CN101207313B - Electric generating apparatus with combined generator and power generation method thereof - Google Patents
Electric generating apparatus with combined generator and power generation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a power generation device with a combined-typed generator and a power generation method of the power generation device. The combined-typed generator consists of a main generator and a supplementary generator; the main generator has different characteristics from that of the supplementary generator and is coupled to a prime motor in the mechanical way, wherein, the power rating of the supplementary motor is less than that of the main generator, the supplementary generator is first to be driven when the prime motor runs in the primary low speed, when the rotating speed of the prime motor reaches a given value, the main generator is then driven to be rotated, thereby improving the overall performance of the generator and the device and the stability of the electric network, and further reducing the energy cost of the operation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and electricity-generating method thereof with combined generator, be particularly related to a kind of generator framework that has double-fed type induction generator (Doubly-fed Induction Generator:DFIG) and synchronous generator (Synchronous Generator:SG) advantage concurrently, its power output is based on the double-fed type induction generator, synchronous generator is auxilliary, and latter's rated power is not more than 1/3 of the former rated power, help to promote the overall performance and the grid stability of generator and institute's device driven thereof, and further reduce the cost of energy that turns round, be suitable for association areas such as generator application and manufacturing.
Background technology
Based on the environmental protection and economy demand, regeneration (natural) energy electricity generation system becomes in recent years the actively big event of research and development, wind power generation for example, hydroelectric power generation, solar power generation or the like, with regard to wind power generation, the tradition large scale wind power machine is to adopt induction generator (Induction Generator:IG), directly be connected in the running with electrical network, slippage is many in-2%, so be regarded as the constant speed operation, have simple in structure, advantages such as cost is lower, yet its shortcoming is that wind energy acquisition efficient is difficult for improving, and drive system is vulnerable to the fitful wind shock effect, and needs CSET group compensation virtual work.
Because variable-speed generator can improve above-mentioned induction generator shortcoming, become the large scale wind power machine market mainstream at present, the variable-speed generator that it adopted is based on induction generator and synchronous generator (Synchronous Generator:SG), it is right that device carries out speed Control to power conversions (Power Converter), so cost is higher owing to arranging in pairs or groups.
With regard to induction generator, be voltage swing and the frequency that meets electrical network, the induction generator that is applied to speed-changing draught fan one group of back-to-back formula (back to back) pulse-width modulation (Pulse-Width Modulation:PWM) type electric power converter of must arranging in pairs or groups, if use squirrel-cage induction generator (Squirrel-cage Induction Generator:SCIG), must use flat-out electric power converter, if adopt wound rotor formula (Wound-rotor) induction generator, be so-called double-fed type induction generator (Doubly-fed Induction Generator:DFIG), the electric power converter of its use general power of electric power converter 1/3 only then, than the tool cost advantage, about 70% in the occupation rate of market of large scale wind power machine, be the framework of at present main flow; In addition, because of the consideration of exciting curent, induction generator can't be done multipole number design, so the gear train of also must arranging in pairs or groups comes the speedup running.
With regard to synchronous generator, synchronous generator can be adopted multipole design, can use permanent magnet excitatory on the rotor to reduce copper loss, be so-called magneto alternator (Permanent Magnet Synchronous Generator:PMSG), what be applicable to gearless (Gearless) directly drives framework, therefore can simplify drive system, and its energy conversion efficiency is higher, yet be all visitor's system product at present, and must use the total power electric power converter, cost is very high.
Contrast the performance of above-mentioned double-fed type induction generator and two kinds of generator systems of synchronous generator, can compare following main strengths and weaknesses:
The double-fed type induction generator
Must use the gear train speedup, then slip ring must be installed on the rotor, so must carry out periodic maintenance;
Must not use the total power electric power converter, its slippage range of speeds is in ± 30%, so the incision of wind energy conversion system (cut in) rotating speed has a lower limit;
Adopt the part power electronic converters, during the wind energy conversion system running, stator is connected with electrical network, therefore generator and electrical network can't be full decoupled, when the line voltage rapid drawdown, wind energy conversion system can't be kept normal operation, so desire requires to maintain net output virtual work according to the electrical network operator, to assist recovering line voltage, the technical difficulty degree of its enforcement is higher;
Exciting curent must be supplied by the outside, therefore is difficult in Li Island area independent operation.
Synchronous generator
Can adopt gearless direct-drive type design, not have the problem of gear train maintenance, reliability is higher, but the generator torque of direct-drive type correspondence is bigger, and diameter is bigger, and power maximizes afterwards is unfavorable for that transportation installs;
Adopt the total power electric power converter, the range of speed control can not have the low limit value of running, so wind energy conversion system can be by lower incision (cut in) rotating speed entry into service by zero rotating speed to rated speed;
Adopt the total power electric power converter, so generator and electrical network full decoupled (decoupled), when the line voltage rapid drawdown, wind energy conversion system has the ability to remain in operation, and therefore can maintain net output virtual work according to electrical network operator's requirement, assists to recover line voltage.
Because of being independent excitatory, can drive generator output voltage after the blade rotation, but therefore independent operation is fit to be applied to the Li Island area.
Comprehensive as can be known above-mentioned, the inferior position of double-fed type induction generator is that its system decoupling is inferior to synchronous generator, and synchronous generator then has system cost higher, reaches shortcomings such as maximization is difficult for.
