CN101210866A - Method for evaluating ceramic materials fracture toughness - Google Patents
Method for evaluating ceramic materials fracture toughness Download PDFInfo
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- CN101210866A CN101210866A CNA2006101351000A CN200610135100A CN101210866A CN 101210866 A CN101210866 A CN 101210866A CN A2006101351000 A CNA2006101351000 A CN A2006101351000A CN 200610135100 A CN200610135100 A CN 200610135100A CN 101210866 A CN101210866 A CN 101210866A
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 58
- 229910010293 ceramic material Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 21
- 238000013001 point bending Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000010998 test method Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims description 6
- 241000662429 Fenerbahce Species 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000009763 wire-cut EDM Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000000919 ceramic Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000005498 polishing Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000003672 processing method Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 239000000523 sample Substances 0.000 description 34
- PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Alumina Chemical compound [O-2].[O-2].[O-2].[Al+3].[Al+3] PNEYBMLMFCGWSK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 12
- 239000010936 titanium Substances 0.000 description 9
- UGACIEPFGXRWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N [Si].[Ti] Chemical compound [Si].[Ti] UGACIEPFGXRWCH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Al]O[Al]=O TWNQGVIAIRXVLR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000007373 indentation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003287 optical effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention relates to a method for evaluating fracture toughness property of ceramic material-single tapered notched beam method. The method comprises the following steps of: using a strip-shaped sample (3*4*36 or 3*4*45mm<3>) as a test sample, polishing, and prefabricating a tapered notch with mechanical processing method, wherein the width of the notch is controlled below 300 micrometer, the depth of the notch to a stretching plane are respectively controlled within 3.8-4mm and 0-0.8mm; and measuring the maximum load during loading process using a four point bending experimental device with controllable loading speed, and calculating the fracture toughness property of the ceramic material, wherein the inner span and the outer span of the experimental device are respectively 10mm and 30mm or 20mm and 40mm, and the loading speed is 0.05mm/min or below 0.05mm/min. The invention can simply, conveniently, rapidly and accurately the fracture toughness property of ceramic material, and solves the problems of high error in the signal notched beam method and difficult experimental sample preparation in the hill-shaped notch method.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of evaluation method of ceramic materials fracture toughness, be specially the fracture toughness of monolateral angular cut beam method evaluating ceramic materials.
Background technology
Stupalith is owing to have advantages such as high-melting-point, high-modulus, high strength, high rigidity, thereby wide application prospect is arranged.Fracture toughness is to describe a mechanical parameter of material opposing crack propagation ability, and is relevant with reliability of material, is one of most important mechanical property of stupalith.Since in fracture toughness and the engineering component how selection and material design closely related, how to make things convenient for and exactly evaluating ceramic materials fracture toughness all be subjected to very much material scholar and mechanics expert's attention all the time.Up to the present, mainly contain following several method of testing, SENB method, precrack method, chevron otch method, impression intensity method, impression break method, hertz indentation method etc.Point out in U.S. pottery association journal (Journal of the American Ceramic Society, 1118,89,2006), for some accurate plastic ceramic material such as Ti
3SiC
2, Ti
3AlC
2Deng, at sample surfaces, indentation method is difficult to crack and is not suitable for estimating the fracture toughness of this type of material, makes its range of application limit to some extent.The precrack method is prepared relatively difficulty of sample, thereby and after fracture crack tip be difficult for measuring and make this method use relatively difficulty.The SENB method is welcome widely owing to preparing very simple being subjected to of sample, yet many research work (Material Research Innovation, 41,9, (2005), Journal ofthe AmericanCeramic Society, 300,63, (1980)) show that measuring gained fracture toughness value in this way becomes big along with kerf width and increase, and also error ratio is bigger.Chevron otch method is a kind of relatively accurately method of evaluating ceramic materials fracture toughness, but preparing experiment sample difficulty relatively especially needs to guarantee crack initiation o'clock in a plane, and on the sample center line.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of method-monolateral angular cut beam method of evaluating ceramic materials fracture toughness, it is bigger to solve SENB method error, and chevron otch method preparing experiment sample problem such as difficulty relatively, provided a cover computing formula theoretically, and reliability and accuracy from experimentally having proved this method.
