Background technology
The kind of drawing is numerous.The activity in production of all trades and professions all be unable to do without drawing.In construction work circle, the designer relies on drawing that oneself thought expression is come out and passes to workmen, drawing recorded information and transmission information; In the manufacturing industry, drawing has provided the whole flow process of product processing and manufacturing and each several part size positions or the like information, instructs and produces; Service industry has various drawings to instruct the practitioner with standard service etc. equally; Even in the IT industry, hardware will be by drawing production, and software design needs drawing auxiliary equally, and the application of numerous drawings just makes it developing faster, better.The applied range of drawing has determined that the kind of drawing is numerous.At first, demand difference between industry, drawing kind are also different, and the engineering drawing in the building trade is that people are the most familiar only, and manufacturing industry has the forging drawing, and various process flow diagrams are arranged in the IT circles, from people's nearest rag trade of living tailor's drawing are arranged.Again according to drawing content difference, can be divided into floor plan, sectional view and each position arrangement of reinforcement or the like in the engineering drawing.In a word, the kind of drawing can be flexible and changeable according to actual conditions, promptly not fixed various restrictions, and Just because of this, it has infinite development potentiality.
Generally speaking, drawing at first is designer's a kind of instrument and the fruit of labour, and they utilize drawing to write down and express the design philosophy of oneself; Construction or producers finish engineering construction or production according to (or reference) drawing content, and drawing has the effect of guidance or reference for them; Drawing is important media of information, and the easy keeping quality of drawing also makes drawing become important file data, and it also is the important Knowledge Source that people learn simultaneously.
Traditional drawing protract is that the drawing personnel utilize various drawing instrument image pattern plates, compasses, ruling pen and various ruler to describe on plotting paper, and this plotting mode efficient is not high, is not easy to revise, and drawing duplicates to pass round also and be restricted simultaneously.Because computer-aided design (CAD) (CAD, ComputerAided Design) development, the designer has broken away from the epoch of manual drawing basically, the drawing personnel can utilize as AutoCAD, open order CAD, day just build, CAXA electronics chart board, PKPM, Pro/e and other 2D or 3D mapping software instrument are easily drawn complicated drawing, improved drawing efficiency greatly, and this drawing is revised conveniently, storage is simple, and it is simple that the copy propagation of drawing also becomes.
The preservation of drawing is also along with the development of the method for drawing protract and change has been arranged.Traditional drawing is preserved to adopt drawing is filed preserving type in the lump with the alternative document data, and drawing is consulted and existed certain difficulty, and is not easy to long preservation.The development of cad technique makes drawing data in electronic form to preserve, and the electronic edition drawing is carved into CD can long preservation, and it is also quite convenient to search, but privacy concerns highlights again simultaneously.
Traditional drawing store method is that the drawing classification is preserved, perhaps drawing being compiled into drawing preserves, but this brings a problem, be exactly that drawing is searched inconvenience, can not search fast, in addition, be exactly the appearance along with new technology, new method, new drawing is difficult for joining in the drawing, also needs publication and printing again, caused very big waste, and, use the designer of drawing to need referenced drawing, can not carry out electronic editing to drawing, also need repaint, greatly reduce work efficiency according to drawing.In addition owing to will preserve a large amount of drawings, so need very big space to preserve, along with the city fast, this problem also more and more appears suddenly out.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with drawings and Examples, the specific embodiment of the present invention is described in further detail.Following examples are used to illustrate the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Fig. 1 is a kind of method flow diagram of setting up drawing data base of the embodiment of the invention; At first the figure sheet type is judged, if drawing has electronic format, i.e. controller readable format, then directly with the drawing of electronic format as the electronic drawing data; If drawing is a paper drawing, paper drawing need be converted into electronic format, usually adopt paper drawing scanning is the mode of electronic pictures, if drawing is type drawings such as the fine arts, directly picture is got final product as the electronic drawing data, if drawing is a machinery, other drawings that need revise or edit such as engineering, usually for example adopting, related software such as Auto CAD traces designs, obtain the e-file that to edit, if this drawing needs editor, according to national standard, the e-file that can edit is made amendment, but with amended editing electronic file as the electronic drawing data.And to the electronic drawing classification, for example be divided into, mechanical, Engineering, building class, Arts etc.Make full use of database development software for example MicroSoft Access etc. can import OLE (Object Linking and Embedded, the link of object and embedding) characteristics of object, regard each drawing file as a data element, in database development software (as Access), create the new database file, set up tables of data, data (drawing file) are entered in the tables of data, use the difference of requirement and use-pattern afterwards according to drawing, utilization VB and sql like language are set up the various inquiries of using based on drawing, forms etc., for each tables of data is provided with a plurality of fields, each field includes the customizing messages of tables of data, classification for example, titles etc. can be provided with access rights, give data base encryption, satisfy security requirement.Finally generate database by tables of data.
