CN101179546A - Transmitter of transmitting code field orthogonal pilot signal and transmitting method thereof - Google Patents

Transmitter of transmitting code field orthogonal pilot signal and transmitting method thereof Download PDF

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CN101179546A
CN101179546A CNA2006101380855A CN200610138085A CN101179546A CN 101179546 A CN101179546 A CN 101179546A CN A2006101380855 A CNA2006101380855 A CN A2006101380855A CN 200610138085 A CN200610138085 A CN 200610138085A CN 101179546 A CN101179546 A CN 101179546A
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pilot
sequence
pilot signal
dft
module
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张峻峰
郁光辉
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ZTE Corp
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Abstract

The invention discloses a sender used for transmitting a pilot signal of a code domain orthogonality, which includes a transmitting antenna, a training sequence generator used for generating an M point pilot sequence. The pilot sequence for generating an M point is inputted into a DFT-S OFDM modulation module; the DFT-S OFDM modulation module modulates the received M point pilot sequence, and then transmits the modulated pilot signal to a framing module; and the frame module is used for receiving the pilot sequence modulated by the DFT-S OFDM modulation module, and then the modulated pilot is assembled to a bus-frame and is transmitted to the antenna for transmission. The invention also discloses a transmission method of the pilot signal of the code domain orthogonality.