Secondly, thumping majority is made of single generator in the wind energy conversion system at present, though had practicality, is subject to the characteristic that it selects generator for use, can't be promoted to the advantage that merges other generator; And minority adopts the wind energy conversion system of a plurality of generator designs, its common notion is: the generator of smaller power or the electric power converter of its collocation are more easily made or are obtained, and the lifting transportation is more convenient, therefore synthesizes its designed rated output power with a plurality of generators.
With products characteristics, adopt the V47 (660kW) that the wind energy conversion system of a plurality of generator designs can Denmark Vestas company and the Liberty (2.5MW) of U.S. Clipper company to be representative, former structure as shown in Figure 1, belong to traditional constant speed wind energy conversion system, it has a main generator 9, a subsidiary generator 16, its operating principle is the subsidiary generator 16 that uses smaller power when starting and low wind speed, above the main generator 9 that then makes apparatus rated power behind a certain wind speed; Latter's structure as shown in Figure 2, be the new product on the speed change wind energy conversion system market in recent years, characteristic is for adopting the design of No. 6304002, described company United States Patent (USP), its a plurality of generators 70 are squirrel-cage induction generator or the magneto alternators that adopt less and equal-wattage, lifting is convenient, and the function with redundant (Redundancy), however described a plurality of generator 70 still belongs to congener generator, so still be subject to the characteristic of described class generator.
See also shown in Figure 3 again, the Japanese patent of invention spy that pine docking bridge beam Co., Ltd. got permission to announce in 1997 opens flat 9-60575 number " wind power plant ", described case discloses the framework of a kind of main wind energy conversion system and the collocation of auxiliary wind energy conversion system, it is to comprise the main wind energy conversion system 1 that is made of auto-excitation type induction generator 3, and the auxiliary wind energy conversion system 2 of synchronous generator 4 formations, described main wind energy conversion system 1 is to obtain exciting curent by electrical network when the electrical network normal power supply, and energy output presented online, accessory power supply when 2 of described auxiliary wind energy conversion systems provide grid cut-off or independent operation, change speech, described main wind energy conversion system 1 is independent runnings with described auxiliary wind energy conversion system 2, its framework only is to provide one group of standby wind-force base, and can't operate simultaneously by two groups of wind energy conversion systems and promote generating efficiency.
See also Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 again, described etc. graphic be to disclose U.S.'s patent of invention No. 5365153, described patent discloses a kind of alternating current motor M that drives battery of electric vehicle 1, it comprises a permanent magnet synchronous motor 20, an and induction motor 30, described permanent magnet synchronous motor 20, induction motor 30 coaxial being arranged in the rotating shaft 11, its rotor 20,30 respectively by connecting line 24,34 are electrically connected on two different inverters 28,38 input AC electric currents, with described permanent magnet synchronous motor 20 of drive and induction motor 30, and described inverter 28,38 and battery 1 between be provided with switch 27,37, by control system 45 detecting semiconductor devices 25,35 and control switch 27,37; Under this kind configuration mode, described electric motor car is can be in conjunction with syncmotor 20 and the induction motor 30 torsion output characteristic when the different rotating speeds separately, therefore no matter be under the high rotating speed or the slow-speed of revolution, all can obtain abundant power, make described combined type motor have bigger speed control range, reach the effect of drawing on the strong points to offset the weaknesses.
Summary of the invention
Because prior art, main purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and electricity-generating method thereof with combined generator, and it is in conjunction with at least two kinds of generators with different operation principles, utilizes it to carry out complementation in operating space of advantage separately; For example: in conjunction with the advantage of double-fed type induction generator (Doubly-fed Induction Generator:DFIG) with synchronous generator (Synchronous Generator:SG), making its power output is based on the double-fed type induction generator, synchronous generator is auxilliary, and latter's rated power is not more than 1/3 of the former rated power, so can help to promote the overall performance and the grid stability of generator and institute's device driven thereof, and further reduce the cost of energy of wind energy conversion system running.
Secondary objective of the present invention is to propose a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and electricity-generating method thereof with combined generator, double motor framework with double-fed type induction generator and synchronous generator, utilize the operating range of synchronous generator not to be subjected to ± characteristic of 30% slippage rotating speed restriction, can drop into the running of generating electricity in the slippage rotating speed earlier under greater than+30% the slow-speed of revolution, that is the incision wind speed of wind energy conversion system can reduce, therefore annual energy output can improve, and helps to reduce the average energy cost of wind energy conversion system.
Another object of the present invention is to propose a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and electricity-generating method thereof with combined generator, double motor framework with double-fed type induction generator and synchronous generator, when the line voltage rapid drawdown, the electric power converter that causes being connected on the double-fed type induction generator rotor may be because of forbidden manufacture above its permission operating condition (disabled), in the time of can't being responsible for keeping the voltage of dc bus, the ac/dc power converter of described synchronous generator can be taken over the voltage of being responsible for keeping dc bus at once, make wind energy conversion system assist to recover line voltage according to instruction output virtual work.
Another purpose of the present invention is to propose a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and electricity-generating method thereof with combined generator, double motor framework with double-fed type induction generator and synchronous generator, because of synchronous generator is independent excitatory, so can make the synchronous generator output voltage after the blade rotation, and can on dc bus, set up fixing voltage via ac/dc power converter, even therefore not having electrical network can connect, wind turbine system also can be from line output fixed voltage and frequency, and provide exciting curent to make its running generating to the double-fed type induction generator, therefore can independent operation, be fit to be applied to the Li Island area.
