CN101216047B - Seal section for electrical submersible pump - Google Patents

Seal section for electrical submersible pump Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101216047B
CN101216047B CN2007101088058A CN200710108805A CN101216047B CN 101216047 B CN101216047 B CN 101216047B CN 2007101088058 A CN2007101088058 A CN 2007101088058A CN 200710108805 A CN200710108805 A CN 200710108805A CN 101216047 B CN101216047 B CN 101216047B
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
isolated tube
capsule
supporting member
housing
radial bearing
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Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Expired - Fee Related
Application number
CN2007101088058A
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Chinese (zh)
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CN101216047A (en
Inventor
C·F·霍尔
L·J·帕米特
B·D·利米
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Baker Hughes Holdings LLC
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Baker Hughes Inc
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
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Publication of CN101216047A publication Critical patent/CN101216047A/en
Application granted granted Critical
Publication of CN101216047B publication Critical patent/CN101216047B/en
Expired - Fee Related legal-status Critical Current
Anticipated expiration legal-status Critical

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Abstract

A seal section for a submersible well pump assembly has a housing for connection between a pump and a motor. A central radial bearing support rotatably supports a drive shaft and defines upper and lower chambers in the housing. A well fluid passageway leads from an exterior portion of the housing to the upper chamber. Upper and lower isolation tubes extend around the shaft within the upper and lower chambers, defining an annular passage for fluid communication with lubricant contained in the motor. A bladder surrounds the upper isolation tube for separating lubricant from well fluid in the upper chamber. A labyrinth tube within the bladder has an upper end in fluid communication with a labyrinth port leading through the upper isolation tube and a lower end in fluid communication with the lower chamber.

