CN101199266A - Method of determining forest horizontal distribution pattern - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for judging the horizontal distribution pattern of trees, firstly, a plurality of reference trees are selected in the tree distribution zone, then the range of included angles between each reference tree and a plurality of nearest neighboring trees is estimated for analyzing the distribution evenness of the plurality of neighboring trees surrounding each reference tree to the reference tree; therefore, the horizontal distribution pattern of the whole trees can be analyzed based on the estimation and analysis. The judgment method of the tree horizontal distribution pattern is simple, easy and convenient in operation, and can analyze and judge the tree horizontal distribution pattern accurately and objectively without the accurate distance measuring, especially the analytical judge of horizontal distribution pattern of large areas of woodlands.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of method of judging forest horizontal distribution pattern.
Background technology
Forest horizontal distribution pattern is meant configuration or the distribution situation of forest individuality at horizontal space.Distribution Pattern is one of quantum feature of population, also is one of essential characteristic of population space structure of living in.
Each arbor population in the forest community is the ultimate constituent of the group and the ecosystem, with its distinctive ecology and morphology attribute and envirment factor interaction, become basic structure and functional unit and connection group and individual tie in the forest ecosystem.
And Tree Distribution is in population biology characteristic, the kind and the result of the comprehensive function of interspecies relation and environmental condition, the species diversity of following forest ecosystem, the g and D of forest etc. are produced decisive influence, relation is also arranged with the ecologic stability of forest ecosystem.Therefore, the forest horizontal distribution pattern type of research forest community and dynamic, by analyzing the horizontal structure of spatial relationship, quantitative description population and group between the forest, provide the dynamic change of population and group, can provide basic theory for forest community succession trend, group's spatial behavior adjustment, the sustainable operation of forest ecosystem.The research of Tree Distribution also provides reliable basis for bio-diversity conservation, forest sustainable management evaluation etc.
Basic Tree Distribution distribution pattern has three kinds: random distribution, rule (evenly) distribute and gather (bulk) and distribute.
The distribution that random distribution (random distribution) is meant the population individuality is not contact each other, and the appearance of each individuality all has equal chance, with other individualities whether exist irrelevant, the position of forest with the continuous homogeneous probability distribution on the forest land.For any two nonoverlapping sample ground, the forest quantity on it is a variate and separate.That is to say that forest and itself residing position do not make a difference mutually.Just be able to the yardstick of estimating any Tree Distribution as one just because of this neutrality random distribution.
Regular distribution (regular distribution), be called low normal distribution (hypodispersionunderdistribution) or negative cluster distribution (negative contagious distribution) again, be meant that the distribution of forest in horizontal space is uniformly and equidistantly, forest is evenly distributed on the forest land with maximum as far as possible distance its nearest neighbor wood in other words, and is mutually exclusive between the forest.Unit near average strain tree in all sampling units is maximum, and the very big or minimum situation of density all seldom.
Cluster distribution (contagious distribution), be called bulk again and distribute (clumped distribution), assemble distribution (aggregated distribution) or hypernormal distribution (hyperdistributionoverdispersion): compare the scope that forest has higher relatively super averag density to occupy with random distribution.That is to say between the forest and attract each other.
At present, the research method of forest horizontal distribution pattern is divided into two classes---quadrat method and Furthest Neighbor.Quadrat method is the investigation method that investigation sample ground is divided into subquadrat and counts individual number in each subquadrat; Furthest Neighbor is the investigation method that measurement arbitrfary point or trees arrive its nearest neighbor wood distance.
Quadrat method is sampled to the basis with sample prescription, must a given spatial dimension owing to calculate the individual frequency that occurs, and therefore test is all carried out in sample prescription.The shortcoming of this method is that the isolated spatial framework with discrete sample prescription is the research basis, the result of check depends on sample prescription size and sample content, general layout to the large tracts of land continuous distribution lacks representativeness, and analysis-by-synthesis can be brought bigger subjectivity into, influences the accuracy that general layout is judged.
Furthest Neighbor is meant that the throughput measuring point carries out measuring of spatial framework to the distance between individual or the individuality.Be suitable for studying the bio distribution general layout that occurring in nature occupies continuous living space.The advantage of Furthest Neighbor is to have eliminated the influence of sample prescription size to testing result, and shortcoming is the dependence that has increased stand density, needs time-consuming consumption power ground to carry out accurate in locating and range finding during field investigation, has increased investigation difficulty and cost.Data are handled to need to use and are carried out data operation than complicated mathematical model in addition, can not use the forest horizontal distribution pattern analysis result immediately in the large tracts of land woods and instruct forest management.
