CN101217553A - A media flow random access treatment method - Google Patents
A media flow random access treatment method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101217553A CN101217553A CNA2008100562361A CN200810056236A CN101217553A CN 101217553 A CN101217553 A CN 101217553A CN A2008100562361 A CNA2008100562361 A CN A2008100562361A CN 200810056236 A CN200810056236 A CN 200810056236A CN 101217553 A CN101217553 A CN 101217553A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a random access processing method of a media flow, which is applicable to stream server, comprising that: A. whether every coded media packet is a random access point or not is judged, and every media packet is added with an extension header used for indicating whether the media packet is the random access point, then the media packet carrying the extension header is storied; B. the media packet requested by the random access is searched after the random access instruction is received, and the packet delivering is controlled according to the instruction of the extension header. Using the invention can avoid judging whether the media packet is the random access point or not by adopting complicated seeking algorithm at each time of random access, thus reducing the consumption to the system resource, improving the efficiency of random access, and reducing cost.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the multimedia communication technology field, relate in particular to a kind of random access processing method that is applicable to the Media Stream of streaming media server.
Background technology
At present, increasing online friend brings into use live streaming media program request technology to watch the media video of issuing on network.Because the bandwidth that media data takies is bigger, in order to reduce the shared bandwidth of media data, generally adopt at present technology of video compressing encoding that the media data frame of transmitting terminal is carried out compressed encoding, in the decoding technique decoding of receiving terminal according to correspondence, thus the reduction media data.The inter-frame encoding that video coding mode commonly used such as mpeg encoded mode, H264 coded system etc. have all adopted motion compensation.This coded system is divided into intracoded frame (Intra frame) and inter-frame encoding frame (Inter frame).Described intracoded frame abbreviates the I frame as, and the I frame adopts the technology of similar single width picture compression, the spatial redundancy information in the distilled edition frame of video; Described inter-frame encoding frame abbreviates the P frame as, mainly is that the time redundancy between the reference frame (can be that the I frame also can be the P frame) that utilizes this frame of video and appointment is come packed data, and what also just say the P frame recording is with respect to the change information between the reference frame.But for random access, the packet that only comprises the I frame could be as random access point.
Fig. 1 is the live streaming media program request scheme schematic diagram of present a kind of typical content-based distribution networks (CDN).Referring to Fig. 1, CDN is a kind of distributed content delivery network that is structured on the data network, and its basic functional principle is the level networking structure at employing center-edge, and CDN system comprises a plurality of streaming media servers, abbreviates streaming server herein as.Wherein mainly comprise Centroid streaming server 100 and several fringe node streaming servers 101,102,103 (the concrete quantity of fringe node does not limit, and as a kind of example, has only shown three among the figure).Described encoder 104 adopts the inter-frame encoding of above-mentioned motion compensation that frame of video is encoded, and the I frame after will encoding or P frame are packaged into RTP (RTP as medium load, Real Time Transport Protocol) medium bag, be called for short the RTP bag, then the RTP bag sent to Centroid streaming server 101 in real time.Described Centroid streaming server 101 is behind the RTP bag that receives or read from encoder 104, copy as many parts, portion is stored in the local film source storehouse 110, other part RTP bag then is distributed to each fringe node streaming server, each fringe node streaming server is stored in the local storage (as an example after receiving described RTP bag, only drawn among Fig. 1 local storage 111 of fringe node streaming server 101, other fringe node streaming server also all has local storage).CDN can utilize GSLB technology and service guiding technique, makes different user terminal (for example terminal among Fig. 11, terminal 2, terminal 3) can visit nearest streaming server, comprises Centroid and fringe node.
When realizing the order program service of Media Stream, user terminal can send playing request to nearest streaming server, streaming server reads out corresponding RTP bag and sends to user terminal according to playing request from local storage, thereby can make the user obtain Video service nearby.If the playing request that streaming server is received is a random access request, for example fast-forward play request, fast reverse play request and positioning playing request etc., then needing in real time near the bag of the RTP the random access point of request to be carried out the I frame search calculates, to judge in the RTP bag to be sent whether comprise the I frame data, could be because only comprise the packet of I frame as random access point.After streaming server is searched for calculating to the RTP bag of random access request, if find it is the RTP bag that comprises the I frame data, then this RTP bag is sent to the terminal of request random access, if not the RTP bag that comprises the I frame data, then do not send, directly skip this RTP bag and search next RTP bag whether comprise the I frame data.
