CN101177769B - Plasma spraying direct rapid manufacturing method for mushy material - Google Patents
Plasma spraying direct rapid manufacturing method for mushy material Download PDFInfo
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- CN101177769B CN101177769B CN2007100537026A CN200710053702A CN101177769B CN 101177769 B CN101177769 B CN 101177769B CN 2007100537026 A CN2007100537026 A CN 2007100537026A CN 200710053702 A CN200710053702 A CN 200710053702A CN 101177769 B CN101177769 B CN 101177769B
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Abstract
The invention relates to a multiple pore material direct and quick plasma spraying production method, pertaining to the production field of medium and high melting point porous material. Firstly a spraying matrix pretreatment is conducted, and the preheating temperature is controlled between 80 DEG C and 600 DEG C; then a spraying gun is employed to scan the matrix according to a preset scanning track, and the scan line interval is 8mm to 40 mm, the scan speed of the spraying gun is 0.2 m/s to 0.6m/s, a powder feeding rate is 5g/min to 40g/min, and a value range of an included angle Alpha angulated by the spraying gun and a matrix surface is between 10 DEG C and 90 DEG C, wherein Alpha can equal to 10 DEG C or 90 DEG C. The included angle Alpha can be constant or varied according to the requirements of a pore gradient. The production cost of the invention is low, and the preparation cycle is comparatively low, thus the porosity and porosity variation of the material can be flexibly controlled. Pore materials with a homogeneous structure can be prepared by spraying at a fixed spraying angle. Pore materials with a gradient changed structure can be prepared by controlling the variation of the spraying angle. The invention is applicable in the preparation of the batch products with a plurality of varieties.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the manufacturing field of middle and high fusing point porous material, be specifically related to a kind of plasma spraying direct rapid manufacturing method of mushy material.
Background technology
The application of mushy material is in order to adapt to the needs of novel material in high-tech sector, satisfies needs such as increasing specific surface area, ventilative, accelerated reaction, heat insulation, heat radiation and filtration and a kind of novel texture and the functional materials developed.Method early has powder sintered preparation method, liquid metal foaming and electrochemical vapor deposition etc.Powder sintering adopts powder compression and sintering process to obtain gap material with holes.The liquid metal foaming adopts so-called foaming technique to form pore texture at material internal.Electrochemical vapor deposition adopts electrolysis or condensation technology to realize the preparation of porous material.
Patent of invention document CN1665057 has announced a kind of preparation method of anode of solid oxide fuel cell basement membrane, this method prepares biscuit by curtain coating, in air, carry out normal pressure-sintered, the normal pressure reduction obtains with NiO and YSZ compound porous metalloceramic material in the reducing atmosphere of 800 ℃ of following hydrogen.Patent of invention document CN1044768 discloses a kind of method and this filter product of making strainer.This strainer has adopted porous metal matrix, is that the slurries of the metal oxide particle of 0.2-1.0 micron are coated onto on the porous metal matrix and dry with diameter, and heating makes the particle sintering together then.But patent of invention document CN1039073 has announced a kind of technology of metal porous layer of preparation electrolytic deposition.This technology is immersed in a support material in the electrolytic medium that contains this metal ion species, and make this metal when having a kind of oxidizing substance to exist electrolytic deposition on this support material.Thereby this oxidizing substance and this metal reaction and form a kind of product that under mode of deposition, can be reduced and prepare porous metallic layers.Above-mentioned preparation method has obtained successful Application in some fields, but manufacturing cost is all than higher, and preparation cycle is longer, and is relatively poor for the controllability of the selectivity of material and hole.Above-mentioned preparation method can not prepare the pore texture with graded.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of plasma spraying direct rapid manufacturing method of mushy material, this method low cost of manufacture, preparation cycle is short, be applicable to the preparation of various middle high-melting-point mushy materials, for the even porous material porosity of control material neatly, for the variation of control material internal void neatly of gradient-porosity material.
The plasma spraying direct rapid manufacturing method of mushy material provided by the invention, its step comprises:
(1) the spraying matrix is carried out pre-treatment, wherein preheating temperature is controlled at 80 ℃ to 600 ℃;
(2) adopt spray gun according to the track while scan of setting in the enterprising line scanning of matrix, scan line spacings is that 8mm is to 40mm, the spray gun sweep velocity be 0.2m/s to 0.6m/s, powder sending quantity be 5g/min to 40g/min, the span of the angle α of spray gun and matrix surface is 10 °≤α≤90.
In technique scheme, the angle α of spray gun and matrix surface can be constant or be required to change according to porosity gradient.