Description

The seal section that is used for electric submersible pump
The cross reference of related application
The application requires to enjoy the temporary patent application S.N.60/810 that submitted on May 31st, 2006,115 preference.
Technical field
The present invention relates in general to the electricity well pump of diving, and relates in particular to the seal section between a kind of pump that balances each other with the hydrostatic pressure that is used to make the pressure that is contained in the oiling agent in the motor and outside at electric motor for pump.
Background technique
Electric submersible pump is through being usually used in the mixture of pump oil and water from well.The rotary pump that common pump assembly has motor and centrifugal or other type.Motor is filled with dielectric lubricant, and the seal section between motor and the pump is used to make the pressure of internal lubricant and the hydrostatic pressure of pump assembly outside to balance each other.
Usually the seal section that also is called as pressure equalizer has tubular shell, and live axle extends through described tubular shell and is delivered to pump with the rotation with motor.Thrust bearing assembly often is positioned on the seal section to absorb the following thrust that is produced by pump.Oiling agent in the pump is lubricating thrust bearing also.
Utilize multiple device that lubricant pressure and well fluid are balanced each other.The tubulose elastomeric bladder can be installed on the seal section, and the lubricant fluid in the inside of capsule and the motor is communicated with.The well fluid passage makes well fluid can enter the seal section of capsule outside.Also use lobster back separately or in the chamber that separates with described capsule, use lobster back.Water in the well fluid is denseer than oil usually.Usually, the lobster back of being installed has upper inlet and outlet down, makes the water that is downward through pipe upwards not reflux through outlet in the mode that moves in the motor.
Seal section also has the feature that motor in-lubricant that adaptation taken place expands when motor becomes hotter.Can adopt safety check under the situation that well fluid is entered, to discharge unnecessary oiling agent.
Seal section has a plurality of chambeies mostly, is generally 2-4, is used for package encapsulation and lobster back.Usually, each chamber is to be fixed on joint and the cylindrical sleeve of axle on the supporting element with the lower end by screw thread in the top.Additional threaded sleeve has increased the cost of seal section.
Summary of the invention
Seal section of the present invention has a plurality of required features.Lobster back is arranged in capsule with at filled process exhausting air.Lobster back has the lower end that links to each other with the chamber that is filled with oil separately.
Seal section has and is used for seal section is fixed on upper connection and lower contact between pump and the motor.Housing is the single cylindrical sleeve that is connected between the upper and lower joint.Thrust bearing assembly is positioned at the housing of lower contact top.Lower radial bearing supporting member and center radial bearing supporting member are assemblied in the housing with the radial support axle.Isolated tube encapsulation axle also is connected between lower radial bearing supporting member and center radial bearing supporting member and center radial bearing supporting member and the upper connection.Lower radial bearing supporting member and center radial bearing supporting member, isolated tube and capsule can be assembled into one and insert in the end of housing.
Description of drawings
Figure 1A and 1B comprise the vertical cross-sectional that is used for the seal section of the latent well pump assembly of electricity according to of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the amplification view on the top of seal section shown in Figure 1.
Fig. 3 is the schematic cross sectional views according to the latent well pump assembly of electricity of the present invention.
Embodiment
With reference to Fig. 3, shown submersible pump assembly 11 (" ESP ") is installed in the shell 13 in the well.ESP 11 is suspended on the tubing string that pipeline 15 forms, and it makes the well fluid discharge conduit 15 that makes progress in the present embodiment.ESP 11 has the motor 17 that is generally three-phase AC motor.Motor 17 links to each other with seal section 19, and sealing section 19 links to each other with pump 21 again.Motor 17 is equipped with oiling agent, and seal section 19 balances each other the lubricant pressure and the hydrostatic pressure of the well fluid of outside.Pump 21 is rotary pumps, for example has the centrifugal pump of many levels, and each level all has impeller and diffusing tube.Pump 21 has the import 23 that sucks well fluid in its lower end.
With reference to Figure 1A and 1B, seal section 19 has the lower contact 25 that is used for fixing on motor 17 (Fig. 3).Lower contact 25 has the flange 27 that holds bolt usually, and described bolted joints is on the mating flange of motor 17.Upper connection 29 (Figure 1A) is connected seal section 19 on the pump 21 (Fig. 3).Upper connection 29 has the tapped hole 31 of the lower contact that is used to hold to come self-pumping 21.Seal section 19 has housing 33, and it comprises preferably by screw thread and is fixed on cylindrical sleeve in upper connection and the lower contact 25,29.The preferably single integral member of housing 33.
