CN101204925A - Electric motor vehicle driving system - Google Patents
Electric motor vehicle driving system Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101204925A CN101204925A CNA200610167652XA CN200610167652A CN101204925A CN 101204925 A CN101204925 A CN 101204925A CN A200610167652X A CNA200610167652X A CN A200610167652XA CN 200610167652 A CN200610167652 A CN 200610167652A CN 101204925 A CN101204925 A CN 101204925A
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- clutch
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- shaft
- speed gear
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16H—GEARING
- F16H2200/00—Transmissions for multiple ratios
- F16H2200/0021—Transmissions for multiple ratios specially adapted for electric vehicles
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Abstract
The invention provides a driving system for electric vehicles, which comprises a motor (1), a dual-clutch (3), a low-speed gear group (6), a high-speed gear group (7) and a power output shaft (8), among which, power of the motor (1) is selected and transported to the low-speed gear group (6) or high-speed gear group (7) through the dual-clutch (3) and then is output through the power output shaft (8). By adopting the dual-clutch, the driving system can easily realize speed change of two gears of the electric vehicles and has a simple and compact structure. The driving system can allow the electric vehicles to keep power during high speed running and enhance persistence of the electric vehicles.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of drive system of electric motor vehicle.
Background technology
Along with the attention of people to environment and energy problem, electronlmobil obtains international extensive attention as a kind of pollution-free green vehicle.In the developing of automobile industry emphasis has also been listed its development by China.Electronlmobil requires electrical motor electric current when smooth operation less, requires staring torque bigger under the situation of oepration at full load.Require specific power, torque/mass ratio and the efficient of electrical motor all high as much as possible from the capacity of storage battery.For making vehicle performance reach optimum matching, also require motor power (output) must satisfy the dynamic property of car load, satisfy performance requriementss such as maximum speed, climbing, fully loaded acceleration.The problem that torsion descended when there was high-speed operation in the electrical motor of electronlmobil.The present invention is primarily aimed at this problem solution is provided.
Interim June calendar year 2001 the 3rd at " highway and automotive " magazine, name is called in the article of " discussion of drive system of electric automobile design plan " and has disclosed following 4 kinds of electronlmobil transmission schemes.
1 mechanical drive design plan
Except replacing the conventional engines with driving motor and control system, the transmission scheme of electronlmobil and composition are identical with general-utility car, and drive system still is made up of change-speed box, transmission shaft, main reduction gear, diff and semiaxis etc.The electronlmobil at initial stage adopts Mechanical Drive Type, and because of transmission gear is many, this drive system is fit to rotating speed height, little, the simple driving motor of control technology of output torque, to satisfy the operating needs of electronlmobil under different operating modes.The advantage of this scheme is the design cycle weak point, can directly adopts the structure on general-utility car chassis, and cost is low.Shortcoming is that parts are many, the electronlmobil total mass is big, driving efficiency is low, therefore can not satisfy the requirement of electronlmobil unit design and in-use performance, is now replaced by other drive system gradually.
2 dynamo-electric integrated form transmission design plans
This drive system is directly made up by electrical motor and drive system and integrates, and is made up of single reduction gear, diff, semiaxis etc.Single reduction gear can be selected the compound planet gear of 2K-H type double-row type for use, and its transmitting ratio is 8～16.When determining transmitting ratio, between 8～16, select according to scope and the maximum driving force of electronlmobil, the designing requirement of maximum torque of driving motor speed governing bending moment.The compound planet gear retarder is compared with fixed shaft type decelerator, has that size is little, light weight, stability of rotation, compact conformation, shock resistance and vibration ability is strong, the life-span is a long advantage.For obtaining significant lubricant effect, should not adopt lubrication by atomization to the integration member of retarder, diff, and should be chosen in the housing of integration member the fitting machine oil pump and the design plan that oil duct lubricates each parts is set.Owing to there is not transmission shaft, this transmission device compactness is convenient to arrange the parts of other system.Shortcoming is that electromechanics integrates to maintenance and makes troubles, and also makes the automobile pass ability can variation in addition.The little electronlmobil of overall gear ratio should be paid the utmost attention to this design plan.By the difference of integrated pattern, this drive system has two kinds of structures: a kind of is that the driving motor output shaft directly is connected with drive system, driving motor output shaft axis and drive axle axis normal, and hand of rotation need change 90 ° by conical gear; Another kind is that the driving motor output shaft is hollow, there is a semiaxis to be installed in the hollow shaft, the one end is connected with the axle side gear female splines, the other end is connected with the drive wheel wheel hub by bolt or is connected with wheel flutter by constant-velocity universal joint, because driving motor is horizontal, so need not to change the transmission of power direction.The latter is compacter than the former, but requires part strength, rigidity big, processing and assembly precision height.