A further object of the present invention is to propose a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and electricity-generating method thereof with combined generator, double motor framework with double-fed type induction generator and synchronous generator, if based on cost consideration, the power of synchronous generator can be much smaller than the double-fed type induction generator, be easier to customization, or select for use the mode of existing standard product to obtain; Because power is little, so the acquisition cost of the electric power converter of synchronous generator (SG) and collocation thereof is all low, and because newly-increased power is quite limited, aforementioned back-to-back formula pulse-width modulation (PWM) type electric power converter can be still according to the specification of double-fed type induction generator, therefore the increase of generator system cost is extremely limited, estimates controlled being formed in 10%.
A further object of the present invention is to propose a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and electricity-generating method thereof with combined generator, double motor framework with double-fed type induction generator and synchronous generator, the output of synchronous generator can be through the accessory power supply of suitable transducer as wind energy conversion system inside electric-control system (as the swing angle control system), therefore when wind energy conversion system runs into electric network fault in operation process, electric-control system needs provide power supply according to external UPS (UPS) fully, reliability that can the running of raising system.
A further object of the present invention is to propose a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and electricity-generating method thereof with combined generator, when being applied to wind turbine system, can make the performance of wind turbine system and the wind-driven generator that cost performance is better than present arbitrary pattern, compare with double-fed type induction generator type wind energy conversion system, design alteration is limited, enforcement there is no difficulty, be not only applicable to the design of new machine, also can be applicable to the renewal (retrofit) of existing double-fed type induction generator type wind energy conversion system, to enlarge the electrical network regulation in parallel that its range of application and four should be new, so have high industrial value.
A further object of the present invention is to propose a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) and electricity-generating method thereof with combined generator, except that wind turbine system, also can be applicable to Hydraulic Power System or relevant electricity generation system field, and usage range is wide.
For achieving the above object, the present invention proposes a kind of Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator, described Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) includes at least one combined generator and with the coupling of described combined generator and drive prime mover of described combined generator, and described combined generator more includes the auxiliary generator that a main generator and rated power are different from described main generator less than the rated power and the operation principles of described main generator; By aforesaid combination, and, at first drive described auxiliary generator running generating, when treating described prime mover turn up one set point, drive described main generator running generating again in described prime mover initial stage during low-speed running.
Preferably, the rated power of described auxiliary generator be not more than described main generator rated power 1/3.
Preferably, described main generator is a pair of feed induction generator, and its stator coil is to be connected to an electrical network; Described auxiliary generator is a synchronous generator.
Preferably, described Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) more comprises: connect the rotor of described main generator a rotor-side electric power converter, be connected to an electrical network a grid side electric power converter, be arranged between described rotor-side electric power converter and the described grid side electric power converter, direct current bus by described electrical network decision voltage, and an ac/dc power converter that connects the stator of described auxiliary generator, the output of described ac/dc power converter is to connect described dc bus.
Preferably, the end that is connected with electrical network of described grid side electric power converter is to connect a power consumption property load.
Preferably, described ac/dc power converter can one of them substitutes with an alternating current-direct current rectification boosting circuit or back-to-back pulsewidth modulation power transducer.
Preferably, described Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) more comprises a power system, and in order to operating power to be provided, described power system has at least a input power supply.
Preferably, the input power supply of described power system can be provided by the stator output voltage of described dc bus or described auxiliary generator.
Preferably, described Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) more comprises a controller, is can be converted to power control or torque control model in order to the control model with described main generator and auxiliary generator in order to control described main generator and auxiliary generator start, to comprise.
Preferably, described main generator and described auxiliary generator are by a gear train and the coupling of described prime mover, are driven indirectly by described prime mover.
Preferably, described main generator is connected with described auxiliary generator is coaxial, and described main generator and described auxiliary generator be connected with described gear train.
Preferably, described main generator and described auxiliary generator are that different output shafts by described gear train are connected with described prime mover.
Preferably, the power shaft of described auxiliary generator be directly to the output shaft of described prime mover, directly drive by described prime mover.
Preferably, described prime mover can be driven by wind-force or waterpower equal energy source and rotate.
Preferably, described prime mover is an impeller, and described impeller has a plurality of blades, and the swing angle of described blade has adjustable, uses the energy that the control blade can capture, and changes the power output of described impeller then.
Preferably, the swing angle of described blade is controlled by a swing angle control module.
Preferably, described auxiliary generator has a short circuit current, makes the stator coil of described auxiliary generator can do the short circuit of blink, in order to provide described prime mover one brake deceleration torque to reduce rotating speed.
Preferably, described main generator is induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator, and reluctance generator one of them, or by induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator, and the group that reluctance generator is formed forms.
Preferably, described auxiliary generator is induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator, and reluctance generator one of them, or by induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator, and the group that reluctance generator is formed forms.