Generally speaking, traditional forest horizontal distribution pattern analysis result is a numerical value or a figure normally, mostly be state and type in order to qualitative explanation spatial framework, there is not the distribution of single value with clear and definite connotation, interpretation and operability are not strong, can't be directly and immediately utilize the analysis result of Distribution Pattern to carry out the adjustment of general layout, or instruct the adjustment of standing forest space structure by general layout investigation.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of convenience, accurately, objectively judge the method for forest horizontal distribution pattern.
The objective of the invention is to be achieved through the following technical solutions:
The method of judgement forest horizontal distribution pattern of the present invention comprises step:
A, in the forest distributed areas, select many strains with reference to tree, and analyze respectively every strain with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree around this uniformity that distributes with reference to tree;
B, according to many strains with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree around this with reference to the uniformity that tree distributes, analyze the horizontal distribution general layout of whole forest.
In the described steps A, analyze every strain with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree during around this uniformity that distributes with reference to tree,
Judge that at first every strain is with reference to the adjacent wood of adjacent two strains in the adjacent wood of many strains of tree and this scope with reference to the corner dimension of tree formation;
Then according to the distribution situation of the scope of a plurality of corner dimensions, analyze every strain with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree around this uniformity that distributes with reference to tree.
The adjacent wood of described many strains is apart from the nearest adjacent wood of 4～8 strains of reference tree.
The adjacent wood of described many strains is apart from the nearest adjacent wood of 4 strains of reference tree.
Described many strains are all trees in the forest distributed areas with reference to tree.At this moment, described many strains are with reference to setting more than or equal to 200.
Described many strains are the part trees in the forest distributed areas with reference to tree, and described many strains are spaced apart in the forest distributed areas with reference to tree.At this moment, described many strains are with reference to setting more than or equal to 50.
As seen from the above technical solution provided by the invention, the method of judgement forest horizontal distribution pattern of the present invention, owing to center on this with reference to the uniformity that tree distributes according to many strains with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree, analyze the horizontal distribution general layout of whole forest.Both can accurately, objectively analyze and judge the horizontal distribution general layout of forest, simple again, easy row, convenient.
Owing to, do not need complicated range finding, be specially adapted to the analysis and judgement of the horizontal distribution general layout of large stretch of forest again by judging the angle analysis forest horizontal distribution pattern.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 a is with reference to the absolute evenly distribution schematic diagram of tree with the adjacent wood of its 3 strain;
Fig. 1 b is with reference to the absolute evenly distribution schematic diagram of tree with the adjacent wood of its 4 strain;
Fig. 2 is the angle schematic diagram that constitutes with reference to the adjacent wood with its 4 strain of tree;
Fig. 3 a is the construction unit schematic diagram that constitutes with reference to the adjacent wood with its 1 strain of tree;
Fig. 3 b is the construction unit schematic diagram one that constitutes with reference to the adjacent wood with its 2 strain of tree;
Fig. 3 c is the construction unit schematic diagram two that constitutes with reference to the adjacent wood with its 2 strain of tree;
Fig. 4 a is a regular hexagon regular distribution schematic diagram between forest;
Fig. 4 b is a square regular distribution schematic diagram between forest;
Fig. 5 is a standard angle optimization solution schematic diagram;
Fig. 6 a is 60 ° of equally distributed schematic diagrames of the adjacent wood of 4 strains that standard angle is represented;
Fig. 6 b is 72 ° of equally distributed schematic diagrames of the adjacent wood of 4 strains that standard angle is represented;
Fig. 6 c is 90 ° of equally distributed schematic diagrames of the adjacent wood of 4 strains that standard angle is represented;
Fig. 7 a is angle with reference to the adjacent wood formation with its 4 strain of the tree distribution schematic diagram during more than or equal to standard angle;
Fig. 7 b is for there being 1 distribution schematic diagram during less than standard angle in the angle with reference to the adjacent wood formation with its 4 strain of tree;
Fig. 7 c is for there being 2 distribution schematic diagrams during less than standard angle in the angle with reference to the adjacent wood formation with its 4 strain of tree;
Fig. 7 d is for there being 3 distribution schematic diagrams during less than standard angle in the angle with reference to the adjacent wood formation with its 4 strain of tree;
Fig. 7 e is for there being 4 distribution schematic diagrams during less than standard angle in the angle with reference to the adjacent wood formation with its 4 strain of tree;
Fig. 8 a is the even Distribution Pattern schematic diagram of forest;
Fig. 8 b is a forest random distribution general layout schematic diagram;
Fig. 8 c is a forest bulk Distribution Pattern schematic diagram;
Fig. 9 a is a forest when evenly distributing, the histogram that the uniform angle of Dan Mu occurs;
When Fig. 9 b is the forest random distribution, the histogram that the uniform angle of Dan Mu occurs;
When Fig. 9 c distributes for the forest bulk, the histogram that the uniform angle of Dan Mu occurs.
