CN101198064A - Movement vector prediction method in resolution demixing technology - Google Patents
Movement vector prediction method in resolution demixing technology Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a motion vector forecasting method in a resolution quantizing structure, wherein, forecasting motion vectors of macro blocks in enhancement layers are acquired by utilization of relativity of motion vectors of a time domain, a space domain and an interlayer domain. The realization process is that: on the time domain, candidate motion vectors of the time domain are acquired from motion vectors of macro blocks with the same position with the prior frame; on the space domain, candidate motion vectors of the space domain are acquired from motion vectors of adjacent blocks; on the interlayer domain, candidate motion vectors of the interlayer domain are acquired from corresponding motion vectors with low space domain resolution hierarchy; candidate motion vectors with minimum motion estimation cost are selected to be forecasting motion vectors by selection among the candidate motion vectors of the time domain, the space domain and the interlayer domain. The invention has the advantages of capability of acquiring more accurate forecasting motion vectors, capability of compressing code rate of motion vectors, and obtaining of performance gain.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the scalable video field, particularly relate to the method for motion vector prediction in the spatial resolution layering.
Background technology
Along with network infrastructure, the fast development of memory capacity and computing capability, technology of video compressing encoding is also carrying out developing rapidly vigorously.Current, video coding technique has covered Multimedia Message, visual telephone, video conference, wireless and Internet video flowing, a plurality of applications such as SD or HDTV (High-Definition Television) broadcasting and DVD storage.In these were used, various video transmissions and storage system may be disposed.Because the isomerism and the complexity of modern video transmission system, and the diversity of video terminal demand, traditional encoding and decoding technique are had too many difficulties to cope with expressively, the scalable coding technology is one of preferred plan that satisfies the modern video transmission demand.Traditional encoding and decoding technique is only paid attention to the balance of video compression efficiency and code efficiency, has lacked the flexibility at applied environment.And the scalable coding technology satisfies the different application demand from frame per second, resolution, can adjusting flexibly of picture quality in fraction distortion optimum as possible, has strengthened the changeable network transmission system of isomery and the applicability of diversified terminal requirements.Therefore, the scalable coding technology generally is divided into flexible time domain, the spatial domain is scalable and quality scalable and three flexible combinations.
The telescopic notion in spatial domain appeared at respectively MPEG-2, H.263 with standard such as MPEG4 in, its basic thought is that code stream is divided into a basic layer and a plurality of enhancement layer, the data that enhancement layer relies on basic layer or hangs down enhancement layer are decoded.The vision signal of low resolution is coded in the basic layer, the vision signal of high-resolution is coded in first enhancement layer, more high-resolution vision signal is coded in second enhancement layer, the rest may be inferred, form a resolution inverted pyramid, and these videos frequency signals are comprised in all in the telescopic code stream in spatial domain.Also continued to use the scalable method in traditional spatial domain in the up-to-date H.264 extension standards scalable video (SVC), and in order to improve coding efficiency, three kinds of inter-layer prediction algorithms have been used: interlayer infra-frame prediction, prediction of interlayer movable information and inter-layer residue prediction.
The purpose of prediction algorithm is to utilize the information of basic layer to improve the compression efficiency and the code efficiency of enhancement layer as far as possible between design level.SVC is divided into two classes with inter-layer prediction method, and a class is called many circulant solutions code method, and the reconstructed frame up-sampling of the basic layer of this method utilization is predicted the frame information of enhancement layer, for example: the interlayer infra-frame prediction.In high moving scene, weaken with layer relativity of time domain, this algorithm can obtain bigger gain.An other class is called the single-loop decoding method, and this method directly utilizes the coded message of basic layer that enhancement layer is predicted, has avoided reconstruct and up-sampling step, has reduced decoding complex degree and time delay.Prediction of interlayer movable information and inter-layer residue prediction just are to use the notion of single-loop decoding.
