CN101219900A - Bleed hole stemming and method for producing the same - Google Patents
Bleed hole stemming and method for producing the same Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a stemming at a taphole; the weight percentages of the components are the following: 20 to 40 of corundum, 10 to 20 of silicon carbide, 3 to 10 of silicon nitride, 10 to 23 of coke powders, 1 to 5 of graphite powders, 3 to 10 of sericite, 1 to 5 of active alumina micropowders, 5 to 15 of clay, 5 to 10 of pyrophyllite, 1 to 3 of metal powders, and +15 to 25 of water-free binder. The stemming adds a plurality of materials with plasticity and good cohesiveness to cause the stemming to easily block the hole and fill interspaces, with good binding performance of new stemming and old stemming; materials with medium and high temperature expansion are added to reduce the size of the stemming contraction at high temperature, and cracks can be avoided; materials with sintering function within different temperature areas are added, so the stemming has good sintering strength in different temperature scopes; materials with high-temperature resistance and good erosion resistance are added, and thus the stemming has high strength at high temperature, washing resistance and erosion resistance.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of iron notch stemming and preparation method thereof, especially be used to block the stemming of iron notch in the melting and reducing vapourizing furnace iron manufacturing process, belong to the ironmaking technology field.
Background technology
Iron notch stemming of the prior art is all at blast furnace and Application and Development, and wherein furnace volume is big more, and combustion intensity is high more, and is just high more to the requirement of stemming.The stemming of the technology of the present invention is developed at the application of melting and reducing vapourizing furnace.The melting and reducing vapourizing furnace is the topmost production unit in the non-blast furnace iron-making process.
The melting and reducing vapourizing furnace is similar to blast furnace in the structure of cupola well furnace bottom, but because gaseous tension different in the cupola well, has caused requiring the intensity etc. of stemming that very big difference is arranged.Large blast furnace cupola well gaseous tension is generally 3.5kg/cm
2, and gaseous tension is 4.6～6.0kg/cm in the melting and reducing vapourizing furnace cupola well
2, the application requiring of material therefor can satisfy 6.0kg/cm
2The design objective of pressure.Therefore melting and reducing vapourizing furnace iron mouth is when tapping a blast furnace, and molten iron, slag are just severe more to the erosive wear of stemming.Require hot strength, burning back intensity, resistance to elevated temperatures, the anti-erosion performance of flushing of stemming better.
Blast furnace mud of the prior art often can not bear stove inner high voltage 4.6～6.0kg/cm
2Requirement, intensity is on the low side, the molten iron of high pressure resistant, slag does not wash away.Its high strength if covet has but often caused the opening that is difficult to of blast furnace taphole, causes the stemming transaction capabilities bad, has influenced tapping a blast furnace of blast furnace on the contrary.
Chinese patent CN 1673395A " the novel anhydrous stemming of blast furnace iron notch " provides a kind of blast furnace mud.This invention weight percentages of components is: fused alumina 15～45%, burnt grain 10～40%, Guangxi mud 10～25%, silicon carbide 6～12%, sericite 5～9%, talcum powder 1～3%, micro crystal graphite 1～2%, compound additive 13～23%.Technical performance index is: the cold crushing strength 16.8MPa after the 1300 ℃ * 3h thermal treatment, apparent porosity 33%, volume density 1.96g/cm3, line velocity of variation-1.06%.According to introducing this stemming at 1204m in the embodiment
3Effect is preferably arranged on the blast furnace.But, can not reach the requirement of the needed high strength of melting and reducing vapourizing furnace stemming, high densification according to the technical indicator of this stemming.
The stemming weight percentages of components wt% that Chinese patent CN1523120A " anhydrous stemming for blast furnace " provides: thick brown corundum 1～4%, thin brown corundum 2～5%, thick mullite 7～15%, thin mullite 9～20%, coke powder 15～20%, clay 10～19%, silicon carbide 7～11%, sericite 5～8%, pitch 2～4%, carbolineum 15～25%.This patent is not mentioned the blast furnace example of application, and the performance index of stemming are not provided yet.It is wedding agent that this stemming adopts carbolineum, but the volatilization component of carbolineum is more than tar, and fixed carbon content is well below tar.So adopt carbolineum can cause the compactness of stemming to reduce, intensity reduces, and makes the stemming degradation.
