CN101173988A - Method for confirming underground oil-gas reservoir construction - Google Patents

Method for confirming underground oil-gas reservoir construction Download PDF

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CN101173988A
CN101173988A CNA2006101142537A CN200610114253A CN101173988A CN 101173988 A CN101173988 A CN 101173988A CN A2006101142537 A CNA2006101142537 A CN A2006101142537A CN 200610114253 A CN200610114253 A CN 200610114253A CN 101173988 A CN101173988 A CN 101173988A
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CN101173988B (en
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张建磊
田振平
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BGP Inc
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Abstract

The invention relates to a reconstruction method of p and s-wave disintegration elastic wave used for oil exploration, comprising the following procedures: first, determining reconstruction parameters during wave field reconstruction according to actual parameters acquired by a observation system; second, reading a velocity field and a density field of lengthwise and transverse wave layers which is in conformity with the local underground geological structure and is acquired through seismic data in the early phase; third, performing interpolation for a disintegration field again according to the parameters of the observation system and the disintegration field; fourth, performing the acquired wave field reconstruction record processing identical to the actual data to acquire a corresponding profile; fifth, comparing a reconstruction profile and a data collection profile to determine oil gas reservoir structure. The invention has the advantages of effective wave field reconstruction under two-dimensional condition, applicability to wave field reconstruction of any complex structure, ability to determine underground oil gas reservoir structure, high precision and efficiency and low frequency dispersion.