Again, the present invention more proposes a kind of electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator, it comprises the following steps: that (a) provides a combined generator and a prime mover, and described prime mover is to be coupled to described combined generator and to drive described combined generator; Described combined generator includes a main generator and an auxiliary generator, and the rated power of described auxiliary generator is the rated power less than described main generator, and the operation principles of described auxiliary generator is to be different from described main generator; (b) when described prime mover in initial stage during low-speed running, at first drive described auxiliary generator running generating; And (c) treat that described prime mover reaches one when setting rotating speed, again by the described main generator running of described prime mover driven generating.
Preferably, the described step (c) of described electricity-generating method more comprises a voltage control program afterwards, described voltage control program comprises step: charge with the output voltage conversion of described auxiliary generator and to dc bus by a controller, and described dc bus is charged to a reference voltage level of setting; And described reaching set reference voltage level and be sent to an electric power converter, control described dc bus voltage by described electric power converter.
Preferably, described controller is can be converted to power control or torque control model in order to the control model with described main generator and auxiliary generator in order to control described main generator and auxiliary generator start, to comprise.
Preferably, described electric power converter is a back-to-back PWM-type electric power converter, and includes: a rotor-side electric power converter that connects the rotor that described main generator has; Be connected to a grid side electric power converter of an electrical network; And be arranged between described rotor-side electric power converter and the described grid side electric power converter, by the described dc bus of described electrical network decision voltage; Described auxiliary generator has at least one stator, and described stator is to connect an ac/dc power converter, and the output of described ac/dc power converter is to connect described dc bus; By this, the output voltage of described auxiliary generator is charged to the reference voltage level of a setting by described controller to described dc bus via described ac/dc power converter, again the described reference voltage level that reaches is sent to described grid side electric power converter, controls the voltage of described dc bus by described grid side electric power converter.
Preferably, described ac/dc power converter is to rise mode described dc bus is charged with slow.
Preferably, described ac/dc power converter can one of them substitutes with an alternating current-direct current rectification boosting circuit or back-to-back pulsewidth modulation power transducer.
Preferably, described voltage control program more comprises a balance of voltage program, is in order to keeping line voltage in a reasonable value, and comprises step: judge the line voltage state; When line voltage is lower than reasonable value, by the voltage of the described dc bus of described ac/dc power converter catcher control, and controls described grid side electric power converter by described controller and export virtual work, and reduce described prime mover rotating speed; And treat that line voltage restores to reasonable value, drive described main generator again and return to the normal operation pattern.
Preferably, described electricity-generating method more comprises a depressurization step, when described main generator rotor continuous running and when causing described dc bus voltage to surpass a reasonable value, the described grid side electric power converter of then forbidding manufacture operates, and start a power consumption property load, described power consumption load connects the end that described grid side electric power converter is connected with electrical network, drops to reasonable value to assist described dc bus voltage.
Preferably, described electricity-generating method is to provide operating power by a power system, and described power system has at least a input power supply.
Preferably, the input power supply of described power system can be provided by the stator output voltage of described dc bus or described auxiliary generator.
Preferably, in step (b), the stator coil of described auxiliary generator is done the short circuit of blink, in order to described prime mover one brake deceleration torque to be provided, the rotating speed of described prime mover is reduced.
Preferably, the stator coil of described auxiliary generator can be done the short circuit of blink, in order to described prime mover one brake deceleration torque to be provided, the rotating speed of described prime mover is reduced.
Preferably, the rated power of described auxiliary generator be not more than described main generator rated power 1/3.
Preferably, described auxiliary generator is a synchronous generator, and described main generator is a pair of feed induction generator.
Preferably, described prime mover is by a gear train and the coupling of described combined generator, is driven indirectly by described prime mover.
Preferably, the described main generator of described combined generator is connected with described auxiliary generator is coaxial, and described main generator is connected with described gear train with described auxiliary generator.
Preferably, the described main generator of described combined generator and described auxiliary generator are that different output shafts by described gear train are connected with described prime mover.
Preferably, the output shaft of described prime mover is the power shaft that is connected directly to the less auxiliary generator of described rated power, is directly driven by described prime mover.
Preferably, described prime mover is an impeller, and described impeller can be driven by wind-force or waterpower equal energy source and rotate.
Preferably, described impeller has a plurality of blades, and the swing angle of described blade has adjustable, uses the energy that the control blade can capture, and changes the power output of described impeller then.
Preferably, the swing angle of described blade is controlled by a swing angle control module.
Preferably, described main generator be induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator and reluctance generator one of them, or the group that is made up of induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator and reluctance generator forms.
Preferably, described auxiliary generator be induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator and reluctance generator one of them, or the group that is made up of induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator and reluctance generator forms.
Further understand and approval for structure purpose of the present invention and effect are had, existing cooperate diagram to describe in detail as after.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is existing a kind of structural representation that adopts the wind energy conversion system of a plurality of generator designs;
Fig. 2 is the existing another kind of structural representation that adopts the wind energy conversion system of a plurality of generator designs;
Fig. 3 is that existing Japanese patent of invention spy opens the structural representation of flat 9-60575 number " wind power plant ";
Fig. 4 and Fig. 5 are the structural representations of No. the 5365153rd, existing U.S. patent of invention;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of preferred embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals: 10-has the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator; The 20-combined generator; The 21-main generator; The 211-stator; The 212-rotor; The 22-auxiliary generator; The 30-impeller; The 31-blade; 32-swing angle control module; The 33-power transmission shaft; The 40-gear train; The 41-power transmission shaft; The 50-electrical network; 51,52,53-power supply input; The back-to-back PWM-type electric power converter of 60-; 61-rotor-side electric power converter; 62-grid side electric power converter; The 63-dc bus; The load of 64-power consumption property; 70-alternating current-direct current (AC/DC) electric power converter; The 71-output; The 80-power system; A, b, c-coupling path.