Japanese patent laid-open 11-246274 has introduced a kind of blast furnace mud, mainly adopts fine and close carbon raw materials, and its add-on 30～60% adds the carbon residue rate in addition at the wedding agent more than 35% 10～25%, makes high erosion resistance, stemming material that intensity is good.The characteristics of this patented technology are to have adopted the hard coal after the roasting, carbon black, graphite, pitch coke etc. as the compactness carbon material.Raw materials such as aluminum oxide, silicon carbide, ferro-silicon nitride, clay have also been added simultaneously.Folding strength after 1500 ℃ of burnings of this stemming burns back line velocity of variation-2.10%, volume density 1.84g/cm3 about 6.0MPa.The volumetric shrinkage of seeing this stemming from technical indicator is too big, and volume density is less than normal, and molten iron infiltrates in the stemming easily when tapping a blast furnace, and occurs iron mouth fracture unusual phenomenon easily.
The Japanese Patent spy opens 2001-335374 and a kind of cracking resistance line generation is provided and can have prolonged the stemming of the iron mouth degree of depth, the wedding agent that it adopted is the mixture of resin and tar, and in wedding agent, add special alcohols and sulfonic acid substance, to improve the placement operation performance of stemming.But the main raw material that it adopts is pyrophyllite and clay, silica etc., contains a lot of SiO in the material
2, the resistance to elevated temperatures and the erosion-resisting characteristics of stemming affect adversely.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of melting and reducing vapourizing furnace iron mouth usefulness of can satisfying, the stemming that has good working, resistance to fouling, wearability, abrasion resistance and can bear stove inner high voltage power.
The technology of the present invention is good in order to reach high strength, high resistance to fouling, scour resistance, strengthened the comprehensive batching of stemming substrate material, added alumina powder, pyrophyllite micropowder, metal powder, silicon nitride powder etc., reached good construction performance and use properties to guarantee stemming.Also consider simultaneously the simplicity of raw material sources, fully reduced the raw materials cost of material.Therefore with prior art very big difference is arranged aspect raw material and the add-on selecting for use.
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the invention provides a kind of iron notch stemming, its weight percentages of components is:
Corundum: 20～40;
Silicon carbide: 10～20;
Silicon nitride: 3～10;
Coke powder: 10～23;
Graphite Powder 99: 1～5;
Sericite: 3～10;
Activated alumina micro mist: 1～5;
Clay: 5～15;
Pyrophyllite: 5～10;
Metal powder: 1～3;
Anhydrous binder :+15～25.
Described anhydrous binder is a tar.
Described metal powder can be that any one or two kinds in metallic silicon power or the metallic aluminium powder add simultaneously.
Below the weight percentages of components among the present invention and limit reason details are as follows just:
Corundum: 20～40wt%;
One of main raw material that the present invention adopts is a corundum.The resistance to elevated temperatures of corundum is very good, has the performance of fine high temperature resistance molten iron erosion and erosive wear.Adding corundum raw material accounts for 20～40wt% of total dosage weight.The corundum raw material adds very little, and the intensity of stemming and high-temperature behavior are not good; If add too much, can influence the transaction capabilities of stemming, so corundum raw material adding 20～40wt% effect is best.
Silicon carbide: 10～20wt%;
Silicon carbide also is one of stemming main raw material.The hardness of silicon carbide is very high, and wear resisting property is good, and the aggressiveness of anti-slag is good.Help improving anti-erosion, the performance of flushing of stemming.The sic raw material that adds accounts for 10～20wt% of total dosage weight.
Silicon nitride: 3～10wt%;
In order further to improve the resistance to fouling of stemming, the present invention has added silicon nitride raw material, and itself hardness is very high, and thermal expansivity is little, good thermal shock stability, and chemical property is stable, is not subjected to the erosion of molten metal, and oxidation-resistance is better than silicon carbide.The silicon nitride raw material that adds accounts for 3～10wt% of total dosage weight.Form highly beneficially to strengthening stemming matrix like this, can improve the erosion-resisting characteristics of stemming.If the silicon nitride add-on is less than 3wt%, strengthening matrix does not have effect substantially; If add-on is greater than 10wt%, and erosion-resisting characteristics does not obviously improve, and the raw materials cost raising is a lot, makes stemming material not reach rational cost performance.