Embodiment
The present invention judges the method for forest horizontal distribution pattern, and its preferable embodiment comprises,
In the above-mentioned step 1, analyze every strain with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree during around this uniformity that distributes with reference to tree,
Judge that at first every strain is with reference to the adjacent wood of adjacent two strains in the adjacent wood of many strains of tree and this scope with reference to the corner dimension of tree formation;
According to the distribution situation of a plurality of corner dimensions, analyze every strain and center on the uniformity that this distributes with reference to tree then with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree.
When selecting with reference to the adjacent wood of the many strains around the tree, preferably selecting apart from reference to the nearest adjacent wood of 4～8 strains of tree, can be 4,5,6,7,8 strains etc., preferably 4 strains.
The present invention is by judging the scope of the corner dimension that adjacent wood and reference tree constitute, analyze with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree around this uniformity that distributes with reference to tree, and according to many strains with reference to the adjacent wood around the tree around this with reference to the uniformity that tree distributes, analyze the horizontal distribution general layout of forest in the whole forest distributed areas.
This method is called as the uniform angle method, promptly is meant by analyzing its scope and distribution thereof of wooden corner dimension that can constitute of list on every side of each Dan Muyu to describe the adjacent wooden uniformity that i is set in reference that centers on, and and then analysis Tree Distribution.Below this method is described in detail.
Shown in Fig. 1 a, Fig. 1 b, can constitute one group of position distribution angle with reference to tree i and its n strain nearest neighbor wood, its position distribution angle should be 360 °/n when definitely evenly distributing, and this expected value is defined as standard angle.
As shown in Figure 2, from reference to tree, the angle of any two nearest neighbor wood has two, makes that little angle is α, and the big angle is β, and obviously, alpha+beta=360 ° are α with reference to tree with the less angle that its nearest neighbor wood 1 and 2,1 and 4,2 and 3,3 and 4 constitutes
12, α
14, α
23, α
34
Uniform angle (Wi) is defined as n strain nearest neighbor wood and sets in all α angles that constitute less than standard angle α with reference
0Ratio.Represent with following formula:
Wherein,
Wi value by complete all Dan Mu of standing forest can calculate the distribution of Wi value, and every kind of frequency that value may occur in standing forest just, and the eigen value that distributes is average (W), and both can reflect the Distribution Pattern of standing forest integral body.The computing formula of average (W) is:
The basis that makes up the uniform angle parameter is the size that n and standard angle are counted in adjacent wooden strain.N=4 as can be known after deliberation, standard angle α
0=72 ° is reasonable value.
The size that n is counted in adjacent wooden strain has determined the size of space structure unit.The space structure unit is meant space structure unit the most basic in the standing forest, is made of per 1 strain tree (with reference to tree) in the standing forest and its n strain nearest neighbor wood.The uniform angle parameter of describing forest horizontal distribution pattern is to make up on the basis of space structure unit.
Shown in Fig. 3 a, Fig. 3 b, Fig. 3 c, if select a strain nearest neighbor wood around with reference to tree, promptly n=1 constitutes 1 construction unit by 2 strains tree, and in fact two points can not constitute face, and 2 strains tree is difficult to constitute the space and also can't constitutes angle, can't calculate uniform angle; During n=2, have only the angle of two complementations, the orientation that occupies very little, the construction unit that 3 strains in other words trees constitutes can only be contained the trees spatial relationship with reference to one to two orientation around the tree at most, the situation in other orientation is unknown.The spatial information that the construction unit that is made of 2 strains or 3 strains tree provides is incomplete, information content very imperfect (Fig. 3).During n=3, its distribution pattern of construction unit that is made of 4 strains tree has 4 kinds: very even, even, inhomogeneous and very inhomogeneous, lack the middle transition state of describing random distribution, so information content also is not enough.And the orientation that 3 strains tree can occupy also is difficult to contain with reference to around the tree comprehensively, forms the inclined to one side estimation of having of general layout easily.