Integrated data base technology of the present invention is reorganized drawing, is example with rural safe water works design drawing below, specifies the use step of setting up drawing data base.
At first be that the conversion drawing is the computer document form, with all the relevant drawing vectorizations in the rural safe water works design drawing; This step is the data-preparing stage, and the design of establishment rural safe water works needs a large amount of engineering drawings.At first collect drawing data, with the drawing vectorization of collecting, the input computer, the drawing vectorization method generally has following step: (1) scanning drawing, (2) in Auto CAD software, trace designs, drawing is become the pattern of can revising, (3) modification and perfection, according to the designing requirement of national standard, drawing is revised as the standard map that meets national standard to clear water reserviors.Whether carry out two steps of back according to the requirement of drawing and the type decided of drawing, for example the picture in the photo drawing only need scan and get final product; According to existing drawing is revised in the requirement of drawing quality, comprise the unification of various drawing standards then, the check of figure paper structure etc. make drawing satisfy various requirement.
The various possibility types of service of research rural safe drinking-water project engineering drawing, research user's demand; Research drawing application form, usable range etc., and design lookup method.Concrete grammar is as follows: the user of rural safe water works design drawing is the designer of rural safe water works.The main effect that drawing will be brought into play is work efficiency, the minimizing designer workload that improves the designer.Analyze the mode that the designer uses drawing, for example search a certain structures, perhaps search individual system, also have the retrieval whole structures group's of water factory needs.Corresponding to above several application forms, put lookup method in order, just find out the field that the reader is used to identify drawing.Each opens drawing can come unique identification by some field, and these fields are keys that following data base querying is set up.
Present embodiment mainly comprises contents such as pump house (deep-well pump house and water distribution pump house), clear water reserviors, pipeline auxiliary construction.The field of describing pump house comprises: form (semi-underground and ground type two kinds), character (deep-well pump house or water distribution pump house), type, size, figure sheet type, map sheet, drawing ole object and the map title; Describing the clear water reserviors field has: structures title, specification (volume, cubic meter), form (circular, square, rectangle), top layer earthing (500mm, 1000mm), map sheet, figure sheet type, suitable water supply rank, drawing ole object and the map title; The description field of pipeline auxiliary construction has: well type, material (brick, reinforced concrete), form (circle, rectangle, square), suitable conduit range of size (mm), figure sheet type, prefabricated components numbering, drawing ole object, the map title.
The principle that designs field for drawing (or picture) is as follows: (1) will guarantee that every drawing can both come out by the unique sign of field combination, so just can search accurately; (2) field that connects each other in the design different pieces of information table obtains the multiple drawing that needs when carrying out multi-table query; (3) several drawings of same type will have common search field, and characteristics are separately arranged again.
In database software MicroSoft Access, create the new database file, set up tables of data, the rural safe water works drawing file of putting in order is used as data importing tables of data (software environment MicroSoft Access2003).
Each drawing all has characteristics separately, also interosculates with other drawing simultaneously, and field mentioned above promptly is common ground and the inequality point that is used for describing drawing.It is as follows to set up the tables of data process: (1) is provided with search field, for example the search field of clear water reserviors is set to: drawing number (major key), structures title, specification (volume, cubic meter), form (circular, square, rectangle), top layer earthing (500mm, 1000mm), map sheet, figure sheet type, suitable water supply rank, drawing ole object and the map title; (2) field data types is set, top layer earthing (mm) field data types is a numeral, most important drawing field, and data type is elected ole object as, and other field data types all are set to text; (3) in tables of data, add data, analyze the characteristics of each drawing, fill in corresponding contents in the table, the preprepared drawing file is imported tables of data with the ole object form, finish data input in the table.Other tables of data are created mode with the clear water reserviors table.After all data typings are finished, just can inquire respective record, displayed record and open corresponding drawing by the field that is provided with previously.
Corresponding to various application demands, various inquiries are set, set up forms.With clear water reserviors is example, and various inquiries, to set up the forms process as follows:
(1) inquiry establishment step
A, be chosen in the Design view and create inquiry, the data query source is selected from tables of data: clear water reserviors.
The search field that b, selection need: structures title, specification, form, top layer earthing, figure sheet type, suitable water supply rank, drawing ole object, every all being set to shows.
C, querying condition is set: use the filtrator query function and in the specification condition stub, import following statement:
A Like IIf (IsNull ([forms]! [clear water reserviors]! [specification]), " * ", [forms]! [clear water reserviors]! [specification])
Wherein [clear water reserviors] represent the forms title, and [specification] is the combo box title in [clear water reserviors] forms, and concrete implication describes in detail when setting up forms.
Import above-mentioned format statement respectively in other field condition stub, replace " specification " with field name separately respectively.
D, preservation inquiry, and called after " clear water reserviors glq ".
It is identical that mode is set up in other inquiry.
(2) forms establishment step
A, be chosen in and create forms in the Design view, adjust frame size.