Simply introduce three kinds of inter-layer prediction algorithms so that understand current techniques: the prediction of (1) interlayer movable information.SVC has increased a kind of macro-block coding pattern BlSkip at space domain enhancement layer.When selecting this pattern for use, macro block data only passes residual error and does not phoresy moving information.If basic layer corresponding blocks used intra-frame encoding mode, then enhancement layer uses the interlayer intraframe coding.If basic layer corresponding blocks used interframe encoding mode, then enhancement layer uses interlayer movable information prediction algorithm.The prediction of interlayer movable information directly utilizes the movable information of motion vector, prediction direction, piece partition mode and the reference key prediction enhancement layer of basic layer, thereby has saved the code check of transmitting sports information; (2) interlayer infra-frame prediction.As mentioned above, be intraframe coding when enhancement layer macro block uses BlSkip pattern and basic layer corresponding blocks, then SVC obtains the enhancement layer macro block prediction signal by the interlayer intra-frame prediction method.The reconstruction signal of the basic layer of this algorithm up-sampling corresponding blocks, and as the prediction of enhancement layer original signal.The gain of this algorithm mainly from the accuracy of the texture information of basic layer up-sampling signal, has reduced residual error data.(3) inter-layer residue prediction.The inter-layer residue prediction of SVC is applied to any macro block of cutting apart pattern, and no matter whether use the BlSkip pattern.After the inter-layer residue prediction flag bit was opened, the residual signals of the corresponding 8*8 piece of basic layer was by a bidirectional filter up-sampling, as the prediction of enhancement layer macro block residual signals, thereby reduced the code check of residual error.Obviously, the up-sampling signal and the enhancement layer residual signal of basic layer residual error are approaching more, and the gain of this method is just big more.
Because the correlation of the movable information between adjacent two layers, el motion information can be predicted by basic layer movable information.In interlayer movable information prediction algorithm, during the encoding enhancement layer macro block, if this macro block is selected the BLSkip pattern for use, then use the motion vector of basic layer correspondence position piece to multiply by 2 motion vectors as enhancement layer, continue to use movable informations such as basic layer reference key and prediction direction simultaneously.But we find that in emulation experiment the motion vector accuracy that basic layer obtains is most important to code efficiency.If the motion vector of prediction is more approaching with the optimal motion vector ratio of full search, pass through part motion search among a small circle again, just might obtain a reasonable gain; On the contrary, if the motion vector and the optimal motion vector of prediction greatly differ from each other, the then local result of motion search among a small circle may be a local optimum also, the gain that can not get.In addition,, then utilize it to predict that the motion vector error of enhancement layer is also bigger, cause " drift " of interlayer motion vector error if the error of motion vector of basic layer own is bigger.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the accuracy of above-mentioned interlayer motion-vector prediction and " drift " problem of error, and the method for motion vector prediction in a kind of resolution demixing technology is provided.
Technical scheme of the present invention is to utilize the correlation of time domain, spatial domain and interlamination region motion vector, obtains the motion vectors of macro block in the enhancement layer, and implementation procedure is,
Motion vector by former frame same position macro block on the time domain obtains the time domain candidate motion vector, motion vector by adjacent block on the spatial domain obtains the spatial domain candidate motion vector, obtain the interlamination region candidate motion vector by the low spatial domain inferior corresponding sports vector of layers of resolution on the interlamination region, time domain candidate motion vector, spatial domain candidate motion vector and interlamination region candidate motion vector are selected, with the motion vectors of electing as of estimation cost minimum wherein.
And the obtain manner of described spatial domain candidate motion vector is that the motion vector of three adjacent blocks is got intermediate value, and three adjacent blocks are in last, left, the last left side, right or up of this macro block respectively.
And the obtain manner of described interlamination region candidate motion vector obtains for the motion vector of low spatial domain layers of resolution time correspondence position piece stretches, and flexible ratio is the spatial resolution ratio between two-layer.
The present invention also provides the method for video coding of using this method of motion vector prediction, high-resolution vision signal is obtained in collection, the high definition video signal down-sampling is become low resolution video signal, vision signal Time Domain Decomposition alignment with two kinds of resolution, form enhancement layer and basic layer, be combined into the output of one road code stream after the information processing to enhancement layer and basic floor;
Wherein the texture information processing method of enhancement layer and basic layer is, behind texture prediction in the frame, carries out conversion and entropy coding, and texture prediction is realized by the reconstruct up-sampling of basic layer in the frame of enhancement layer;
Wherein the movable information processing method of enhancement layer and basic layer is, basic layer uses full searching moving to estimate to obtain motion vector and coding, enhancement layer is selected time domain candidate motion vector, spatial domain candidate motion vector and interlamination region candidate motion vector, obtains the motion vectors and the coding of enhancement layer.