Description

A kind of method of descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely
Technical field
The present invention relates to wave-field reconstruction and the method for descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely in petroleum prospecting and the exploitation, a kind of specifically under staggered-mesh, realize have wave-field reconstruction precision height, rebuild the efficient height and frequency dispersion low, and the p ripple s wavelength-division of can large-scale promotion the using elastic wave of the separating method of rebuilding and descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely.
Background technology
In the reflection wave seismic prospecting, we are by adopting focus (explosive source on ground, vibroseis or weight focus) to excite what obtain be the reflective information (as seismologic record) that comes from underground geologic bodies, need (comprise static correction by a series of seismic data processing for the reflective information that has obtained, normal moveout correction, stack and skew or the like) obtain being used for the imaging section (comprising stacked section and migrated section) and the velocity field (comprising stacking velocity field and interval velocity field) of geologic interpretation, imitate the reflective information (process of this reconstruction underground geologic bodies reflective information also is referred to as the wave-field reconstruction process) that open-air earthquake data acquisition process is rebuild geologic body according to the interval velocity field that obtained, then with wave-field reconstruction to reflective information and the reflective information of the open-air actual acquisition hydrocarbon reservoir structure under being analyzed definitely.
It should be noted that underground geologic bodies reflective information wave-field reconstruction and descend the process of hydrocarbon reservoir structure to play a very important role definitely for geologic interpretation, hydrocarbon reservoir structure description and hydrocarbon-bearing pool exploitation.The process energy true reappearance seismic event of wave-field reconstruction has very important meaning in the overall process of underground propagation to architectonic understanding.The input of wave-field reconstruction is the interval velocity field that early stage, the seismic data data processing obtained, and this interval velocity field meets this area's geologic feature.Obtain being similar to the seismologic record of open-air earthquake data acquisition through wave-field reconstruction.Usual condition is marched off into political wilderness, and to adopt simple component to accept seismologic record be that vertical component is accepted (be also referred to as Z component and accept promptly to accept vibrations with the surface level vertical direction) for outer earthquake data acquisition.Present many component is accepted also more and more, also accepts two components (component of directions X and Y direction) of horizontal direction except the component of accepting to come from vertical direction, and horizontal direction has only an X component under two-dimensional case.In each component, not only comprise compressional wave (also claiming the P ripple) information but also comprise shear wave (also claiming the S ripple) information (we are referred to as to mix wave field).In indoor wave-field reconstruction process, also can draw the record of each component.
Ripple can transform mutually in length and breadth in the propagation of seismic wave process, and promptly compressional wave can be converted to shear wave, and same shear wave also can be converted to compressional wave, and ripple is coupled in length and breadth.
At present, two-dimentional perfect elasticity wave equation numerical value wave-field reconstruction in homogeneous isotropic medium can only obtain the mixing wave field (not only comprising the P ripple but also comprise the S ripple in X component and the Z component) of each component, what at first will do when handling is exactly wave field separation in follow-up many ripples data (promptly comprise compressional wave in the record and change compressional wave and comprise shear wave and converted shear wave again), isolate pure P ripple and pure S ripple, but general being difficult to separated it fully.If rebuild the P ripple separately with the compressional wave equation, the shear wave equation is rebuild the S ripple separately, P ripple and conversion S ripple then can not appear in the wave field changing, thereby with the non-equivalence as a result of complete wave-field reconstruction, also can not get any reconstructed results of transformed wave, this is for the result who the descends hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely effect of can misleading.
Therefore, to guarantee at present under the prerequisite that the all-wave field information is rebuild, realize the wave-field reconstruction of decomposition fully of pure compressional wave and pure shear wave, be that the P ripple that is comprised in X component and the Z component among the wave-field reconstruction result separates fully with the S ripple, so in follow-up many ripples Data Processing, do not need to carry out wave field separation.This all has important practical sense for research propagation of seismic wave mechanism and to structure and the reservoir description of studying underground geologic bodies.
Ma Detang proposed in 2003 to use the second-order partial differential coefficient equations for elastic waves realize wavelength-division in length and breadth from the elasticity wave-field reconstruction, efficient is low, the numerical value frequency dispersion seriously is not suitable for large-scale promotion and uses but this method is rebuild.The single order partial derivative equations for elastic waves numerical value wave-field reconstruction of at present epidemic rate-stress, in this method process of reconstruction, find the solution by employing staggered-mesh method (in the process of wave field numerical reconstruction, adopting half grid computing), its major advantage is to carry out the space differentiate to the elastic constant of medium (known speed and density field), thereby the efficient of numerical value wave-field reconstruction and precision are all good than second-order partial differential coefficient equations for elastic waves.If can be implemented under the single order staggered-mesh situation complete wave field is decomposed reconstruction, use the multi-wave and multi-component wave-field reconstruction and descend hydrocarbon reservoir structure to be very helpful definitely for large-scale promotion.
Summary of the invention
The present invention provides wave-field reconstruction that a kind of p ripple s wavelength-division of can large-scale promotion using that realizes separates and the method for descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely under staggered-mesh.
Concrete implementation step of the present invention comprises:
(1) the open-air actual recording geometry acquisition parameter of foundation is determined the reconstruction parameter in the wave-field reconstruction process, (comprising shot interval, track pitch, big gun number, road number, sampling interval, road length, cautious X, the Y coordinate of big gun).
