CN101216497A - Particle image speed-measuring device for measuring douche maze microflow path and method - Google Patents
Particle image speed-measuring device for measuring douche maze microflow path and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101216497A CN101216497A CNA2008100172498A CN200810017249A CN101216497A CN 101216497 A CN101216497 A CN 101216497A CN A2008100172498 A CNA2008100172498 A CN A2008100172498A CN 200810017249 A CN200810017249 A CN 200810017249A CN 101216497 A CN101216497 A CN 101216497A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a particle image velocimetric method for measuring and analyzing labyrinthian microchannel of an emitter. The flow field visualization technology is applied in the experimental analysis of labyrinthian microchannel of the emitter to achieve better optimized design of the emitter. According to the design requirement of the emitter, a flow line graph and a velocity vector graph of the actual flow field of the labyrinthian microchannel can be measured by PIV to study the channel structure and the two-phase flow relationship between water and viscous sand, thus forming the theoretical basis for rapid design and modeling of microchannel structure of the emitter.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the agricultural water conservation douche, be specifically related to a kind of particle image velocimetry device and method that the douche maze microflow path is measured.
Background technology
Flow-field visualized technology grows up along with hydromechanical development, and its task is the process visualization that makes the fluid transport phenomena, and it is hydromechanical important component part.Show experiment by various flow fields, can understand complicated flow phenomenon, explore its physical mechanism,, set up new notion and physical model foundation is provided for it is found that new flow phenomenon.The PIV measuring technology has become the technology of comparative maturity at present, is widely used in industry-by-industry.Wherein one of purposes of PIV is the simulation result of checking CFD model and provides boundary condition for the CFD model.
Because douche channel size small (the following yardstick of 1mm) and planform complexity, can only the applied fluid mechanics principle of similitude with existing equipment and instrument, measure velocity field and pressure distribution in its exaggeration model, the scholar who has analyzes velocity field and pressure distribution in the labyrinth flow-path exaggeration model with laser Doppler measuring.But the experiment of labyrinth flow-path flow characteristics can change the following interlayer of runner microscale to the wherein interaction of fluid so to a certain extent owing to adopt exaggeration model.
When the water-saving douche structural design, the viscous fine particle silt that will consider to exist in the small runner in labyrinth (the following yardstick of 1mm) is to its influence on flow field, need actual measurement water one Cohesive Sediment two-phase flow state, and consider that the douche runner inner wall is under the different roughness situation, Cohesive Sediment is to the collision reaction and the adhesive attraction of tube wall, so as to design optimum douche structure and for software simulation calculate in the setting of key parameter reference is provided.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of particle image velocimetry device and method of the douche maze microflow path being measured by high-velocity particles image measurement technology.
For achieving the above object, the device that the present invention adopts comprises gas cylinder and the sealing radiator that is connected with gas cylinder, the sealing water tank links to each other with the douche labyrinth flow-path by pipeline, water in the said sealing radiator is the water that contains dyeing liquor or trace particle, the douche labyrinth flow-path adopts transparent glass test specimen to make, on the entrance side pipeline of douche labyrinth flow-path, be disposed with operation valve, filtrator, minute adjustment valve and flowmeter, one side of douche labyrinth flow-path is provided with the high-speed CCD video camera that is connected with computing machine, and the opposite side of douche labyrinth flow-path is symmetrically arranged with the sheet radiant.
Of the present invention radiant adopts the news flash lamp for photography of the small-sized video recording of 100W with lamp or 1300W.
The method that the present invention adopts is: the glass test specimen of at first setting up dissimilar douche labyrinth flow-paths by physical size; In the runner flow field of glass test specimen, add dyeing liquor or trace particle, add the small-sized video recording lamp that the sheet radiant that uses when dyeing liquor shows the flow field adopts 100W, the sheet radiant that uses when adding the solid trace particle adopts the news flash lamp for photography of 1300W to illuminate observed zone; According to the working pressure 100kPa under the douche labyrinth flow-path water dropper regular service condition, employing high-speed CCD video camera is taken the ruuning situation of interior dyeing liquor of douche labyrinth flow-path or trace particle and is preserved; The continuous picture that extracts into constant duration about the video in physical size douche labyrinth flow-path flow field will be filmed, observe the change in location of trace particle in the sequential chart sheet flow field, accurately obtain the coordinate figure of a plurality of trace particles in the whole flow field, thereby obtain macroscopic flow field flow line chart and speed vector figure; Adopt with river sand like the silt performance classes or fly ash grain as trace particle, measure displacement and the time of particle before and after collision with little PIV system, thereby calculate the speed of collision front and back, draw energy-loss factor, i.e. rebound coefficient.