And the digital coding organizational process of macro block comprises the steps,
At first, add a mode flags position at the macro block data head, after writing macro block code stream operation beginning, if chosen the multiple domain motion vector prediction mode, this mode flags position is written as 1, the back is and then write multiple domain and is selected index and fine movement phasor difference information, and described fine movement phasor difference information is the compressed information that correction obtains to motion vector; If do not choose the multiple domain motion vector prediction mode, then the mode flags position is written as 0;
Then, write macro block mode and full searching motion vector;
At last, write the prediction residual data.
And, the acquisition methods of fine movement phasor difference information is, with time domain candidate motion vector, spatial domain candidate motion vector and interlamination region candidate motion vector is starting point, calculates sad value in window, with the fine movement phasor difference of the candidate vector of minimum sad value as fine movement phasor difference information.
And described window is that the x component and the y component of candidate motion vector adjusted formation respectively within the specific limits.
And x component and y component are adjusted between (1 ,+1) respectively.
The present invention also provides the corresponding decoding method, receive the scalable code stream in spatial domain after, the basic tomographic image of at first decoding, the enhancement layer image of the synchronization of then decoding; When the decoding enhancement layer image, according to mode flags position judgment model,, then select index to choose motion vectors according to multiple domain if current macro is chosen the multiple domain motion vector prediction mode, correction obtains motion vector according to the fine movement Vector Message.
The present invention proposes the method for multiple domain motion-vector prediction, utilize the motion vector of time domain former frame relevant position, the motion vector of spatial domain adjacent block to select exactly in conjunction with the motion vector that low spatial domain layers of resolution obtains, and then can fully utilize the correlation of time domain, spatial domain and interlamination region motion vector, obtain the more accurate prediction motion vector.The present invention also provides the coding and decoding scheme of utilization multiple domain method of motion vector prediction, change the motion vector information transmission into the fine movement phasor difference information of transmitting, on the accuracy that improves motion vectors, compress the motion vector code check, can obtain bigger performance gain.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is a multiple domain method of motion vector prediction schematic diagram in the hierarchy of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the video coding theory diagram of the spatial resolution layering of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is cut apart the model selection flow chart for the enhancement layer macro block of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 writes flow chart for the enhancement layer macro block bit stream data of the embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 5 is the code efficiency test result figure of the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
Technical scheme of the present invention provides the method for motion vector prediction in a kind of resolution demixing technology, motion vector by former frame same position macro block on the time domain obtains the time domain candidate motion vector, motion vector by adjacent block on the spatial domain obtains the spatial domain candidate motion vector, obtain the interlamination region candidate motion vector by the low spatial domain inferior corresponding sports vector of layers of resolution on the interlamination region, time domain candidate motion vector, spatial domain candidate motion vector and interlamination region candidate motion vector are selected, will be wherein estimation cost (cost) minimum elect motion vectors as.During concrete enforcement, selection strategy for candidate vector has multiple distinct methods, for example calculate spatial correlation as the method for threshold value, according to adaptively selected method of picture material motion complexity etc., and the present invention selects to adopt SAD (absolute difference sum) value for mating the motion-vector search algorithm of measuring, choose minimum SAD as the cost value, and the realization motion vector is refined.Notice that the cost value adquisitiones of other selection strategy not necessarily passes through sad value.The concrete scheme of motion-vector search is, is starting point with time domain candidate motion vector, spatial domain candidate motion vector and interlamination region candidate motion vector, calculates sad value in a wicket, and what will have minimum sad value elects the predicting candidate vector as.The motion-vector search algorithm is a kind of this area common methods, wherein window is the x component and the y component difference adjustment formation within the specific limits of candidate motion vector, the preferred version that the embodiment of the invention provides is that x component and y component are adjusted between (1 ,+1) respectively.And the advantage of this algorithm is that the motion vector accuracy height that obtains can replace the predicting candidate vector by transmission fine movement phasor difference, with compression bit rate when coding.The said fine movement vector of the present invention is other common coding method relatively, has component value characteristics within the specific limits, comes down to the compressed information that correction obtains to motion vector, can reduce code check.The fine movement vector component value of the embodiment of the invention only may be at the motion vector in the wicket scope (for example-1 to+1).
Referring to accompanying drawing 1, the present invention is two-layer with prevailing branch to be example, when obtaining the motion vectors of enhancement layer, corresponding sports vector with reference to basic layer correspondence position piece, obtain the interlamination region candidate motion vector, concrete mode obtains for the motion vector of basic layer correspondence position piece stretches, and flexible ratio is the spatial resolution ratio between two-layer; The obtain manner of spatial domain candidate motion vector is that the motion vector of three adjacent blocks 1,2,3 is got intermediate value, three adjacent blocks are in last, the left side, upward left of this macro block respectively, consider that coded sequence is generally from top to bottom, from left to right, general the going up of this macro block, the left position adjacent block selected earlier can be selected position, the right side, left or up for the 3rd during concrete enforcement.