Axle 35 extends through seal section 19 so that rotation motion is delivered to pump 21 from motor 17 (Fig. 3).Axle 35 has upper spline end 37, and it selectively has pin member 39.Pin member 39 latches on the axle (not shown) of pump 21 (Fig. 3) to transmit pulling force.Axle 35 has the following spline end 41 of the axle (not shown) that engages motor 17.
Conventional thrust-bearing 42 is positioned at seal section 19, shown in Figure 1B.Thrust-bearing 42 comprises revolution thrust component or the runner 43 that is fixed on the axle 35.Runner 43 rotates and engages with fixing element or the base 45 of pushing away down that is installed in lower contact 25 upsides.Push away element 47 on runner 43 also engages and fixes and be in push mode simultaneously.On push away element 47 and move upward by being bearing in for the retainer ring 48 of snap ring to prevent from the housing 33 to produce.
Lower radial bearing supporting member 49 is bearing in to prevent from the housing 33 to produce by retainer ring 48 and moves downward.Lower radial bearing supporting member 49 has lining 51, and this lining 51 is by axle 35 slip joint.Lining 51 can on axle 35, not form the sealing and can have pass the axle path or passage so that the motor oiling agent freely pass through.Lower radial bearing supporting member 49 has the Sealing of the internal diameter of sealing engagement housing 33 in its outside.In the counterbore that following isolated tube 53 seals on the lower radial bearing supporting member 49 that extends to lining 51 upper ends.Following isolated tube 53 has the internal diameter bigger than the external diameter of axle 35, thereby forms the annular pass that the motor oiling agent flows.The motor oiling agent flows between around the zone of thrust-bearing 42 and the annular space in the following isolated tube 53 automatically.
The upper end of following isolated tube 53 extends to the counterbore sealing engagement with center radial bearing supporting member 55.Center radial bearing supporting member 55 has sealing and is pressed against Sealing on housing 33 internal diameters in its outside.Center radial bearing supporting member also has the described axle 35 of slip joint but can not seal the lining 57 that the obstruction oiling agent flows.By radial bearing supporting member 49,55 and around following isolated tube 53 between annular space limit cavity of resorption 59.Passage 61 extends through center radial bearing supporting member 55 from its lower end to upper end.
With reference to Figure 1A and 1B, last isolated tube 63 has sealing engagement lower end in the counterbore on the center radial bearing supporting member 55 above lining 57.The upper end of last isolated tube 63 extends to upper connection 29, thereby defines annular epicoele 64 in housing 33.Tubulose elastomeric bladder 65 is positioned at epicoele 64.Capsule 65 has the lower end 67 that the last neck around center radial bearing supporting member 55 is sealed and matched.Capsule 65 has the neck 69 of sealing and fixing on capsule retainer 71 in the top, as shown in Figure 2.Capsule retainer 71 is the pipe members that are fixed on the upper end of isolated tube 63 by screw thread.Capsule retainer 71 has the top of the counterbore 70 that sealing engagement forms on upper connection 29 lower ends.
Referring again to Figure 1A and 1B, mouth 72 is positioned near the sidewall in isolated tube 63 upper ends.Mouthfuls 72 make the interior annular space of isolated tube 63 and the internal communication of capsule 65.In addition, the upper end of lobster back 73 is fixed near the mouth 75 that is positioned at mouthfuls 72.Mouthfuls 75 are illustrated and are positioned at mouthful 72 belows, but it can be in mouthfuls 72 contour or or even above it.Lobster back 73 is from the narrow tube of mouth 75 in lower seal extends to passage 61 upper ends (Figure 1B) on the center radial bearing supporting member 55 in last isolated tube 63 sides.Therefore the oiling agent in the cavity of resorption 59 is communicated with isolated tube 53,63 interior oiling agents in the annular space of axle 35 by lobster back 73.
With reference to Fig. 2, threaded socket 77 is positioned in the upper connection 29.Socket 77 holds the plug (not shown) usually in operating process, but plug is removed in the filled operation of oiling agent.Passage 79 engage receptacle 77 of Yan Shening inner and extend inwardly to axial passage 81 radially, axle 35 extends through described passage 81.Lining 83 is positioned at passage 81 with slip joint and radial support axle 35.Lining 83 does not provide the sealing that oiling agent is flowed.One or more safety check 85 are positioned at the exhaust port 87 in the upper connection 29.Exhaust port 87 extends up to from the lower end of upper connection 29 and intersects from the inside radial passage 79 of socket 77.Safety check 85 allows fluid to flow into epicoele 64 downwards, but does not allow upwards to flow.Well fluid mouth 89 extends to the cavity 91 that forms in the upper end of upper connection 29 from the lower end of upper connection 29.Cavity 91 is communicated with the well fluid fluid of seal section 19 outsides by the import 23 (Fig. 3) of pump 21.Well fluid mouth 89 alternatively can extend through the exterior side wall of upper connection 29.