Technical scheme of the present invention is:
A kind of method of evaluating ceramic materials fracture toughness adopts monolateral angular cut beam method, adopts 3 * 4 * 36mm
3Perhaps 3 * 4 * 45mm
3(dimensional discrepancy is ± 0.2mm) strip sample utilizes the prefabricated angular cut of machining process as specimen, adopts the four-point bending experimental provision to carry out loading experiment; Record after the maximum load value P fracture toughness K that can utilize following formula (1) to calculate at material by four-point bending experiment
IC
Wherein P is maximum load in the loading procedure or the load after overcorrect, and B is the sample width, and W is a thickness of sample, Y
Min *Be the stress intensity factor coefficient, provide by formula (2) or (3):
S wherein
0Be the outer span of four-point bending anchor clamps, S
iBe the interior span of anchor clamps, a
1Be the bigger length of side surface notch depth, a
0Be the less length of the opposite side surface cuts degree of depth;
The width of described angular cut is controlled at (its gap width is the smaller the better) below 300 microns, and the otch end points degree of depth is controlled as follows respectively to the distance of stretching face: the length a that the side surface notch depth is bigger
1Within 3.8-4 millimeter scope, the length a that the opposite side surface cuts degree of depth is less
0Within 0-0.8 millimeter scope.
Described stupalith specimen preparation method, the strip sample surfaces must be polished to more than the 1000# carborundum paper from coarse to fine successively, handles without chamfering, chamfered edge, and sample each surface up and down is parallel to each other.
The prefabricated angular cut of described machining process adopts adamas microtome or Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining.
The interior span S of described four-point bending experimental provision
iBe 10 millimeters and outer span S
0Be 30 millimeters, perhaps span S in it
iBe 20 millimeters and outer span S
0It is 40 millimeters.
The loading speed of described four-point bending experimental provision is controlled, and loading speed is 0.05mm/min, perhaps is controlled at below the 0.05mm/min.
Described four-point bending experimental provision load value in loading procedure can accurately be measured, and its precision is more than 0.1 newton.
Advantage of the present invention is:
1, specimen is prepared simple.The required sample of this method of testing is 3 * 4 * 36mm
3Perhaps 3 * 4 * 45mm
3The strip sample (dimensional discrepancy is ± 0.2mm), utilize the prefabricated angular cut of machining process.The strip sample surfaces must be polished to more than the 1000# carborundum paper from coarse to fine successively, can not chamfering, chamfered edge handles, and sample each surface up and down is parallel to each other.The prefabricated angular cut of described machining process adopts adamas microtome or Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining.The width of described angular cut is controlled at below 300 microns, and the otch end points degree of depth is controlled at respectively within 3.8-4 millimeter and the 0-0.8 millimeter scope to the distance of stretching face.
2, experimental provision is simple.The interior span of the required four-point bending experimental provision of this method of testing is that 10 millimeters and outer span are 30 millimeters, perhaps in it span to be 20 millimeters be 40 millimeters with outer span; The loading speed of described four-point bending experimental provision is controlled, and loading speed is 0.05mm/min or is controlled under the 0.05mm/min; Described four-point bending experimental provision load value in loading procedure can accurately be measured, and its precision is more than 0.1 newton.
3, test result is accurate.Aluminium oxide (the Al that this method of testing is measured
2O
3) fracture toughness is 4.14MPam
1/2, silicon titanium carbide (Ti
3SiC
2) fracture toughness be 6.20MPam
1/2, the result measured with additive method is close, and especially the fracture toughness result with precrack method and chevron otch method is close.
4, the new method-monolateral angular cut beam method of the evaluating ceramic materials fracture toughness of the present invention's proposition, the advantage of comprehensive SENB method of energy and chevron otch method, setup test sample simply and easily, and the fracture toughness of evaluating ceramic materials exactly, then might overcome the weakness of other method of testings and reach the effect of optimizing method of testing.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is four-point bending experimental provision and specimen synoptic diagram.
Fig. 2 is the specimen schematic cross-section.
Fig. 3 measures aluminium oxide (Al for adopting monolateral angular cut beam method
2O
3) and silicon titanium carbide (Ti
3SiC
2) the fracture toughness curve.
