silvering, 4) will be through the bipolar plates of step 3 chemical silvering, electrosilvering in nicotinic acid electrosilvering system forms the stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying layer.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of the present invention is characterized in that: the stainless steel that described bipolar plate of stainless steel uses is 904L, 316L, any one in 310,304.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of the present invention is characterized in that the technology of described bipolar plate of stainless steel surface active is as follows; With the bipolar plates Solvent degreasing, after the drying, remove the oxide-film on surface with mechanical means earlier, flood 5-30min then in 50-200ml/L hydrochloric acid (d=1.19), 12-25 ℃ of acid solution temperature makes surface active.
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of the present invention is characterized in that described electronickelling technology is as follows:
1) electroplating solution is composed as follows:
NiSO
4·7H
2O 250-300g/L
NiCl
2·7H
2O 30-60g/L
H
3BO
3 35-40g/L
2) electroplating technological parameter is as follows:
12-25 ℃ of electroplating solution temperature (θ)
Electroplating time (t) 0.5-5min
Cathode-current density (J
K) 0.5-2.5A/dm
2
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of the present invention is characterized in that described electrochemical activation nickel coating technology is as follows
1) activated solution is:
H
2SO
4(98％) 80-250ml/L
2) the activating process parameter is as follows:
4-8 ℃ of activated solution temperature (θ)
Electricity soak time (t) 1-5min
Activated cathode current density (J
K) 1-2.5A/dm
2
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of the present invention is characterized in that described chemical silvering technology is as follows
1) the chemical silvering solution composition is as follows:
Na
2SO
3 100-200g/L
AgNO
3 0.8-1.5g/L
2) the chemical silvering technological parameter is as follows:
12-25 ℃ of electroplating solution temperature (θ)
Electroplating time (t) 5-60s
Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of the present invention is characterized in that described electrosilvering uses in nicotinic acid electrosilvering system is Double-pulse Plating Power Source, and electroplating technology is as follows:
1) electroplating solution is composed as follows:
Nicotinic acid 80-150g/L
AgNO
3 20-55?g/L
K
2CO
3 60-100g/L
KOH 40-65g/L
NH
4AC 60-80g/L
NH
3·H
2O 15-40ml/L
2) electroplating technological parameter is as follows:
12-25 ℃ of electroplating solution temperature (θ)
Electroplating time (t) 0.5-6h
The forward pulsewidth of Double-pulse Plating Power Source is 2ms, and duty ratio is 20%, and the operating time is 100ms; Oppositely pulsewidth is 1ms, and duty ratio is 10%, and the operating time is 10ms.
The present invention has following advantage:
1. the dual polar plates of proton exchange membrane fuel cell of preparing is corrosion-resistant and conduct electricity very well, and technical maturity, is fit to low-cost production in enormous quantities.
2. on bipolar plate of stainless steel, avoided the use of copper transition zone in the silver-plated process, significantly improved the corrosion resistance of coating, the use of also having saved copper simultaneously.
3. silver-plated use cyanide-free system has farthest reduced the pollution to environment.
4. the use of Double-pulse Plating Power Source when improving corrosion resistance, also can effectively reduce thickness of coating, saves cost.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
Stainless model is 316.Earlier bipolar plate of stainless steel is cleaned oil removing with 120# gasoline, after the drying, adopt mechanical means to remove the oxide-film on surface.Then, dipping 30min makes surface active, 12 ℃ of acid solution temperature in 100ml/L hydrochloric acid (d=1.19).Following technology and parameter are adopted in electronickelling:
NiSO
4·7H
2O 270g/L
NiCl
2·7H
2O 50g/L
H
3BO
3 35g/L
θ 20℃
t 3min
J
K 2.0A/dm
2
The electrochemical activation nickel coating adopts following technology and parameter:
H
2SO
4(98％) 100ml/L
θ 8℃
t 5min
J
K 1.5A/dm
2
Chemical silvering adopts following technology and parameter:
Na
2SO
3 150g/L
AgNO
3 0.8g/L
θ 25℃
t 5s
Electrosilvering technology and parameter are as follows
Nicotinic acid 100g/L
AgNO
3 35g/L
K
2CO
3 80g/L
KOH 55g/L
NH
4AC 70g/L
NH
3·H
2O 30ml/L
θ 25℃
t 3h
Use Double-pulse Plating Power Source, parameter is as follows: the forward pulsewidth is 2ms, and duty ratio is 20%, and the operating time is 100ms; Oppositely pulsewidth is 1ms, and duty ratio is 10%, and the operating time is 10ms.