The present invention utilizes plasma spraying method, spray mo(u)lding on two and three dimensions spraying basal plane.Coat-thickness is between 0.05mm to 3mm.Utilized plasma spraying method to carry out material preparation all is the compactness of pursuing material in the past, the present invention utilizes the porosity of spray parameters and spray formation spare relation to carry out the preparation of porous material, and spray angle influences rule as shown in Figure 1 to coating porosity.Can form endoporus or through hole in drip molding, porosity can be controlled at 4% to 40%.The present invention can also prepare the gradient-porosity material, realizes the graded of hole at material internal.The inventive method is simple, and control is accurately convenient, flexible process adjustment, and material adaptability is very extensive, is particularly useful for the preparation of high-melting-point porous material in metal, alloy, metal oxide, pottery and the intermetallic compound etc.The present invention is applicable to that many kinds become the preparation demand of bulk article.The material that can prepare characteristics such as, damping heat insulation, filtration or bigger serface fast such as having, thereby have very high using value in fields such as aerospace, biology, chemical industry and the energy.
Description of drawings
What Fig. 1 was a spray angle to coating porosity influences the rule synoptic diagram;
Fig. 2 shows little photo for the sprayed coating cross section 100 of embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 shows little photo for the sprayed coating cross section 100 of embodiment 2;
Fig. 4 shows little photo for the sprayed coating cross section 100 of embodiment 3.
Embodiment
The plasma spraying direct rapid manufacturing method of mushy material provided by the invention, its step comprises:
(1) material is prepared.The dusting material of choosing to be painted is sieved and dry for standby.Be ready to nitrogen or argon gas simultaneously as work gas and protection gas.
(2) spraying substrate pretreated.The spraying matrix can be metal or pottery etc.The preparation of metallic matrix comprises the rust cleaning of spraying basal plane, hacking, cleaning, drying and warm; The preparation of ceramic matrix comprises cleaning and preheating.Above-mentioned preheating temperature is controlled at 80 ℃ to 600 ℃.
(3) adopt spray gun that matrix is sprayed:
Fixed angle spraying: adopt spray gun according to the track while scan of setting in the enterprising line scanning of matrix, scan line spacings is that 8mm is to 40mm, the spray gun sweep velocity is that 0.2m/s is to 0.6m/s, powder sending quantity is that 5g/min is to 40g/min, require angle α with spray gun and matrix surface to be set at a steady state value according to goal porosity and spray, the span of angle α is: 15 °≤α≤90.Can obtain meeting the porous material of goal porosity and porous nickel distribution.
Angle changing spraying: adopt spray gun according to the track while scan of setting in the enterprising line scanning of matrix, scan line spacings be 8mm to 40mm, the spray gun sweep velocity be 0.2m/s to 0.6m/s, powder sending quantity is that 5g/min is to 40g/min.Require the mapping relations of respective settings spray angle with the spray gun scanning times according to goal porosity and porosity gradient variation, the variation range of the angle α value of spray gun and matrix surface is: 10 °≤α≤90.Spray and to obtain meeting the porous material that goal porosity and hole change in gradient along thickness direction by setting mapping relations.
According to above-mentioned embodiment, further specify the implementation step and the substantive features of present method below by embodiments of the invention, but the present invention only limits to following embodiment absolutely not.
Embodiment 1
The iron powder of choosing 70 μ m sieves and dries, and the powder feeder powder bucket of packing into is after cooling prepared connection work gas argon gas.No. 45 steel plates that will be of a size of 100mm * 100mm eliminate rust, hacking, cleaning, drying and be preheating to 130 degrees centigrade.Formulate the Control During Paint Spraying by Robot track according to the steel plate shape, the spray gun sweep velocity is 0.3m/s, and powder sending quantity is 10g/min, and scan line spacings is 12mm.Simultaneously spray angle is set at 90 degree, promptly spray gun sprays scan round basal plane 90 times perpendicular to the spraying basal plane.Sprayed coating cross section 100 shows little photo as shown in Figure 2.Recording coating porosity is 4.5%.
Embodiment 2
The iron powder of choosing 70 μ m sieves and dries, and the powder feeder powder bucket of packing into is after cooling prepared connection work gas argon gas.No. 45 steel plates that will be of a size of 100mm * 100mm eliminate rust, hacking, cleaning, drying and be preheating to 130 degrees centigrade.Formulate the Control During Paint Spraying by Robot track according to the steel plate shape, the spray gun sweep velocity is 0.3m/s, and powder sending quantity is 10g/min, and scan line spacings is 12mm.Simultaneously spray angle is set at 30 degree and sprays scan round basal plane 90 times.Sprayed coating cross section 100 shows little photo as shown in Figure 3.Recording coating porosity is 19.6%.