But there is following technical problem in above-mentioned prior art:
1, for the random access request in each road program request, streaming media server all needs to utilize the searching algorithm of I frame to search in each RTP bag whether comprise the I frame data when reading the RTP bag, for some encryption algorithm, the algorithm of searching the I frame is to consume very much system resource, usually exist a plurality of on-demand session for hot programs, will waste a lot of system resources so, thereby cause the cost of streaming server too high.Expending simultaneously so many system resource in real-time VOD also can influence the real-time of media data transmission.
2, the encoding and decoding knowledge that needs specialty for the I frame search algorithm of various coded formats, and the general streaming server that is on the fringe node does not comprise this part function usually, this need transform these general streaming servers, thereby has improved the cost of whole C DN.
3, present standard media file format MP4 for example, the algorithm of form Searching I frames such as 3GP is more simpler, therefore some prior art is wrapped unloading with RTP and is become standard media file format to carry out live or program request, but the unloading process need expends system resource, even unloading becomes standard media file format in addition, but all need to carry out the document analysis search for each road program request, these have also all increased the consumption to system resource.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide a kind of random access processing method of Media Stream, to reduce the consumption to system resource, improves the efficient of random access, reduces cost.
In order to realize the foregoing invention purpose, main technical schemes of the present invention is:
A kind of random access processing method of Media Stream is applicable to streaming server, comprising:
Whether whether each the medium bag behind A, the judgement coding is random access point, be the extension header of random access point for each medium bag increase is used to indicate this medium bag, and store the described prolate-headed medium bag that carries;
B, after receiving random access instruction, search the medium bag that random access is asked, give out a contract for a project according to its prolate-headed indication control.
Preferably, described steps A is handled the medium bag behind the coding successively, and specifically comprises:
Medium bag behind A1, the parsing coding obtains load medium wherein;
A2, search and judge in the described load medium whether comprise the random access dot information, if comprise then judge that this medium bag is a random access point, otherwise this medium bag is not a random access point;
A3, stamp packet header again and become complete medium bag, comprise fixedly packet header and extension header in the described packet header, comprise in the extension header wherein whether this medium bag is the indication information of random access point for described load medium;
A4, the described complete medium bag of storage.
Preferably, described step B specifically comprises:
B1, the instruction of reception random access;
B2, read the medium bag that the instruction of described random access is asked successively;
The extension header of B3, the described medium bag of inspection judges according to prolate-headed indication whether this medium bag is random access point; If this medium bag is a random access point, then this medium bag is sent to the terminal of initiating random access; Otherwise, do not send this medium bag.
Preferably, when described random access instruction was instructed for fast-forward play, then step B2 was specially: unwrap the beginning from the medium of current broadcast and read the medium bag successively according to the up time order;
When described random access instruction was instructed for fast reverse play, then step B2 was specially: unwrap the beginning from the medium of current broadcast and read the medium bag successively according to the inverse time order;
When described random access instruction was instructed for positioning playing, then step B2 read the medium bag nearest apart from this timestamp according to the timestamp in the positioning playing instruction earlier, and execution in step B3; Among the step B3,, then unwrap the beginning and carry out normal play from these medium if successfully send this medium bag; If do not send this medium bag, then return step B2 and read medium bag and execution in step B3 successively according to the up time order, be bundled into merit up to the medium that read and send, then unwrap the beginning and carry out the normal play operation from these medium.
Preferably, this method is applicable to the streaming server in the content distributing network; Described steps A is carried out by the Centroid streaming server, and described step B is carried out by Centroid streaming server and/or fringe node streaming server.
Preferably, the described concrete grammar that carries prolate-headed medium bag of the streaming server of Centroid described in steps A storage is: described medium bag is stored in this Centroid streaming server, simultaneously described medium bag is distributed to the fringe node streaming media server and stores.
Preferably, described steps A the Centroid streaming server from encoder every reception or read one through the coding the medium bag after the execution.
Preferably, described random access dot information is the key frame data after encoding.
Preferably, described indication information is the indication information of the key frame data that comprised in the current media bag; Specifically be divided into:
Be used for indicating the current media bag not contain the indication information of key frame;
Being used to indicate the current media bag is the indication information of first bag of key frame;
Being used to indicate the current media bag is the indication information of last bag of key frame;
Being used to indicate the current media bag is the indication information of the tundish of key frame;
Be used for indicating the current media bag to contain the indication information of complete key frame.