The bipolar plates that makes with said method is done following performance test:
1) outward appearance
Coating outward appearance even compact, light, defectives such as no peeling, bubbling, spot.Adopt the 200 times of 3D rendering observations of somatometry of physique microscope of super degree of depth surface to show that the coating microcosmic is wavy, the imporosity, the evenness of whole silver coating is 4 μ m.
2) decay resistance
At room temperature, be reference electrode with the saturated calomel electrode, platinum electrode is to electrode, and the bipolar plates that makes is placed simulation Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells corrosive environment (0.5M H
2SO
4+ 0.5ppmF
-) in carry out volt-ampere scanning, measure the corrosion current of bipolar plates.The measurement result surface, the corrosion behavior of the silver-plated bipolar plates of stainless steel and fine silver sample are very approaching, and corrosion current is all 10
-7A/dm
2-10
-6.5A/dm
2In the scope, corrosion resistance improves a lot than untreated bipolar plate of stainless steel, illustrates that the silver coating of this prepared is very fine and close.
3) adhesion
With drawing some the dark cuts that reach matrix on the stainless steel substrates of scriber after silver-plated, these cuts are parallel to each other and interlock, apart from being not more than 2mm, do not observe phenomenons such as the coating peeling comes off between cut.Stainless steel substrates after silver-plated is put into baking oven heat to 240 ℃, keep 1h, take out then and put into the cold water quenching, 3 times repeatedly, silver coating does not bubble or comes off.
Embodiment 2
Stainless model is 304.After removing surface film oxide, dipping 5min makes surface active, 25 ℃ of acid solution temperature in 200ml/L hydrochloric acid (d=1.19).Electronickelling adopts following technology and parameter as follows
NiSO
4·7H
2O 300g/L
NiCl
2·7H
2O 60g/L
H
3BO
3 40g/L
θ 25℃
t 0.5min
J
K 2.5A/dm
2
The electrochemical activation nickel coating adopts following technology and parameter as follows
H
2SO
4(98％) 250ml/L
θ 4℃
t 1min
J
K 1A/dm
2
Chemical silvering adopts following technology and parameter as follows
Na
2SO
3 100g/L
AgNO
3 1g/L
θ 20℃
t 30s
Electrosilvering technology and parameter are as follows
Nicotinic acid 150g/L
AgNO
3 55g/L
K
2CO
3 100g/L
KOH 65g/L
NH
4AC 80g/L
NH
3·H
2O 40ml/L
θ 20℃
t 0.5h
Use Double-pulse Plating Power Source, parameter is as follows: the forward pulsewidth is 2ms, and duty ratio is 20%, and the operating time is 100ms; Oppositely pulsewidth is 1ms, and duty ratio is 10%, and the operating time is 10ms.
Embodiment 3
Stainless model is 310.After removing surface passivated membrane, dipping 15min makes surface active, 20 ℃ of acid solution temperature in 50ml/L hydrochloric acid (d=1.19).Electronickelling adopts following technology and parameter as follows
NiSO
4·7H
2O 250g/L
NiCl
2·7H
2O 30g/L
H
3BO
3 37g/L
θ 12℃
t 5min
J
K 0.5A/dm
2
The electrochemical activation nickel coating adopts following technology and parameter as follows
H
2SO
4(98％) 80ml/L
θ 6℃
t 3min
J
K 2.5A/dm
2
Chemical silvering adopts following technology and parameter as follows
Na
2SO
3 200g/L
AgNO
3 1.5g/L
θ 12℃
t 60s
Electrosilvering technology and parameter are as follows
Nicotinic acid 80g/L
AgNO
3 20g/L
K
2CO
3 60g/L
KOH 40g/L
NH
4AC 60g/L
NH
3·H
2O 15ml/L
θ 12℃
t 6h
Use Double-pulse Plating Power Source, parameter is as follows: the forward pulsewidth is 2ms, and duty ratio is 20%, and the operating time is 100ms; Oppositely pulsewidth is 1ms, and duty ratio is 10%, and the operating time is 10ms.
The bipolar plates that bipolar plates that embodiment 2,3 makes and embodiment 1 make has close outward appearance and performance.