The upper end that mechanical sealing assembly 92 is positioned at axle 35 prevents that with sealing well fluid is from cavity 91 intrusion motors 17 (Fig. 3).In this embodiment, mechanical sealing assembly 92 comprises with axle 35 rotation and by helical spring 95 bias voltages and leans against rotary sealing element 93 on the fixing seal base 97.Auxiliary shaft seal 99 selectively is arranged in below the sealed base 97.It is conventional shafting oil envelope that oiling agent Sealing 99 is illustrated.Preferably oiling agent is between oil sealing 99 and black box 92, and this oiling agent is different from the motor oiling agent.
In order to assemble oil seal 19, the inner member of sleeve or housing 33 is installed in advance and is pressed in the housing 33 from an end.For example, the user can at first be installed in lower contact 25, thrust-bearing 42 and axle 35 in the housing 33.The user is installed together upper and lower isolated tube 63,53 and radial bearing supporting member 49,55 and capsule 65 subsequently in advance.The user is pressed against this sub-component on the axle 35 afterwards and is pressed in the housing 33.The user then is fixed on upper connection 29 on the housing 33.Counterbore 70 slipper seals engage to form on capsule retainer 71, the threaded joint in screw thread in the upper connection 29 simultaneously and the housing 33.
Before operation, fill the motor oiling agent to motor 17 and seal section 19, and can adopt several different methods.In a kind of technology, fill oiling agents in manufacturing or garage to motor 17 at first.At the well location place, seal section 19 is fixed on the upper end of motor 17, and pumps into oiling agent from filled mouthful of (not shown) of motor 17 upper ends.Took out the plug that is used for socket 77 (Fig. 2) before in oiling agent being pumped into motor 17 (Fig. 3).The operator can upwards pump into seal section 19 from filling mouth with oiling agent, begins outflow socket 77 until oiling agent.Air in the seal section 19 can be discharged from mouth 77 in that process.
In the process of filling, oiling agent passes around the space of thrust-bearing 42 (Figure 1B) and upwards flow in the annular space around axle 35 in following isolated tube 53.The upwards mobile also through port 72 (Figure 1A) in annular space that oiling agent passes in the isolated tube 63 flows into capsule 65 downwards.Oiling agent also flows into cavity of resorption 59 by lobster back 73 and passage 61.In case the inside of cavity of resorption 59 and capsule 65 is filled, it is interior in the space of axle 35 that then oiling agent will upwards flow into upper connection 29, if adopt oil sealing 99, then reaches oil sealing 99 at least.
After filling, be installed in plug on the socket 77 and ESP 11 (Fig. 3) drops in the well.When ESP 11 dropped in the well, well fluid entered epicoele 64 by cavity 91 and passage 89.The hydrostatic pressure of well fluid is applied on the oiling agent in capsule 65 and the motor 17 by capsule 65.When being in desired depth, the operator is to motor 17 power supply, impels pump 21 to suck well fluids and by pipeline 15 well fluid is discharged to the face of land by import 23.
Motor 17 beginning heating impel oiling agent to expand.Because this expansion, excessive oiling agent meeting through port 79,87 and safety check 85 enter in the epicoele 64.Oiling agent is usually rarer than the well fluid that usually comprises most of salt solution, so the oiling agent of the described discharge in the epicoele 64 usually will be by make progress sedimentation and entering in the cavity 91 of passage 89, and it is pumped into the face of land by pump 21 (Fig. 3) there.
Behind the certain hour, some leakages can take place through mechanical sealing assembly 92 and oil sealing 99 in well fluid.If like this, described well fluid will and enter annular space around last isolated tube 63 by lining 83 downward sedimentations.Some well fluids can flow in the capsule 65 from mouth 72.Some well fluids can flow in the cavity of resorption 59 along lobster back 73.Entering any well fluids in the capsule 65 all will concentrate on the lower end and can not reenter near the mouth 72 that is positioned at capsule 65 upper ends.Equally, concentrate on any well fluids in the cavity of resorption 59 all can not make progress inflow entrance 72 or 75.
The present invention has outstanding advantage.The single cylindrical sleeve of housing is compared with a plurality of cover cylinder shells and has been reduced cost.Because lower radial bearing supporting member and center radial bearing supporting member slip in the housing, so seal section is compared with the seal section of the prior art with identical length overall and is had bigger volume and allow oil to expand.Lobster back allows the air discharge of collecting and provide extra stopping to well fluid under the situation of leaking.Oil sealing enters with oiling agent with the reduction well fluid as back-up seal and contacts.Easier finishing fills and maintenance.
Although only show the present invention, art technology be it is evident that arbitrarily the present invention is not restricted, but can make multiple change without departing from the scope of the invention by a kind of form.