Embodiment
The method of evaluating ceramic materials fracture toughness of the present invention-monolateral angular cut beam method.The strip sample that adopts 3mm * 4mm * 36mm or 3mm * 4mm * 45mm is as specimen (dimensional discrepancy ± 0.2mm within), utilize the prefabricated angular cut of adamas microtome or Wire EDM, adopt the four-point bending experimental provision to carry out loading experiment.The strip sample surfaces must be handled without chamfering, chamfered edge from thick (200# carborundum paper) to carefully being polished to successively more than the 1000# carborundum paper, and sample each surface up and down is parallel to each other.The loading speed of four-point bending experimental provision is controlled, and loading speed is 0.05mm/min or is controlled under the 0.05mm/min; Four-point bending experimental provision load value in loading procedure can accurately be measured, and its precision is more than 0.1 newton.Record after the maximum load value P fracture toughness K that can utilize following formula (1) to calculate at material by four-point bending experiment
IC
Wherein P is the maximum load in the loading procedure, and B is the sample width, and W is a thickness of sample, Y
Min *Be the stress intensity factor coefficient, can provide by formula (2) or (3):
S wherein
0Be the outer span of four-point bending anchor clamps, S
iBe the interior span of anchor clamps, a
1Be the bigger length of side surface notch depth, a
0Be the less length of the opposite side surface cuts degree of depth (can see figures.1.and.2).
Four-point bending experimental provision of the present invention and specimen as shown in Figure 1, sample is 3 * 4 * 36mm
3Perhaps 3 * 4 * 45mm
3The strip sample; The interior span S of four-point bending experimental provision
iBe 10 millimeters and outer span S
0Be 30 millimeters, perhaps span S in it
iBe 20 millimeters and outer span S
0Be 40 millimeters, " 1 " is loaded roll among the figure, and " 2 " are backing roll, the width of the prefabricated breach of " Notch width " representative.Specimen of the present invention cross section has been represented the meaning in each parameter of computing formula (1) respectively as shown in Figure 2, and B is the sample width, and W is a thickness of sample, a
1Be the bigger length of side surface notch depth, within 3.8-4 millimeter scope, a
0Be the less length of the opposite side surface cuts degree of depth, within 0-0.8 millimeter scope.
Derived theoretically computing formula and prove the reliability of this method of one aspect of the present invention is selected typical brittle ceramic materials aluminium oxide (Al on the other hand
2O
3) and accurate plastic ceramic material silicon titanium carbide (Ti
3SiC
2) as specimen, from practicality and the correctness that has experimentally confirmed this method.Below by example in detail the present invention is described in detail.
Embodiment 1
With the crystal grain width is the 4-6 micron, and crystal grain length is the silicon titanium carbide (Ti in the 15-20 micrometer range
3SiC
2) sample is as specimen.The width of prefabricated breach is respectively 140 microns, 205 microns, 250 microns and 383 microns, measures the distance of breach end points to stretching face under optical microscope, i.e. the bigger length a of side surface notch depth
1, the length a that the opposite side surface cuts degree of depth is less
0In the present embodiment, a
1Be 3.9 ± 0.1mm, a
0Be 0.5 ± 0.3mm, bar shaped sample width B is 3 ± 0.1mm, and bar shaped thickness of sample W is 4 ± 0.1mm, and the bar shaped sample length is 36mm.Span is 10 millimeters in adopting, and outer span is 30 millimeters a four-point bending device, and loading speed is 0.05 mm/min.Measure the maximum load value and write down loaded load and time relation figure.Experimental result shows: along with the width increase of breach, its fracture toughness value increases.When gap width was about 140 microns, the fracture toughness value was 6.20MPam
1/2When gap width was 205 microns, the fracture toughness value was 6.38MPam
1/2When gap width was about 250 microns, the fracture toughness value was 6.92MPam
1/2When gap width was about 383 microns, the fracture toughness value was 7.53MPam