Coke powder: 10～23wt%;
Coke powder is coke-oven plant's coal carbonization product, mainly is to keep the good opening performance of stemming.Coke powder accounts for 10～23wt% of total dosage weight, and such add-on can make stemming that the suitable openings performance is arranged.
Graphite Powder 99: 1～5wt%;
Graphite Powder 99 itself has lubricated effect, can promote the slippage of stemming in clay gun and iron mouth, to squeezing mud good performance effect is arranged.Because the not wetting property of graphite, molten iron that it is difficult for being melted and scouring join in the matrix, can strengthen the resistance to fouling of matrix, thereby have improved the erosion-resisting characteristics of stemming.Add-on accounts for 1～5wt% of total dosage weight.Add-on can influence the adhesive property of stemming too much, is unfavorable for bringing into play it very little and strengthens the stemming erosion-resisting characteristics.
Sericite: 3～10wt%;
Sericite in, play nodulizing in the low-temperature region, can improve the medium temperature intensity of stemming.Make stemming have plasticity-in addition.Add-on accounts for 3～10wt% of total dosage weight.
Activated alumina micro mist: 1～5wt%;
As one of composition of matrix, play a part to strengthen matrix, it can improve the hot strength of stemming, improves its erosion-resisting characteristics, increases the compactness of stemming.Add-on accounts for 1～5wt% of total dosage weight.If the alumina powder add-on is less than 1wt%, the stemming hot strength increases not obvious; Add-on is greater than 5wt%, and is bigger to plastic performance impact in stemming is made, and increased raw materials cost.
Clay: 5～15wt%
Clay mainly is a plasticity-of utilizing clay, makes the stemming of making that flexibility be arranged, and is convenient to extruding of stemming, plays nodulizing, and makes stemming that sintering strength be arranged when middle temperature in high, middle temperature.Add-on accounts for 5～15wt% of total dosage weight.
Pyrophyllite: 5～10wt%;
Pyrophyllite is aqueous aluminium silicate mineral, mainly is made up of quartz, kaolin, sericite.Different with general silicate starting materials, pyrophyllite mineral material can produce in certain temperature and expand before sintering not, and it has not cracked performance under jump in temperature, can stand the impact of melting slag and metal, and stronger creep ability is arranged.And add pyrophyllite micropowder and can full-bodied liquid phase under lower temperature, occur, help cohesiveness new, old stemming, help keeping the high volume stability of stemming.Add-on accounts for 5～10wt% of total dosage weight.
Metal powder: 1～3wt%;
The effect that adds metal powder is the Fast Sintering that promotes stemming, and can obviously improve anti-folding, the compressive strength of stemming.The metal powder that adds in metal of the present invention can be that any one or two kinds of Pure Silicon Metal and metallic aluminium powder add simultaneously.These metal powders also play oxidation resistant effect in addition, can protect silicon carbide and carbon raw material in the stemming to a certain extent, so add-on is 1～3wt%.
Tar :+15～25wt%;
The anhydrous binder that the technology of the present invention adopts is a tar, and tar plays important effect as the wedding agent of stemming, and makes stemming that good plasticity-be arranged, and can form the carbon combination at high temperature, makes stemming at high temperature keep certain intensity.Relatively cheap as its price of anhydrous binder, can reduce the cost of stemming.Add-on for the siccative total weight percent for adding 15～25wt%.
The present invention also provides a kind of preparation method of iron notch stemming, comprises the steps:
Each siccative raw material is mixed;
The anhydrous binder of adding 80% rolls in pug mill with the siccative raw material: carry out mixed grind under 40～60 ℃ of temperature, mixed grind 20～30 minutes;
Add remaining 20% anhydrous binder, mixed grind got final product discharging in 10～15 minutes;
The mud extruder extrusion molding.