Claims (15)

1. seal section that is used for submersible well pump assembly comprises:
Be used to be connected the pump of submersible well pump assembly and the housing between the motor;
Extend through housing with from the running shaft of motor to the pump transferring rotational motion;
The described axle of swivel bearing also limits the center radial bearing supporting member of epicoele and cavity of resorption in housing;
The well fluid path that leads to epicoele from the outside of housing;
Respectively in epicoele and cavity of resorption around axle extend on isolated tube and following isolated tube, the interior diameter ratio shaft of each isolated tube is bigger, thereby defines the annular pass that the lubricant fluid interior with being contained in motor is communicated with;
Around the capsule of the last isolated tube in the epicoele, it is used to make the well fluid in the outside epicoele of interior oiling agent of capsule and capsule to separate; And
Lobster back in capsule, the upper end of this lobster back is communicated with the tortuous mouthful fluid that near the upper end last isolated tube leads to the annular pass, and the lower end of this lobster back is communicated with the cavity of resorption fluid.
2. seal section as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, also comprises:
Be used for respectively the upper connection and the lower contact that link to each other with motor with pump;
At the thrust bearing assembly that is installed in below the cavity of resorption and above lower contact in the housing; And
Described housing comprises the single cylindrical sleeve that extends to upper connection from lower contact.
3. seal section as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:
Capsule connecting port in capsule on the sidewall of isolated tube, it is used for making the oiling agent and the capsule internal communication of annular pass.
4. seal section as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:
Be fixed on housing upper end and be used for the upper connection that links to each other with pump, described upper connection has makes an axis channel that extends through;
Be fixedly mounted on the sealed base in the axis channel of upper connection;
Link to each other and spring bias voltage rotary sealing element rotatable with sealed base, slip joint with axle; And
Oil sealing, it is installed between the axle of sealed base below and the upper connection in case any well fluid that leaks by sealed base flows in the annular pass of going up in the isolated tube downwards.
5. seal section as claimed in claim 1 also comprises:
Be fixed on housing upper end and be used for the upper connection that links to each other with pump, described upper connection has makes an axis channel that extends through;
Between the upper end of capsule and last isolated tube, be used for the capsule retainer on the upper end of upper end sealing and fixing at last isolated tube of capsule; And
The sealing of capsule retainer is inserted in the lower end of the axis channel in the upper connection.
6. seal section that is used for submersible well pump assembly comprises:
Upper connection and the lower contact that links to each other with motor with the pump of submersible well pump assembly respectively;
From the single continuous sleeve of lower contact to the upper connection extension;
Extend through upper connection and lower contact and sleeve with from the running shaft of motor to the pump transferring rotational motion;
Be installed in the sleeve of lower contact top thrust bearing assembly with the following thrust on the absorption axes;
Above thrust-bearing, be used for the lower radial bearing supporting member of the described axle of swivel bearing, have the Sealing that is sealed on the sleeve diameter on the external diameter of this lower radial bearing supporting member;
Above the lower radial bearing supporting member, be used for the center radial bearing supporting member of the described axle of swivel bearing, have the Sealing that is sealed on the sleeve diameter on the external diameter of this center radial bearing supporting member, thereby in sleeve, define epicoele and cavity of resorption;
The well fluid path that leads to epicoele from the outside of sleeve; And
The last isolated tube and the following isolated tube that extend of axle in epicoele and cavity of resorption respectively, the internal diameter of each isolated tube is greater than axle, be used for the annular pass that the lubricant fluid interior with being contained in motor is communicated with thereby define, last isolated tube is connected between center radial bearing supporting member and the upper connection, and following isolated tube is connected between center radial bearing supporting member and the lower radial bearing supporting member;
Described seal section also comprises:
Be positioned at the capsule of epicoele, described capsule has upper end that links to each other with upper connection and the lower end that links to each other with center radial bearing supporting member; And
Lobster back, its have with capsule in last isolated tube on the upper end that links to each other of mouth and pass through the lower end that the communication passage in the radial bearing supporting member of center is communicated with cavity of resorption.
7. seal section as claimed in claim 6 also comprises:
Be fixedly mounted in the sealed base in the axis channel of upper connection;
Link to each other and spring bias voltage rotary sealing spare rotatable with sealed base, slip joint with axle; And
Oil sealing, its be installed between axle in the axis channel and the upper connection and below sealed base in case any well fluid that leaks by sealed base flow into downwards in the annular pass in the isolated tube.
8. seal section as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, lower radial bearing supporting member, center radial bearing supporting member and last isolated tube and following isolated tube can one insert in the sleeve.
9. seal section that is used for submersible well pump assembly comprises:
Be used to be connected the pump of submersible well pump assembly and the housing between the motor;
Extend through housing with from the running shaft of motor to the pump transferring rotational motion;
Rotation supporting axle and in housing, limit the center radial bearing supporting member of epicoele and cavity of resorption in housing;
The last isolated tube and the following isolated tube that extend of axle in epicoele and cavity of resorption respectively, the internal diameter of each isolated tube is used for the annular pass that the lubricant fluid interior with being contained in motor is communicated with greater than axle thereby define;
Capsule around the last isolated tube in the epicoele;
Be used for making the capsule connecting port of the internal circulation of the oiling agent of annular pass and capsule in capsule on the sidewall of isolated tube; And
Lobster back in capsule, the upper end of this lobster back is communicated with a tortuous mouthful of fluid on last isolated tube sidewall, and the lower end of this lobster back is communicated with the cavity of resorption fluid.
10. seal section as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that housing comprises single sleeve.
11. seal section as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, center radial bearing supporting member is positioned at housing fully and has Sealing with housing internal diameter sealing engagement on its external diameter.
12. seal section as claimed in claim 9 is characterized in that, center radial bearing supporting member has the lobster back passage that extends between upper and lower chamber, and the sealing of the lower end of lobster back extends to the upper end of lobster back passage.
13. seal section as claimed in claim 9 also comprises:
Lower radial bearing supporting member in housing, lower radial bearing supporting member and center radial bearing supporting member have the axis channel that axle is extended through separately;
Following isolated tube, its have with lower radial bearing supporting member and center radial bearing supporting member on the lower end and the upper end of axis channel sealing engagement; And
Lower radial bearing supporting member and center radial bearing supporting member, following isolated tube and last isolated tube and capsule define and can one insert the interior sub-component of housing.
14. seal section as claimed in claim 9 also comprises:
The upper end that is fixed on housing is so that the upper connection that housing links to each other with pump, and upper connection has the axis channel that axle is extended through;
With the upper end sealing and fixing of capsule capsule retainer in the upper end of last isolated tube; And
In the axis channel lower end in the capsule retainer sealing insertion upper connection.
15. seal section as claimed in claim 9 also comprises:
The upper end that is fixed on housing is so that the upper connection that housing links to each other with pump, and upper connection has the axis channel that axle is extended through;
Be fixedly mounted on the sealed base in the axis channel of upper connection;
Link to each other and spring bias voltage rotary sealing spare rotatable with sealed base, slip joint with axle; And
Oil sealing, its be installed between axle in the axis channel and the upper connection and below sealed base in case any well fluid that leaks by sealed base flow into downwards in the annular pass in the isolated tube.
CN2007101088058A 2006-05-31 2007-05-31 Seal section for electrical submersible pump Expired - Fee Related CN101216047B (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US81011506P 2006-05-31 2006-05-31
US60/810,115 2006-05-31