Preferably, described medium bag is RTP medium bags.
Just search whether key frame data is wherein arranged behind the medium bag of the present invention after streaming server is received coding, and the indication information that will whether have key frame and have which type of key frame packs to medium load as extension header, and concurrent cloth has prolate-headed medium bag.When random access, only just can learn by the information that simply reads in the extension header whether the medium bag of being asked comprises key frame data, if comprise then send to the requesting party, otherwise do not send.The present invention can needn't utilize complicated I frame search algorithm that each medium bag is searched for calculating when carrying out random access, just simple identification extension header gets final product, thereby reduce expending of convection current server system resource, promptly reduced the cost of streaming server and even whole C DN, and improved the efficient of random access, made that the speed of random access is faster.When especially existing a plurality of on-demand session for hot programs, the reduction hot programs expends in a large number to system resource, improves the result of broadcast of the real-time random access of hot programs, more can embody advantage of the present invention.
The present invention is in streaming media on demand is used, can finish the search computing function and the prolate-headed packing function of described I frame data by an additional special medium parsing module on the Centroid streaming server, the fringe node streaming server need not to carry out special I frame data search and calculates, when random access, only need simply read extension header, just can know in the RTP bag and whether comprise the I frame data, thereby reduced the cost of CDN system, and can be supported in the live streaming media order program service of arbitrary node.
In addition, because the present invention utilizes extension header to place I frame indication information, thus the compatibility of system can be improved, even common this extension header of streaming server nonrecognition, also can skip this extension header easily, not influence this streaming server and realize normal playing function.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is present a kind of typical live streaming media program request scheme schematic diagram based on CDN;
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of the method for the invention;
Fig. 3 is applied in a kind of flow chart among the CDN for the method for the invention;
Fig. 4 is the form schematic diagram that contains prolate-headed RTP bag of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below by specific embodiments and the drawings the present invention is described in further details.
Fig. 2 is a kind of flow chart of the method for the invention.Referring to Fig. 2, the present invention is the random access processing method of a kind of streaming server to Media Stream, mainly comprises:
Then, streaming server just can provide the live streaming media order program service to terminal.Terminal triggers streaming server and sends corresponding medium bag to terminal by send play instruction to streaming server, and terminal is received and therefrom parsed video requency frame data behind the medium bag and play.For the normal play instruction, the manner of execution of streaming server of the present invention is same as the prior art, repeats no more herein; For the random access instruction, for example fast-forward play request, fast reverse play instruction, fixed point play instruction etc., streaming server then of the present invention need carry out particular processing, promptly needs to carry out following steps 205.
Method of the present invention can be suitable for providing separately the streaming server of live streaming media order program service, and just this streaming server need be carried out each step of above-mentioned flow process.The present invention also goes for the streaming server in the CDN network, just further reduce cost if desired, above-mentioned step 201 to step 204 can be carried out by the Centroid streaming server, the normal play task only carried out by the fringe node streaming server and above-mentioned steps 205 gets final product, and perhaps the Centroid streaming server also can be carried out normal play task and above-mentioned steps 205.Can reduce the cost of fringe node streaming server like this.
Introduce a kind of specific embodiment of the present invention below by described method being applied among the CDN shown in Figure 1 for example.Fig. 3 is the flow chart of this embodiment.Referring to Fig. 3, this flow process comprises:
The medium bag that step 301, Centroid streaming server 100 received code devices 104 send is RTP medium bag (can abbreviate the RTP bag as), and perhaps Centroid streaming server 100 reads the RTP bag from encoder 104; The RTP bag that obtains of buffer memory then.
1) the current RTP bag does not contain the I frame;
2) the current RTP bag is first bag of I frame;
3) the current RTP bag is last bag of I frame;
4) the current RTP bag is the tundish of I frame;
5) the current RTP bag contains complete I frame.
The content of following table 1 is described prolate-headed a kind of concrete syntax structure:
| Grammer | Figure place | Identifier |
| rtp extension(){ defined_by_profile length if(defined_by_profile＝＝0x5A58&& length＝＝1){ header extension() } else{ | 16 16 | bslbf uimsbf |
| Grammer | Figure place | Identifier |
| unknown extention() } | ||
| header extension(){ id len indicator } | 8 8 16 | uimsbf uimsbf uimsbf |
Table 1
In the table 1, identifier bslbf is a Bit String, and left bit first.Identifier uimsbf is a signless integer, and uimsbf unsigned integer most significant bit first.