Carry out mixed grind under 40～60 ℃ of temperature, tar is wetting and best in conjunction with the effect of stemming raw material, can shorten the time of rolling again simultaneously.Tar adds at twice, is because last 20% tar that adds can be controlled the adding total amount of wedding agent, also can avoid tar to add excessive simultaneously and influences the quality of stemming.The time of rolling is short, and the plasticity-of stemming can not embody preferably; Overlong time easily macrobead crushing in the stemming, also can influence the quality of stemming.Therefore preparation technology must strictly carry out.
Iron notch stemming of the present invention compared with prior art has following advantage: added multiple have plasticity-and the good material of cohesiveness, as sericite and clay, stemming blocked up easily and filled up the space, the ability that is knotted new, old mud is good; Added and have medium and high temperature expansible material, it is little as kyanite the stemming high volume to be shunk, and can avoid cracking; Added the raw material that plays nodulizing in the differing temps zone, as: metal powder, sericite, clay.Make stemming that good sintering strength all be arranged in the differing temps scope; Added the high temperature resistant and good raw material of erosion-resisting characteristics of energy, made stemming hot strength height as corundum, silicon nitride, silicon carbide, alumina powder, graphite, anti-washing away and anti-erosion.The mud drum that forms in the cupola well plays the effect of protection basque brick, and makes the oral pore footpath of tapping a blast furnace under high pressure be difficult for sharply enlarging; Added an amount of easy opening raw material,, the iron mouth has been opened easily, guaranteed that molten iron and slag can at the uniform velocity flow out, reduced the number of casts of stokehold, alleviated the labour intensity of stokehold as coke powder.
Embodiment
Introduce the present invention in detail below by embodiment 1～3.
Embodiment 1
Prepare burden by following requirement.The corundum raw material of 5～0mm, add-on accounts for 40% of total ingredients by weight.The sic raw material of 3～0mm, add-on account for 10% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.The coke powder of 1～0mm, add-on account for 10% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088 the silicon nitride raw material add-on of～0mm accounts for 10% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088 the raw clay add-on of～0mm accounts for 14% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088 the sericite raw material add-on of～0mm accounts for 3% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.035 the pyrophyllite raw material add-on of～0mm accounts for 5% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.5～0 μ m activated alumina micro mist add-ons account for 1% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.1 the Graphite Powder 99 add-on of～0mm accounts for 5% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088～0mm metallic aluminium powder add-on accounts for 2% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.
Above-mentioned various raw materials are prepared burden earlier in ratio of the present invention, raw material is mixed, add earlier the tar wedding agent account for total ingredients by weight percentage ratio+12%, hot mixed grind is 20 minutes under 40 ℃ of temperature, the tar that adds residue+3% again, discharging after mixing 15 minutes.The pug that stone roller makes is through the mud extruder extrusion molding, and ageing mixture can use after one day in the packing bag of packing into.
The batten of stemming being made certain size carries out the test of physicals, and its technical indicator is: the volume density of 300 ℃ * 24h is 2.31g/cm
3, the volume density of 1500 ℃ * 3h is 2.24g/cm
3The compressive strength of 300 ℃ * 24h is 14.4MPa, 1500 ℃ * 3h for compressive strength be 28.5MPa.The line velocity of variation of 1500 ℃ * 3h is that the hot modulus of rupture of-0.06%, 1400 ℃ * 1h is 3.5MPa.
Embodiment 2
Prepare burden by following requirement.The corundum raw material of 5～0mm, add-on accounts for 30% of total ingredients by weight.The sic raw material of 3～0mm, add-on account for 15% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.The coke powder of 1～0mm, add-on account for 15% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088 the silicon nitride raw material add-on of～0mm accounts for 7% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088 the raw clay add-on of～0mm accounts for 10% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088 the sericite raw material add-on of～0mm accounts for 7% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.035 the pyrophyllite raw material add-on of～0mm accounts for 8% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.5～0 μ m activated alumina micro mist add-ons account for 3% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.1 the Graphite Powder 99 add-on of～0mm accounts for 3% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088～0mm metallic silicon power add-on accounts for 2% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.
Above-mentioned various raw materials are prepared burden earlier in ratio of the present invention, raw material is mixed, add the tar wedding agent earlier, account for total ingredients by weight percentage ratio+16%, hot mixed grind is 25 minutes under 50 ℃ of temperature, adds the tar of remaining+4% again, discharging after mixing 12 minutes.The pug that stone roller makes is through the mud extruder extrusion molding, and ageing mixture can use after one day in the packing bag of packing into.