Embodiment 3
The iron powder of choosing 70 μ m sieves and dries, and the powder feeder powder bucket of packing into is after cooling prepared connection work gas argon gas.No. 45 steel plates that will be of a size of 100mm * 100mm eliminate rust, hacking, cleaning, drying and be preheating to 130 degrees centigrade.Formulate the Control During Paint Spraying by Robot track according to the steel plate shape, the spray gun sweep velocity is 0.3m/s, and powder sending quantity is 10g/min, and scan line spacings is 12mm.Simultaneously spray angle is set at 15 degree and sprays scan round basal plane 90 times.Sprayed coating cross section 100 shows little photo as shown in Figure 4.Recording coating porosity is 37.3%.
Embodiment 4
Choose the iron powder of 70 μ m, sieve and dry, the powder feeder powder bucket of packing into is after cooling prepared connection work gas argon gas.No. 45 steel plates that will be of a size of 100mm * 100mm eliminate rust, hacking, cleaning, drying and be preheating to 130 degrees centigrade.Formulate the Control During Paint Spraying by Robot track according to the steel plate shape, the spray gun sweep velocity is 0.3m/s, and powder sending quantity is 10g/min, and scan line spacings is 12mm.Spray angle is initially set 10 degree, and every scanning increases by 10 with spray angle 10 times spends, and scan round basal plane 90 times obtains the linear gradient porous material.
Choose the iron powder of 70 μ m, sieve and dry, the powder feeder powder bucket of packing into is after cooling prepared connection work gas argon gas.No. 45 steel plates that will be of a size of 100mm * 100mm eliminate rust, hacking, cleaning, drying and be preheating to 130 degrees centigrade.Formulate the Control During Paint Spraying by Robot track according to the steel plate shape, the spray gun sweep velocity is 0.3m/s, and powder sending quantity is 10g/min, and scan line spacings is 12mm.Scan round basal plane 90 times obtains the nonlinear gradient porous material.Spray angle is pressed the scheme shown in the table 1 and is set:
The mapping relations example of table 1 spray angle and scanning times
| Scanning times (inferior) | 1-20 | 21-40 | 41-50 | 51-60 | 61-70 | 71-80 | 81-90 |
| Spray angle (°) | 15 | 20 | 30 | 45 | 60 | 75 | 90 |
Claims (1)
1. the plasma spraying direct rapid manufacturing method of a mushy material, its step comprises:
(1) the spraying matrix is carried out pre-treatment, wherein preheating temperature is controlled at 80 ℃ to 600 ℃;
(2) adopt spray gun according to the track while scan of setting in the enterprising line scanning of matrix, scan line spacings is that 8mm is to 40mm, the spray gun sweep velocity be 0.2m/s to 0.6m/s, powder sending quantity be 5g/min to 40g/min, the span of the angle α of spray gun and matrix surface is 10 °≤α≤30 °; The angle α of spray gun and matrix surface is constant, perhaps requires to change according to porosity gradient.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100537026A CN101177769B (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2007-10-30 | Plasma spraying direct rapid manufacturing method for mushy material |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100537026A CN101177769B (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2007-10-30 | Plasma spraying direct rapid manufacturing method for mushy material |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101177769A CN101177769A (en) | 2008-05-14 |
| CN101177769B true CN101177769B (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN2007100537026A Expired - Fee Related CN101177769B (en) | 2007-10-30 | 2007-10-30 | Plasma spraying direct rapid manufacturing method for mushy material |
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Families Citing this family (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN102268506B (en) * | 2011-07-06 | 2013-03-27 | 华中科技大学 | Method for preparing nodular cast iron |
| CN103730738B (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2016-03-02 | 太仓派欧技术咨询服务有限公司 | A kind of gradient-porosity type structure inhales ripple integrated material |
| CN106521218B (en) * | 2016-11-28 | 2020-12-08 | 中国人民解放军装甲兵工程学院 | Gradient porosity porous metal material and preparation method thereof |
| CN112270082B (en) * | 2020-10-23 | 2022-12-23 | 山东大学 | Preparation method of tangential functional gradient coating based on equal impact angle line |
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2007
- 2007-10-30 CN CN2007100537026A patent/CN101177769B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Non-Patent Citations (3)
| Title |
|---|
| Haiou Zhang.Rapid hard tooling by plasma spraying for injection molding and sheet metal forming.Thin Solid Films.2001,3907-12. * |
| 王桂兰等.SOFC梯度功能PEN部件的等离子熔射数字化制造.华中科技大学学报（自然科学版）35 9.2007,35(9),12-14. |
| 王桂兰等.SOFC梯度功能PEN部件的等离子熔射数字化制造.华中科技大学学报(自然科学版)35 9.2007,35(9),12-14. * |
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