CN101221114A - Fast measuring system and method for gas-gas and/or liquid-liquid dispersion coefficient - Google Patents
Fast measuring system and method for gas-gas and/or liquid-liquid dispersion coefficient Download PDFInfo
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- CN101221114A CN101221114A CNA2008100573949A CN200810057394A CN101221114A CN 101221114 A CN101221114 A CN 101221114A CN A2008100573949 A CNA2008100573949 A CN A2008100573949A CN 200810057394 A CN200810057394 A CN 200810057394A CN 101221114 A CN101221114 A CN 101221114A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a determining system and a determining method for fast determining gas-gas and/or liquid-liquid diffusing parameters and belongs to the technical field of chemical engineering, chemistry and environment monitoring. The determining system comprises a carrier gas and/or carrier liquid system, a pressure measuring system, a sample feeding system, a diffusing system, a flow determining system, a temperature control system, a detecting system and a data processing system, etc. The determining method includes that: the carrier gas or carrier liquid system pushes a sample to be detected into the detecting system from the sample feeding system through the diffusing system at constant temperature and constant pressure; the data processing system records the intensity of signals in real time and then immediately works out diffusion parameters according to a half-peak simulation equation. The determining system has the effects of being capable of determinating the gas-gas and/or liquid-liquid diffusing parameters in a plurality of minutes as fast as possible, having good reproduction quality, being easy to form a commodity apparatus, fast determining the diffusing parameters for unknown harmful gases or liquids in the air or water, providing emergency data for emergencies and editing a gas-gas and/or liquid-liquid diffusing parameter menu suitable for various fields in a short time.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas and/or a kind of liquid diffusion coefficient rapid assay methods and relevant apparatus thereof, belong to chemical industry, chemical environment protection monitoring technical field.
Background technology
Gas-gas and/or liquid-liquid coefficient of diffusion is the important parameter in chemistry, the chemical technology field, existing related assays method has: anemostat technology and based on the vapor-phase chromatography of model. Di Mute (Van Deemter) equation etc., its major defect is: minute is tediously long, process loaded down with trivial details (J.R.Conder and C.L.Young, Physicochemical Measurement by Gas Chromatography; Wiley:New York, 1980), therefore, be difficult in and find required data on the physics and chemistry handbook.
Purpose of the present invention is exactly to propose a kind of gas and/or liquid diffusion coefficient to measure system and assay method thereof at the deficiencies in the prior art, can be implemented in fast measuring under different pressures and the condition of different temperatures " gas-gas " and/or " liquid-liquid " coefficient of diffusion.Utilize this system and method can realize the robotization of coefficient of diffusion mensuration process; Can set up the coefficient of diffusion handbook of any gas (or liquid) in another kind of gas (or liquid) fastly; Can also be used for the coefficient of diffusion of the unknown toxic and harmful of fast measuring (or liquid), the emergency data that provides of " anti-terrorism " or " public contingent even " is provided at air (or water).
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions.
A kind of gas or liquid diffusion coefficient fast measuring system, it comprises carrier gas and/or parts such as carrier fluid system, pressure-measuring system, sampling system, diffusion system, Flow Measuring System, detection system, temperature control system and data handling system, and calculates sample " gas-gas " and/or " liquid-liquid " coefficient of diffusion in carrier gas or carrier fluid in real time according to " half-peak simulation equation ".
Carrier gas and/or carrier fluid system are advanced into detection system from sampling system through diffusion system with sample under given temperature and pressure; As required, carrier gas can be air, nitrogen or other gas; Carrier fluid can be water, methyl alcohol or other liquid.
Pressure-measuring system is used to measure the import and the top hole pressure of anemostat.
Sampling system is used to import sample; Sample should be not gas or the liquid with carrier gas or carrier fluid generation chemical reaction.
Diffusion system is used to finish the diffusion process of sample in carrier gas and/or carrier fluid; Diffusion system must be by not making with the material of sample, carrier gas or carrier fluid chemically reactive; The internal diameter of diffusion system and length are respectively 5.0mm ± a * 0.1mm (a is a natural number 1～49) and 50m ± b * 0.1m (b is a natural number 1～490).
The flow measurement system is the flow that is used to measure carrier gas and/or carrier fluid.
Detection system is to be used for concentration or the quality signal of test sample at carrier gas and/or carrier fluid.
Temperature control system is the temperature that is used to control and show each systems such as pressure, sample introduction, diffusion, flow, detection.
