CN101182478B - Root nodule azotobacter strain BDYD1 and uses thereof - Google Patents

Root nodule azotobacter strain BDYD1 and uses thereof Download PDF

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CN101182478B
CN101182478B CN200710032271A CN200710032271A CN101182478B CN 101182478 B CN101182478 B CN 101182478B CN 200710032271 A CN200710032271 A CN 200710032271A CN 200710032271 A CN200710032271 A CN 200710032271A CN 101182478 B CN101182478 B CN 101182478B
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bdyd1
bacterium
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CN101182478A (en
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曹桂芹
廖红
严小龙
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South China Agricultural University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a Nodule Azotobacter strain BDYD1 and the application. The strain is obtained by a way that the Rhizobia strains in the soil are respectively captured through different soybeanvarieties; the Rhizobia strains are separated and purified in fresh root nodules; part 16S rDNA of the strain is sequenced; the phylogenetic analysis determines that the strain is a novel Bradyrhizobium strain, which is named as Huagu 1. The Nodule Azotobacter strain BDYD1 of the invention has the characteristics of acid and aluminum tolerance and high level of nodules, which are proved by laboratory pot culture and field experiment. The inoculation of the Rhizobia strain can improve the yield of soybean more than 20 percent to 30 percent. The invention suits for the acid soil area in South China, which can be used as one of the measures for the conventional cultivation of soybean.

Description

A kind of nodule azotobacter strain is BDYD1 and application thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of nodule azotobacter strain is BDYD1 and application thereof.
Background technology
Biological nitrogen fixation is one of great fundamental research problem in the life science, and it is bringing into play important effect in production reality.Symbiotic nitrogen fixation is most important a kind of in the biological nitrogen fixation.The symbiosis of leguminous plants and root nodule bacterium becomes the focus of Biological Nitrogen Fixation Researches owing to have characteristics such as nitrogen fixing capacity is strong, amount of nitrogen fixation big, high-output stress-resistance.A large amount of evidences both at home and abroad, the inoculation root nodule bacterium can be improved the yield and quality of leguminous crop in most soil.The inoculation high-efficiency root-nodule bacteria as the major measure of soybean yield-increasing, has obtained large-area application in northern China.
Current, soybean has become the vast acidity in south China and has lacked one of of great value leguminous crop of phosphorus red soil.For a long time, have certain cultivated area though soybean lacks the phosphorus khoai in acidity, because the soils in south china slant acidity, common root nodule bacterium rarely have application at southern area.One of them reason is the inoculation nitragin, and can run into root nodule bacterium acidproof and the problem of anti-aluminium.In order to improve dross rate and the nitrogen fixation effect of root nodule bacterium, the Rhizobium strains of must seed selection acidproof, anti-aluminium could obtain high yield like this to adapt to the acid soil condition.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to the problem at the prior art existence, it is BDYD1 that a kind of nodule azotobacter strain is provided, and this nodule azotobacter strain system belongs to the knurl Pseudomonas that takes root slowly, has the characteristics of alumite, high-efficiency nitrogen-fixing.
It is the application of BDYD1 in the leguminous plants symbiotic nitrogen fixation that another object of the present invention provides above-mentioned nodule azotobacter strain.
Above-mentioned technical purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
Nodule azotobacter strain disclosed by the invention is that BDYD1 is preserved in Wuhan University China typical culture collection center on July 28th, 2007, and it abbreviates CCTCC as, and deposit number is CCTCC NO:M207121.
One, nodule azotobacter strain is the separation of BDYD1
1) get fresh root nodule, water is rinsed well, and blots surface-moisture with filter paper;
2) put into 95% alcohol and handled 3 minutes, put into 0.1%HgCl again 2In, sterilized 3~5 minutes, take out back aseptic water washing 5~6 times;
3) cut in half on the slide glass of the bacterium of going out with flame, clamp knurl half with aseptic nipper, cut sides is to the line of YMA medium surface, and the prescription of YMA medium is as shown in table 1, is inverted the back and cultivates down at 28 ℃;
Table 1YMA (Yeast Mannitol Agar) culture medium prescription (L -1)
Figure G2007100322715D00021
4) wait to grow thalline after, earlier tentatively judge whether to be root nodule bacterium according to following two aspects:
1. colonial morphology: the bacterium colony of root nodule bacterium be circle, oyster white, translucent, neat in edge, cement more or less.Cultivate 3~5 days colony diameters and reach 2~4mm and give birth to the type root nodule bacterium for fast, cultivate 7~10 days bacterium colonies just 1mm be living type root nodule bacterium slowly.
