CN101216773A - Embedded Linux system firmware downloading method and device - Google Patents
Embedded Linux system firmware downloading method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN101216773A CN101216773A CNA2008100650273A CN200810065027A CN101216773A CN 101216773 A CN101216773 A CN 101216773A CN A2008100650273 A CNA2008100650273 A CN A2008100650273A CN 200810065027 A CN200810065027 A CN 200810065027A CN 101216773 A CN101216773 A CN 101216773A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for downloading firmware of an embedded Linux system. According to the principle of downloading from the simple to the complex, the most fundamental and simplest part is downloaded through a serial port, then the more complex part is downloaded, and finally, a user application program is downloaded. By adopting the device and the method provided by the invention, the firmware downloading for the embedded Linux system can be completed by a PC, thus a Flash memory is programmed through serial port and a high-speed serial interface, and the disposition of the whole system is completed. Compared with prior art, the invention has the advantages of high downloading speed, simple operation, low cost, and suitability for both R&D stage and mass production stage.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the embedded system field, particularly relate to a kind of in embedded Linux system the method and apparatus of quick-downloading and firmware updating.
Background technology
In general, embedded system is equipment or the system that carries out special function and controlled by inner computer.Embedded system is applied to every field more and more widely, has been deep into the every aspect of people's life.Embedded system is not generally used general purpose computer, and operation is the software that solidifies, i.e. firmware.In the embedded system performance history, the download of firmware and the upgrading work that is absolutely necessary.The research staff needs continuous repeated downloads firmware, with the function of test and checking product; Producers need download firmware in enormous quantities, to finish production task; The engineering staff needs quick firmware updating, with the function of upgrading products.Therefore, a kind of method of firmware downloads quickly and easily is very important.The method of firmware downloads mainly contains two big classes at present: one is to use programmable device that device is carried out independent programming; Two are to use online download technology, in the device with the firmware downloads Target Board.Use programmable device programming device, must take off device from circuit board, very inconvenient.Online download technology inserts the inconvenience of taking out device when having removed debugging from continually, has also made things convenient for later upgrading.
In multiple embedded system, the most noticeable is embedded Linux system.As a kind of open source code operating system, the application of linux system in built-in field can be saved great amount of cost.At present, the firmware downloads of embedded Linux system in the general mode that adopts online download of development, and adopts programmable device programming mode when volume production.Because opening and the relative complexity of Linux, online download firmware is the process of a relative complex.An embedded Linux system is seen from the angle of software and can be divided into four parts usually: bootstrap loader, linux kernel, file system and user application.To dispose a complete system by hand, just need download this four kinds of image files one by one, wherein relate to a plurality of orders and parameter, certain complicacy is arranged, operating personnel are required than higher, if misoperation also may cause failed download.If adopt programmable device programming firmware, one comes possibly device constantly to be inserted and extracts, and two come the cost of programmable device own also than higher.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical matters of the relative complex of prior art in downloading linux system firmware process, a kind of firmware downloads apparatus and method of embedded Linux system are provided, realized by in enterprising line operate of the terminal that contains the firmware source and control, finish firmware and download to Target Board from terminal, and write in the Flash reservoir, thereby finish the download and the renewal of firmware.
The firmware downloads device of the embedded Linux system that the present invention proposes, comprise: Target Board, contain the terminal in firmware source, described Target Board links to each other by serial ports with terminal, and terminal downloads to Target Board with the boot in the firmware of embedded Linux system by serial ports; Described Target Board links to each other by HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface with terminal, and non-boot part downloads to Target Board by HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface in the firmware of terminal with embedded Linux system.
Preferably, described HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface is with in the lower interface any one: network interface, USB interface, IEEE1394 interface.
Preferably, terminal downloads to Target Board with operating system in the firmware of embedded Linux system and user program by HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface.
Preferably, described terminal is by in the following agreement any one: Xmodem Protocol, Kermit, Ymodem, Zmodem download to Target Board with the boot in the firmware of embedded Linux system by serial ports.
Preferably, described terminal is by in the following agreement any one: TFTP agreement, File Transfer Protocol, http protocol, non-boot part downloads to Target Board by HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface in the firmware with embedded Linux system.
The firmware downloads method of the embedded Linux system that the present invention proposes comprises following downloading process:
1) Target Board is linked to each other with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface by serial ports with the terminal that contains the firmware source, and power on;
2) terminal downloads to Target Board by serial ports with the boot in the firmware of embedded Linux system;
3) terminal partly downloads to Target Board by non-boot in the firmware of HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface with embedded Linux system.
