CN101217319A - A gain controllable two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier - Google Patents
A gain controllable two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier Download PDFInfo
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- CN101217319A CN101217319A CNA2008100324965A CN200810032496A CN101217319A CN 101217319 A CN101217319 A CN 101217319A CN A2008100324965 A CNA2008100324965 A CN A2008100324965A CN 200810032496 A CN200810032496 A CN 200810032496A CN 101217319 A CN101217319 A CN 101217319A
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of optical fiber amplifiers, which more particularly relates to a two-section erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier which has two sections and can control the gain. The optical fiber amplifier comprises a two-section erbium-doped optical fiber amplifying part and a gain control part, wherein the two-section erbium-doped optical fiber amplifying part comprises a 980mn pump laser source, a two-section erbium-doped optical fiber, an optical isolator, a signal and pump multiplexer, and a signal and pump demultiplexer; the gain control part comprises the signal input and output and the power measurement of output return light, as well as a controller of the pump laser device. The two-section optical circuit structure can effectively isolate an ASE noise in counterpropagation, thus optimizing the noise isolation performance of the amplifier. The gain control part can implement the gain control and optimization of the amplifier by monitoring the output power of the pump laser device.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fiber amplifier, particularly a kind of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of controllable gain.
Background technology
Along with the continuous development of the communication technology, the broadband more and more is subjected to social extensive concern with communicating by letter of high speed.Especially at optical communication field, the huge potential bandwidth that transmission that it is stable and DWDM (dense wave division multipurpose) bring, wideband transmit are attracted attention by the people more.Since the erbium-doped fiber amplifier commercialization, it undoubtedly plays crucial effects in all optical communication.Erbium is through activating, it the 1550nm window both can be with digital signal, also analog signal light can be carried out the amplification of full light, all be transparent to sign indicating number type and speed.980nm optical pumping laser can inject the high strength energy to special optical fiber, thereby activates erbium ion, and the light signal in the transmission is amplified.
Erbium-doped fiber amplifier can amplify a plurality of wavelength or signal simultaneously, and with the relation to bit rate of signal, also have simultaneously high-gain, high-output power, low noise, wide bandwidth, with advantage such as polarization irrelevant.In a lot of fields and occasion, erbium-doped fiber amplifier just progressively replaces traditional light-electrical-optical repeater mode, becomes indispensable critical component in the modern optical fiber telecommunications system.
The basic principle of erbium-doped fiber amplifier is to utilize Er-doped fiber to realize population inversion under pump energy, and transition by pump energy and relaxation are converted into the amplification that signal energy realizes signal.In real system, because the existence of spontaneous radiation and optical noise, erbium-doped fiber amplifier is not only propagated and amplifying signal light, and also having amplified spontaneous radiation, this non-flashlight of propagating in optical fiber and amplifying is called (the amplified spont-aneous emission: Amplified SpontaneousEmission) of ASE light.Though the power of ASE is very little, the frequency that it covers is very wide, can consume the pump power of a part, and two directions of propagation (forward and reverse) is arranged to such an extent as to influence the multiplication factor of signal.Especially the ASE light of reverse transfer is through after the reverse amplification, and quite big when passing to the input of erbium-doped fiber amplifier, the flashlight of this moment is then the most weak, will directly cause the deterioration of noise factor and signal gain like this.So for erbium-doped fiber amplifier, gain is not unique index, evaluation during an erbium-doped fiber amplifier noise factor also be an important index, and its performance depends primarily on the size of the spontaneous radiation of having amplified in the transmission course.
Traditional unistage type erbium-doped fiber amplifier light path is as shown in Figure 2: flashlight and pump light are coupled into Er-doped fiber by coupler, and the length of Er-doped fiber generally is modeled in given pumping efficiency by theory and is issued to maximization.Owing to exist stimulated radiation and spontaneous radiation simultaneously in the erbium-doped fiber amplifier, spontaneous radiation is constantly amplified in the process of propagating, and can become obvious noise during to output, thereby influence the signal to noise ratio of output signal.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to overcome the deficiency of above-mentioned existing erbium-doped fiber amplifier, a kind of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of controllable gain is provided, ASE noise by isolating backpropagation and with gain blocked at a steady state value, thereby optimized noiseproof feature and gain.
Technical solution of the present invention is as follows:
A kind of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of controllable gain is characterized in:
1. Er-doped fiber is arranged: first Er-doped fiber 6 and Er-doped fiber 10 in the whole optical path;
2. signal/pumping Wave decomposing multiplexer 7, the second optical isolator spare 8 and the secondary signal/pumping wave division multiplexing device 9 that connects successively arranged between two sections Er-doped fibers 6 and 10, be used for isolating the ASE of backpropagation in second section longer Er-doped fiber, make it to enter first section Er-doped fiber.