Embodiment
For reaching employed technological means of purpose and effect, and following graphic cited embodiment only is an aid illustration hereinafter with reference to the graphic the present invention of description who encloses, and the technological means of this case is not limited to cited graphic.
See also shown in Figure 6, the present invention provides a kind of device 10 with combined generator 20, described combined generator 20 mainly comprises a main generator 21 and an auxiliary generator 22, described main generator 21 is connected with described auxiliary generator 22, and the rated power of described auxiliary generator 22 is less than the rated power of described main generator 21, described combined generator 20 is by a prime mover driven, as shown in Figure 6, described prime mover is an impeller 30, it has a plurality of blade 31, and described blade 31 is electrically connected on a swing angle control module 32, adjust the swing angle of described blade 31 by described swing angle control module 32, use control 31 wind energies that can capture of described blade or water energy, then change the power output of described impeller 30, the impeller 30 of class pattern can be applicable to wind power generation as described, fields such as hydroelectric power generation are herein only with the concrete Application Example of wind-driven generator as the device 10 of using described combined generator 20; As for the kind of described main generator 21 with described auxiliary generator 22, the impeller 30 that then can cooperate described wind power generation form, adopt double-fed type induction generator (Doubly-fed Induction Generator:DFIG) and synchronous generator (Synchronous Generator:SG) respectively, and the rated power of described auxiliary generator 22 be not more than described main generator 21 rated power 1/3, or can be far below the rated power of described main generator 21.
As shown in Figure 6, between described combined generator 20 and described impeller 30, be provided with a gear train 40, described impeller 30 has a power transmission shaft 33 and is connected in described gear train 40, described gear train 40 has a power transmission shaft 41 and connects described combined generator 20, described gear train 40 is a speed increasing gear group, in order to change described impeller 30 rotating speeds, make described combined generator 20 speedups running, about the coupled modes of described combined generator 20 with described impeller 30, according to the difference of arrangement of mechanism, generator kind, following different enforcement means can be arranged:
When described main generator 21 adopts the double-fed type induction generator, can drive (Indirect drive) indirectly by described impeller 30 by the power transmission shaft 41 and described impeller 30 couplings of described gear train 40;
When described auxiliary generator 22 adopts synchronous generator, can adopt following coupled modes according to actual power and cost consideration:
Directly (, directly drive (Direct drive) by described impeller 30 as indicating a) among the figure with described impeller 30 couplings;
By described gear train 40 and described impeller 30 couplings (as indicating b among the figure), drive (Indirect drive) indirectly by described impeller 30;
With described 21 coaxial connections of main generator (as indicating c among the figure),, drive (Indirect drive) indirectly by described impeller 30 by described main generator 21, described gear train 40 and described impeller 30 couplings.
In addition, described main generator 21 also can be connected with described impeller 30 by the different output shaft (not shown)s of described gear train 40 with described auxiliary generator 22.
Secondly, because wind energy conversion system is by electric power converter generator to be carried out speed Control in the running, therefore according to generator kind difference, its power conversion circuit and institutional arrangement have different enforcement means again, as shown in Figure 6, described main generator 21 is made of stator 211 and rotor 212, described stator 211 is to be connected to an electrical network 50, between described rotor 212 and described electrical network 50, be provided with a back-to-back PWM-type electric power converter (back to back PWM-type power converter) 60, described back-to-back pulse-width modulation (PWM) type electric power converter 60 comprises a rotor-side electric power converter 61, one grid side electric power converter 62, one direct current bus 63, described rotor-side electric power converter 61 is the rotors 212 that connect described main generator 21, described grid side electric power converter 62 is to be connected to described electrical network 50,63 of described dc buss are arranged between described rotor-side electric power converter 61 and the described grid side electric power converter 62, and the voltage of described dc bus 63 is the voltage decisions by described electrical network 50; And the stator (not shown) of described auxiliary generator 22 is connected in an alternating current-direct current (AC/DC) electric power converter 70, the output 71 of described alternating current-direct current (AC/DC) electric power converter 70 is connected to the described dc bus 63 of described back-to-back pulse-width modulation (PWM) type electric power converter 60, according to systematic function and cost consideration, described alternating current-direct current (AC/DC) electric power converter 70 can an alternating current-direct current rectification boosting circuit or back-to-back pulse-width modulation (PWM) type electric power converter one of them substitute.
By above-mentioned arrangement, can make described impeller 30, gear train 40, combined generator 20, electrical network 50, back-to-back pulse-width modulation (PWM) type electric power converter 60 constitutes a complete loops with described alternating current-direct current (AC/DC) electric power converter 70, cooperate a power system 80 again, in order to provide single unit system 10 operations required power supply, and one the controller (not shown) in order to control single unit system 10 each member, belong to prior art about the effect of described power system 80 and controller and the effect that can reach thereof, do not repeat them here, but what must emphasize is, described power system 80 is except that can accepting described electrical network 50 input power supplys (as indicating 51 among the figure), can be provided by the stator output voltage of described dc bus 63 or described auxiliary generator 22 in addition (as indicating 52 among the figure, 53), when described electrical network 50 voltage collapses, can keep the normal operation of described device 10.