Preferably, the HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface that terminal is connected with Target Board in the described step 1) is for in the lower interface any one: network interface, USB interface, IEEE1394 interface.
Preferably, described step 3) is specially: terminal downloads to Target Board by HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface with operating system in the firmware of embedded Linux system and user program.
Preferably, be specially in the described step 1): terminal is by in the following agreement any one: Xmodem Protocol, Kermit, Ymodem, Zmodem download to Target Board with the boot in the firmware of embedded Linux system.
Preferably, be specially in the described step 3): terminal is by in the following agreement any one: TFTP agreement, File Transfer Protocol, http protocol, non-boot partly downloads to Target Board in the firmware with embedded Linux system.
The firmware downloads apparatus and method of the embedded Linux system that the present invention proposes, make the firmware downloads of embedded Linux system to finish by personal computer, realized the Flash storer being carried out programming, and finished the deployment of total system by serial ports and HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface.Compared with prior art, speed of download of the present invention is fast, simple to operate, cost is low, both has been suitable for development, also is suitable for the volume production stage.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention firmware downloads process flow diagram;
Fig. 2 is a preferred embodiment of the present invention download apparatus schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the process flow diagram of downloading guides program in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is a process flow diagram of downloading linux kernel and file system in the preferred embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the process flow diagram of download user application program in the preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by specific embodiment technical scheme of the present invention is elaborated.
Inspiration of the present invention derives from robot program common in the computer system.When embedded Linux system was researched and developed, what download firmware was generally used was that method is: with serial ports and network interface linking objective plate, input related command and parameter in hyper terminal are with the download and the programming of control image file.Whole downloading process is relatively complicated, needs to be familiar with the relevant software and hardware knowledge and the parameter of goal systems.And, needing often upgrading linux kernel, file system and user application in the development phase, constantly repetitive operation, input instruction have reduced development efficiency.The present invention uses the specific program on the personal computer to replace developer's work, just as a robot program, automatically according to different situations, sends suitable instruction to Target Board, to realize the download of firmware.Now the special-purpose control program on the personal computer is called download tool, as follows.
Firmware downloads process flow diagram as shown in Figure 1, the firmware of linux system is divided into: boot part and non-boot part, wherein non-boot comprises: operating system and user program.Boot partly is in the present embodiment: bootstrap loader, non-boot partly is: linux kernel, file system, user application.The process of download firmware is as follows:
1. connect Target Board, and power on.
The terminal and the Target Board that will contain the firmware source couple together by serial ports and HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface, start " download tool ", and Target Board is powered on, and prepare to begin to download.The connected mode of terminal and Target Board download apparatus schematic diagram as shown in Figure 2.Present embodiment high speed serial line interface adopts network interface, also can select to adopt USB interface or IEEE1394 interface (a kind of serial interface standard efficiently, powerful and stable performance, and support hot-swappable and plug and play, can on a port, connect nearly 63 equipment).
2. pass through serial ports, (Xmodem Protocol is a kind of widely used asynchronous file transport protocol to use Xmodem Protocol, this agreement is with the form transmission data of 128 block of bytes, and each piece all uses a verification and process to carry out error-detecting) the downloading guides loading procedure.Also can adopt other agreement to download, for example (Kermit also is a kind of asynchronous file transport protocol to Kermit, its speed is slower than Ymodem or Zmodem), (Ymodem is a kind of enhanced form of Xmodem Protocol to Ymodem, it once transmits and can send or accept several files), (Zmodem is a kind of enhanced form of Xmodem Protocol to Zmodem, and it does not need each piece is all approved.In fact, it just requires the piece that damages is retransmitted simply.It can not only transmit bigger data, and error rate is littler) etc., select for use Xmodem Protocol mainly to be in the present embodiment because this agreement is fairly simple general.Because the serial ports simple general-purpose generally all has the serial communication ability when embedded system has just started, carry out so the download of boot is adapted to pass through serial ports.
After powering on, Target Board sends out " CCC " character, and prompting is ready to." download tool " sends the programming instruction, and by serial ports and Xmodem Protocol, (RomBoot, U-Boot) downloads on the DataFlash with bootstrap loader.Downloading guides loading procedure flow process as shown in Figure 3.The process of downloading guides loading procedure may be slightly different in response to different systems, the cpu chip that has is not supported directly to guide outside sheet, so need RomBoot (read-only boot, the original upload that generally is used for system) comes channeling conduct, the cpu chip that has does not need RomBoot, directly load U-Boot (a kind of bootstrap loader is used to load embedded OS).The order of downloading is to download RomBoot earlier, downloads U-Boot again, and Fig. 3 has also shown this order.