From people's the perception and the custom of judgement direction, when investigating space structure in the open air, can consider at most with reference to 4 orientation around the tree: the trees distribution situation in east, south, west, north, and more than 4 orientation, intuitive judgment is got up with regard to certain difficulty.During on-site inspection in the open air, 4 orientation have been enough to summarize the relative bearing relation of a strain with reference to adjacent wood around setting with it, 4 strain nearest neighbor wood can occupy four orientation, and 4 strain nearest neighbors wood have 5 kinds with the structural relation that constitutes with reference to tree: very even, evenly, at random, inhomogeneous, very inhomogeneous, biological significance is fairly obvious, has therefore just constituted proper standing forest space structure unit with reference to tree and its 4 strain nearest neighbor wood.N=4 is the adjacent wooden strain number that suits.
When proposing the uniform angle notion, consider that occurring in nature does not almost just in time equal absolute angle of distribution uniformly, so the size of standard angle directly is defined as α
0=360 °/n (1 ± 0.1).According to the definition of uniform angle, if standard angle is excessive, α＜α
0Probability just big, the possibility that is mistaken for uneven distribution that evenly distributes increases; Otherwise, α＞α
0Probability just big, Distribution Pattern easily is mistaken for even distribution.As seen, standard angle is a key factor that influences the uniform angle service precision.Its value size certainly exists the selection course of an optimization.
For the 4 strain nearest neighbors wood with reference to tree i, its position distribution angle is 90 ° when definitely evenly distributing, but under the nature, definitely evenly may reach hardly.
Shown in Fig. 4 a, Fig. 4 b, in theory, it is that regular hexagon distributes and square profile that there are two kinds of distributions with maximum systematicness in occurring in nature, and the angle of adjacent wood was respectively 60 ° and 90 ° during these two kinds of maximums evenly distributed.The possible span of standard angle is in view of the above: 60 °≤α
0≤ 90 °.
If adopt 60 °, be easy to one-sided distribution erroneous judgement is evenly distribution that therefore, 60 ° less than normal as standard angle.It is uncommon that forest is distributed as absolute square situation, and the description standard angle should be less than 90 °.
Therefore, shown in Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b, Fig. 6 c, standard angle is inevitable between 60 ° and 90 °, may be both intermediate values.Both intermediate values have three kinds: arithmetic mean of instantaneous value (x=75 °), geometrical mean (x
G=73.5 °), coordinate mean value (x
H=72 °).Wherein, coordinate mean value x
HComputing formula be:
Hence one can see that x
H≤ x
G≤ x is by the definition (α＜α of uniform angle
0) as can be known, when selecting to coordinate mean value (x
H=72 °) during as standard angle, other two kinds of averages also belong to uniform category, broad covered area, thus 72 ° be the appropriate value of standard angle.
In addition, as shown in Figure 5, the α between 60 ° and 90 °
0The angle establishes an equation under should satisfying when error band all is x:
α
0≥60°·(1+x)(3)
α
0≤90°·(1-x)(4)
Work as x=0.2, corresponding α
0=72 °, the also reasonability of provable this angle.
Standard angle also should be can circumference in equal parts even angle.72 ° just in time is the adjacent wood clamp angle of circumference 5 timesharing such as grade, also is suitable standard angle from 72 ° of this point.
By Fig. 6 a, Fig. 6 b, Fig. 6 c as seen, the equally distributed degree that optimum standard angle is represented is if be worse than absolute evenly distribution, but its uniformity is not lost in more one-sided distribution again, and perhaps this is exactly natural ambiguity place.