3 electronic bridge transmission design plans
Two driving motors are installed in drive axle, and diff is installed between output gear.During the electronlmobil straight-line travelling, two driving motors drive the both sides wheel respectively by semiaxis and rotate synchronously, and this moment, diff was inoperative.Diff works when turning, and left and right driving wheel differential rotates, and automobile is turned smoothly.Under the identical situation of driving motor horsepower output, the oad of double motor is more much smaller than monomotor.In addition, electronic axle driving system compact conformation, driving efficiency help the structure design and the layout of car load than dynamo-electric integrated form drive system height.But driving motor rotating speed and torque variation range are required broad, make it to driving motor and control technology requirement height, thereby increased manufacturing cost than dynamo-electric integrated form drive system.Because electrical motor all is integrated in the axle housing, maintenance brings difficulty to electrical motor simultaneously.
4 electric drive wheel transmission design plans
Measure deflection angle by angular transducer when turning to, controlling and driving motor speed and torque after electronic controller calculates, judges make the both sides electric drive wheel with different rotating speed rotations.Driving motor should be selected disc-type electric motor, because it is except thermal diffusivity is good, rotor inertia is little, have the good rapid reaction performance, axial dimension is little, can adapt with the wheel hub shape, need not to occupy the space beyond the wheel hub, makes the compact conformation of electric drive wheel.Adopt the advantage of this design plan: do not have Transmissions such as transmission shaft, diff, semiaxis, make driving efficiency height, light, the available space of vehicular gross combined weight big, be convenient to other system's parts of chassis and arrange and install, help vehicle refitting and modification; Do not have drive axle, the ground Clearance is big, and trafficability is good.But require the operating mode such as starting, acceleration, climbing, heavy duty of driving motor to adapt, make the control technology difficulty big with running conditions of vehicle.Can brush the technical barrier that no magnetic autosynchronous motor, switched reluctance motor (SR) and relative control technologies thereof solve electric drive wheel forever by disc type at present.These driving motors simple in structure, but control technology complexity, the equipment price costliness makes the drive system cost than other type height.
In addition, CN 2661479Y discloses a kind of used for electric vehicle single planetary row two retaining change speed gear boxs, and this change speed gear box utilizes planet row speed change drive technology, has cancelled shift clutch, adopts ecp tape synchronizer self shifter mode, simplifies gear shift operation.This change speed gear box is made up of single planetary row, gearshift synchro and other auxiliary device, the change speed gear box input shaft links to each other with planet row sun wheel, output shaft of gear-box links to each other with planet rows of planetary frame, the affixed tooth cover of gearshift synchro links to each other with planet row's gear ring, the tooth that slips of synchro is enclosed within aerodynamic force effect lower edge axis and horizontally slips, realize slowing down retaining and directly keep off between switching.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of drive system of electric motor vehicle, this driving system structure is simply compact, can make battery-driven car keep power in running at high speed, and strengthens the flying power of battery-driven car.
For addressing the above problem, the invention provides a kind of drive system of electric motor vehicle, this system comprises electrical motor, double-clutch, low speed gear group, high speed gear group and power take-off shaft, wherein, the power of electrical motor is selected to be transported to low speed gear group or high speed gear group by double-clutch, exports by power take-off shaft then.
In the vehicle ' process, handle the mode of operation of double-clutch by clutch operation, can be optionally the power of driving engine be passed to power take-off shaft by low speed gear group or high speed gear group, thereby the two retaining speed changes that realize vehicle are travelled.Therefore, this drive system is not only simple and compact for structure, and can realize two retaining speed changes of battery-driven car easily, can make battery-driven car keep power in running at high speed, and strengthens the flying power of battery-driven car.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of a kind of exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
The specific embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in detail.
According to one embodiment of the present invention, as shown in Figure 1, a kind of drive system of electric motor vehicle is provided, this system comprises electrical motor 1, double-clutch 3, low speed gear group 6, high speed gear group 7 and power take-off shaft 8, wherein, the power of electrical motor 1 selects to be transported to low speed gear group 6 or high speed gear group 7 by double-clutch 3, then by power take-off shaft 8 outputs.
The power of electrical motor 1 can directly input to double-clutch 3 by motor output shaft 2, also can by other transmission device for example reducing gear input to double-clutch 3.