3. pass through network interface, use TFTP agreement (Trival File Transfer Protocol TFTP, be used between client computer and server, carrying out the agreement of simple files transmission, the file transfer services of provide uncomplicated, expense is little) downloads linux kernel and file system, and write the Flash storer.Can also adopt other agreement to download herein, File Transfer Protocol (FileTransfer Protocol file transfer protocol (FTP) for example, be used between client computer and server, carrying out the agreement of file transfer, comprehensive and reliable file transfer services is provided), HTTP (HyperTex TransferProtocol HTML (Hypertext Markup Language), be used for uploading the agreement of transmission information) at WWW, but, realize easily, than being more suitable for download firmware because TFTP is fairly simple.
After previous step is finished, download linux kernel and file system flow process as shown in Figure 4, enter the order line state of U-Boot, " download tool " sends download command, download in the internal memory by network interface and TFTP agreement map linux kernel and file system, send the programming instruction again, map is written on the Flash storer.
4. by network interface, use TFTP agreement download user application program, and be saved in assigned catalogue.Also can adopt other agreement herein, for example FTP, HTTP, but because TFTP is fairly simple, realize easily, than being more suitable for download firmware.
After previous step was finished, download user application flows as shown in Figure 5 entered the order line state of Linux, " download tool " sends order, carry out script, the compressed package of user application is downloaded to temp directory, again compressed package is unziped to assigned catalogue by network interface and TFTP agreement.
5. firmware downloads is finished.
So far, the task of download firmware is finished.Whole downloading process is by " download tool " control, and operating personnel need not intervene, and only need click order button, starts downloading task, waits then for a moment, and firmware will download on the Target Board automatically.
In addition, any one in the present invention all right downloading guides loading procedure, linux kernel, file system and the user application separately or a plurality of is as long as the project that selection will be downloaded in " download tool ".Very convenient for the developer like this, because the developer often only needs updating file system or user application.
The dividing mode of firmware is various, and there is different dividing mode in different systems, and what have divides by function, and what have divides by storage medium.In general, the embedded system that operating system is arranged on function, will have three parts: boot, operating system and user program at least.The principle that the substep that the present invention proposes is downloaded is from simple to complexity, downloads the simple parts (as boot) earlier, downloads comparatively complicated part (as operating system) again, last download user application program.Because the serial ports simple general-purpose generally all has the serial communication ability, so the download of boot is generally undertaken by serial ports when embedded system has just started.Next, because that operating system and user program take up space is bigger, if use serial ports to download, speed is understood slow.And boot was downloaded and was finished and move this moment, and it can support more communication interface, and for example network interface, USB interface etc. are so can use these high-speed interfaces to come down operation system and application program.
For the firmware downloads of other embedded system, also can use for reference method for down loading of the present invention, use a download tool to finish the control of downloading process.Particularly in the complicated embedded system, the advantage that substep is downloaded is just more obvious.
The present invention is not owing to need other equipment to get involved in downloading process, and downloading process is simple, directly perceived, and operating personnel need not special training, have improved batch process efficient greatly.Simultaneously download interface is simple, and reliability height, cost are low.Solved the shortcoming that high reliability, low cost, high-level efficiency can't be taken into account in the prior art.And having unified method of operating, developer, producers or engineering staff use handy.
After tested, adopt the present invention to download whole embedded Linux system and only need about two minutes (wherein the startup of Linux occupies half a minute approximately).Under the situation of not adding miscellaneous equipment, only need operation " download tool ", just can realize that a key is quick-downloading, great advantage of the present invention just.
Above content be in conjunction with concrete preferred implementation to further describing that the present invention did, can not assert that concrete enforcement of the present invention is confined to these explanations.For the general technical staff of the technical field of the invention, without departing from the inventive concept of the premise, can also make some simple deduction or replace, all should be considered as belonging to protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. the firmware downloads device of an embedded Linux system, it is characterized in that, described device comprises: Target Board, contain the terminal in firmware source, described Target Board links to each other by serial ports with terminal, and terminal downloads to Target Board with the boot in the firmware of embedded Linux system by serial ports; Described Target Board links to each other by HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface with terminal, and non-boot part downloads to Target Board by HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface in the firmware of terminal with embedded Linux system.
2. the firmware downloads device of embedded Linux system according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface is with in the lower interface any one: network interface, USB interface, IEEE1394 interface.
3. the firmware downloads device of embedded Linux system according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, terminal downloads to Target Board with operating system in the firmware of embedded Linux system and user program by HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface.
4. the firmware downloads device of embedded Linux system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described terminal is by in the following agreement any one: Xmodem Protocol, Kermit, Ymodem, Zmodem download to Target Board with the boot in the firmware of embedded Linux system by serial ports.