2. thalli morphology: mark is tentatively confirmed as the root nodule bacterium bacterium colony, and therefrom picking lawn smear carries out gramstaining, and oily mirror is observed down.Root nodule bacterium are the dialister bacterium of (0.5~0.9) * (1.2~0.3) μ m.In often contain beta-hydroxy-butanoic acid, promptly reflect strong like the cavity particle or make thalline in the form of link, Gram-negative (G-), no gemma, thalline is single or paired.
5) according to above-mentioned two aspects, the bacterium colony of selecting form picture root nodule bacterium from flat board is streak culture on flat board.Observe the bacterium colony situation after 3 days, observe 15 days always, because bacterium colony need appear in 7~15 days in living slowly root nodule bacterium.
Two, nodule azotobacter strain is the character of BDYD1
1, morphological specificity
This bacterial strain is slowly the type of giving birth on colonial morphology, circular less, oyster white, translucent, cement is more.Diameter after growing on the YMA flat board 5~7 days is 0.8~2.0mm.
2, cultural characters
The optimum growing condition of this bacterium is: pH=7.0,28 ℃ of temperature, rotating speed 180r/min.
Can utilize charcoal source and nitrogenous source widely.
3, physiological property
Be G through gramstaining reaction microscopy -, be little rod-short.
4, functional performance
Nodule azotobacter strain is that BDYD1 has characteristics such as nitrogen fixing capacity is strong, amount of nitrogen fixation big, high-output stress-resistance, alumite.When thalline is released in the physical environment, harmless to people, animal and plant, do not pollute the environment, increased the colony of root nodule bacterium between soil on the contrary, fabaceous nodulation and nitrogen fixation there is promoted effect.
Three, nodule azotobacter strain is the 16S rDNA sequence order-checking of BDYD1
In order to identify the phylogeny status of root nodule bacterium, institute's strain separated 16S rDNA sequence is checked order.At first extract total DNA of bacterial strain, carry out the PCR specific amplification then, pcr amplification product is used for sequencing after check on 1.0% the agarose gel electrophoresis, and sequencing result is shown in SEQ ID NO:1.
8 reference bacterial strains from the GenBank database, have been obtained, application software GeneDoc and TREECONW analyze the 16S rDNA partial sequence of isolated strains and reference bacterial strain, made up the Phylogenetic Relationships figure of isolated strains and reference culture, obtain reflecting the phylogenetic tree of evolving between soybean nodulation bacterial strain to be measured and the reference bacterial strain with the relation of growing, thereby determine that the nodule azotobacter strain of separating is that BDYD1 is the new bacterial strain system of knurl Pseudomonas (Bradyrhizobium) of taking root slowly, and solid No. 1 of called after China.
Compared with prior art, the present invention has following beneficial effect: 1. nodule azotobacter strain of the present invention is the characteristic that BDYD1 has alumite, efficient dross, inoculates these root nodule bacterium and can improve soybean yields 20-30% at least, can be used for actual production; 2. be BDYD1 by inoculating nodule azotobacter strain of the present invention, can reach and improve the soybean nitrogen nutrition, thereby reach the purpose of high yield of soybean and fertilizing soil; 3. nodule azotobacter strain of the present invention is that BDYD1 is applicable to the South China Acidic Soil area, as one of measure of soybean conventional cultivation.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the colonial morphology of BDYD1 on YMA medium for nodule azotobacter strain;
Fig. 2 is BDYD1 observation image at microscopically behind gramstaining for nodule azotobacter strain;
Fig. 3 is the 16S rDNA partial sequence analytical system growth dendrogram of BDYD1 for nodule azotobacter strain;
Fig. 4 is Boiling tube paper training device;
Wherein, be BDYD1 in the square frame among Fig. 3 for nodule azotobacter strain.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1 nodule azotobacter strain is separation and the purifying of BDYD1
Get fresh root nodule, water is rinsed well, blots surface-moisture with filter paper.Put into 95% ethanol earlier and handled 3 minutes, take out, put into 0.2%HgCl again with aseptic water washing 5~6 times 2Sterilized 5 minutes, and took out and use aseptic water washing 5~6 times.Cut in half on the slide glass of the bacterium of going out with flame then, clamp knurl half with aseptic nipper, cut sides is inverted the back and is cultivated down at 28 ℃ to the line of YMA (table 1) media surface.