Description

The transmitter of the pilot signal of transmitting code field orthogonal and launching technique thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of data communication technology, specifically, relate to the transmitter and the launching technique thereof of the pilot signal of transmitting code field orthogonal among a kind of 3GPP LTE.
Background technology
In radio communication, be vital to obtaining of channel information, the wireless communication system of the practical application channel estimation technique that will adopt certain form without exception almost.Adaptive channel equalizer utilizes channel information to resist the influence of ISI; Diversity technique is utilized channel estimating, realizes the receiver with receive channel signal optimum Match; Maximum Likelihood Detection makes the receiving terminal mistake minimize by channel estimating.The another one important benefit of channel estimating is that it makes correlation demodulation become possibility.Therefore the channel estimating important ring that in any one wireless communication system, all is absolutely necessary.
Channel estimating is divided into blind Channel Estimation and pilot channel estimation.Because the blind Channel Estimation complexity is high and systematic function is lost, and remains the preferred practical plan of current most systems based on the non-blind Channel Estimation of pilot tone.The long speed that can influence communication of the pilot data that inserts too shortly can not effectively estimate channel parameter again, so the optimal design of pilot tone just seems most important.
The design of channel estimating mainly contains two problems: the one, and the selection of pilot frequency information, because the time variation of wireless channel needs receiver constantly channel to be followed the tracks of, so pilot signal also must constantly transmit; The 2nd, existing lower complexity has the design of the channel estimator of good pilot tracking capability again.
Future mobile communications is to the requirement of up link: as support scalable bandwidth, and moderate PAPR/CM guarantees the orthogonality of uplink etc.Under these required, single carrier transmission scheme SC-FDMA had lower PAPR, can improve the validity of power and increase coverage, became to obtain numerous supports, the most promising technology in the current uplink scheme.SC-FDMA can be divided into the IFDMA of time domain generation and the DFT-SOFDM that frequency domain generates according to the difference of the method for signal generation.Because up DFT-S OFDM technology and descending OFDM scheme have similar structure, so up-downgoing can shared a lot of parameters, so DFT-S OFDM becomes physical-layer techniques the most promising in the uplink.
In the DFT-S ofdm system, the design of pilot tone and corresponding channel estimation scheme mainly comprise based on the pilot design scheme of frequency domain quadrature with based on the pilot design scheme of sign indicating number territory quadrature.Frequency domain orthogonal guide frequency scheme is that multi-user's pilot frequency sequence frequency division multiplexing and multiplex mode is identical with data block, different user subcarrier quadrature on frequency domain.Sign indicating number territory orthogonal guide frequency scheme is meant the pilot frequency sequence that utilizes the pilot frequency sequence orthogonality to distinguish different user, and carries out channel estimating according to this, and the different user subcarrier is quadrature on the sign indicating number territory.The orthogonality of sign indicating number sequence not only makes the pilot tone of different user distinguish mutually, and makes it present the trend of white noiseization, has reduced interference each other.Enough satisfy in code length under the prerequisite of demand of the number of users that same subframe dispatches simultaneously, a sign indicating number sequence can adopt any orthogonal code, as orthogonal codes such as CAZAC sign indicating number, PN sign indicating number, OVSF, Hadamard.
In the frequency domain orthogonal guide frequency scheme, because the complete quadrature of pilot tone between the different user of same sub-district, so the number of users in same sub-district is more for a long time, performance is better relatively, but more serious in the co-channel interference of cell edge.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem that this aspect solved provides a kind of transmitter of pilot signal of transmitting code field orthogonal, can reduce the co-channel interference of cell edge.
Technical scheme is as follows:
The transmitter of the pilot signal of transmitting code field orthogonal comprises transmitting antenna, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
The training sequence maker is used to generate the pilot frequency sequence that M is ordered, and the pilot frequency sequence that M is ordered is sent into DFT-S OFDM modulation module then;
DFT-S OFDM modulation module is modulated the pilot frequency sequence that the M that receives is ordered, and the pilot signal after the modulation is sent to into frame module;
Become frame module, receive the pilot frequency sequence after DFT-S OFDM modulation module is modulated,, export described transmitting antenna to and transmit the synthetic subframe of the pilot group after the modulation.
Preferably, described DFT-S OFDM modulation module comprises M point modular converter, subcarrier mapping block and N point IFFT module; Wherein,
M point modular converter is used for converting time domain sequences to frequency domain sequence;
The subcarrier mapping block is used to finish the mapping of the subcarrier that M point subcarrier in the frequency domain orders to N;
N point IFFT module is used for frequency domain training sequence is converted to time-domain training sequence.
Another technical problem solved by the invention provides the launching technique of the pilot signal of a kind of yard territory quadrature, can reduce the co-channel interference of cell edge.
Technical scheme is as follows:
The launching technique of the pilot signal of sign indicating number territory quadrature comprises the steps:
(1) generates the orthogonal pilot frequency sequence that M is ordered;
(2) orthogonal pilot frequency sequence is carried out DFT-S OFDM modulation;
(3) pilot signal after the emission framing.
Preferably, step (2) is specially:
(21) the M point is done DFT or FFT conversion, convert time domain sequences to frequency domain sequence;
(22) do the subcarrier mapping that M point subcarrier is ordered to N in the frequency domain;
(23) the IFFT module of ordering by N is converted to time-domain training sequence with frequency domain training sequence.
Preferably, in the step (23), add Cyclic Prefix before time-domain training sequence, form Short Block, this Short Block is used for the effective information of guard signal, eliminates intersymbol interference.
Preferably, step (3) is specially: become frame module according to defined frame structure ShortBlock and the Long Block that generates to be combined into a subframe, export transmitting antenna to and transmit.
Sign indicating number territory orthogonal guide frequency scheme adopts CAZAC sequence not of the same clan in different sub-districts, compares with frequency domain orthogonal guide frequency scheme, can reduce the co-channel interference of potential interference, the especially cell edge of minizone greatly.In addition, sign indicating number territory orthogonal guide frequency scheme is compared with frequency domain orthogonal guide frequency scheme, because each user's pilot energy all will be distributed on all subcarriers of channel, therefore can estimate the impulse response of whole frequency domain channel, not only can obtain frequency diversity gain and spreading gain, can also be used in combination easily based on the frequency domain dispatching of CQI (Channel Quality Indicator) with based on numerous technology such as SFBC/STBC of many antennas.
Technical solution of the present invention can be finished the complete estimation to the channel impulse response of single user and multi-user's number, is beneficial to carry out to received signal in signal detector balanced and or in the scheduling of channel quality.Simultaneously, can also improve the interference free performance and the complexity performance of channel estimating.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1-A is the code field pilot channel estimating system block diagram of single user system;
Fig. 1-B is the code field pilot channel estimating system block diagram of multi-user system;
Fig. 2 is the subframe structure block diagram of DFT-S ofdm system;
Fig. 3 is a CAZAC cyclic shift schematic diagram;
Fig. 4 is the structured flowchart of CAZAC pilot frequency sequence maker;
Fig. 5 is the structured flowchart of DFT-S OFDM modulation module;
Embodiment
With reference to the accompanying drawings, the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described in detail.
Fig. 1-A is the code field pilot channel estimating system block diagram of single user system; Fig. 1-B is the code field pilot channel estimating system block diagram of multi-user system.
Shown in Fig. 1-A and Fig. 1-B, the first half is the transmitter of the pilot signal of transmitting code field orthogonal, and the latter half is the receiver of the pilot signal of receiving code field orthogonal.
Fig. 2 is the subframe structure block diagram of DFT-S ofdm system.
As shown in Figure 2, in the DFT-S ofdm system, a complete frame structure comprises the subframe of 20 0.5ms, each subframe is made up of 6 Long Block and 2 Short Block, wherein, ShortBlock is used for transmission of reference signals, and Long Block is used for transmitting user data.
The transmitter of the pilot signal of transmitting code field orthogonal comprises training sequence maker, DFT-S OFDM modulation module, becomes frame module, transmitting antenna.
The training sequence maker at first generates the pilot frequency sequence that M is ordered, and the pilot frequency sequence that M is ordered is sent into DFT-S OFDM modulation module and modulated then, and the pilot tone after the modulation send the framing module combinations to become a subframe, exports transmitting antenna to and transmits.
The receiver of the pilot signal of receiving code field orthogonal comprises frame decomposing module, DFT-S OFDM demodulation module, channel estimating interference cancellation module.
Reception antenna receives the time domain wireless signal that contains yard pilot signal of territory quadrature, the frame decomposing module is at first carried out the subframe operation splitting to the time-domain signal that reception antenna receives, the time-domain pilot signal of the sign indicating number territory quadrature that obtains from the subframe signal, separating, by DFT-S OFDM demodulation module it is carried out demodulation DFT-S OFDM then, pilot signal after the demodulation removes multi-user interference by the channel estimating interference cancellation module and multipath disturbs, output user's time domain or domain channel response.
The rudimentary algorithm of receiving terminal estimation multipath channel is considered single user situation.The pilot signal of unique user can be expressed as at receiving terminal through behind the multipath transmisstion:
r＝s 1h 1+s 2h 2+…+s ph p
Wherein, r represents received signal sequence, s jBe the corresponding circulation CAZAC sequence of each multipath equivalence, h jBe the channel time domain impulse response of each multipath correspondence, p represents multipath number.
To equation two ends while premultiplication s j *(s jConjugate transpose), be zero characteristic according to the circulation autocorrelation of CAZAC sequence.
s j * r = s j * s 1 h 1 + s j * s 2 h 2 + . . . + s j * s p h p = | s j | 2 h j
So, can obtain each impulse response directly of time domain channel h ‾ j = s j * r | s j | 2
According to the time domain impulse response and the corresponding time-delay thereof of each bar multipath, it is made the frequency domain response that Fourier transform can obtain multipath channel.
Consider multi-user's situation, a plurality of users' transmission information can be expressed as r=s at receiving terminal after by multipath transmisstion 1,1h 1,1+ s 1,2h 1,2+ ... + s 1, ph 1, p+ ... + s I, 1h I, 1+ s I, 2h I, 2+ ... + s I, ph I, p+