The present invention is with fluid mechanics, the Micro-PIV technology, the post processing of image technology is applied to economize on water in the experimental analysis of douche labyrinth flow-path, to the actual flow field measurement under the Cohesive Sediment environment in the microscale runner, according to the douche designing requirement, actual flow field flow line chart and speed vector figure by PIV experiment measuring labyrinth flow-path, flow passage structure and water and Cohesive Sediment two-phase flow relation are studied, solve the bottleneck problem that manufactures and designs of douche microtexture, design level is improved greatly, can obtain speed vector figure and the motion pattern and the corresponding Reynolds number thereof in labyrinth flow-path flow field by chromonema flow field explicit representation and the experiment of solids trace method, help to accelerate the tangential rebound coefficient of collision and the foundation of the quantitative Analysis theoretical model between the normal direction rebound coefficient and the relation between definite fluid channel inner wall surface roughness and the silt adhesion of douche micro-flow path structure and sticky particle, for the CFD model emulation provides the setting of key parameter, also can verify the accuracy and the feasibility in CFD software simulation labyrinth flow-path flow field simultaneously.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the one-piece construction synoptic diagram of particle image velocimetry device of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is serrate labyrinth flow-path image, aftertreatment picture and the analog information figure contrast of taking in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is rectangle labyrinth flow-path image, aftertreatment picture and the analog information figure contrast of taking in the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is an experiment measuring rebound coefficient schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the image that experiment measuring of the present invention is followed the tracks of the diverse location of single trace particle in time uniformly-spaced;
Fig. 6 is the rebound coefficient value of measuring.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing the present invention is described in further detail.
Referring to Fig. 1, measurement mechanism of the present invention comprises: gas cylinder 1 and the sealing radiator 2 that is connected with gas cylinder, sealing water tank 2 links to each other with douche labyrinth flow-path 7 by pipeline, water in the said sealing radiator 2 is the water that contains dyeing liquor or trace particle, douche labyrinth flow-path 7 adopts transparent glass test specimen to make, on the entrance side pipeline of douche labyrinth flow-path 7, be disposed with operation valve 3, filtrator 4, minute adjustment valve 5 and flowmeter 6, one side of douche labyrinth flow-path 7 is provided with the high-speed CCD video camera 8 that is connected with computing machine 10, and the opposite side of douche labyrinth flow-path 7 is symmetrically arranged with the sheet radiant 9 of the small-sized video recording of 100W with the news flash lamp for photography of lamp or 1300W.
Its speed-measuring method is as follows:
1) at first sets up the glass test specimen of dissimilar douche labyrinth flow-paths 7 by physical size;
2) in the runner flow field of glass test specimen, add dyeing liquor or trace particle, add the small-sized video recording lamp that the sheet radiant 9 that uses when dyeing liquor shows the flow field adopts 100W, the sheet radiant 9 that uses when adding the solid trace particle adopts the news flash lamp for photography of 1300W to illuminate observed zone;
3) according to the working pressure 100kPa under the douche labyrinth flow-path 7 water dropper regular service conditions, employing high-speed CCD video camera 8 is taken the ruuning situation of douche labyrinth flow-paths 7 interior dyeing liquors or trace particle and is preserved;
4) will be filmed the continuous picture that extracts into constant duration about the video in physical size douche labyrinth flow-path 7 flow fields, observe the change in location of trace particle in the sequential chart sheet flow field, accurately obtain the coordinate figure of a plurality of trace particles in the whole flow field, thereby obtain macroscopic flow field flow line chart and speed vector figure;
5) adopt with river sand like the silt performance classes or fly ash grain as trace particle, measure displacement and the time of particle before and after collision with little PIV system, thereby calculate the speed of collision front and back, draw energy-loss factor, i.e. rebound coefficient.
It is the organic glass water tank of 60L that sealing radiator 2 of the present invention adopts volume, is carved with scale on the casing.For particle is scattered evenly, and, use 10L water among the present invention for the consideration of economy in water.The water that is mixed with particle enters douche labyrinth flow-path 7, carries out subsequent experimental.
Douche labyrinth flow-path 7 and the actual channel size ratio used in the experiment are 1: 1.At first in Pro/E, build out the three-dimensional modeling of experimental piece, lead into the AutoCAD engineering drawing after, be input in the organic glass engraving machine, on organic glass, accurately carve out flow channel shape.Experimental piece is made up of three organic glass altogether, and two of front and back are common organic glass sheet, do not have runner above, and middle a slice is carved with flow channel shape.All be equipped with some threaded holes on three sheet glass, the bolt with M12 has promptly guaranteed bearing accuracy, makes three organic glass fit tightly again, prevents to leak.