B, add child form in Design view, the child form name is set in attribute is called " clear water reserviors sub ", source object is selected corresponding inquiry " clear water reserviors glq ", adjusts size, revises title.
C, in Design view, add combo box, its name is set in attribute is called " specification ", row source type selecting " value list ", input in the row source: " 50 "; " 100 "; " 150 "; " 200 "; " 300 "; " 400 "; " 500 "; " 600 "; " 800 "; " 1000 "; " 1500 ", the corresponding label name is made as: clear water reserviors specification (cubic meter).More than the input data are specification hurdle available data in the clear water reserviors table.Also according to realizing the retrieval of man-machine conversation formula by adding combo box, title is consistent with statement respective combination frame title in the query steps " c " for other search fields, the data that the row source requires to be in this field and comprised.So just the inquiry that back can be set up connects, make can in forms, import or alternative condition to obtain corresponding data.
D, add some labels, import the title of forms respectively, illustrative words etc.
E, preservation forms are given forms called after " clear water reserviors ", make the forms title identical with forms title among the query steps c.Could guarantee that like this inquiry " clear water reserviors glq " can obtain data from forms " clear water reserviors ".To positions of elements in the forms, literal size color etc. adjusts accordingly.
F, code compiling are finished above step and can only be guaranteed when opening forms primary data to be passed to inquiry, the inquiry return results, and this moment is input or selection data in combo box, and child form does not all have to upgrade.Therefore in forms, add code when making in the combo box data variation, child form energy real-time update data.Use Design view to open forms " clear water reserviors ", select " code generator " in " event generating ", for combo box " specification " add code " Me! [clear water reserviors sub] .Requery ", child form " clear water reserviors sub " content is upgraded at any time when being implemented in combo box " specification " content change.Other combo boxes also add same statement.
(3) according to inquiry and the forms of first two steps foundation, create total forms then, put into a plurality of order buttons, the corresponding respectively forms of creating previously of opening corresponding to each tables of data.
Various inquiries and forms are set up and are finished back database drawing design and finish basically, can do modification work at various window interfaces afterwards, and at last to the database file encryption or access rights are set, drawing data base has just been finished like this.There is the drawing of sharing requirement can be suspended on the internet and downloads use for inquiry.Like this, when the designer in rural area needs the design drawing of clear water reserviors, as long as the designing requirement of its clear water reserviors of input, can find the clear water reserviors drawing that meets national standard, directly print and to construct, and needn't repaint drawing again, therefore can improve designer's work efficiency greatly, the reduction of erection time.
The present invention does not have the special disciplines restriction, can be applied to the various drawing fields that need, and has wide range of applications, and certain popularization value is arranged.But paper mold drawing content of edit is limited at present, and enrolling in a large number to increase various costs, also can have influence on the comfort level of use, and preservation can take big quantity space, and for the drawing that has confidentiality to require, the security of paper mold drawing is obviously not enough.Integrated data base technology establishment drawing need not be considered the cost problem; Can add drawing as required, some the drawings of being correlated with can be integrated in the Database Systems like this, conjunctive query is set, eliminate the worry that the user searches repeatedly; Encryption is with effective protection drawing content; The dirigibility of foundation inquiry etc. makes that drawing inquiry form is abundanter; Technical difficulty is lower, as long as skillfully the personnel of operation A ccess can grasp; Can file by mode such as dish at quarter, have at the bottom of the cost, not take up space, advantage such as data volume is big; After being suspended on the internet, can bring into play the using value of drawing to greatest extent.
Fig. 2 is a kind of apparatus structure synoptic diagram of setting up drawing data base of the embodiment of the invention.Comprise the electronic drawing data capture unit, import the unit, unit, database generation unit, data query unit, data output unit are set.The electronic drawing data capture unit is used for obtaining the electronic drawing data according to drawing, if drawing is a paper drawing, then paper drawing is converted into electronic format, with the data of electronic format as the electronic drawing data; If drawing is an electronic format, then directly adopts this drawing as the electronic drawing data, and the electronic drawing data are classified; Import the unit, be used for the electronic drawing data are imported tables of data according to classification; The unit is set, is used to tables of data that a plurality of fields that are used to describe described electronic drawing data message are set, each field comprises the different information of drawing, mainly is to be used for the drawing inquiry; The database generation unit, the tables of data that is used for including a plurality of fields generates drawing data base.The data query unit is used for from the database inquiry electronic drawing data that generate, and it mainly is according to the data message of user's input, inquires about according to the information in each field in the tables of data, finds the drawing that meets querying condition.The data output unit, the electronic drawing data that are used for the data query unit is inquired are exported, and adopt output means such as printing, download usually, use to make things convenient for the inquiry.
The above only is a preferred implementation of the present invention; should be pointed out that for those skilled in the art, under the prerequisite that does not break away from the technology of the present invention principle; can also make some improvements and modifications, these improvements and modifications also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.