Wherein, first i of following target represents the different user numbering.Similar with single user code territory orthogonal pilot channels estimation scheme, equation two ends premultiplication s I, j *(s I, jThe Hermitian transposition), be again zero characteristic according to the circulation autocorrelation of CAZAC sequence, and the low their cross correlation of CAZAC sequence not of the same clan, can obtain the impulse response in each footpath of time domain channel h ‾ i , j ≈ s i , j * r | s i , j | 2 .
As shown in Figure 3, the training sequence maker generates the CAZAC pilot frequency sequence that M is ordered, and the create-rule of this CAZAC sequence is as follows:
1, the user of different districts uses CAZAC pilot frequency sequence not of the same clan.
Has good accurate orthogonality between CAZAC sequence not of the same clan, in order to minimize the interference among multiple users that belongs to different districts.
2, the user in the same sub-district uses CAZAC pilot frequency sequence of the same clan as far as possible.
The CAZAC sequence has desirable circulation autocorrelation, in order to minimize the interference between different user in the single subdistrict.
3, when the multi-user's number in the same sub-district during, can consider to use CAZAC pilot frequency sequence not of the same clan greater than CAZAC number of pilot sequences of the same clan.
Length is N GThe generation expression formula of CAZAC sequence as follows:
S u＝(a u(0)b，a u(1)b，...，a u(N G-1)b)
Wherein, b is that amplitude is 1 multiple scalar factor.Simultaneously
a u ( k ) = exp ( - j 2 πu k ( k + 1 ) / 2 + qk N G )
Wherein, u=1 ..., N GThe-1st, family's sequence number of CAZAC sequence, k=0,1 ... N G-1, q is an arbitrary integer.
CAZAC sequence not of the same clan can embody by the different sequence number u of family, can see, because the value of u is a lot, so this system can support a lot of sub-districts.
With reference to shown in Figure 4, the cyclic shift process is described in detail.For the CAZAC sequence with gang, the multi-user's number that can support is limited.Maximum number of user N UE max = [ N G CP × m n ] . Wherein, m=N G=M, n=N, under the 5M bandwidth condition, M=151, N=256, CP=31 can get N UEmax=8.Calculate if take 50 subcarriers, support 6 users altogether according to every user's data information, therefore, can be with the every cyclic shift of original M position CAZAC sequence Be dispensed to a user behind the position, as the pilot tone training sequence.
Because the CAZAC sequence is to the specific (special) requirements of sequence length, M need get prime number just can guarantee good orthogonality.Therefore, when regulation pilot tone among the Short Block takies sub-carrier number and is non-prime number, the nearest prime number of desirable distance regulation sub-carrier number in the reality.But the concrete value table of comparisons one, for example, under the 5M bandwidth condition, to take sub-carrier number be 150 points to the regulation pilot tone among the Short Block, actual desirable M=151.
Table one is the actual carrier number that takies among the SB
Bandwidth 1.25MHz 2.5MH z 5MHz 10MH z 15MH z 20MH z
IFFT size (N) 64 128 256 512 768 1024
Regulation takies sub-carrier number 37 75 150 300 450 600
The actual sub-carrier number (M) that takies 37 73 151 293 449 601
As shown in Figure 5, the internal structure and the processing method of DFT-S OFDM modulation module have been disclosed.After generating the pilot tone training sequence, at first, to doing M point DFT or FFT conversion, time domain sequences is converted to frequency domain by M point modular converter.Then, finish the subcarrier mapping that M point subcarrier is ordered to N in the frequency domain to N subcarrier mapping block, come down to the spread spectrum on the frequency domain by M.Concrete grammar can adopt the centralized mapping method, promptly to the terminal null value of inserting of M point sequence signal, obtains the spread-spectrum signal that N is ordered.
B i ( k ) = a i ( k ) if 0 < k &le; M 0 if M < k &le; N
After finishing frequency domain spread spectrum, need do the conversion of frequency domain-time domain, promptly, frequency domain training sequence is converted to time-domain training sequence by N point IFFT module to frequency-region signal.
Add Cyclic Prefix and form a Short Block before time-domain training sequence, the effective information of guard signal is eliminated intersymbol interference.Cyclic Prefix is duplicating of training sequence tail portion, is attached to the training sequence front end, and length is equal to or greater than the maximum delay of channel, though signal by the time channel that looses, also can guarantee the orthogonality between subchannel, avoid intersymbol interference (ISI).Here getting circulating prefix-length is 31 points.
Under multi-user's situation, be 6 such as number of users, be τ each user's relative time delay 1, τ 2..., τ 6, be without loss of generality, make and satisfy 0 ≡ τ its relative time delay 1=min{ τ 1, τ 2..., τ 6}≤τ 2≤ ... ≤ τ 6≡ max{ τ 1, τ 2..., τ 6.
If
Figure A20061013808500111
Wherein
Figure A20061013808500112
The nearest integer of distance alpha between expression zero and the real number α.For user i, establishing its multipath channel memory span is L i(with chip period T cBe the interval).It is L that time domain pilot training sequence behind the spread spectrum is added length gCyclic Prefix, L wherein gSatisfy L g〉=max{ α 1, α 2..., α 6}+max{L i}-1, the Short Block pilot signal that obtains adding behind the Cyclic Prefix is s i(k), that is:
s i ( k ) = b i ( k + N - L g ) if 0 < k &le; L g b i ( k - L g ) if L g < k &le; M g
Wherein, M g=L g+ N.Here establish L gLess than N.
s i(k) be the pilot signal that Short Block sends in subframe of user i.
Becoming the effect of frame module is that 2 Short Block and 6 Long Block that will generate according to defined frame structure are combined into a subframe, export transmitting antenna to and transmit.The frame decomposing module is at first carried out the subframe operation splitting to the time-domain signal that reception antenna receives, and obtains the Short Block that separates from the subframe signal.