In recent years, cut off the problem that power shifting brings for fundamentally solving AMT, developed a kind of double-clutch automatic gearbox (DCT) in the industry, DCT has not only guaranteed the dynamic property and the economy of vehicle, and has greatly improved the traveling comfort of automobile.
Double-clutch is the development to AMT, the double-clutch technology is to adopt two cover power-transfer clutchs to the control respectively of odevity retaining on the AMT technical foundation, another kept off in engagement before a retaining separated in shift process, thereby had solved the problem of the power interruption between two retaining conversions.DCT both can adopt dry type clutch, also can adopt liquid clutch, but there is bigger difference in both operating characteristic.Dry type clutch can absorb heat greatly by pressing plate and flywheel, and the speed that sliding wear is produced heat is insensitive, but because the air heat radiation is slower, heat is difficult for distributing at short notice, so it is subjected to the total heat quantitative limitation of sliding wear generation.Dry type clutch is suitable for combination at short notice, and the sliding wear time lacks like this, and it is few to produce heat.Liquid clutch oil cooling friction lining, it is subject to the speed that produces heat, but the total heat quantitative limitation that is not produced, so be applicable to the occasion that pressure progressively increases in the power-transfer clutch cohesive process, electrothermal calefactive rate is slower.In design, can select less power-transfer clutch coefficient of reserve for use, and the oil pressure growth rate of control pressurization oil cylinder, friction torque is progressively increased.
Double-clutch is based on parallel-axis type hand-operated transmission development and comes, and it has inherited many advantages such as hand-operated transmission driving efficiency height, installing space compactness, in light weight, low price.And it is the same with AMT, can protect the investment of production equipment of existing hand-operated transmission as far as possible.In addition, DCT has realized power shifting, makes shift process no longer produce power interruption, and this has also absorbed the advantage of AT power shifting quality better.Its some structures also are the elements of drive system in the motor vehicle driven by mixed power project of primary study at present both at home and abroad.But, also do not find the application of double-clutch speed changer on electronlmobil in the prior art.
CN 2587699 Y disclose a kind of double-clutch type automatic gear shifting mechanism, comprise the shifting control system and electric-control system TCU and the five gear change-speed boxs that connect mutually with power-transfer clutch, gearshift synchro, power input shaft is provided with two liquid clutch C1 and C2, each gear driving gear of change-speed box drives with C2 with power-transfer clutch C1 respectively by the odevity gear and is connected, and power-transfer clutch C1 and C2 alternately transmit operation power and switch to realize gear.This mechanism can solve the power interruption problem that present automobile electric control mechanical type automatic speed variator produces effectively in gearshift procedure, to improve the traveling comfort of automotive operation.Above-mentioned disclosed double-clutch can be applied among the present invention.
In addition, double-clutch also is disclosed at many pieces of patent documentations such as CN 1621715 A, CN 1523253 A, and is widely used in the prior art.These all double-clutchs and other suitable double-clutch of the prior art can use as the double-clutch among the present invention 3.The present invention no longer is described in detail the concrete structure of double-clutch.
As a kind of representative type embodiment, double-clutch 3 of the present invention can comprise first clutch 31 and second clutch 32, the power of first clutch 31 is delivered to high speed gear group 7 and power take-off shaft 8 by high speed input shaft 5, and the power of second clutch 32 is delivered to low speed gear group 6 and power take-off shaft 8 by low speed input shaft 4.The state of first clutch 31 and second clutch 32 is controlled by existing clutch control mechanism.That control mechanism can adopt is mechanical, fluid pressure type, electronic control type or the like.
In addition, in drive system of the present invention, low speed input shaft 4 is generally hollow shaft, and 5 of high speed input shafts pass this hollow shaft setting.In addition, as required, can also on power take-off shaft 8, gearshift be set, between the driven gear of low speed gear group 6 and high speed gear group 7.Gearshift right and wrong Changshu to those skilled in the art knows that the present invention no longer describes.
In Fig. 1, low speed gear group 6 and high speed gear group 7 can be respectively be made of the driving gear and the driven gear of the intermeshing different numbers of teeth, with different converter speed ratio transferring power.In Fig. 1, each gear cluster 5 and 6 comprises two gears of the different numbers of teeth or different-diameter, and there is no particular restriction but the present invention is to the quantity of gear, for example, also can use three or more pitch wheels to constitute a gear cluster as required.
Below, the operating process of the drive system of electric motor vehicle of exemplary embodiment of the present invention is simply described.
A: vehicle start
When battery-driven car is started to walk, first clutch 31 in the double-clutch 3 is separated, and second clutch 32 engages, and the power of electrical motor 1 is delivered to low speed gear group 6 by second clutch 32 and low speed input shaft 4, by gearshift 9 power is passed to output shaft 8 outputs again, realize the starting of vehicle.