Among the present invention, the two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of described controllable gain, wherein:
(1) before first Er-doped fiber 6, is provided with signal/pumping wave division multiplexer 5, before this signal/pumping wave division multiplexer 5, be provided with optical splitter 2, in the beam split oppositely of this optical splitter, be provided with pin pipe and receive the signal input power measurement device that detector 3 is formed; Between optical splitter 2 and input signal, also be provided with first optical isolator 1;
(2) after second Er-doped fiber 10, be provided with the 3rd optical isolator 11, after this optical isolator 11, be provided with second optical splitter 13, on the branch light direction of this second optical splitter 13, be provided with the 2nd pin pipe and receive the output power signal measurement mechanism that detector 14 is formed; What be provided with on the light echo direction of this second optical splitter 13 that the 3rd pin pipe receives that detector 12 forms has a light echo output power measurement device;
(3) the pin pipe reception detector 3,12 and 14 signals of telecommunication that detect are all charged to pumping laser controller 15, this pumping laser controller 15 is controlled the work of pump laser 4 in view of the above, and the laser power of pump laser 4 is by first section Er-doped fiber of signal/pumping wave division multiplexer 5 and flashlight coupling back input.
Among the present invention, the wavelength of described pump laser is 980nm.
Among the present invention, described signal/pumping wave division multiplexer 5 and 9 adopts Mach-once special wavelength division multiplexer, also can adopt the wavelength division multiplexer of fused biconical taper double-channel wave multiplexer or film filtering.
Among the present invention, described pumping laser controller 15 comprises an analog to digital converter (A/D), a digital to analog converter (D/A) and microprocessor (MCU).The function of its gain controlling is specific as follows:
One, measuring-signal gain
1. signal input power measurement device and output power signal measurement mechanism record the instant laser power of input, output signal, and export the corresponding signal of telecommunication;
2. the A/D converter of pump laser controller converts the signal of telecommunication of power-measuring device output to digital signal by analog quantity;
3. through microprocessor processes, try to achieve the gain of signal.
Two, compare the pump power of fine setting pump laser with target gain
1. actual gain and the predefined target gain with signal compares, the pumping laser controller goes out the increase or the decrease of pump laser injection current according to certain step size computation, convert this result to analog signal by D/A converter and export pump laser to, to reach the power of fine setting pump laser.
2. record the gain of adjusted real-time signal according to the method in the first step, repeat step 1., reach target gain up to the signal gain of pump laser.
Technique effect of the present invention:
1. the present invention adopts two segment length is separated by isolator through the Er-doped fiber of optimizing, and allow flashlight to pass through from forward, and the ASE light of repercussion can't pass through leading portion optical fiber.Thereby oppositely the ASE noise can not consume the power of pump laser, influences the amplification of signal at leading portion, has improved signal gain.
2. because reverse ASE noise does not obtain amplifying at first section optical fiber, can reduce the noise factor of the first order.Because in the multilevel system, the total noise factor of system mainly is the influence that is subjected to first order noise factor, so can reduce noise factor.
3. adopt a pin pipe to receive the light that returns from output, do light echo and detect.In a single day opening circuit appears in the optical fiber link of output back, and local erbium-doped fiber amplifier can detect stronger reflected wave, so that single-chip microcomputer can in time turn-off pump laser source, avoids injuring other optical device and alarm.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of controllable gain of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the structure diagram of a simple unistage type erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
Fig. 3 is the light path performance optimization figure of the two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of controllable gain of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the signal output signal-to-noise ratio of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier when signal wavelength is 1530nm of controllable gain of the present invention.
Fig. 5 is the signal output signal-to-noise ratio of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier when signal wavelength is 1540nm of controllable gain of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is the signal output signal-to-noise ratio of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier when signal wavelength is 1550nm of controllable gain of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is the signal output signal-to-noise ratio of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier when signal wavelength is 1560nm of controllable gain of the present invention.
Number in the figure:
1-first optical isolator, 2 first optical splitters, 3 is that pin pipe receives detector, the 4-pump laser, 5-first signal/pumping wave division multiplexer, 6-first Er-doped fiber 1,7-signal/pumping Wave decomposing multiplexer, 8-second optical isolator, 9-secondary signal/pumping wave division multiplexer, 10-second Er-doped fiber, 11-the 3rd optical isolator, 12-the 3rd pin pipe detector, 13-second optical splitter, 14-the 2nd pin pipe receives surveys device, 15-pumping laser controller.