After waiting to grow thalline, the bacterium colony of selecting form picture root nodule bacterium from flat board is streak culture on flat board.Observe the bacterium colony situation after 3 days, observe 15 days always, because bacterium colony need appear in 7~15 days in living slowly root nodule bacterium.Can tentatively judge whether to be root nodule bacterium according to following two aspects: 1. colonial morphology: the bacterium colony of root nodule bacterium is circle, oyster white, translucent, neat in edge, and cement more or less.Cultivate 3~5 days colony diameters and reach 2~4mm and give birth to the type root nodule bacterium for fast, cultivate 7~10 days bacterium colonies just 1mm be living type root nodule bacterium slowly.2. thalli morphology: mark is tentatively confirmed as the root nodule bacterium bacterium colony, and therefrom picking lawn smear carries out gramstaining, and oily mirror is observed down.Root nodule bacterium are the dialister bacterium of (0.5~0.9) * (1.2~0.3) μ m.In often contain beta-hydroxy-butanoic acid, promptly reflect strong like the cavity particle or make thalline in the form of link, Gram-negative (G -), no gemma, thalline is single or paired.All as root nodule bacterium, that then that mark is good bacterium colony inserts the test tube slant and cultivates preservation as the bacterium colony thalline.
The bacterial strain of present embodiment is slowly the type of giving birth to, be that circle is less on colonial morphology, oyster white, translucent, cement is more; Diameter after growing on the YMA flat board 5~7 days is 0.8~2.0mm (Fig. 1); Optimum growing condition is: pH=7.0, and 28 ℃ of temperature, rotating speed 180r/min can utilize charcoal source and nitrogenous source widely; Be G through gramstaining reaction microscopy -, be little rod-short (Fig. 2).
Utilize the method for this separation and purification, through purifying repeatedly of some generations, streak culture in solid medium YMA (table 1), obtain the pure bacterium of many strains, pure bacterium is through its nodulation and nitrogen fixation ability of tieback verification experimental verification, and the present embodiment separation and purification is BDYD1 to the efficient nodule azotobacter strain of alumite.
Embodiment 2 nodule azotobacter strains are the 16S rDNA sequence order-checking of BDYD1
Extract total DNA of bacterial strain, carry out the PCR specific amplification, pcr amplification product is delivered to Ying Jun company and is carried out sequencing after check on 1.0% the agarose gel electrophoresis, and sequencing result is shown in SEQ ID NO:1.
Obtained 8 reference bacterial strains from the GenBank database, application software GeneDoc and TREECONW analyze the 16S rDNA partial sequence of isolated strains and reference bacterial strain, make up the Phylogenetic Relationships figure of isolated strains and reference culture, as shown in Figure 3.Thereby determine that the nodule azotobacter strain of separating is that BDYD1 is the new bacterial strain system of knurl Pseudomonas (Bradyrhizobium) of taking root slowly, and solid No. 1 of called after China.
The test of embodiment 3 tiebacks
Tieback test cumulative evidence adopts above-mentioned Boiling tube paper training device (Fig. 4), and soybean seeds is handled also as previously mentioned.
Bacterium liquid is cultivated: choose ring root nodule bacterium in test tube in the TY liquid nutrient medium with transfering loop, the prescription of TY liquid nutrient medium is as shown in table 2, with the tampon plug good after, seal with kraft paper, be placed on and be cultured to logarithmic phase (about 4~6 days) on the oscillator, culture temperature is 28 ℃.
Table 2 TY liquid nutrient medium (/L)
Inoculation is handled: will urge the seed of bud to be put in the culture dish and soak 15 minutes with bacterium liquid, with tweezers with the seedling plantation between filter paper and tube wall, every seedling adds bacterium liquid 1-2mL, guarantees that the bacterium that connects of every seedling is measured and reaches 1.0 * 10 9More than individual.Other establishes and does not inoculate processing in contrast.
Culture condition and testing index: culture condition is placed in the illumination box and cultivates as previously mentioned.Routine observation and add nutritive medium.The back 30 days results of transplanting seedlings, the dross situation of observing soybean.
As supplying the examination material, wherein Brazil No. 10 (BX10) is the phosphorus efficiency genotype with significant 2 soybean genotypes of phosphorus efficiency variance, and local No. 2 (BD2) are phosphorus poor efficiency genotype.The higher China's solid No. 1 (nodule azotobacter strain is BDYD1) of nitrogenase activity when root nodule bacterium are adopted tieback, other establishes and does not inoculate in contrast.Two P levels (LP:2 μ mol/L is established in this test; HP:1000 μ mol/L), the unified nitrogen that hangs down is handled (LN:50 μ mol/L).Acidity in the pH value simulation characteristic of acid red soil of nutritive medium is regulated pH value to 5.5.4 repetitions are established in each processing.