The batten of stemming being made certain size carries out the test of physicals, and its technical indicator is: the volume density of 300 ℃ * 24h is 2.28g/cm
3, the volume density of 1500 ℃ * 3h is 2.19g/cm3.The compressive strength of 300 ℃ * 24h is 12.7MPa, 1500 ℃ * 3h for compressive strength be 27.0MPa.The line velocity of variation of 1500 ℃ * 3h is that the hot modulus of rupture of-0.10%, 1400 ℃ * 1h is 3.1MPa.
Embodiment 3
Prepare burden by following requirement.The corundum raw material of 5～0mm, add-on accounts for 20% of total ingredients by weight.The sic raw material of 3～0mm, add-on account for 20% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.The coke powder of 1～0mm, add-on account for 23% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088 the silicon nitride raw material add-on of～0mm accounts for 3% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088 the raw clay add-on of～0mm accounts for 5% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.088 the sericite raw material add-on of～0mm accounts for 10% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.035 the pyrophyllite raw material add-on of～0mm accounts for 10% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.5～0 μ m activated alumina micro mist add-ons account for 5% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.0.1 the Graphite Powder 99 add-on of～0mm accounts for 1% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.Add two kinds of metal-powders simultaneously, promptly 0.088～0mm metallic aluminium powder add-on accounts for 1.5% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio; 0.088～0mm metallic silicon power add-on accounts for 1.5% of total ingredients by weight percentage ratio.
Above-mentioned various raw materials are prepared burden earlier in ratio of the present invention, raw material is mixed, add earlier the tar wedding agent account for total ingredients by weight percentage ratio+20%, hot mixed grind is 30 minutes under 60 ℃ of temperature, the tar that adds residue+5% again, discharging after mixing 10 minutes.The pug that stone roller makes is through the mud extruder extrusion molding, and ageing mixture can use after one day in the packing bag of packing into.
The batten of stemming being made certain size carries out the test of physicals, and its technical indicator is: the volume density of 300 ℃ * 24h is 2.18g/cm3, and the volume density of 1500 ℃ * 3h is 2.10g/cm3.The compressive strength of 300 ℃ * 24h is 11.8MPa, 1500 ℃ * 3h for compressive strength be 25.3MPa.The line velocity of variation of 1500 ℃ * 3h is that the hot modulus of rupture of-0.12%, 1400 ℃ * 1h is 2.8MPa.
Embodiment 1～3 is because raw-material combination is scientific and reasonable, the plasticity-of the stemming of being made is all very good, the technical indicator that sample preparation is measured all is higher than the performance index of prior art stemming, especially in the invention technology after the burning of stemming compressive strength and hot modulus of rupture all very high, linear shrinkage after the burning is also very little, can make stemming that the good high-temperature volume stability is arranged, help keeping the stable of iron mouth, can adapt to the needs that the melting and reducing vapourizing furnace of high pressure taps a blast furnace.
Claims (4)
1. an iron notch stemming is characterized in that, its weight percentages of components is:
Corundum: 20～40;
Silicon carbide: 10～20;
Silicon nitride: 3～10;
Coke powder: 10～23;
Graphite Powder 99: 1～5;
Sericite: 3～10;
Activated alumina micro mist: 1～5;
Clay: 5～15;
Pyrophyllite: 5～10;
Metal powder: 1～3;
Anhydrous binder :+15～25.
2. iron notch stemming as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described anhydrous binder is a tar.
3. iron notch stemming as claimed in claim 1 or 2 is characterized in that: described metal powder can be one or both in metallic silicon power and the metallic aluminium powder.
4. the preparation method of iron notch stemming as claimed in claim 1 comprises the steps:
Each siccative raw material is mixed;
The anhydrous binder of adding 80% rolls in pug mill with the siccative raw material: carry out mixed grind under 40～60 ℃ of temperature, mixed grind 20～30 minutes;
Add remaining 20% anhydrous binder, mixed grind got final product discharging in 10～15 minutes;
The mud extruder extrusion molding.
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2007
- 2007-01-08 CN CN200710036263A patent/CN100575308C/en active Active
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