Embodiment
At first see also Fig. 1, Fig. 1 is the structure diagram of the two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of controllable gain of the present invention.As seen from the figure, the present invention inputs to signal output from signal and comprises first optical isolator 1 successively, first optical splitter 2, first signal/pumping wave division multiplexer 5, first Er-doped fiber 6, signal/pumping Wave decomposing multiplexer 7, second optical isolator 8, secondary signal/pumping wave division multiplexer 9, second Er-doped fiber 10, the 3rd optical isolator 11, second optical splitter 13, wherein:
1. two sections Er-doped fibers 6 and 10 are arranged in the whole optical path, between two sections Er-doped fibers signal/pumping Wave decomposing multiplexer 7, the second optical isolator spare 8 and the secondary signal/pumping wave division multiplexing device 9 that connects successively arranged, be used for isolating the ASE of backpropagation in second section longer Er-doped fiber, make it to enter first section Er-doped fiber.
2. pump excitation device 4 adopts the pump laser of 980nm, and the pump light that will close behind the ripple by signal/pumping wave division multiplexer 5 is coupled into Er-doped fiber 6;
3. before first signal/pumping wave division multiplexer 5, be provided with first optical splitter 2, in the beam split oppositely of this first optical splitter 2, be provided with pin pipe and receive the signal input power measurement device that detector 3 is formed, be exactly specifically: signal is told 1% by first optical splitter 2, enter pin pipe 3 and detect the power of input optical signal, and export the corresponding signal of telecommunication;
4. after the 3rd optical isolator 11, be provided with second optical splitter 13, on the branch light direction of this second optical splitter 13, be provided with the 2nd pin pipe and receive the output power signal measurement mechanism that detector 14 is formed, be exactly specifically: signal is told 1% by second optical splitter 13, enter pin pipe 14 and detect the power of output light signal, and export the corresponding signal of telecommunication;
5. after the 3rd optical isolator, be provided with second optical splitter 13, on the light echo direction of this second optical splitter 13, be provided with the 3rd pin pipe and receive the light echo output power measurement device that detector 12 is formed, be exactly specifically: reverse heliogram is told 1% by optical splitter 13, enter pin pipe 12 and detect the power of heliogram, and export the corresponding signal of telecommunication;
6. also be provided with pumping laser controller 15, the signal of telecommunication that pin pipe 3,12,14 detects is imported pumping laser controller 15 respectively, this pumping laser controller calculates instant gain in view of the above, regulate the work of pump laser 4, the laser power of pump laser 4 comes ride gain to reach predetermined value by first section Er-doped fiber 6 of signal/pumping wave division multiplexer 5 and flashlight coupling back input.
7. because the pump light of 8 couples of 980nm of second isolator can not transparent conducting, so need separate division multiplexing device 7 and signal/pumping wave division multiplexer 9 carries out partial wave and closes ripple pump light at second isolator, 8 two ends with signal/pumping wave.
8. pump laser controller 15 is according to the signal of telecommunication of 3 pin pipes, 2,12,14 outputs, calculate the instant gain of light, the actual gain and the predefined target gain of signal are compared, pumping laser controller 15 goes out the increase or the decrease of pump laser 4 injection currents according to certain step size computation, convert this result to analog signal by D/A converter and export pump laser 4 to, to reach the power of fine setting pump laser 4.And repeat this process, reach target gain up to the signal gain of pump laser 4.Thereby reach the effect of ride gain a fixed value.
Fig. 2 has provided the index path of a simple erbium-doped fiber amplifier: flashlight and pump light are coupled into Er-doped fiber by coupler.In the preparation process of optical fiber, manage in the fibre core of optical fiber, to participate in a certain amount of trivalent erbium ion (Er
3+), just formed Er-doped fiber.When pump light passes through Er-doped fiber, Er in the Er-doped fiber
3+Electronics be excited to higher energy level (excitation state).When an electronics was in high level, it turned back to ground state by relaxation, and gave off energy by radiation or nonradiative transition.Nonradiative transition will produce phonon, i.e. the quantization of surrounding medium vibration.And the radiation transistion from the high level to the low-lying level comprises two kinds of forms: spontaneous radiation and stimulated radiation.Under these two kinds of forms, all there is photon to be launched.Photon phase place, polarization state, the direction of propagation even wavelength that spontaneous radiation produces all are at random, and the phase place of photon that stimulated radiation produces and excitation photon, polarization state, the direction of propagation, photon that wavelength is all identical---become complete same photon.Always have spontaneous radiation when particle is in excitation state and produce, and when having only the photon that equates with the energy difference of ground state level when an energy and excitation level to incide in the medium, just can bring out stimulated radiation.When pump light when the Er-doped fiber, can bring out metastable particle and transit to ground state, and the same complete same photon in generation and the incident optical signal with the form of stimulated radiation, increased the number of photon in the flashlight.So-called signal amplifies by such mechanism realizes that such amplifier is exactly an erbium-doped fiber amplifier.