(2) read the interval velocity field of ripple in length and breadth and the density field that conform to this area's subsurface geologic structures that obtains through seismic data data processing in early stage (comprising that the single shot record to collecting carries out a series of processing such as static correction, normal moveout correction, velocity analysis, stack and skew).
(3) carry out interpolation to adapt to the needs of wave-field reconstruction to discrete again according to recording geometry parameter and discrete (p-and s-wave velocity field and density field).
(4) according to the wave field value (comprise pure P wave-wave field and pure S wave-wave field) of formula (1) on each each net point of the moment of reconstruction on discrete the basis.And with each the pure P wave-wave field at place, geophone station position and output of pure S wave-wave field constantly as this wave-field reconstruction record constantly.
(5) processing identical with real data (comprising a series of processing such as static correction, normal moveout correction, velocity analysis, stack and skew) done in the record that previous step is obtained, and obtains corresponding section (comprising stack and migrated section).
(6) section that wave-field reconstruction is obtained (stack and migrated section) is analyzed with the section (stack and migrated section) that the field data collection processing obtains, definitely the hydrocarbon reservoir structure under.
v x = v xp + v xs v z = v zp + v zs ∂ v xp ∂ t = V p 2 2 λ + 2 μ ( ∂ τ xx ∂ x + ∂ τ zz ∂ x ) ∂ v zp ∂ t V p 2 2 λ + 2 μ ( ∂ τ xx ∂ z + ∂ τ zz ∂ z ) ∂ v xs ∂ t = V s 2 [ 1 μ ∂ τ xz ∂ z - 1 2 λμ + 2 μ 2 ( ( λ + 2 μ ) ∂ τ zz ∂ x - λ ∂ τ xx ∂ x ) ] ∂ v zs ∂ t = V s 2 [ 1 μ ∂ τ xz ∂ x - 1 2 λμ + 2 μ 2 ( ( λ + 2 μ ) ∂ τ xx ∂ z - λ ∂ τ zz ∂ z ) ] ∂ τ xx ∂ t = ( λ + 2 μ ) ∂ v x ∂ x + λ ∂ v z ∂ z ∂ τ zz ∂ t = ( λ + 2 μ ) ∂ v z ∂ z + λ ∂ v x ∂ x ∂ τ xz ∂ t = μ ( ∂ v x ∂ z + ∂ v z ∂ x ) - - - ( 1 )
Method of the present invention is very effective wave-field reconstruction and a method of descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely under the two-dimensional case, mainly shows as:
1. method of the present invention has wave-field reconstruction that is applicable to any complex structure and the ability of descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely.
2. method of the present invention has precision height, efficient height and the low characteristics of frequency dispersion.Therefore this method can become the industrialization structure and proves the main method of software development.
It should be noted that: in the record that wave-field reconstruction obtains, ripple separates fully in length and breadth, does not need to carry out wave field separation in length and breadth in follow-up wave field research again.
Fig. 5 of the present invention is the real data stacked section in somewhere, for the structural feature of determining certain several the unknown in the section has designed velocity field as shown in Figure 6, has obtained stacked section shown in Figure 7 by a series of processing after wave-field reconstruction and the reconstruction.By the relatively discovery of Fig. 5 and Fig. 7, it is very good that both coincide, and also further determined the subterranean oil gas reservoir structural feature of this area.
Description of drawings
Z component that Fig. 1 staggered-mesh elastic wave wave-field reconstruction obtains and X component single shot record;
Fig. 2 is P ripple Z component and the X component record that the present invention obtains;
Fig. 3 is S ripple Z component and the X component record that the present invention obtains;
Fig. 4 is two pure P ripple and pure S ripple records that the component summation obtains among Fig. 2 and Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 is the real data stacked section in somewhere;
Fig. 6 is the velocity field shown in Fig. 5 data stacked section;
Fig. 7 is by wave-field reconstruction of the present invention and the stacked section that obtains after rebuilding.
Embodiment
The two dimension of the present invention under single order staggered-mesh wavelength-division in length and breadth separated wave-field reconstruction formula (shown in (1) formula), and by to the finding the solution of (1) formula, we can obtain the record v of pure compressional wave p=v Xp+ v ZpRecord v with pure shear wave s=v Xs+ v ZsIn the process of wave-field reconstruction, adopt the staggered-mesh method to find the solution, promptly find the solution four velocity of displacement (v earlier Xp, v Xs, v Zp, v Zs) to the partial derivative equation of time, use stress field in finding the solution; Then find the solution three stress (τ Xx, τ Zz, τ Xz) to the partial derivative equation of time, use the velocity of displacement field in finding the solution.Two the step solution procedure be interdependence.
Contain transformed wave in the pure wave record that obtains, it is different from the pure wave record (not containing the transformed wave composition) of pure compressional wave equation and pure shear wave equation wave-field reconstruction.Therefore, need not separate wave field in follow-up wave field is handled, directly application of pure compressional wave and pure shear wave record is handled just passable.
The specific embodiment of the present invention is:
(1) the open-air actual recording geometry acquisition parameter of foundation is determined the reconstruction parameter in the wave-field reconstruction process, (comprising shot interval, track pitch, big gun number, road number, sampling interval, road length, cautious X, the Y coordinate of big gun).
(2) read the interval velocity field of ripple in length and breadth and the density field that conform to this area's subsurface geologic structures that obtains through seismic data data processing in early stage (comprising that the single shot record to collecting carries out a series of processing such as static correction, normal moveout correction, velocity analysis, stack and skew).
(3) carry out interpolation to adapt to the needs of wave-field reconstruction to discrete again according to recording geometry parameter and discrete (p-and s-wave velocity field and density field).
(4) according to formula (1) and discrete wave field value of rebuilding on each each net point of the moment: velocity of displacement field: v Xp, v Xs, v ZpAnd v ZsAnd to X component (v x=v Xp+ v Xs) and Z component (v z=v Zp+ v Zs) wave field merge.Rebuild the normal stress τ on the every bit again Xx, τ ZzWith shearing stress τ XzSpeed component (v with each place, moment geophone station position p=v Xp+ v Zp, v s=v Xs+ v Zs) and the components of stress (τ Xx, τ Zz, τ Xz) as the wave-field reconstruction record of this each component constantly.
(5) processing identical with real data (comprising a series of processing such as static correction, normal moveout correction, velocity analysis, stack and skew) done in the wave-field reconstruction record that previous step is obtained, and obtains corresponding section (comprising stack and migrated section).
(6) section that wave-field reconstruction is obtained (stack and migrated section) is analyzed with the section (stack and migrated section) that the field data collection processing obtains, definitely the hydrocarbon reservoir structure under.