5. the firmware downloads device of embedded Linux system according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterized in that, described terminal is by in the following agreement any one: TFTP agreement, File Transfer Protocol, http protocol, non-boot part downloads to Target Board by HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface in the firmware with embedded Linux system.
6. the firmware downloads method of an embedded Linux system is characterized in that, described method comprises following downloading process:
1) Target Board is linked to each other with HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface by serial ports with the terminal that contains the firmware source, and power on;
2) terminal downloads to Target Board by serial ports with the boot in the firmware of embedded Linux system;
3) terminal partly downloads to Target Board by non-boot in the firmware of HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface with embedded Linux system.
7. the firmware downloads method of embedded Linux system according to claim 6, it is characterized in that the HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface that terminal is connected with Target Board in the described step 1) is for in the lower interface any one: network interface, USB interface, IEEE1394 interface.
8. according to the firmware downloads method of claim 6 or 7 described embedded Linux systems, it is characterized in that described step 3) is specially: terminal downloads to Target Board by HSSI High-Speed Serial Interface with operating system in the firmware of embedded Linux system and user program.
9. according to the firmware downloads method of claim 6 or 7 described embedded Linux systems, it is characterized in that, be specially in the described step 1): terminal is by in the following agreement any one: Xmodem Protocol, Kermit, Ymodem, Zmodem download to Target Board with the boot in the firmware of embedded Linux system.
10. according to the firmware downloads method of claim 6 or 7 described embedded Linux systems, it is characterized in that, be specially in the described step 3): terminal is by in the following agreement any one: TFTP agreement, File Transfer Protocol, http protocol, non-boot partly downloads to Target Board in the firmware with embedded Linux system.
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| CN102043652A (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2011-05-04 | 苏州捷泰科信息技术有限公司 | Processing system and method for embedded device root file system |
| CN101408847B (en) * | 2008-11-27 | 2011-05-11 | 成都市华为赛门铁克科技有限公司 | Method, system and apparatus for loading firmware |
| CN102122530A (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2011-07-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | System and method for programming flash memory |
| CN101674303B (en) * | 2009-07-31 | 2012-08-22 | 厦门敏讯信息技术股份有限公司 | Embedded network product programming equipment and method thereof |
| CN102819442A (en) * | 2012-07-31 | 2012-12-12 | 深圳市赛格导航科技股份有限公司 | Method and system for programming programs into embedded equipment program |
| CN102957669A (en) * | 2011-08-23 | 2013-03-06 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | Version updating method and version updating system for embedded equipment |
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| CN102043652B (en) * | 2010-12-08 | 2014-04-30 | 苏州捷泰科信息技术有限公司 | Processing system and method for embedded device root file system |
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| CN102122530A (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2011-07-13 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | System and method for programming flash memory |
| CN102122530B (en) * | 2011-01-20 | 2016-12-07 | 北京百卓网络技术有限公司 | A kind of system and method for programming flash memory |
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| CN105511927A (en) * | 2015-12-21 | 2016-04-20 | 上海华测导航技术股份有限公司 | Method for upgrading radio firmware |
| CN106897090A (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2017-06-27 | 山东鲁能智能技术有限公司 | A kind of embedded device programme upgrade method and system |
| CN106897090B (en) * | 2017-02-06 | 2020-09-25 | 国网智能科技股份有限公司 | Embedded equipment program upgrading method and system |
| CN108108179A (en) * | 2017-12-15 | 2018-06-01 | 中国船舶重工集团公司第七0七研究所 | A kind of TMS32C6713 burning program FLASH methods based on serial ports |
| CN109766126A (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2019-05-17 | 深圳忆联信息系统有限公司 | Multicore firmware loading method, device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN109766126B (en) * | 2019-01-11 | 2022-02-01 | 深圳忆联信息系统有限公司 | Multi-core firmware loading method and device, computer equipment and storage medium |
| CN110619914A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-27 | 深圳忆联信息系统有限公司 | Mass production method for solid state disk with PCIe interface mass production device |
| CN111158710A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2020-05-15 | 杭州迪普科技股份有限公司 | Program programming method and device and network equipment |
| CN111158710B (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2023-08-25 | 杭州迪普科技股份有限公司 | Program programming method, device and network equipment |
| CN111417114A (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2020-07-14 | 纳瓦电子（上海）有限公司 | Method for automatic upgrading based on network port under U-boot |
| CN111417114B (en) * | 2020-03-16 | 2023-07-04 | 纳瓦电子（上海）有限公司 | Automatic upgrading method based on network port under U-boot |
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