Claims (7)
1. proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method, comprise surface active and plating, it is characterized in that described stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying method may further comprise the steps: 1) bipolar plate of stainless steel is carried out material surface activation back nickel plating, 2) will in acid solution, the nickel coating electricity be activated through the bipolar plates of step 1 nickel plating, 3) will be through the bipolar plates behind the electric activated ni coating of step 2, on nickel coating, carry out chemical silvering, 4) will be through the bipolar plates of step 3 chemical silvering, electrosilvering in nicotinic acid electrosilvering system forms the stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying layer.
2. proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the stainless steel that described bipolar plate of stainless steel uses is 904L, 316L, any one in 310,304.
3. according to the described proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of claim 1, it is characterized in that the technology of described bipolar plate of stainless steel surface active is as follows; With the bipolar plates Solvent degreasing, after the drying, remove the oxide-film on surface with mechanical means earlier, flood 5-30min then in 50-200ml/L hydrochloric acid (d=1.19), 12-25 ℃ of acid solution temperature makes surface active.
4. according to the described proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described electronickelling technology is as follows:
1) electroplating solution is composed as follows:
NiSO
4·7H
2O 250-300g/L
NiCl
2·7H
2O 30-60g/L
H
3BO
3 35-40g/L
2) electroplating technological parameter is as follows:
12-25 ℃ of electroplating solution temperature (θ)
Electroplating time (t) 0.5-5min
Cathode-current density (J
K) 0.5-2.5A/dm
2
5. according to the described proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described electrochemical activation nickel coating technology is as follows
1) activated solution is:
H
2SO
4(98％) 80-250ml/L
2) the activating process parameter is as follows:
4-8 ℃ of activated solution temperature (θ)
Electricity soak time (t) 1-5min
Activated cathode current density (J
K) 1-2.5A/dm
2
6. according to the described proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described chemical silvering technology is as follows
1) the chemical silvering solution composition is as follows:
Na
2SO
3 100-200g/L
AgNO
3 0.8-1.5g/L
2) the chemical silvering technological parameter is as follows:
12-25 ℃ of electroplating solution temperature (θ)
Electroplating time (t) 5-60s
7. according to the described proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate surface modifying method of claim 1, it is characterized in that described electrosilvering uses in nicotinic acid electrosilvering system is Double-pulse Plating Power Source, electroplating technology is as follows:
1) electroplating solution is composed as follows:
Nicotinic acid 80-150g/L
AgNO
3 20-55g/L
K
2CO
3 60-100g/L
KOH 40-65g/L
NH
4AC 60-80g/L
NH
3·H
2O 15-40ml/L
2) electroplating technological parameter is as follows:
12-25 ℃ of electroplating solution temperature (θ)
Electroplating time (t) 0.5-6h
The forward pulsewidth of Double-pulse Plating Power Source is 2ms, and duty ratio is 20%, and the operating time is 100ms; Oppositely pulsewidth is 1ms, and duty ratio is 10%, and the operating time is 10ms.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101588947A CN100514727C (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2007-12-14 | Stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying method for proton exchange film fuel battery |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101588947A CN100514727C (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2007-12-14 | Stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying method for proton exchange film fuel battery |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101222053A true CN101222053A (en) | 2008-07-16 |
| CN100514727C CN100514727C (en) | 2009-07-15 |
Family
ID=39631726
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101588947A Active CN100514727C (en) | 2007-12-14 | 2007-12-14 | Stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying method for proton exchange film fuel battery |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100514727C (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102005580A (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-04-06 | 大连海事大学 | Surface-modifying treatment method of stainless steel bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN102157719A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2011-08-17 | 南京双登科技发展研究院有限公司 | Super battery plate |
| CN103436931A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-12-11 | 中国人民解放军第五七一九工厂 | Bidirectional pulse silver-plating method |
| CN106935878A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-07 | 大连交通大学 | The modified metal double polar plates of polymer electrolyte film fuel cell preparation method in Ag/Cu surfaces |