Each field lexical or textual analysis is as follows:
Defined by profile field value is fixed as 0x5A, 0x58 (" ZX "), and the sign implication is standard expansion of the present invention.
The length field value is 1, and the length of expression extension header (header extension) is 1 32 double word.
The id field value is 3, shows that the current RTP bag contains the indication information of I frame.
The len field is 2, shows that key sign (indicator) subsequently is 2 bytes.
The indicator field indicates whether current RTP has the I frame data, judges situation about writing down according to above-mentioned steps 302, the different situations of utilizing different value indications to be judged, for example:
If value 0x0 then indicate the current RTP bag not have the I frame data;
If value 0x1 then to indicate the current RTP bag be first bag of I frame;
If value 0x2 then to indicate the current RTP bag be the tundish of I frame;
If value 0x4 then to indicate the current RTP bag be last bag of I frame;
If value 0x7 then indicate the current RTP bag to contain complete I frame.
Certainly, described inicator field also can contain the I frame data with unified being designated as with a value of above-mentioned back four kinds of situations in the current RTP bag, can realize follow-up random access playing function equally.But, herein with the separately expression of back four kinds of situations, be in order further to reach better result of broadcast: because Network Transmission may have packet loss, play for fast forwarding and fast rewinding, needing complete I frame information sign terminal could correctly resolve and play, do not wrap in position in the I frame if do not distinguish a RTP, may send incomplete I frame, cause playing the flower screen.
After step 308, fringe node streaming server 101 are received described F.F. instruction, unwrap the beginning from the RTP of current broadcast and read the RTP bag successively according to the up time order.
Step 309～310, fringe node streaming server 101 check that this RTP wraps prolate-headed indicator field, if be 0x1 for each the RTP bag that reads, 0x2,0x4,0x7, representing that this RTP bag contains the I frame data, is random access point, then sends to terminal 1; If be 0x0, then represent not contain the I frame data in this RTP bag, not random access point then, do not send, continue to read next RTP bag and repeat this step.
If described random access request is fast rewinding request instruction, then fringe node streaming server 101 is unwrapped the beginning from the RTP of current broadcast and is read the RTP bag successively according to the inverse time order in the step 308, and carries out subsequent step, can carry out fast reverse play after terminal 1 is received.
If described random access instruction is the positioning playing instruction, then reads the RTP bag nearest according to the timestamp in the positioning playing instruction earlier, and carry out following steps 309 ' apart from this timestamp:
Step 309 ', read this RTP and wrap prolate-headed indicator field, if be 0x1,0x2,0x4,0x7 represents that this RTP bag contains the I frame data, it is random access point, then this RTP bag is sent to terminal 1, unwrap the beginning from this RTP then and carry out normal play, promptly the mode according to normal play reads follow-up RTP bag and transmission.If it is 0x0 that the nearest RTP of the described timestamp of distance wraps prolate-headed indicator field, then represent not contain the I frame data in this RTP bag, not random access point, do not send to terminal 1, read next RTP bag successively and return execution in step 309 ' according to the up time order then.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with the people of this technology in the disclosed technical scope of the present invention; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the random access processing method of a Media Stream is applicable to streaming server, it is characterized in that, comprising:
Whether whether each the medium bag behind A, the judgement coding is random access point, be the extension header of random access point for each medium bag increase is used to indicate this medium bag, and store the described prolate-headed medium bag that carries;
B, after receiving random access instruction, search the medium bag that random access is asked, give out a contract for a project according to its prolate-headed indication control.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described steps A is handled the medium bag behind the coding successively, and specifically comprises:
Medium bag behind A1, the parsing coding obtains load medium wherein;
A2, search and judge in the described load medium whether comprise the random access dot information, if comprise then judge that this medium bag is a random access point, otherwise this medium bag is not a random access point;
A3, stamp packet header again and become complete medium bag, comprise fixedly packet header and extension header in the described packet header, comprise in the extension header wherein whether this medium bag is the indication information of random access point for described load medium;
A4, the described complete medium bag of storage.
3. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described step B specifically comprises:
B1, the instruction of reception random access;
B2, read the medium bag that the instruction of described random access is asked successively;
The extension header of B3, the described medium bag of inspection judges according to prolate-headed indication whether this medium bag is random access point; If this medium bag is a random access point, then this medium bag is sent to the terminal of initiating random access; Otherwise, do not send this medium bag.