B: rise up into top gear by bottom gear
When battery-driven car was run at high speed, electrical motor 1 rotating speed accelerated, and outputting torsion descends, and at this moment the efficient step-down needs gearshift.When rising up into the establishment of top gear condition, for example when the speed of a motor vehicle reaches setting value, first clutch 31 is engaged, second clutch 32 separates gradually, the power of electrical motor 1 is delivered to high speed gear group 7 by first clutch 31 and high speed input shaft 5, by gearshift 9 power is passed to output shaft 8 outputs again, realize the top gear running state of vehicle.
C: fall into bottom gear by top gear
When the downshift condition is set up, second clutch 32 is engaged, and first clutch 31 separates gradually, and the power of electrical motor 1 is delivered to low speed gear group 6 by second clutch 32 and low speed input shaft 4, by gearshift 9 power is passed to output shaft 8 outputs again, realize the bottom gear running state of vehicle.
D: fall into neutral by bottom gear
When the downshift condition was set up, TCU control unit control motor rotating speed descended, and gearshift 9 places Neutral Position, output shaft 8 no power takeoffs.
E: reverse gear:
When battery-driven car need be moveed backward, 1 counter-rotating of TCU control unit control motor, first clutch 31 in the double-clutch 3 separates, second clutch 32 engages, the power of electrical motor 1 is delivered to low speed gear group 6 by second clutch 32 and low speed input shaft 4, by gearshift 9 power is passed to output shaft 8 outputs again.
Claims (6)
1. drive system of electric motor vehicle, it is characterized in that, this system comprises electrical motor (1), double-clutch (3), low speed gear group (6), high speed gear group (7) and power take-off shaft (8), wherein, the power of electrical motor (1) selects to be transported to low speed gear group (6) or high speed gear group (7) by double-clutch (3), then by power take-off shaft (8) output.
2. drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 1, wherein, the power of electrical motor (1) inputs to double-clutch (3) by motor output shaft (2).
3. drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 1, wherein, double-clutch (3) comprises first clutch (31) and second clutch (32), the power of first clutch (31) is delivered to high speed gear group (7) and power take-off shaft (8) by high speed input shaft (5), and the power of second clutch (32) is delivered to low speed gear group (5) and power take-off shaft (8) by low speed input shaft (4).
4. drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 3, wherein, the state of first clutch (31) and second clutch (32) is controlled by clutch control mechanism.
5. drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 1, wherein, low speed input shaft (4) is a hollow shaft, high speed input shaft (5) passes this hollow shaft setting.
6. drive system of electric motor vehicle according to claim 1 wherein, has gearshift at power take-off shaft (8), is positioned between the driven gear of low speed gear group (6) and high speed gear group (7).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200610167652XA CN101204925A (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2006-12-19 | Electric motor vehicle driving system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200610167652XA CN101204925A (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2006-12-19 | Electric motor vehicle driving system |
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| CN101204925A true CN101204925A (en) | 2008-06-25 |
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| CNA200610167652XA Pending CN101204925A (en) | 2006-12-19 | 2006-12-19 | Electric motor vehicle driving system |
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Cited By (16)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| EP2333374A1 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2011-06-15 | NTN Corporation | Electric motor driving device |
| CN102392883A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-03-28 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Two-gear electric control mechanical type automatic gearbox used for electric automobile |
| CN102874092A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-01-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Extended range electromobile power system using dual-clutch two-speed transmission |
| CN102874107A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-01-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Extended range electromobile power system using dual-clutch transmission gear |
| WO2013097784A1 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-04 | Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company Limited | Driving system and electric vehicle comprising the same |
| CN103206505A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-07-17 | 陈奇 | 5AT (automatic transmission) drive system suitable for small and medium-sized automobiles |
| CN105782362A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-07-20 | 王智 | Automatic transmission with two-gear dual clutches concentrically arranged on output shaft |
| CN105835694A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-08-10 | 重庆隆旺机电有限责任公司 | Double-clutch rear axle assembly |