The TroubleShooter type high-speed camera that high-speed CCD video camera 8 adopts U.S. Fastec Imaging company to produce, its obtainable top speed was 1000 frame/seconds, pixel is 640 * 480.The longest time shutter is 1 millisecond under the 1000 frames/second speed.Standard configuration is the 512M internal memory, can be with under the image real time record of taking in shooting process, and the time that can continue to write down is decided by different shooting speeds with frame number.Be furnished with USB2.0 interface and CF card slot, the photographic images unloading can be easy to the storage medium of longer-term storage by both to the hard disk of computing machine 10 or CD etc.Add the zoom microscope head of Zoom6000.
Secondary light source is a sheet radiant 9: in order to eliminate the interference of parasitic light, experiment is carried out at night.Should adopt laser to shine measured flow field in theory, the interference of parasitic light can be reduced to minimum like this.But the douche labyrinth flow-path 7 of considering this experiment is to make with organic glass, and light transmission is very good, plane of vision itself in the form of sheets, promptly flow channel length direction size is far longer than flow channel depth direction size.The size of flow channel depth direction is not very big in addition, be about 2.5mm, and common laser light sheet thickness is about 0.5～1mm, therefore adopts the necessity in the tested flow field of laser radiation to reduce greatly.The present invention adopts the ordinary lines light source to replace laser instrument, and light illumination is enough good, shows with the motion process trace particle.After taking all factors into consideration each influence factor, the present invention has selected the secondary light source of the news photography lamp of 1300W as experiment usefulness for use.For the light intensity of guaranteeing to enter CCD is identical, light source arrangement is 45 ° of tested flow fields of irradiation at the CCD oblique upper with douche labyrinth flow-path 7 surfaces, and light sees through tested flow field and enters CCD, obtains the particle movement image.
Fluid channel flow field analysis of experiments
Fluid channel flow field explicit representation
1) chromonema FLOW VISUALIZATION method
Show that for current injecting dyeing liquor is a kind of method that generally adopts for a long time.The ultimate principle of chromonema FLOW VISUALIZATION is with the naked eye can observedly add dyeing liquor to come flow pattern in the spike water, and think that the size and Orientation of dyeing liquor flowing velocity represented original flow velocity in flow field, this is a kind of indirect display packing, shown is chromonema, and promptly all are once by any line of fluid particles instantaneous position of flow field.When the flow field was steady flow, streamline or trace in chromonema and the flow field overlapped, and at this moment chromonema has just shown the streamline in the flow field.The micelle that dyed look enters in the vortex, thereby the vortex in the flow field is revealed, so the dyeing liquor technology is to show the fluidal texture of swirling motion and the powerful measure of the various flow phenomenons in the vortex structure.The present invention selects for use burnt black ink as the used dyeing liquor of experiment, adopts 5～No. 9 syringes and injection needle, and its external diameter is 1mm or littler.Reduce to minimum for needle tubing is disturbed the flow image that will study, the needle tubing that dyeing liquor is housed is placed on the upstream of current in the empirical model, syringe needle is inserted the connection sebific duct and enters water inlet, make injection direction parallel with water (flow) direction.Because the dyeing liquor naked eyes as seen, thereby experiment less demanding to light source intensity, what the light source in the experiment was used is the small-sized video recording lamp of 100W, concentrate runner section is shone, with the CCD camera serrate labyrinth flow-path flow field is made a video recording, the picture that extracts into several very little constant durations about the video in physical size douche fluid channel flow field will be filmed, observe the change in location of dyeing liquor in the sequential chart sheet flow field, accurately obtain the coordinate figure in macroscopical flow field, thereby fit curve, obtain the flow field motion pattern.See that Fig. 2 is a certain instantaneous chromonema situation and a CFD analog result in the sawtooth shape flow passage.
Contrast CFD analog result and experimental result, it is more identical to find both, the size and the shape of sharp corner vortex are quite similar, verified the feasibility of douche labyrinth flow-path flow field simulation, also proved simultaneously and used turbulent RNGk-ε model carries out the interior flow field simulation to the labyrinth flow-path douche correctness.