1/2
With crystallite dimension is aluminium oxide (Al in the 2-4 micrometer range
2O
3) sample is as specimen.The width of prefabricated breach is respectively 140 microns, 205 microns, 250 microns and 383 microns, measures the distance of breach end points to stretching face under optical microscope, i.e. the bigger length a of side surface notch depth
1, the length a that the opposite side surface cuts degree of depth is less
0In the present embodiment, a
1Be 3.9 ± 0.1mm, a
0Be 0.5 ± 0.3mm, bar shaped sample width B is 3 ± 0.1mm, and bar shaped thickness of sample W is 4 ± 0.1mm, and the bar shaped sample length is 36mm.Span is 10 millimeters in adopting, and outer span is 30 millimeters a four-point bending device, and loading speed is 0.05 mm/min.Measure the maximum load value and write down loaded load and time relation figure.Experimental result shows: along with the width increase of breach, its fracture toughness value slightly increases.When gap width was about 140 microns, the fracture toughness value was 4.14MPam
1/2When gap width was 205 microns, the fracture toughness value was 4.16MPam
1/2When gap width was about 250 microns, the fracture toughness value was 4.43MPam
1/2When gap width was about 383 microns, the fracture toughness value was 4.62MPam
1/2
As shown in Figure 3, the present invention adopts monolateral angular cut beam method to measure aluminium oxide (Al
2O
3) and silicon titanium carbide (Ti
3SiC
2) fracture toughness.As seen along with gap width when 140 microns increase by 250 microns, for silicon titanium carbide (Ti
3SiC
2) and aluminium oxide (Al
2O
3), its fracture toughness value of measuring gained all increases, but increasing degree is smaller.Yet when gap width surpasses 300 microns (for example in this experiment 383 microns), its fracture toughness value has increased many.Therefore, the width of advising prefabricated breach should be controlled at below 250 microns proper.With the fracture toughness value of experiment gained and employing additive method gained fracture toughness value compare as can be known (as shown in table 1), the fracture toughness value of this method gained is consistent with chevron breach method gained fracture toughness value basically, be slightly less than and adopt the measured fracture toughness value of monolateral breach beam method, illustrate that the measured fracture toughness of this method has than higher accuracy.
Table 1. distinct methods is measured silicon titanium carbide (Ti
3SiC
2) and aluminium oxide (Al
2O
3) fracture toughness
[1]Y.W.Bao，Y.C.Zhou，Effect?of?sample?size?and?testing?temperature?on?thefracture?toughness?ofTi
3SiC
2，Mater.Res.Innovant.9(2)，(2005)，41-42.
Document [1] Chinese: Bao Yiwang, in the distribution spring, sample size and probe temperature are to the influence of silicon titanium carbide fracture toughness, and material is innovated, and 9 (2), (2005), 41-42.
[2]D.T.Wan，Y.C.Zhou，Y.W.Bao，C.K.Yan，In-situ?reaction?systhesis?andcharacterization?of?Ti
3Si(Al)C
2/SiC?composites，Ceram.Intern.32(8)，(2006)，883-890.
Document [2] Chinese: Wan Detian, distribution spring, Bao Yiwang, Yan Chengke, original position synthesizing Si-Al titanium carbide/composite material of silicon carbide and sign thereof, international pottery, 32 (8), (2006), 883-890.
[3]D.Munz，R.T.Bubsey，J.L.Shannon，Jr.Fracture?toughness?determination?ofAl2O3?using?four-point-bend?specimens?with?straight-through?and?chevron?notches，J.Am.Ceram.Soc.63(5)，(1980)，300-305.
Document [3] Chinese: D.Munz, R.T.Bubsey, J.L.Shannon, Jr. adopt the four-point bending sample that contains straight-through breach and chevron breach to estimate the aluminium oxide fracture toughness, U.S.'s pottery proceedings, 63 (5), (1980), 300-305.
Illustrate: say that for same material measured fracture toughness is influenced by crystallite dimension, sample shape, sample size, method of testing and experiment condition etc.
By embodiment 1 and embodiment 2, and compare as can be known with the result who has delivered, this method (monolateral oblique breach beam method) can be simple, convenient, fast, evaluating ceramic materials fracture toughness exactly, and it combines the advantage of monolateral breach beam method and chevron breach beam method.