Shown in Fig. 7 a, Fig. 7 b, Fig. 7 c, Fig. 7 d, Fig. 7 e, the uniform angle Wi value of Gou Jianing has 5 kinds on the basis of the above, and the Distribution Pattern of from 0 to 1 expression 4 strain nearest neighbor wood around the reference tree is by even to the distribution of assembling especially.
| W i=0: all α angles are all more than or equal to α 0(very even); W i=0.25:1 α angle is less than α 0(evenly); W i=0.5:2 α angle is less than α 0(at random); W i=0.75:3 α angle is less than α 0(inhomogeneous); W i=1: all α angles are less than α 0, (very inhomogeneous). |
Shown in Fig. 8 a, Fig. 8 b, Fig. 8 c, Fig. 9 a, Fig. 9 b, Fig. 9 c, in the whole forest distributed areas, each is the frequency and the uniform angle mean value (W) of every kind of Wi value appearance of wood singly, can reflect the Distribution Pattern of standing forest integral body.When the Distribution Pattern of forest from evenly at random, again to bulk changes in distribution (Fig. 9), uniform angle distribute then by asymmetric to symmetrical, again to asymmetric.Typical evenly distribution standing forest, uniform angle distribute the frequency in 0.5 value left side apparently higher than the right side, even concentrate on 0 value; The frequency that the uniform angle of random distribution standing forest is distributed in 0.5 value both sides is symmetrical distribution substantially; The frequency on 0.5 value right side was then apparently higher than the left side during bulk distributed.
When the Distribution Pattern of forest from evenly at random again when bulk distributes, W is ascending.Hence one can see that, can utilize W to judge the Distribution Pattern of forest.Distribution Pattern is from the progressive formation that is evenly distributed to the bulk distribution, and random distribution is in the middle of both, as long as defined the W span of random distribution, the W span of other two kinds of distributions also just comes into plain view.
Studies have shown that, the strain number less than 200 strains or area less than 2500m
2Sample ground can't effectively represent the Distribution Pattern of standing forest, therefore for the scope of the W that determines random distribution, respectively 50 * 50,60 * 60,70 * 70,80 * 80,90 * 90 and 100 * 100m
2Sample ground in, the strain number increases progressively 50 strains till the strain number reaches 1000 strains since 200 strains at every turn, produce the Tree Distribution of 1000 random distribution (when calculating the Wi value in simulation under every kind of strain number of every kind of area, in order to eliminate the systematic influence that is in sample destination edge tree, buffering area is set, and the forest that will be in buffering area is only calculated as potential nearest neighbor wood).The degree of reliability according to 99%, and introduce the Korf mathematical model, determine to calculate the formula of random distribution W critical value.
The upper limit:
(fitting precision: MSE=0.00021, R
2=0.96, n=102)
Lower limit:
(fitting precision: MSE=0.00025, R
2=0.91, n=102)
Wherein: x is investigation strain number, and y is the critical value of the random distribution W under this strain number, and MSE is a residual sum of squares (RSS), R
2Be correlation index, n is a sample number.
The W value is that bulk distributes more than or equal to the standing forest of the formula upper limit, and W is less than or equal to the standing forest of formula lower limit for evenly distributing.
The uniform angle parameter is by analyzing the horizontal distribution situation of every strain with reference to 4 strain nearest neighbor wood around the tree, to determine the horizontal horizontal distribution general layout of whole forest.According to these characteristics, the investigation of uniform angle can be divided into two kinds, sample investigation and complete investigation.
Sample investigation be in the forest distributed areas with the mechanical. points sample mode, lay the sample point more than 50 or 50, investigation is added up the average angle yardstick on sample ground then from the uniform angle of the nearest 4 strains tree of each sample point.Which kind of Distribution Pattern obtains according to investigation strain number and random distribution W critical value formula that forest distributes is.
Complete investigation is to utilize the uniform angle of declaring whole Dan Mu in the hornwork interpretation standing forest, calculates the average angle yardstick of forest; Or utilize in the total station survey sample ground all positions of Dan Mu, calculate every wooden square degree and forest average angle yardstick.Complete investigation is mainly used in sample area not too big (assurance has 200 strains or the above trees of 200 strains), or needs the standing forest spatial framework of long-term position monitor.
Method of the present invention does not need complicated range finding by judging the angle analysis forest horizontal distribution pattern, can obtain data by means of sample investigation and (adopt line-intercept method promptly only need investigate on the line-transect or apart from the W of the nearest tree of line-transect
iJust can obtain distributed intelligence), therefore investigate simple, workable, cost is low, efficient is high.When utilizing uniform angle to analyze forest horizontal distribution pattern in addition, both can utilize uniform angle average W with real forest horizontal distribution pattern be judged as evenly relatively accurately, at random or bulk distribute, also can utilize single uniform angle W
iThe distribution of value is adjusted the standing forest Distribution Pattern according to operations objective.Not only make the reduction of data survey expense by uniform angle, and make detailed pattern analysis, operation and a reconstruction become possibility.