The present invention is called the multiple domain motion vector prediction with this method of predicted motion vector of selecting from three territories, the method for video coding of using this multiple domain method of motion vector prediction is provided, referring to Fig. 2: the high-resolution vision signal that input is obtained to video acquisition, the spatial domain down-sampling becomes low resolution video signal, vision signal Time Domain Decomposition alignment with two kinds of resolution, form enhancement layer and basic layer, be combined into the output of one road code stream after the information processing to enhancement layer and basic floor; Wherein the texture information processing method of enhancement layer and basic layer is, behind texture prediction in the frame, carries out conversion and entropy coding, and texture prediction is realized by the reconstruct up-sampling of basic layer in the frame of enhancement layer; Wherein the movable information processing method of enhancement layer and basic layer is, basic layer uses full searching moving to estimate to obtain motion vector and coding, enhancement layer is selected time domain candidate motion vector, spatial domain candidate motion vector and interlamination region candidate motion vector, obtains the motion vectors and the coding of enhancement layer.Method provided by the invention is only divided a basic layer and an enhancement layer coding; but a basic layer and a plurality of enhancement layer coding also should be in protection scope of the present invention, and the data of basic layer of enhancement layer dependence or low enhancement layer are obtained motion vectors and can be adopted multiple domain motion vector prediction scheme.
Fig. 3 provide the embodiment of the invention enhancement layer macro block cut apart the model selection flow chart, behind beginning encoding enhancement layer macro block, at first calculate the various cost values of cutting apart pattern, these patterns comprise 16 * 16,16 * 8,8 * 16,8 * 8, SKIP or the like.Then, if opened this option of multiple domain motion-vector prediction, then according to the mapping relations between enhancement layer macro block and the base layer block, obtain the motion vector of corresponding blocks and x component and y component all are multiplied by the resolution ratio as the interlamination region candidate vector, for example basic layer uses QCIF resolution, enhancement layer uses CIF resolution, and then the resolution ratio just is 2; The motion vector that then obtains same position macro block in the time domain former frame is as the time domain candidate vector; According to the method for spatial domain adjacent block motion-vector prediction, obtain the spatial domain candidate vector; The motion vector that these three territories are obtained is respectively (1 at last, + 1) calculates sad value in the scope, choose the cost value of minimum sad value as interlayer multiple domain motion vector prediction mode, if this cost value less than other patterns cost value, the selected motor pattern of this pattern then as this macro block.
For the ease of implementing, the embodiment of the invention also provides the digital coding organizational process of macro block, referring to Fig. 4, comprise the steps: at first, add a mode flags position (motion mode flag) at the macro block data head, after writing macro block code stream operation beginning, if chosen the multiple domain motion vector prediction mode, this mode flags position is written as 1, the back is and then write multiple domain and is selected index (be used for showing choose three territories which) and fine movement phasor difference information, and the fine movement phasor difference is that the component value only may be at the motion vector in the wicket scope (for example-1 arriving+1) among the embodiment.If do not choose the multiple domain motion vector prediction mode, then the mode flags position is written as 0; Then, write macro block mode and full searching motion vector.At last, write the prediction residual data, the prediction residual data are common terms of this area, refer to the difference data between original block and the prediction piece.
Be provided with the mode flags position can so that the decoding, the homographic solution code method is: after receiving the scalable code stream in spatial domain, the basic tomographic image of at first decoding, the enhancement layer image of the synchronization of then decoding; When the decoding enhancement layer image, according to mode flags position judgment model,, then select index to choose motion vectors according to multiple domain if current macro is chosen the multiple domain motion vector prediction mode, correction obtains motion vector according to the fine movement Vector Message.