Claims (6)

1. the transmitter of the pilot signal of a transmitting code field orthogonal comprises transmitting antenna, it is characterized in that, also comprises:
The training sequence maker is used to generate the pilot frequency sequence that M is ordered, and the pilot frequency sequence that M is ordered is sent into DFT-S OFDM modulation module then;
DFT-S OFDM modulation module is modulated the pilot frequency sequence that the M that receives is ordered, and the pilot signal after the modulation is sent to into frame module;
Become frame module, receive the pilot frequency sequence after DFT-S OFDM modulation module is modulated,, export described transmitting antenna to and transmit the synthetic subframe of the pilot group after the modulation.
2. the transmitter of the pilot signal of transmitting code field orthogonal according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described DFT-S OFDM modulation module comprises M point modular converter, subcarrier mapping block and N point IFFT module; Wherein,
M point modular converter is used for converting time domain sequences to frequency domain sequence;
The subcarrier mapping block is used to finish the mapping of the subcarrier that M point subcarrier in the frequency domain orders to N;
N point IFFT module is used for frequency domain training sequence is converted to time-domain training sequence.
3. the launching technique of the pilot signal of a sign indicating number territory quadrature comprises the steps:
(1) generates the orthogonal pilot frequency sequence that M is ordered;
(2) orthogonal pilot frequency sequence is carried out DFT-S OFDM modulation;
(3) pilot signal after the emission framing.
4. the launching technique of the pilot signal of sign indicating number according to claim 3 territory quadrature is characterized in that step (2) is specially:
(21) the M point is done DFT or FFT conversion, convert time domain sequences to frequency domain sequence;
(22) do the subcarrier mapping that M point subcarrier is ordered to N in the frequency domain;
(23) the IFFT module of ordering by N is converted to time-domain training sequence with frequency domain training sequence.
5. the launching technique of the pilot signal of sign indicating number according to claim 4 territory quadrature is characterized in that, in the step (23); before time-domain training sequence, add Cyclic Prefix; form Short Block, this Short Block is used for the effective information of guard signal, eliminates intersymbol interference.
6. the launching technique of the pilot signal of sign indicating number according to claim 3 territory quadrature, it is characterized in that, step (3) is specially: become frame module according to defined frame structure Short Block and the Long Block that generates to be combined into a subframe, export transmitting antenna to and transmit.
CNA2006101380855A 2006-11-07 2006-11-07 Transmitter of transmitting code field orthogonal pilot signal and transmitting method thereof Withdrawn CN101179546A (en)

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102308541A (en) * 2009-02-04 2012-01-04 阿科恩科技公司 Two-steps least squares time domain channel estimation for OFDM systems
CN102119514B (en) * 2008-08-20 2014-10-15 高通股份有限公司 A method and apparatus for sharing signals on a single channel
CN108023850A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-05-11 深圳市锐能微科技有限公司 A kind of wireless communications method and device

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN102119514B (en) * 2008-08-20 2014-10-15 高通股份有限公司 A method and apparatus for sharing signals on a single channel
US8902862B2 (en) 2008-08-20 2014-12-02 Qualcomm Incorporated Method and apparatus for sharing signals on a single channel
CN102308541A (en) * 2009-02-04 2012-01-04 阿科恩科技公司 Two-steps least squares time domain channel estimation for OFDM systems
US8761274B2 (en) 2009-02-04 2014-06-24 Acorn Technologies, Inc. Least squares channel identification for OFDM systems
CN102308541B (en) * 2009-02-04 2016-05-25 阿科恩科技公司 Two-step least square time domain channel for ofdm system is estimated
CN108023850A (en) * 2017-11-17 2018-05-11 深圳市锐能微科技有限公司 A kind of wireless communications method and device

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