The solids trace method
The particle spike is identical with the ultimate principle of chromonema explicit representation, all be in the current of clear, colorless, to add some visible liquid or solid particles, make it follow the fluid micellar motion, thereby show various flow phenomenons, just both recording modes are not too identical with last result.The dyeing collimation method only need be taken a picture to the flow field of some moment in the experimentation and be got final product, and does not need to consider the time interval, and what obtain at last is the motion pattern in flow field; And the solids trace method needs the particle movement in the stream field to follow the trail of, obtain or particle picture repeatedly twice of known interval, calculate the velocity of this point according to the running length of particle, thereby the velocity that obtains whole flow field distributes, and also can obtain motion pattern by the running orbit of following the trail of single particle in addition.Because the particle trace method to the having relatively high expectations of light source intensity, adopts here is that the news photography lamp of 1300W throws light on.When rectangularl runner is carried out the runner visualized experiment, experiment condition is: intake pressure is 100KPa, particle concentration is 500ppm, the image size is made as 640 * 480 pixels, shooting speed was 1000 frame/seconds, shoot the ruuning situation of trace particle in the rectangularl runner with the high-speed CCD video camera, see accompanying drawing 3.The picture that extracts into several very little constant durations about the video image in physical size douche fluid channel flow field will be filmed, observe the change in location of trace particle in the sequential chart sheet flow field, accurately obtain the coordinate figure of a plurality of trace particles in the whole flow field, thereby obtain macroscopic flow field flow line chart and speed vector figure.The speed vector figure and the motion pattern of comparative simulation and experiment gained, but main channel velocity distribution and streamline shape and CFD analysis result are closely similar in the experiment gained runner, the feasibility and the correctness of FLUENT software fluid analysis have been verified thus, can be optimized design to flow passage structure by fluid analysis, the fluid channel velocity in the time of simultaneously also can be and the state in flow field according to the corresponding different Reynolds number of this experiment, thus for changeing, the Reynolds number of fluidised form in the fluid channel twists the experiment basis that provides certain.
The experiment measuring of the rebound coefficient of sand grain and runner wall
Theoretical foundation: go out the runner model of collision experiment with the photocuring rapid prototyping fabrication techniques, respectively the rebound coefficient of syn-collision angle research particle and runner wall never.Adopt with river sand like the silt performance classes or fly ash grain as trace particle, measure displacement and the time of particle before and after collision with little PIV system, thereby calculate the speed of collision front and back, draw energy-loss factor, i.e. rebound coefficient.Rebound coefficient to different angles is analyzed, to draw regular empirical regression formula.
The collision reaction coefficient can be divided into normal direction rebound coefficient and tangential rebound coefficient.Rebound coefficient instrumentation plan in accompanying drawing 4 runners.
The normal direction rebound coefficient has been determined particle after bumping with wall, and it is perpendicular to the momentum principle of wall direction.
Wherein, v
nBe the normal velocity component of vertical walls, subscript 1,2 is represented the amount before and after the collision respectively.
In like manner, tangential rebound coefficient has been determined particle after bumping with wall, the momentum principle of itself and wall direction tangential.
Wherein, v
tBe the tangential speed component along wall, subscript 1,2 is represented the amount before and after the collision respectively.
2) measuring of rebound coefficient
Utilize little PIV system to measure the fine grain flow characteristics of the Cohesive Sediment that can not filter in the microscale runner by experiment, the magnesium powder of selecting 107 micron grain sizes for use is as trace particle, particle concentration is also little, number of particles in the visual field is controlled at below 30, the image size is made as 640 * 480 pixels, shooting speed was 1000 frame/seconds, shoot the ruuning situation of trace particle in the runner with the high-speed CCD video camera, the video that is filmed is extracted into picture, because particle rareness, size according to particle, gray scale and speed observe and follow the tracks of the change in location of single particle in the sequential chart sheet flow field to individual particles, accurately obtain in the flow field coordinate figure (see accompanying drawing 5) of indivedual trace particles at diverse location, trace particle is before the collision runner inner wall, the contact wall, be respectively (420.1 by the coordinate figure after the wall bounce-back, 337.9), (447.3,379.3), (463.9,370.2), thereby, calculate and analyze the collision reaction coefficient of sticky particle and douche runner inner wall again according to the rebound coefficient formula according to the incident angle and the reflection angle of the data computation trace particle that obtains.See accompanying drawing 6.
Claims (3)
1. the particle image velocimetry device that the douche maze microflow path is measured, the sealing radiator (2) that comprises gas cylinder (1) and be connected with gas cylinder, sealing water tank (2) links to each other with douche labyrinth flow-path (7) by pipeline, it is characterized in that: the water in the said sealing radiator (2) is the water that contains dyeing liquor or trace particle, douche labyrinth flow-path (7) adopts transparent glass test specimen to make, on the entrance side pipeline of douche labyrinth flow-path (7), be disposed with operation valve (3), filtrator (4), minute adjustment valve (5) and flowmeter (6), one side of douche labyrinth flow-path (7) is provided with the high-speed CCD video camera (8) that is connected with computing machine (10), and the opposite side of douche labyrinth flow-path (7) is symmetrically arranged with sheet radiant (9).