From table 3 (the different root nodule bacterium of inoculation are to the influence of soybeans top dry weight under the Different Nutrition condition) and table 4 (inoculating of the influence of different root nodule bacterium under the low nitrogen condition) to the overground part dry weight as can be seen, under low nitrogen is handled, the inoculation root nodule bacterium can significantly improve the overground part dry weight of soybean, and different varieties also has genotypic difference to the reaction of inoculating root nodule bacterium.In general, the effect of local No. 2 inoculation root nodule bacterium is better than No. 10, Brazil.Under the LNLP condition, there is effect preferably in inoculation China to local No. 2 kinds solid No. 1; Under LNLP and LNHP handle, compare with contrast (not inoculating processing) and to have improved 23.42%, 26.58% respectively.
The different root nodule bacterium of inoculation are to the influence of soybeans top dry weight under the table 3 Different Nutrition condition
Annotate: LNLP represents that low nitrogen is low-phosphorous, LNHP represents low nitrogen high phosphorus.
The different root nodule bacterium of inoculation are to the influence of overground part dry weight under the low nitrogen condition of table 4
Figure G2007100322715D00082
Annotate: LNLP represents that low nitrogen is low-phosphorous, LNHP represents low nitrogen high phosphorus;
Percentage ratio is the percentage ratio of comparing raising behind the inoculation root nodule bacterium with contrast (LNLP does not inoculate processing) in the table;
Calculation formula is: (R-CK)/and CK*100%.
The test of embodiment 4 earth culture tiebacks
This test is 6 for the examination soybean varieties, wherein 4 is that the state that is cultivated by Agricultural University Of South China root system biology center examines kind: China's spring No. 1 (HC-1), China's spring No. 2 (HC-2), China No. 1 (HX-1), No. 3, China (HX-3), other 2 kinds be Brazil No. 10 (BX10) and No. 2 (BD2) in this locality.
Tested in October, 2006 and in greenhouse, Agricultural University Of South China root system biology center, carry out.Sterilize being placed in the high-pressure sterilizing pot after air-dry the sieving of soil of gathering.The nodule azotobacter strain that this test selects for use us to separate is BDYD1 (solid No. 1 an of China), and other establishes and does not inoculate processing in contrast.Test is provided with 2 nitrogen levels and handles: low nitrogen handles (LN does not execute nitrogen) and high nitrogen is handled (HN, 5000 μ mol/L).Nutrient solution prescription such as Boiling tube paper training test, phosphorus is handled and is adopted the HP level, and other operation is the same.Completely random block design, 4 repetitions are adopted in test.Soybean seeds through sterilization, vernalization is seeded in the plastic tub soil.3 of every basin sowings, sowing one all laggard seedlings in the ranks, every basin only keeps the seedling of a growing way stalwartness.After the thinning, cultured root nodule bacterium bacterium liquid is inoculated into the root of seedling, every seedling adds bacterium liquid 1~2mL, guarantees that the bacterium that connects of every seedling is measured and reaches 1.0 * 10 9More than individual.Plant strain growth was gathered in the crops after 45 days, and the mensuration of sampling and every index is with the test of paper training test tube.
By in the table 5 (the inoculation root nodule bacterium are to the influence of different soybean varieties overground part dry weights (g/plant)) as can be seen, after the different soybean varieties inoculation China solid No. 1 (nodule azotobacter strain is BDYD1), the influence of soybeans top dry weight had extremely significant genotypic difference (F=31.23***).Under low nitrogen was handled, each kind overground part dry weight was all compared the height of photograph after solid No. 1 of the inoculation China; Nitrogen is handled to the influence of overground part dry weight significantly, and the overground part dry weight of soybean was significantly higher than low nitrogen and handles the overground part dry weight of soybean down under high nitrogen was handled.Inoculation China influences for No. 1 also extremely remarkable admittedly to soybeans top dry weight, and has utmost point significant interactions between nitrogen and the Rhizobium strains system.Under high nitrogen was handled, inoculation China influenced not remarkable to soybeans top dry weight solid No. 1.
Solid No. 1 the influence of table 5 inoculation China to different soybean varieties overground part dry weights (g/plant)
Figure G2007100322715D00091
Annotate: 1) LN: low nitrogen is handled; HN: high nitrogen is handled;
2) G represents genotype; N represents that nitrogen is handled, R represents root nodule bacterium; G * R represents the interaction of genotype and root nodule bacterium; G * N represents the interaction that genotype and nitrogen are handled; N * R represents that phosphorus is handled and the interaction of root nodule bacterium; G * N * R represents that genotype, nitrogen are handled and root nodule bacterium three's interaction;
3) *: 0.01<P<0.05; *: 0.001<P<0.01; * *: P<0.001; Ns: difference is not remarkable.