In an embodiment of the present invention, adopted China to have the audio/video encoding standard AVS of independent intellectual property right, expansion AVS is the spatial resolution double-decker, and adopted method of the present invention, foreman.qcif and foreman.cif sequence (foreman is a standard test sequences) are carried out encoded test, Fig. 5 is the performance map of multiple domain motion-vector prediction in the resolution demixing, in cataloged procedure, the individual layer AVS1-P2 coding standard that basic layer adopts is encoded, enhancement layer has used multiple domain motion vector prediction method of the present invention, owing to effectively utilized the movable information of multiple domain, improved code efficiency, as can be seen from Figure 5, under the situation of identical Bit rate (code check), method of the present invention can improve YPSNR (brightness signal to noise ratio) and reach more than the 0.5dB.Fig. 5 has expressed at BLQP (basic layer quantization parameter)=29, the performance curve of the various coded systems when frame per second is 30HZ, and wherein the coded system terminological interpretation is as follows: SVC is a scalable video, BLSkip is the inter-layer motion prediction algorithm; Base layer is basic layer; Anchor is a dual code stream; Proposedmotion prediction is the multiple domain Forecasting Methodology.
Claims (9)
1. the method for motion vector prediction in the resolution demixing technology, it is characterized in that: utilize time domain, the correlation of spatial domain and interlamination region motion vector, obtain the motion vectors of macro block in the enhancement layer, implementation procedure is, motion vector by former frame same position macro block on the time domain obtains the time domain candidate motion vector, motion vector by adjacent block on the spatial domain obtains the spatial domain candidate motion vector, obtain the interlamination region candidate motion vector by the low spatial domain inferior corresponding sports vector of layers of resolution on the interlamination region, to the time domain candidate motion vector, spatial domain candidate motion vector and interlamination region candidate motion vector are selected, with the motion vectors of electing as of estimation cost minimum wherein.
2. method of motion vector prediction according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the obtain manner of described spatial domain candidate motion vector is that the motion vector of three adjacent blocks is got intermediate value, and three adjacent blocks are in last, left, the last left side, right or up of this macro block respectively.
3. method of motion vector prediction according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the obtain manner of described interlamination region candidate motion vector obtains for the motion vector of low spatial domain layers of resolution time correspondence position piece stretches, and flexible ratio is the spatial resolution ratio between two-layer.
4. adopt the method for video coding of claim 1 or 2 or 3 described method of motion vector prediction, it is characterized in that: gather and obtain high-resolution vision signal, the high definition video signal down-sampling is become low resolution video signal, vision signal Time Domain Decomposition alignment with two kinds of resolution, form enhancement layer and basic layer, be combined into the output of one road code stream after the information processing to enhancement layer and basic floor;
Wherein the texture information processing method of enhancement layer and basic layer is, behind texture prediction in the frame, carries out conversion and entropy coding, and texture prediction is realized by the reconstruct up-sampling of basic layer in the frame of enhancement layer;
Wherein the movable information processing method of enhancement layer and basic layer is, basic layer uses full searching moving to estimate to obtain motion vector and coding, enhancement layer is selected time domain candidate motion vector, spatial domain candidate motion vector and interlamination region candidate motion vector, obtains the motion vectors and the coding of enhancement layer.
5. method for video coding according to claim 4 is characterized in that: the digital coding organizational process of macro block comprises the steps,
At first, add a mode flags position at the macro block data head, after writing macro block code stream operation beginning, if chosen the multiple domain motion vector prediction mode, this mode flags position is written as 1, the back is and then write multiple domain and is selected index and fine movement phasor difference information, and described fine movement phasor difference information is the compressed information that correction obtains to motion vector; If do not choose the multiple domain motion vector prediction mode, then the mode flags position is written as 0;
Then, write macro block mode and full searching motion vector;
At last, write the prediction residual data.
6. method for video coding according to claim 5, it is characterized in that: the acquisition methods of fine movement phasor difference information is, with time domain candidate motion vector, spatial domain candidate motion vector and interlamination region candidate motion vector is starting point, in window, calculate sad value, with the fine movement phasor difference of the candidate vector of minimum sad value as fine movement phasor difference information.
7. method for video coding according to claim 6 is characterized in that: described window is that the x component and the y component of candidate motion vector adjusted formation respectively within the specific limits.
8. method for video coding according to claim 7 is characterized in that: x component and y component are adjusted between (1 ,+1) respectively.
9. press the coding/decoding method of the scalable code stream in spatial domain of claim 5 or 6 or 7 or 8 described method for video coding formation, it is characterized in that: after receiving the scalable code stream in spatial domain, the basic tomographic image of at first decoding, the enhancement layer image of the synchronization of then decoding;
When the decoding enhancement layer image, according to mode flags position judgment model,, then select index to choose motion vectors according to multiple domain if current macro is chosen the multiple domain motion vector prediction mode, correction obtains motion vector according to the fine movement Vector Message.
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