The above; only for the preferable embodiment of the present invention, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and anyly is familiar with those skilled in the art in the technical scope that the present invention discloses; the variation that can expect easily or replacement all should be encompassed within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (8)
1. a method of judging forest horizontal distribution pattern is characterized in that, comprises step:
A, in the forest distributed areas, select many strains with reference to tree, and analyze respectively every strain with reference to the wood of the many strains nearest neighbor around the tree around this uniformity that distributes with reference to tree;
B, according to many strains with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree around this with reference to the uniformity that tree distributes, analyze the horizontal distribution general layout of whole forest.
2. the method for judgement forest horizontal distribution pattern according to claim 1 is characterized in that, in the described steps A, analyzes every strain with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree during around this uniformity that distributes with reference to tree,
Judge that at first every strain is with reference to the adjacent wood of adjacent two strains in the adjacent wood of many strains of tree and this scope with reference to the corner dimension of tree formation;
Then according to the distribution situation of the scope of a plurality of corner dimensions, analyze every strain with reference to the adjacent wood of many strains around the tree around this uniformity that distributes with reference to tree.
3. the method for judgement forest horizontal distribution pattern according to claim 2 is characterized in that, the adjacent wood of described many strains is apart from the nearest adjacent wood of 4～8 strains of reference tree.
4. the method for judgement forest horizontal distribution pattern according to claim 3 is characterized in that, the adjacent wood of described many strains is apart from the nearest adjacent wood of 4 strains of reference tree.
5. the method for judgement forest horizontal distribution pattern according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described many strains are all trees in the forest distributed areas with reference to tree.
6. the method for judgement forest horizontal distribution pattern according to claim 5 is characterized in that, described many strains are with reference to setting more than or equal to 200.
7. the method for judgement forest horizontal distribution pattern according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described many strains are the part trees in the forest distributed areas with reference to tree, and described many strains are spaced apart in the forest distributed areas with reference to tree.
8. the method for judgement forest horizontal distribution pattern according to claim 7 is characterized in that, described many strains are with reference to setting more than or equal to 50.
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Cited By (7)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102261903A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-11-30 | 北京林业大学 | Method for measuring forest based on electronic theodolite and total station |
| CN103440415A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Forest species group distribution pattern measurement method based on mingling degrees |
| CN103473432A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2013-12-25 | 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所 | Minimum space structure unit-based forest stand space structure self-similarity visual simulation method |
| CN103583309A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-19 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for determining intermediate cutting intensity of natural secondary forest |
| CN103440415B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2016-11-30 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Tree population Distribution Pattern based on Mixed modes Measurement Method |
| CN107590540A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-01-16 | 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所 | A kind of forest hat width evaluation method dependent on neighboring trees feature |
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2006
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102261903A (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2011-11-30 | 北京林业大学 | Method for measuring forest based on electronic theodolite and total station |
| CN102261903B (en) * | 2011-06-14 | 2015-02-04 | 北京林业大学 | Method for measuring forest based on electronic theodolite and total station |
| CN103440415A (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2013-12-11 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Forest species group distribution pattern measurement method based on mingling degrees |
| CN103440415B (en) * | 2013-08-23 | 2016-11-30 | 中国林业科学研究院林业研究所 | Tree population Distribution Pattern based on Mixed modes Measurement Method |
| CN103473432A (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2013-12-25 | 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所 | Minimum space structure unit-based forest stand space structure self-similarity visual simulation method |
| CN103473432B (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2016-08-17 | 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所 | A kind of forest stand spatial structure self similarity visual simulation method based on minimum space construction unit |
| CN103583309A (en) * | 2013-11-12 | 2014-02-19 | 中南林业科技大学 | Method for determining intermediate cutting intensity of natural secondary forest |
| CN107590540A (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2018-01-16 | 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所 | A kind of forest hat width evaluation method dependent on neighboring trees feature |
| CN107590540B (en) * | 2017-09-18 | 2020-09-15 | 中国林业科学研究院资源信息研究所 | Forest crown width estimation method depending on adjacent tree features |
| CN110163452A (en) * | 2019-06-06 | 2019-08-23 | 中南林业科技大学 | Forest stand spatial structure optimization method based on annular distribution index |
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