Embodiment 5 field inoculation tests
This test is carried out on big magnificent farm, Suixi, Zhanjiang City, Guangdong Province.Seedtime is on January 27th~28,2007.This test is provided with 2 processing: meet China's solid No. 1 (nodule azotobacter strain is BDYD1) and do not handle with not connecing nitragin, use phosphate fertilizer by the rate of fertilizer application of 50kg P/ha simultaneously, phosphate fertilizer applies according to unified standard is disposable in the mode of base fertilizer.3 repetitions are established in this test.Randomized block design is taked in test, the ridging cultivation, and thickness of sowing is 40cm * 10cm (line-spacing * spacing in the rows).Sowing, fertilising, irrigation, weeds and disease and pest are carried out by the soybean Routine Management.
Field investigation was for the first time carried out in the phase of blossoming and bearing fruit of soybean, had investigated the average plant height of individual plant, individual plant knurl weight, dross number (the results are shown in Table 6), average individual plant overground part dry weight, root dry weight, had born pods and count (the results are shown in Table 7).
Solid No. 1 the influence of table 6 China to the soybean nodulation growth
Figure G2007100322715D00101
As seen from Table 6, inoculation China can impel soybean nodulation solid No. 1.Inoculation is handled with root nodule number and the root nodule dry weight of not inoculating processing and is all existed significant difference.From the result of individual plant root nodule number and root nodule dry weight, inoculation is handled and is reached than conspicuous level (root nodule number F I=13.88**; Root nodule dry weight F I=10.25**).Because big magnificent farm, Zhanjiang previous crops is a sugarcane, indigenous root nodule bacterium exist hardly, do not have dross so done the soybean that does not inoculate processing.The average plant height of individual plant that inoculation is handled is higher than the average plant height of not inoculating processing, and this helps improving the output of soybean.From test-results explanation use nodule azotobacter strain be BDYD1 for improving the soil, utilize the nitrogen fixing capacity of root nodule bacterium to provide the nitrogen requirement of crop that very big meaning is arranged.
Table 7 nodule azotobacter strain is the influence of BDYD1 to the soybean plants growth
Figure G2007100322715D00111
As seen from Table 7, using the soybean nodulation azotobacter strain is that BDYD1 has tangible effect of increasing production, and the soybeans top dry weight that inoculation is handled is obviously than the height of not inoculating processing, and the chances are for the amplitude of increase between 49.5~154.5%; Simultaneously, the root dry weight of inoculation processing is than the height of not inoculating.Whether inoculate for the number that bears pods remarkable influence is arranged.The number that bears pods that can increase the part kind is handled in inoculation, and increasing degree is between 91.5~116.6%.But for the number that bears pods of Guangdong spring 04-5, effect of inoculation is not clearly; The amplification of the overground part dry weight of Guangdong spring 04-5 neither be very big simultaneously.From the result of individual plant overground part dry weight and root dry weight, the difference between inoculation processing and the kind all reaches utmost point conspicuous level (overground part dry weight F I=23.81***, F G=13.9***; Root dry weight F I=29.94***, F G=8.67**); From individual plant several results that bear pods, inoculation handle and kind between difference all reach conspicuous level (F I=7.8*, F G=6.88*).
This experimental study shows, under the situation of applied nitrogen not, using nodule azotobacter strain merely is that BDYD1 has significantly effect of increasing production, and as seen the nodule azotobacter strain of being developed by this research department is that BDYD1 can be used for large-area popularization and uses.
Discovering of field inoculation test, inoculation be after nodule azotobacter strain is BDYD1, and plant dry weight, root nodule be heavy, bear pods number and output all are higher than and do not inoculate contrast.The soybean inoculation nodule azotobacter strain is that BDYD1 has the effect that increases production and improves productivity.
A kind of nodule azotobacter strain is BDYD1 and uses .txt
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<120〉a kind of nodule azotobacter strain is BDYD1 and application thereof
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Claims (2)

1. a nodule azotobacter strain is BDYD1, and this bacterial strain system belongs to the knurl Pseudomonas that takes root slowly, is preserved in Wuhan University China typical culture collection center on July 28th, 2007, and deposit number is CCTCCNO:M207121.
2. the described nodule azotobacter strain of claim 1 is the application of BDYD1 in the leguminous plants symbiotic nitrogen fixation.
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CN103045500B (en) * 2012-11-21 2015-03-04 中盈长江国际新能源投资有限公司 Mesorhizobium KDRM295 and application thereof
CN103045501B (en) * 2012-11-21 2015-03-04 中盈长江国际新能源投资有限公司 Mesorhizobium KDRM283 and application thereof
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