| CN107146899A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2017-09-08 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate face coat structure and preparation |
| CN113328111A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-31 | 上海电力大学 | Stainless steel bipolar plate with chromium-based nitride composite coating and preparation method thereof |
-
2007
- 2007-12-14 CN CNB2007101588947A patent/CN100514727C/en active Active
Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102005580A (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2011-04-06 | 大连海事大学 | Surface-modifying treatment method of stainless steel bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN102005580B (en) * | 2010-11-03 | 2013-01-09 | 大连海事大学 | Surface-modifying treatment method of stainless steel bipolar plate of proton exchange membrane fuel cell |
| CN102157719A (en) * | 2011-03-18 | 2011-08-17 | 南京双登科技发展研究院有限公司 | Super battery plate |
| CN103436931A (en) * | 2013-08-26 | 2013-12-11 | 中国人民解放军第五七一九工厂 | Bidirectional pulse silver-plating method |
| CN107146899A (en) * | 2016-03-01 | 2017-09-08 | 中国科学院大连化学物理研究所 | Proton exchange membrane fuel cell stainless steel bipolar plate face coat structure and preparation |
| CN106935878A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-07 | 大连交通大学 | The modified metal double polar plates of polymer electrolyte film fuel cell preparation method in Ag/Cu surfaces |
| CN106935878B (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2019-08-23 | 大连交通大学 | The modified metal double polar plates of polymer electrolyte film fuel cell preparation method in the surface Ag/Cu |
| CN113328111A (en) * | 2021-05-25 | 2021-08-31 | 上海电力大学 | Stainless steel bipolar plate with chromium-based nitride composite coating and preparation method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100514727C (en) | 2009-07-15 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| Wu et al. | A review of modified metal bipolar plates for proton exchange membrane fuel cells | |
| Fetohi et al. | Ni–P and Ni–Co–P coated aluminum alloy 5251 substrates as metallic bipolar plates for PEM fuel cell applications | |
| CN100514727C (en) | Stainless steel double-polar plate surface modifying method for proton exchange film fuel battery | |
| Antunes et al. | Corrosion of metal bipolar plates for PEM fuel cells: A review | |
| CN105063685B (en) | A kind of nickel plating copper material of nickel and cobalt containing alloy layer and its preparation method and application | |
| CN101289755A (en) | Process for modifying surface of PEMFC stainless steel bipolar plate | |
| WO2017130880A1 (en) | Metal porous body, fuel cell, and method for producing metal porous body | |
| CN101717951B (en) | Cathode-catalyzed electrode producing method in coal electrolyzing, hydrogenizing and liquefying process | |
| CN104393315A (en) | Solid oxide fuel cell stainless steel bipolar connector and manufacturing method thereof | |
| CN105658845B (en) | The dividing plate stainless steel foil of polymer electrolyte fuel cell | |
| CN101684565A (en) | Black ruthenium plating process | |
| CN106684394A (en) | Surface modification method of proton-exchange membrane fuel cells' stainless steel bipolar plates | |
| CN113410453A (en) | Preparation method of metal-organic coordination film modified zinc cathode | |
| Yang et al. | Synthesis and characterization of Ni-Co electrocatalyst for hydrogen evolution reaction in acidic media | |
| CN110061257A (en) | Metal Substrate bipolar plates and preparation method thereof for PEMFC | |
| CN100492736C (en) | Process of producing double pole plates for fuel cell | |
| CN106165168A (en) | The distance piece stainless steel foil of polymer electrolyte fuel cell | |
| CN110718701B (en) | Method for preparing chromium nitride/chromium carbide composite film for modifying stainless steel bipolar plate | |
| CN101162778A (en) | Lithium ionic cell cathode ear pole material and method for producing the same | |
| CN111933965A (en) | High-temperature fuel cell bipolar plate oxidation-resistant coating | |
| KR101017180B1 (en) | Stainless Steel Separator and Method of Coating the Same | |
| CN110373689B (en) | Preparation of Ni-Fe-P-MnFeO by electrochemical method3Method of electrocatalyst | |
| CN113328111B (en) | Stainless steel bipolar plate with chromium-based nitride composite coating and preparation method thereof | |
| CN111334681A (en) | Preparation method of corrosion-resistant foamed aluminum composite material with high energy absorption characteristic | |
| CN101174696A (en) | Production method for metal double polar plate of hydrophobic fuel cell |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right | ||
| TR01 | Transfer of patent right |
Effective date of registration: 20230118 Address after: 213000 No. 17, beitanghe East Road, Tianning District, Changzhou City, Jiangsu Province Patentee after: Jiangsu Zhirui Bocheng Energy Technology Co.,Ltd. Address before: 401, room 1, block A, Torch Road, Dalian hi tech Zone, Liaoning, 116025 Patentee before: Sunrise Power Co.,Ltd. |