Fig. 3 is the light path performance optimization figure of the two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier simulation of controllable gain of the present invention.NF
0, G
0The noise factor and the gain of two-part structure after the representing optimized respectively, NF
i, G
iRespectively the unistage type structure do not optimized of representative noise factor and gain.As seen, the two-part structure after the optimization is under pump power, input signal power and Er-doped fiber identical length situation together, and gain has improved 1.9dB, and noise factor is improved.
Fig. 4 is the signal output signal-to-noise ratio of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier when signal wavelength is 1530nm of controllable gain of the present invention.The input pumping is 30mW, and signal wavelength is 1530nm, and input power is-20dBm.
Fig. 5 is the signal output signal-to-noise ratio of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier when signal wavelength is 1540nm of controllable gain of the present invention.The input pumping is 30mW, and signal wavelength is 1540nm, and input power is-20dBm.
Fig. 6 is the signal output signal-to-noise ratio of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier when signal wavelength is 1550nm of controllable gain of the present invention.The input pumping is 30mW, and signal wavelength is 1550nm, and input power is-20dBm.
Fig. 7 is the signal output signal-to-noise ratio of two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier when signal wavelength is 1560nm of controllable gain of the present invention.The input pumping is 30mW, and signal wavelength is 1560nm, and input power is-20dBm.
Claims (5)
1. the two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of a controllable gain is characterized in that:
1. two sections Er-doped fibers are arranged in the whole optical path: first Er-doped fiber (6) and second Er-doped fiber (10),
2. between two sections Er-doped fibers signal/pumping Wave decomposing multiplexer (7), the second optical isolator spare (8) and the secondary signal/pumping wave division multiplexing device (9) that connects is successively arranged, be used for isolating the spontaneous radiation of backpropagation in second section longer Er-doped fiber, make it to enter first section Er-doped fiber.
2. the two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of controllable gain system according to claim 1 is characterized in that:
1. be provided with first signal/pumping wave division multiplexer (5) before at first Er-doped fiber (6), second Er-doped fiber (10) is provided with the 3rd optical isolator (11) afterwards, be provided with first optical splitter (2) before at this first signal/pumping wave division multiplexer (5), in the beam split oppositely of this first this optical splitter (2), be provided with pin pipe and receive the signal input power measurement device that detector (3) is formed; Between this first optical splitter (2) and input signal, be provided with first optical isolator (1);
2. be provided with second optical splitter (13) afterwards at the 3rd optical isolator (11), on the branch light direction of this second optical splitter (13), be provided with the 2nd pin pipe and receive the output power signal measurement mechanism that monitor (14) is formed; On the light echo direction of this second optical splitter (13), be provided with the 3rd pin pipe and receive the light echo output power measurement device that monitor (12) is formed;
3. the signal of telecommunication of pin pipe reception monitor (3,12 and 14) detection is imported pumping laser controller (15) respectively, this pumping laser controller (5) is controlled the work of pump laser (4) in view of the above, and the laser power of pump laser (4) is by first signal/pumping wave division multiplexer (5) and flashlight coupling back input first section Er-doped fiber (6).
3. the two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of controllable gain according to claim 2, the wavelength that it is characterized in that described pump laser is 980nm.
4. the two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of controllable gain according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described signal/pumping wave division multiplexer adopts Mach-once special wavelength division multiplexer, perhaps adopt fused biconical taper double-channel wave multiplexer, perhaps adopt the wavelength division multiplexer of film filtering.