Data handling system is the signal that is used to receive detection system, and calculates sample " gas-gas " and/or " liquid-liquid " coefficient of diffusion in carrier gas or carrier fluid according to " half-peak simulation equation ".A kind of gas and/or liquid diffusion coefficient rapid assay methods comprise the steps:
1) opens carrier gas and/or carrier fluid system, make carrier gas and/or carrier fluid enter injector, anemostat and detecting device with certain flow;
2) open temperature control system, make injector, anemostat, detecting device reach and keep set point of temperature;
3) open detection device and data handling system after the device baseline stability to be detected, are injected injector with testing sample, are advanced into detecting device through anemostat under certain pressure, and the signal intensity that is produced is noted by data handling system;
4) data handling system is handled the signal of testing sample in real time according to " half-peak simulation equation ", and calculates corresponding coefficient of diffusion after signal intensity is got back to baseline stability immediately.
Chemical reaction should not take place with carrier gas, carrier fluid, injector, anemostat, detecting device etc. in above-mentioned sample.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1) the fastest " gas-gas " and/or " liquid-liquid " coefficient of diffusion that can in several minutes, measure under setting pressure and the temperature, and favorable reproducibility;
2) realize measuring process automation easily, and form commercial apparatus;
3) unknown harmful gas of fast measuring or the coefficient of diffusion of harmful liquid in air and/or water are applicable to the emergency measure of accident;
4) can be as required, any gas of writing and/or the coefficient of diffusion handbook of liquid in another gas or liquid in the short relatively time are used for each association area.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the present invention's " gas-gas " and/or " liquid-liquid " diffusion system fast measuring block scheme.
Indicate among the figure: 1-carrier gas and/or carrier fluid system, 2, the 6-pressure-measuring system, 3-sampling system, 4-sample, 5-diffusion system, 7-flow measurement system, 8 detection systems, 9-temperature control system, 10-data handling system.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments the present invention is further described.The present invention is gas and/or liquid diffusion coefficient fast measuring system and method, and it comprises the steps:
1) opens carrier gas and/or carrier fluid system 1; Make carrier gas and/or carrier fluid with certain flow flow through injector 3, anemostat 5 and detecting device 8; Import samples 4 by injector 3, make it in anemostat, spread and be advanced detecting device 8; Sample can be any gas and/or liquid; Carrier gas system can be inflation steel cylinder, gas compressor; The carrier fluid system can be the liquid high pressure pump.Carrier gas can be air, nitrogen or other gas; Carrier fluid can be water, methyl alcohol or other liquid.Chemical reaction should not take place with injector, anemostat and detecting device etc. in carrier gas or carrier fluid.
2) open temperature control system 9, make injector 3, anemostat 5, controller 8 reach and keep to fixed temperature.
3) open detection device 8 and data handling system 10 after device 8 baseline stabilities to be detected, are injected injector 3 with testing sample 4, advance and diffuse to detecting device 8 through anemostat 5 under certain pressure, and the signal of generation is noted by data handling system 10.
4) data handling system 10 is handled the testing sample signal in real time according to " half-peak simulation equation ", and calculates corresponding coefficient of diffusion immediately after signal is got back to baseline and stablized.
Following subordinate list has provided the gas-gas diffusion coefficient D 2 of methane gas in nitrogen of utilizing the inventive method to measure, and under identical temperature, pressure condition, compare with the diffusion coefficient D 1 of classics, relative error between the two is all less than 1%, and 3 of diffusion coefficient D utilizing model. Di Mute (Van Deemter) equation to try to achieve under the similarity condition are about 10% with the D1 relative error; Diffusion coefficient D 4 errors of using mean value method to try to achieve are bigger.
Subordinate list: under an atmospheric pressure and condition of different temperatures, 4 kinds of methane coefficient of diffusion (units: result cm2.sec-1) in nitrogen that method is measured.
| Temperature (℃) | D1 (cm2.sec-1) | D2 (cm2.sec-1) | D3 (cm2.sec-1) | D4 (cm2.sec-1) |
| 170.8 | 1.2669 | 1.2405 | 1.1115 | 1.0718 |
| 155.7 | 1.1925 | 1.1911 | 1.0705 | 1.0276 |
| 110.2 | 0.9800 | 0.9789 | 0.8509 | 0.8666 |
| 86.7 | 0.8777 | 0.8848 | 0.7977 | 0.7956 |
| 59.5 | 0.7646 | 0.7592 | 0.6410 | 0.6816 |
Annotate: D1: the gas-gas coefficient of diffusion of the methane gas that classical way records in nitrogen;
D2: the gas-gas coefficient of diffusion of the methane gas that the inventive method records in nitrogen;
D3: the gas-gas coefficient of diffusion of methane gas in nitrogen that records with the GC method based on Van Deemter equation;
D3: the gas-gas coefficient of diffusion of the methane gas that the mean value method records in nitrogen.
Claims (6)
1. gas and/or liquid diffusion coefficient fast measuring system, it is characterized in that: this system is made up of carrier gas and/or carrier fluid system (1), pressure-measuring system (2) and (6), sampling system (3), diffusion system (5), flow measurement system (7), detection system (8), temperature control system (9) and data handling system (10), and according to " the half-peak simulation equation " calculating sample (4) " gas-gas " or " liquid-liquid " coefficient of diffusion in carrier gas and/or carrier fluid.
2. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and/or liquid diffusion coefficient fast measuring system is characterized in that described a kind of gas and/or liquid can be toxic and harmful and/or liquid or other any gas and/or liquid; Described carrier gas can be that air, nitrogen or other are different from the gas of sample; Described carrier fluid can be that water, methyl alcohol or other are different from the liquid of sample; Carrier gas system can be inflation steel cylinder, gas compressor, and the carrier fluid system can be liquid high pressure pump, peristaltic pump.
3. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and/or liquid diffusion coefficient fast measuring system, it is characterized in that described anemostat is by not making with the material of sample, carrier gas, carrier fluid chemically reactive (for example, stainless steel, copper, glass, quartz, glass fibre and other be often used as the material of gas chromatographic column or liquid-phase chromatographic column); The internal diameter of anemostat and length are respectively 5.0mm ± a*0.1mm (a is a natural number 1～49) and 50m ± b*0.1m (b is a natural number 1～490).
4. gas and/or liquid diffusion coefficient rapid assay methods is characterized in that comprising the steps:
1) opening carrier gas and/or carrier fluid system (1) makes carrier gas and/or carrier fluid with certain flow flow through injector (3), anemostat (5) and detecting device (8);
2) open temperature control system (9), make injector (3), anemostat (5), detecting device (8) reach and keep set point of temperature;
3) open detection device (8) and data handling system (10), after device to be detected (8) baseline stability, testing sample (4) is injected injector (3), after anemostat (5) enters detecting device (8), produce corresponding signal, and noted by data handling system (10);
4) data handling system (10) is handled the testing sample signal in real time according to " half-peak simulation equation ", after signal intensity is got back to detecting device (8) baseline and stablized, calculates corresponding coefficient of diffusion immediately.
5. a kind of gas according to claim 1 and/or liquid diffusion coefficient rapid assay methods is characterized in that " half-peak simulation equation ":
D is a coefficient of diffusion (unit: cm in the following formula
2.s
-1), a is the constant relevant with the diffusion system physicochemical property, b is the constant relevant with the sample physicochemical property, h
iFor sample in diffusion system the pairing signal intensity of the concentration of a certain position (unit: mV), t
MaxFor sample in diffusion system the concentration highest point (unit: s), Zi is t pairing maximum retention time
MaxWith t
iPoor (unit: s) and with following formula represent:
T wherein
iFor with h
i(unit: s), L is a diffusion system length (unit: cm) to corresponding retention time.
6. a kind of gas according to claim 4 and/or liquid diffusion coefficient rapid assay methods, it is characterized in that described sample (4) not with carrier gas, carrier fluid, injector, anemostat, detecting device generation chemical reaction.
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| CN101221114B CN101221114B (en) | 2010-09-01 |
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103471959A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2013-12-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Determination method and determination system of solubility parameters of gas in liquid |
| CN104062208A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-24 | 上海华力微电子有限公司 | Method for determining diffusion coefficient of oxygen in silicon substrate in dry-oxygen diffusion process |
| CN107290249A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2017-10-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | One kind observation supercritical CO2The method of-gas diffusion phenomenon |
| CN109030291A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-18 | 成都理工大学 | Rock mass discontinuity three-dimensional network grouting test macro |
| CN111879665A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-11-03 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for measuring diffusion property of refrigerant/lubricating oil system |
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| CN109806815B (en) * | 2019-01-14 | 2020-10-30 | 浙江大学 | Method for detecting gas-liquid dispersion state of jet bubbling reactor based on liquid velocity fluctuation |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN103471959A (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2013-12-25 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Determination method and determination system of solubility parameters of gas in liquid |
| CN103471959B (en) * | 2012-06-06 | 2016-06-29 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | The assay method of gas solubility parameter in a liquid and the system of mensuration |
| CN104062208A (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2014-09-24 | 上海华力微电子有限公司 | Method for determining diffusion coefficient of oxygen in silicon substrate in dry-oxygen diffusion process |
| CN104062208B (en) * | 2014-06-30 | 2016-08-17 | 上海华力微电子有限公司 | Oxygen determination method of diffusion coefficient in silicon chip in dry oxygen diffusion process |
| CN107290249A (en) * | 2016-04-11 | 2017-10-24 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | One kind observation supercritical CO2The method of-gas diffusion phenomenon |
| CN109030291A (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2018-12-18 | 成都理工大学 | Rock mass discontinuity three-dimensional network grouting test macro |
| CN109030291B (en) * | 2018-08-08 | 2024-05-28 | 成都理工大学 | Rock mass structural plane three-dimensional network grouting test system |
| CN111879665A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-11-03 | 西安交通大学 | Device and method for measuring diffusion property of refrigerant/lubricating oil system |
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| CN101221114B (en) | 2010-09-01 |
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