| CN106240570A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-21 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | Two grades of speed change systems, method and the electric automobile of a kind of electric automobile |
| CN106696675A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-24 | 重庆蓝黛动力传动机械股份有限公司 | Speed change assembly of hybrid power vehicle |
| CN107389361A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 合肥中导机器人科技有限公司 | Drive mechanism and target detection dolly |
| CN107867162A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-04-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power-driven system and vehicle for vehicle |
| CN109990054A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Speed changer, power-driven system and vehicle |
| CN111853177A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆宗申集研机电科技有限公司 | Automatic gear shifting speed change system |
| CN112622609A (en) * | 2019-10-07 | 2021-04-09 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | Axle assembly with multi-speed countershaft transmission |
| CN113685512A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-23 | 山东福尔沃农业装备股份有限公司 | Gearbox assembly with section power gear shifting function for tractor |
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2006
- 2006-12-19 CN CNA200610167652XA patent/CN101204925A/en active Pending
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| CN102171486B (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2014-06-11 | Ntn株式会社 | Electric motor driving device |
| CN102171486A (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2011-08-31 | Ntn株式会社 | Electric motor driving device |
| EP2333374A4 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2012-02-22 | Ntn Toyo Bearing Co Ltd | Electric motor driving device |
| US8441161B2 (en) | 2008-10-06 | 2013-05-14 | Ntn Corporation | Electric motor drive device |
| EP2333374A1 (en) * | 2008-10-06 | 2011-06-15 | NTN Corporation | Electric motor driving device |
| CN102392883A (en) * | 2011-11-03 | 2012-03-28 | 上海中科深江电动车辆有限公司 | Two-gear electric control mechanical type automatic gearbox used for electric automobile |
| WO2013097784A1 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2013-07-04 | Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company Limited | Driving system and electric vehicle comprising the same |
| US9303697B2 (en) | 2011-12-30 | 2016-04-05 | Shenzhen Byd Auto R&D Company | Driving system and electric vehicle comprising the same |
| EP2797766A4 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2015-07-29 | Shenzhen Byd Auto R & D Co Ltd | Driving system and electric vehicle comprising the same |
| KR101564184B1 (en) * | 2011-12-30 | 2015-10-28 | 쉔젠 비와이디 오토 알앤디 컴퍼니 리미티드 | Driving system and electric vehicle comprising the same |
| CN102874092A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-01-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Extended range electromobile power system using dual-clutch two-speed transmission |
| CN102874107A (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2013-01-16 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | Extended range electromobile power system using dual-clutch transmission gear |
| CN102874092B (en) * | 2012-09-18 | 2016-01-20 | 中国第一汽车股份有限公司 | A kind of range extended electric vehicle power system adopting two clutch two-speed transmission |
| CN103206505B (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2016-07-06 | 合肥工业大学 | A kind of 5AT automatic transmission drive train suitable in small and medium-sized car is united |
| CN103206505A (en) * | 2013-04-16 | 2013-07-17 | 陈奇 | 5AT (automatic transmission) drive system suitable for small and medium-sized automobiles |
| CN105835694A (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2016-08-10 | 重庆隆旺机电有限责任公司 | Double-clutch rear axle assembly |
| CN105835694B (en) * | 2014-12-18 | 2018-10-19 | 重庆隆旺机电有限责任公司 | Double clutch rear axle assys |
| CN105782362A (en) * | 2016-05-11 | 2016-07-20 | 王智 | Automatic transmission with two-gear dual clutches concentrically arranged on output shaft |
| CN106240570A (en) * | 2016-08-26 | 2016-12-21 | 北京长城华冠汽车科技股份有限公司 | Two grades of speed change systems, method and the electric automobile of a kind of electric automobile |
| CN107867162A (en) * | 2016-09-28 | 2018-04-03 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Power-driven system and vehicle for vehicle |
| CN106696675A (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2017-05-24 | 重庆蓝黛动力传动机械股份有限公司 | Speed change assembly of hybrid power vehicle |
| CN106696675B (en) * | 2017-01-23 | 2023-02-17 | 蓝黛科技集团股份有限公司 | Hybrid vehicle speed change assembly |
| CN107389361A (en) * | 2017-08-24 | 2017-11-24 | 合肥中导机器人科技有限公司 | Drive mechanism and target detection dolly |
| CN109990054A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2019-07-09 | 比亚迪股份有限公司 | Speed changer, power-driven system and vehicle |
| CN112622609A (en) * | 2019-10-07 | 2021-04-09 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | Axle assembly with multi-speed countershaft transmission |
| CN112622609B (en) * | 2019-10-07 | 2024-03-29 | 阿文美驰技术有限责任公司 | Axle assembly having a multi-speed countershaft transmission |
| CN111853177A (en) * | 2020-07-30 | 2020-10-30 | 重庆宗申集研机电科技有限公司 | Automatic gear shifting speed change system |
| CN113685512A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-11-23 | 山东福尔沃农业装备股份有限公司 | Gearbox assembly with section power gear shifting function for tractor |
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