5. the two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier of controllable gain according to claim 2 is characterized in that described pumping laser controller comprises 1 analog to digital converter, 1 digital to analog converter and microprocessor, and the concrete function of its gain controlling is as follows:
One, measuring-signal gain
1. signal input power measurement device and output power signal measurement mechanism record the instant luminous power of input, output signal, and export the corresponding signal of telecommunication;
2. the A/D converter of pump laser controller converts the signal of telecommunication of power-measuring device output to digital signal by analog quantity;
3. through microprocessor processes, try to achieve the gain of signal;
Two, compare the pump power of fine setting pump laser with target gain
1. actual gain and the predefined target gain with signal compares, the pumping laser controller goes out the increase or the decrease of pump laser injection current according to certain step size computation, convert this result to analog signal by D/A converter and export pump laser to, to reach the power of fine setting pump laser;
2. record the gain of adjusted real-time signal according to the method in the first step, repeat step 1., reach target gain up to the signal gain of pump laser.
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| CNA2008100324965A CN101217319A (en) | 2008-01-10 | 2008-01-10 | A gain controllable two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier |
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| CNA2008100324965A CN101217319A (en) | 2008-01-10 | 2008-01-10 | A gain controllable two-segment erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier |
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Cited By (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102122992A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-07-13 | 上海华魏光纤传感技术有限公司 | Low-noise optical fiber amplifier |
| CN102231473A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-11-02 | 上海光家仪器仪表有限公司 | EDFA (Erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier) |
| CN102252834A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-11-23 | 武汉锐科光纤激光器技术有限责任公司 | Photon darkening test system for gain fiber |
| CN103323923A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-25 | 深圳新飞通光电子技术有限公司 | Optical assembly for OLT and with function of conducting double-trouble-diagnosing |
| CN104038287A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2014-09-10 | 国家电网公司 | Ultra-long-spaced OPGW (Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire) optical fiber communication system capable of obtaining energy on site and implementation method thereof |
| CN105514783A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 桂林汉石科技有限公司 | Bidirectional pumping erbium-doped fiber amplifier |
| CN106299992A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-01-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | fiber amplifier gain control method and device |
| CN106785833A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏黑马高科股份有限公司 | A kind of erbium-doped fiber amplifier of power limiting gain controllable |
| CN108873559A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-11-23 | 宏力光电科技（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of fiber amplifier |
| CN109462136A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-12 | 无锡市德科立光电子技术有限公司 | A kind of erbium-doped fiber amplifier of adjustable gain |
| CN113612106A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-05 | 南京恒高光电研究院有限公司 | Push-pull optical amplifier |
| CN114166757A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-11 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Multifunctional mixed gas photoacoustic detection device and method |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102122992A (en) * | 2010-12-29 | 2011-07-13 | 上海华魏光纤传感技术有限公司 | Low-noise optical fiber amplifier |
| CN102231473A (en) * | 2011-05-20 | 2011-11-02 | 上海光家仪器仪表有限公司 | EDFA (Erbium-doped optical fiber amplifier) |
| CN102252834A (en) * | 2011-06-28 | 2011-11-23 | 武汉锐科光纤激光器技术有限责任公司 | Photon darkening test system for gain fiber |
| CN103323923A (en) * | 2012-03-21 | 2013-09-25 | 深圳新飞通光电子技术有限公司 | Optical assembly for OLT and with function of conducting double-trouble-diagnosing |
| CN104038287A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2014-09-10 | 国家电网公司 | Ultra-long-spaced OPGW (Optical Fiber Composite Overhead Ground Wire) optical fiber communication system capable of obtaining energy on site and implementation method thereof |
| CN106299992A (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-01-04 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | fiber amplifier gain control method and device |
| CN106299992B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2019-11-12 | 南京中兴新软件有限责任公司 | Fiber amplifier gain control method and device |
| CN105514783A (en) * | 2015-12-30 | 2016-04-20 | 桂林汉石科技有限公司 | Bidirectional pumping erbium-doped fiber amplifier |
| CN106785833A (en) * | 2016-12-06 | 2017-05-31 | 江苏黑马高科股份有限公司 | A kind of erbium-doped fiber amplifier of power limiting gain controllable |
| CN108873559A (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2018-11-23 | 宏力光电科技（深圳）有限公司 | A kind of fiber amplifier |
| CN108873559B (en) * | 2018-09-21 | 2023-12-01 | 宏力光电科技（深圳）有限公司 | Optical fiber amplifier |
| CN109462136A (en) * | 2018-12-27 | 2019-03-12 | 无锡市德科立光电子技术有限公司 | A kind of erbium-doped fiber amplifier of adjustable gain |
| CN113612106A (en) * | 2021-08-05 | 2021-11-05 | 南京恒高光电研究院有限公司 | Push-pull optical amplifier |
| CN114166757A (en) * | 2021-12-08 | 2022-03-11 | 国网江苏省电力有限公司检修分公司 | Multifunctional mixed gas photoacoustic detection device and method |
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