4. method according to claim 3 is characterized in that,
When described random access instruction was instructed for fast-forward play, then step B2 was specially: unwrap the beginning from the medium of current broadcast and read the medium bag successively according to the up time order;
When described random access instruction was instructed for fast reverse play, then step B2 was specially: unwrap the beginning from the medium of current broadcast and read the medium bag successively according to the inverse time order;
When described random access instruction was instructed for positioning playing, then step B2 read the medium bag nearest apart from this timestamp according to the timestamp in the positioning playing instruction earlier, and execution in step B3; Among the step B3,, then unwrap the beginning and carry out normal play from these medium if successfully send this medium bag; If do not send this medium bag, then return step B2 and read medium bag and execution in step B3 successively according to the up time order, be bundled into merit up to the medium that read and send, then unwrap the beginning and carry out the normal play operation from these medium.
5. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that this method is applicable to the streaming server in the content distributing network; Described steps A is carried out by the Centroid streaming server, and described step B is carried out by Centroid streaming server and/or fringe node streaming server.
6. method according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, the described concrete grammar that carries prolate-headed medium bag of the streaming server of Centroid described in steps A storage is: described medium bag is stored in this Centroid streaming server, simultaneously described medium bag is distributed to the fringe node streaming media server and stores.
7. method according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described steps A the Centroid streaming server from encoder every reception or read one through the coding the medium bag after the execution.
8. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described random access dot information is the key frame data after encoding.
9. method according to claim 8 is characterized in that, described indication information is the indication information of the key frame data that comprised in the current media bag; Specifically be divided into:
Be used for indicating the current media bag not contain the indication information of key frame;
Being used to indicate the current media bag is the indication information of first bag of key frame;
Being used to indicate the current media bag is the indication information of last bag of key frame;
Being used to indicate the current media bag is the indication information of the tundish of key frame;
Be used for indicating the current media bag to contain the indication information of complete key frame.
10. according to each described method of claim 1 to 9, it is characterized in that described medium bag is RTP medium bags.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101494655B (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2012-06-27 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | RTP distributed stream media service system and method |
| CN102594773A (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-07-18 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for realizing data acquisition |
| CN104221390A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2014-12-17 | 高通股份有限公司 | Enhanced block-request streaming system for handling low-latency streaming |
| CN104902259A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-09 | 北京蓝汛通信技术有限责任公司 | Video processing method and apparatus |
| CN106937160A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-07 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | Display methods and device of a kind of recorded file for terminal in fast forwarding and fast rewinding |
| US10855736B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2020-12-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enhanced block-request streaming using block partitioning or request controls for improved client-side handling |
| US11477253B2 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2022-10-18 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enhanced block-request streaming system using signaling or block creation |
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| US11477253B2 (en) | 2006-06-09 | 2022-10-18 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enhanced block-request streaming system using signaling or block creation |
| CN101494655B (en) * | 2009-03-12 | 2012-06-27 | 中国电信股份有限公司 | RTP distributed stream media service system and method |
| US10855736B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2020-12-01 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enhanced block-request streaming using block partitioning or request controls for improved client-side handling |
| US11770432B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2023-09-26 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enhanced block-request streaming system for handling low-latency streaming |
| US11743317B2 (en) | 2009-09-22 | 2023-08-29 | Qualcomm Incorporated | Enhanced block-request streaming using block partitioning or request controls for improved client-side handling |
| CN102594773A (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-07-18 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for realizing data acquisition |
| WO2012094992A1 (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2012-07-19 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Method and system for data acquisition |
| CN102594773B (en) * | 2011-01-10 | 2017-03-29 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of method and system for realizing data acquisition |
| CN104221390A (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2014-12-17 | 高通股份有限公司 | Enhanced block-request streaming system for handling low-latency streaming |
| CN104221390B (en) * | 2012-04-26 | 2018-10-02 | 高通股份有限公司 | Enhanced block for disposing low latency streaming asks approach system |
| CN104902259A (en) * | 2015-06-16 | 2015-09-09 | 北京蓝汛通信技术有限责任公司 | Video processing method and apparatus |
| CN106937160B (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2019-12-24 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | Display method and device for recorded file of terminal during fast forward and fast backward |
| CN106937160A (en) * | 2017-03-28 | 2017-07-07 | 青岛海信电器股份有限公司 | Display methods and device of a kind of recorded file for terminal in fast forwarding and fast rewinding |
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