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CN101216047A CN101216047A (en) 2008-07-09
CN101216047B true CN101216047B (en) 2011-09-21

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CA (1) CA2590452C (en)
EA (1) EA012953B1 (en)
SG (1) SG137826A1 (en)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US8322444B2 (en) * 2009-09-30 2012-12-04 Schlumberger Technology Corporation Surface refillable protector
CN108512343B (en) * 2018-06-15 2023-12-01 博远机电(嘉兴)有限公司 Permanent magnet motor and submersible pump
CN111963356B (en) * 2020-07-17 2022-01-07 杭州大源水电科技有限公司 Pipeline butt joint sealed type self-radiating energy-saving water wheel power generation equipment

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CN2285534Y (en) * 1997-01-16 1998-07-01 中原石油勘探局电潜泵技术研究所 Submerged motor for well

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
US3182214A (en) * 1962-12-26 1965-05-04 Borg Warner Submersible motor seal section
US3502919A (en) * 1969-01-02 1970-03-24 Borg Warner Submersible motor seal section
US4421999A (en) * 1981-03-02 1983-12-20 Hughes Tool Company Submersible pump seal section with multiple bellows
US4996689A (en) * 1989-02-01 1991-02-26 Vlsi Technology, Inc. Method of generating tests for a combinational logic circuit
US5622222A (en) * 1995-09-26 1997-04-22 Mobil Oil Corporation Scavenger system and electrical submersible pumps (ESP's)
CN2285534Y (en) * 1997-01-16 1998-07-01 中原石油勘探局电潜泵技术研究所 Submerged motor for well

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EA012953B1 (en) 2010-02-26
CN101216047A (en) 2008-07-09
SG137826A1 (en) 2007-12-28
CA2590452A1 (en) 2007-11-30
CA2590452C (en) 2010-12-21
EA200700966A1 (en) 2008-02-28

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