See also Fig. 6 again, described generation mode with device 10 of combined generator 20 is described, it mainly comprises following two steps:
When wind speed reaches the incision wind speed, described impeller 30 is driven to rotate, because described auxiliary generator 22 is to adopt the synchronous generator with low rated power, therefore can be driven generating earlier, its output voltage charges to described dc bus 63 in the slow mode that rises via described alternating current-direct current (AC/DC) electric power converter 70, to be charged to a setting reference voltage level, again the voltage of described dc bus 63 is handed to described grid side electric power converter 62 controls, simultaneously, described auxiliary generator 22 is controlled to be power control or torque control model; In said process, the swing angle of described blade 31 is maintained at about 0 degree.
When wind speed improves, make when described impeller 30 reaches a rated speed, can drive described main generator 21 and drop into generating, and control that described main generator 21 is controlled for power or torque control waits other pattern with high nominal power; Similarly, in said process, the swing angle of described blade 31 still is maintained at about 0 degree.
In brief, characteristics of the present invention are to have the different double-generator of rated power, when wind speed lower (initial stage low-speed running), earlier by more small-sized, as not have the low limit value of running synchronous generator (described auxiliary generator 22) running generating, after treating that wind speed reaches certain value, described double-fed type induction generator than the tool cost advantage (described main generator 21) drops into generating again, so, help to promote the overall performance and the grid stability of generator and institute's device driven thereof, and further reduce the cost of energy of running.
After finishing above-mentioned steps, described main generator 21, auxiliary generator 22 turn round simultaneously, described device 10 enters formal power generating stage, for making described impeller 30 be maintained at rated speed, make output remain rated power, can monitor the running situation of described device 10 by controller at any time, especially wind speed and line voltage situation.
For example, if wind speed continues to increase when reaching rated value, can control the swing angle that described swing angle control module 32 is adjusted described blade 31 by controller, to limit 31 wind energies that can capture of described blade, make described impeller 30 be maintained at rated speed, power output is maintained at rated power; In addition, when the high speed fitful wind causes described impeller 30 to surpass rated speed, the stator coil (not shown) of described auxiliary generator 22 can be done the short circuit of blink, so that bigger brake deceleration torque to be provided, assist described impeller 30 rotating speeds be maintained at certain limit in.
When if the voltage collapse states take place described electrical network in parallel 50, then can take the following step to keep voltage in a poised state:
By the voltage of the described dc bus 63 of described alternating current-direct current (AC/DC) electric power converter 70 catcher controls, and control described grid side electric power converter 62 by controller and export virtual works, to assist the recovery of line voltage;
Adjust the swing angle of described blade 31,, reduce energy output to reduce the wind energy of acquisition;
If it is too late that the swing angle of described blade 31 is adjusted, make rotor 212 continuous runnings of described main generator 21, and the voltage that causes described dc bus 63 is when surpassing a reasonable value, the described grid side electric power converter 62 of then forbidding manufacture operates, and start a power consumption property load (Dump Load) 64, drop in the reasonable value with the voltage of assisting described dc bus 63;
After treating the voltage recovery of described electrical network 50, again described main generator 21 is dropped into generating again, recover the normal operation pattern.
As previously mentioned, because the output voltage of described auxiliary generator 22 can be used as one group of input of described power system 80, so when the voltage collapse of described electrical network 50, still can keep the normal operation of described device 10.
In sum as can be known, combined generator 20 proposed by the invention is because in conjunction with two kinds of generators (the double motor framework of double-fed type induction generator (described main generator 21) and synchronous generator (described auxiliary generator 22)) with different operation principles, utilize it to carry out complementation in operating space of advantage separately, therefore have following advantage:
Its power output is based on the double-fed type induction generator, synchronous generator is auxilliary, and latter's rated power is not more than 1/3 of the former rated power, helps to promote the overall performance and the grid stability of generator and institute's device driven thereof, and further reduces the cost of energy of wind energy conversion system running.
Utilize the operating range of synchronous generator not to be subjected to ± characteristic of 30% slippage rotating speed restriction, can drop into the running of generating electricity in the slippage rotating speed earlier under greater than+30% the slow-speed of revolution, that is the incision wind speed of wind energy conversion system can reduce, therefore annual energy output can improve, and helps to reduce the average energy cost of wind energy conversion system.
When the line voltage rapid drawdown, the electric power converter that causes being connected on the double-fed type induction generator rotor may be because of forbidden manufacture above its permission operating condition (disabled), in the time of can't being responsible for keeping the voltage of dc bus, the ac/dc power converter of described synchronous generator can be taken over the voltage of being responsible for keeping dc bus at once, make wind energy conversion system assist to recover line voltage according to instruction output virtual work.
Because of synchronous generator is independent excitatory, so can make the synchronous generator output voltage after the blade rotation, and can on dc bus, set up fixing voltage via ac/dc power converter, even therefore not having electrical network can connect, wind turbine system also can be from line output fixed voltage and frequency, and provide exciting curent to make its running generating to the double-fed type induction generator, and therefore can independent operation, be fit to be applied to the Li Island area.