2. the particle image velocimetry device that the douche maze microflow path is measured according to claim 1 is characterized in that: said radiant (9) adopts the news flash lamp for photography of the small-sized video recording of 100W with lamp or 1300W.
3. particle image velocimetry method of the douche maze microflow path being measured according to the described device of claim 1 is characterized in that:
1) at first sets up the glass test specimen of dissimilar douche labyrinth flow-paths (7) by physical size;
2) in the runner flow field of glass test specimen, add dyeing liquor or trace particle, add the small-sized video recording lamp that the sheet radiant (9) that uses when dyeing liquor shows the flow field adopts 100W, the sheet radiant (9) that uses when adding the solid trace particle adopts the news flash lamp for photography of 1300W to illuminate observed zone;
3) according to the working pressure 100kPa under douche labyrinth flow-path (7) the water dropper regular service condition, employing high-speed CCD video camera (8) is taken the ruuning situation of interior dyeing liquor of douche labyrinth flow-path (7) or trace particle and is preserved;
4) will be filmed the continuous picture that extracts into constant duration about the video in physical size douche labyrinth flow-path (7) flow field, observe the change in location of trace particle in the sequential chart sheet flow field, accurately obtain the coordinate figure of a plurality of trace particles in the whole flow field, thereby obtain macroscopic flow field flow line chart and speed vector figure;
5) adopt with river sand like the silt performance classes or fly ash grain as trace particle, measure displacement and the time of particle before and after collision with little PIV system, thereby calculate the speed of collision front and back, draw energy-loss factor, i.e. rebound coefficient.
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN101852814A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-10-06 | 中国农业大学 | Whole-field testing method for internal flow of drip emitter maze flow channel |
| CN102445321A (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2012-05-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | PIV (Peak Inverse Voltage) detection device used for total flow field of streaming flow field cross section |
| CN104535795A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Low-pressure space jet flow PIV speed measurement experiment device |
| CN107702868A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-02-16 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of brush seal experimental apparatus for capability vdiverse in function |
| CN107764701A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-06 | 中南大学 | It is a kind of to analyze experimental provision and experimental method of the shear stress flow field particle with fluidity |
| CN111122501A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-05-08 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | Water drop measuring system under space environment |
| CN114324820A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Test device for simulating overall process of weakening of seabed gas-containing slope and landslide |
| CN115007233A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2022-09-06 | 核酸有限公司 | Digital microfluidic device including dual substrates with thin film transistors and capacitive sensing |
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| CN101852814A (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2010-10-06 | 中国农业大学 | Whole-field testing method for internal flow of drip emitter maze flow channel |
| CN101852814B (en) * | 2010-04-29 | 2012-05-30 | 中国农业大学 | Whole-field testing method for internal flow of drip emitter maze flow channel |
| CN102445321A (en) * | 2011-10-10 | 2012-05-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | PIV (Peak Inverse Voltage) detection device used for total flow field of streaming flow field cross section |
| CN104535795A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2015-04-22 | 江苏大学 | Low-pressure space jet flow PIV speed measurement experiment device |
| CN104535795B (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2017-05-03 | 江苏大学 | Low-pressure space jet flow particle picture speed measurement experiment device |
| CN107702868A (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2018-02-16 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of brush seal experimental apparatus for capability vdiverse in function |
| CN107702868B (en) * | 2017-08-15 | 2019-04-26 | 沈阳航空航天大学 | A kind of brush seal experimental apparatus for capability vdiverse in function |
| CN115007233A (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2022-09-06 | 核酸有限公司 | Digital microfluidic device including dual substrates with thin film transistors and capacitive sensing |
| CN115007233B (en) * | 2017-10-18 | 2023-11-10 | 核蛋白有限公司 | Digital microfluidic device including dual substrates with thin film transistors and capacitive sensing |
| CN107764701A (en) * | 2017-10-19 | 2018-03-06 | 中南大学 | It is a kind of to analyze experimental provision and experimental method of the shear stress flow field particle with fluidity |
| CN111122501A (en) * | 2019-11-29 | 2020-05-08 | 中国运载火箭技术研究院 | Water drop measuring system under space environment |
| CN114324820A (en) * | 2021-12-07 | 2022-04-12 | 中国电建集团华东勘测设计研究院有限公司 | Test device for simulating overall process of weakening of seabed gas-containing slope and landslide |
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