Claims (6)
1. the method for an evaluating ceramic materials fracture toughness is characterized in that: adopt monolateral angular cut beam method, adopt 3 * 4 * 36mm
3Perhaps 3 * 4 * 45mm
3The strip sample as specimen, dimensional discrepancy is ± 0.2mm, utilizes the prefabricated angular cut of machining process, adopts the four-point bending experimental provision to carry out loading experiment; Record after the maximum load value P fracture toughness K that can utilize following formula (1) to calculate at material by four-point bending experiment
IC
Wherein P is maximum load in the loading procedure or the load after overcorrect, and B is the sample width, and W is a thickness of sample, Y
Min *Be the stress intensity factor coefficient, provide by formula (2) or (3):
S wherein
0Be the outer span of four-point bending anchor clamps, S
iBe the interior span of anchor clamps, a
1Be the bigger length of side surface notch depth, a
0Be the less length of the opposite side surface cuts degree of depth;
The width of described angular cut is controlled at below 300 microns, and the otch end points degree of depth is controlled as follows respectively to the distance of stretching face: the length a that the side surface notch depth is bigger
1Within 3.8-4 millimeter scope, the length a that the opposite side surface cuts degree of depth is less
0Within 0-0.8 millimeter scope.
2. according to the described stupalith specimen of claim 1 preparation method, it is characterized in that: the strip sample surfaces must be polished to more than the 1000# carborundum paper from coarse to fine successively, handles without chamfering, chamfered edge, and sample each surface up and down is parallel to each other.
3. according to the described stupalith specimen of claim 1 preparation method, it is characterized in that: the prefabricated angular cut of described machining process adopts adamas microtome or Wire-cut Electrical Discharge Machining.
4. according to the described ceramic materials fracture toughness method of testing of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the interior span S of described four-point bending experimental provision
iBe 10 millimeters and outer span S
0Be 30 millimeters, perhaps span S in it
iBe 20 millimeters and outer span S
0It is 40 millimeters.
5. according to the described ceramic materials fracture toughness method of testing of claim 1, it is characterized in that: the loading speed of described four-point bending experimental provision is controlled, 0＜loading speed≤0.05mm/min.
6. according to the described ceramic materials fracture toughness method of testing of claim 1, it is characterized in that: described four-point bending experimental provision load value in loading procedure can accurately be measured, and its precision is more than 0.1 newton.
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| CN102374951A (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2012-03-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for evaluating tearing toughness of ductile metal materials |
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| CN102374951A (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2012-03-14 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for evaluating tearing toughness of ductile metal materials |
| CN102374951B (en) * | 2010-08-11 | 2013-07-24 | 中国科学院金属研究所 | Method for evaluating tearing toughness of ductile metal materials |
| CN102607952A (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2012-07-25 | 北京理工大学 | Experiment device and method for prestressing ceramic material |
| CN102607952B (en) * | 2012-03-13 | 2013-10-16 | 北京理工大学 | Experiment device and method for prestressing ceramic material |
| CN103913378A (en) * | 2014-03-21 | 2014-07-09 | 南京航空航天大学 | Test method of stretching stress-strain curve of ceramic matrix composite material |
| CN104316372A (en) * | 2014-10-22 | 2015-01-28 | 上海大学 | Preparation method of breaking tenacity sample made of ceramic material |
| CN108603822A (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2018-09-28 | 马萨诸塞材料技术有限公司 | The material property under local tensile stress is measured by contact mechanics |
| CN108603822B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2021-10-08 | 马萨诸塞材料技术有限公司 | Measurement of material properties under local tensile stress by contact mechanics |
| CN109406280A (en) * | 2018-12-05 | 2019-03-01 | 航天科工防御技术研究试验中心 | A kind of quantitative detecting method of coating material impression fracture toughness |
| CN110954406A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-03 | 天台婉枫电子有限公司 | High alumina porcelain insulating material mechanical strength check out test set |
| CN112067462A (en) * | 2020-09-10 | 2020-12-11 | 中国建材检验认证集团股份有限公司 | Method and device for prefabricating cracks on ultrathin brittle material |
| CN112924254A (en) * | 2021-01-29 | 2021-06-08 | 中国建材检验认证集团股份有限公司 | Method and system for preparing transparent material natural crack and determining tip position |
| CN113466043A (en) * | 2021-07-19 | 2021-10-01 | 蒙娜丽莎集团股份有限公司 | Method for testing fracture toughness of ceramic rock plate |
| CN114062133A (en) * | 2021-11-12 | 2022-02-18 | 横店集团东磁股份有限公司 | Method and device for testing mechanical strength of solar cell |
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