If based on cost consideration, the power of synchronous generator can be easier to customization, or select for use the mode of existing standard product to obtain much smaller than the double-fed type induction generator; Because power is little, so the acquisition cost of the electric power converter of synchronous generator (SG) and collocation thereof is all low, and because newly-increased power is quite limited, aforementioned back-to-back formula pulse-width modulation (PWM) type electric power converter can be still according to the specification of double-fed type induction generator, therefore the increase of generator system cost is extremely limited, estimates controlled being formed in 10%.
The output of synchronous generator can be through the accessory power supply of suitable transducer as wind energy conversion system inside electric-control system (as the swing angle control system), therefore when wind energy conversion system runs into electric network fault in operation process, electric-control system needs provide power supply according to external UPS (UPS) fully, reliability that can the running of raising system.
When being applied to wind turbine system, can make the performance of wind turbine system and the wind-driven generator that cost performance is better than present arbitrary pattern, compare with double-fed type induction generator type wind energy conversion system, design alteration is limited, enforcement there is no difficulty, is not only applicable to the design of new machine, also can be applicable to the renewal (retrofit) of existing double-fed type induction generator type wind energy conversion system, to enlarge the electrical network regulation in parallel that its range of application and four should be new, so have high industrial value.
Except that wind turbine system, also can be applicable to Hydraulic Power System or relevant electricity generation system field, usage range is wide.
Look into framework provided by the present invention and method institute in various wind-force, water engineer product and relevant patent thereof and research and do not see, have novelty, innovation, and key element such as practicality, so the request for proposal patent of invention.
Yet the above only is a most preferred embodiment of the present invention, when can not with the scope implemented of qualification the present invention.Promptly the equalization of doing according to claim of the present invention generally changes and modifies, and all should still belong in the scope that patent of the present invention contains.
Claims (33)
1. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator is characterized in that, includes:
At least one combined generator, it more includes: a main generator, it is a pair of feed induction generator, its stator coil is to be connected to an electrical network; And an auxiliary generator, it is a synchronous generator, its rated power is the rated power less than described main generator, and the operation principles of described auxiliary generator is to be different from described main generator; And
One prime mover is with described combined generator coupling and can drive described combined generator;
One back-to-back PWM-type electric power converter, it includes: a rotor-side electric power converter is the rotor that connects described main generator; One grid side electric power converter is to be connected to described electrical network; One direct current bus is to be arranged between described rotor-side electric power converter and the described grid side electric power converter, and the voltage of described dc bus is the voltage decision by described electrical network; And
One ac/dc power converter is the stator that connects described auxiliary generator, and its output is to connect described dc bus;
By aforesaid combination, and, at first drive described auxiliary generator running generating, when treating described prime mover turn up one set point, drive described main generator running generating again in described prime mover initial stage during low-speed running.
2. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the rated power of described auxiliary generator be not more than described main generator rated power 1/3.
3. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described ac/dc power converter can one of them substitutes with an alternating current-direct current rectification boosting circuit or back-to-back pulsewidth modulation power transducer.
4. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: more comprise a power system, in order to operating power to be provided, described power system has at least a input power supply.
5. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that: the input power supply of described power system can be provided by the stator output voltage of described dc bus or described auxiliary generator.
6. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: more comprise a controller, be to be converted to power control or torque control model in order to control model with described main generator and auxiliary generator in order to control described main generator and auxiliary generator start, to comprise.
7. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described main generator and described auxiliary generator are by a gear train and the coupling of described prime mover, are driven indirectly by described prime mover.
8. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: described main generator is connected with described auxiliary generator is coaxial, and described main generator is connected with described gear train with described auxiliary generator.
9. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 7 is characterized in that: described main generator and described auxiliary generator are that the different output shafts by described gear train are connected with described prime mover.
10. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: the power shaft of described auxiliary generator is the output shaft that is connected directly to described prime mover, is directly driven by described prime mover.
11. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: described prime mover can be driven by wind-force or hydraulic energy and rotate.
12. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described prime mover is an impeller, described impeller has a plurality of blades, and the swing angle of described blade has adjustable, use the energy that the control blade can capture, change the power output of described impeller then.
13. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 12 is characterized in that: the swing angle of described blade is controlled by a swing angle control module.
14. the Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) with combined generator as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary generator has a short circuit current, make the stator coil of described auxiliary generator can do the short circuit of blink, in order to provide described prime mover one brake deceleration torque to reduce rotating speed.
15. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
(a) provide a combined generator and a prime mover, described prime mover is to be coupled to described combined generator and to drive described combined generator; Described combined generator includes a main generator and an auxiliary generator, and the rated power of described auxiliary generator is the rated power less than described main generator, and the operation principles of described auxiliary generator is to be different from described main generator;
(b) when described prime mover in initial stage during low-speed running, at first drive described auxiliary generator running generating; And
When (c) treating that described prime mover reaches a setting rotating speed, again by the described main generator running of described prime mover driven generating;
Described step (c) more comprises a voltage control program afterwards, and it comprises the following steps:
-electric power converter, described electric power converter are provided is a back-to-back PWM-type electric power converter, it includes:
One rotor-side electric power converter is to connect the rotor that described main generator had;
One grid side electric power converter is to be connected to an electrical network; And
One direct current bus is to be arranged between described rotor-side electric power converter and the described grid side electric power converter, and the voltage of described dc bus is the voltage decision by described electrical network;
Described auxiliary generator has at least one stator, and described stator is to connect an ac/dc power converter, and the output of described ac/dc power converter is to connect described dc bus;
The output voltage of described auxiliary generator is charged to the reference voltage level of a setting by described controller to described dc bus via described ac/dc power converter, voltage with described dc bus is sent to described grid side electric power converter again, is controlled the voltage of described dc bus by described grid side electric power converter.
16. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that: described controller is can be converted to power control or torque control model in order to the control model with described main generator and auxiliary generator in order to control described main generator and auxiliary generator start, to comprise.
17. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that: described ac/dc power converter is to rise mode described dc bus is charged with slow.
18. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that: described ac/dc power converter can one of them substitutes with an alternating current-direct current rectification boosting circuit or back-to-back pulsewidth modulation power transducer.
19. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that: described voltage control program more comprises a balance of voltage program, is in order to keeping line voltage in a reasonable value, and it comprises the following steps:
-judgement line voltage state;
-when line voltage is lower than reasonable value, by the voltage of the described dc bus of described ac/dc power converter catcher control, and controls described grid side electric power converter by described controller and export virtual work, and reduce described prime mover rotating speed; And
-treat that line voltage restores to reasonable value, drive described main generator again and return to the normal operation pattern.
20. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that: be to provide operating power by a power system, described power system has at least a input power supply.
21. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 20 is characterized in that: the input power supply of described power system can be provided by the stator output voltage of described dc bus or described auxiliary generator.
22. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that: described step (b), the stator coil of described auxiliary generator is done the short circuit of blink, in order to described prime mover one brake deceleration torque to be provided, the rotating speed of described prime mover is reduced.
23. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that: the rated power of described auxiliary generator be not more than described main generator rated power 1/3.
24. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 15 is characterized in that: described auxiliary generator is a synchronous generator, and described main generator is a pair of feed induction generator.
25. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that: described prime mover is by a gear train and the coupling of described combined generator, is driven indirectly by described prime mover.
26. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 25, it is characterized in that: the described main generator of described combined generator is connected with described auxiliary generator is coaxial, and described main generator is connected with described gear train with described auxiliary generator.
27. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 25 is characterized in that: the described main generator of described combined generator and described auxiliary generator are that the different output shafts by described gear train are connected with described prime mover.
28. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that: the output shaft of described prime mover is the power shaft that is connected directly to the less auxiliary generator of described rated power, is directly driven by described prime mover.
29. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 22 is characterized in that: described prime mover is an impeller, and described impeller can be driven by wind-force or hydraulic energy and rotate.
30. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 29, it is characterized in that: described impeller has a plurality of blades, the swing angle of described blade has adjustable, uses the energy that the control blade can capture, and changes the power output of described impeller then.
31. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 30 is characterized in that: the swing angle of described blade is controlled by a swing angle control module.
32. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that: described main generator be induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator and reluctance generator one of them, or the group that is made up of induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator and reluctance generator forms.
33. the electricity-generating method with Blast Furnace Top Gas Recovery Turbine Unit (TRT) of combined generator as claimed in claim 15, it is characterized in that: described auxiliary generator be induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator and reluctance generator one of them, or the group that is made up of induction generator, synchronous generator, DC generator and reluctance generator forms.
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| CN2006101707725A CN101207313B (en) | 2006-12-22 | 2006-12-22 | Electric generating apparatus with combined generator and power generation method thereof |
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| US7675189B2 (en) * | 2007-07-17 | 2010-03-09 | Baseload Energy, Inc. | Power generation system including multiple motors/generators |
| EP2123906A1 (en) * | 2008-05-21 | 2009-11-25 | Siemens Aktiengesellschaft | Method and apparatus for damping tower oscillation in a wind turbine |
| DK200900420A (en) * | 2009-03-26 | 2010-09-27 | Vestas Wind Sys As | A wind turbine blade comprising a trailing edge flap and a piezoelectric actuator |
| NZ606684A (en) * | 2010-08-04 | 2015-03-27 | Univ Stellenbosch | Split permanent magnet machine |
| CN102278262B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-06-05 | 大连理工大学 | Forward/reverse rotating bilobed wheel horizontal shaft tide power unit |
| DK177553B1 (en) * | 2012-04-16 | 2013-10-07 | Envision Energy Denmark Aps | Wind Turbine with a Primary and a Secondary Generator and Method of Operating such Wind Turbine |
| CN105703391A (en) * | 2014-12-12 | 2016-06-22 | 通用电气公司 | Generator system and related method for operating generation system |
| CN105041575B (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2018-08-07 | 三一重型能源装备有限公司 | A kind of more electric power generation devices and wind power generating set |
| CN105048496B (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2018-09-07 | 三一重型能源装备有限公司 | A kind of grid-connected control method of bi-motor wind power generating set |
| CN105896592B (en) * | 2016-03-15 | 2019-08-27 | 重庆大学 | Wind generator system and wind-power electricity generation test macro based on composite construction induction machine |
| WO2017218931A1 (en) * | 2016-06-17 | 2017-12-21 | General Electric Company | Power generation system and method of operating the same |
| JP6506219B2 (en) * | 2016-07-21 | 2019-04-24 | ファナック株式会社 | Machine learning device, motor control device and machine learning method for learning current command of motor |
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