Claims (4)

1. method of descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely, wave-field reconstruction is separated in the p ripple s wavelength-division of using under staggered-mesh, and concrete steps comprise:
(1) the open-air actual recording geometry parameter of record, the employing conventional method is determined the parameter in the wave-field reconstruction process;
(2) read the interval velocity field of ripple in length and breadth and the density field that conform to this area's subsurface geologic structures that the seismic data data processing obtains through early stage.
(3) carry out interpolation to adapt to the needs of wave-field reconstruction to discrete again according to recording geometry parameter and discrete (p-and s-wave velocity field and density field).
(4) according to formula:
v x = v xp + v xs v z = v zp + v zs ∂ v xp ∂ t = V p 2 2 λ + 2 μ ( ∂ τ xx ∂ x + ∂ τ zz ∂ x ) ∂ v zp ∂ t = V p 2 2 λ + 2 μ ( ∂ τ xx ∂ z + ∂ τ zz ∂ z ) ∂ v xs ∂ t = V s 2 [ 1 μ ∂ τ xz ∂ z - 1 2 λμ + 2 μ 2 ( ( λ + 2 μ ) ∂ τ zz ∂ x - λ ∂ τ xx ∂ x ) ] ∂ v zs ∂ t = V s 2 [ 1 μ ∂ τ xz ∂ x - 1 2 λμ + 2 μ 2 ( ( λ + 2 μ ) ∂ τ xx ∂ z - λ ∂ τ zz ∂ z ) ] ∂ τ xx ∂ t = ( λ + 2 μ ) ∂ v x ∂ x + λ ∂ v z ∂ z ∂ τ zz ∂ t = ( λ + 2 μ ) ∂ v z ∂ z + λ ∂ v x ∂ x ∂ τ xz ∂ t = μ ( ∂ v x ∂ z + ∂ v z ∂ x )
With discrete rebuild each wave field value on each net point constantly: velocity of displacement field: v Xp, v Xs, v ZpAnd v ZsAnd to X component (v x=v Xp+ v Xs) and Z component (v z=v Zp+ v Zs) wave field merge.Rebuild the normal stress τ on the every bit again Xx, τ ZzWith shearing stress τ XzSpeed component (v with each place, moment geophone station position p=v Xp+ v Zp, v s=v Xs+ v Zs) and the components of stress (τ Xx, τ Zz, τ Xz) as the wave-field reconstruction record of this each component constantly.
(5) processing identical with real data (comprising a series of processing such as static correction, normal moveout correction, velocity analysis, stack and skew) done in the wave-field reconstruction record that previous step is obtained, and obtains corresponding section (comprising stack and migrated section).
(6) section that wave-field reconstruction is obtained (stack and migrated section) is analyzed with the section (stack and migrated section) that the field data collection processing obtains, definitely the hydrocarbon reservoir structure under.
2. a kind of method of descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the parameter in the wave-field reconstruction process comprises shot interval, track pitch, big gun number, road number, sampling interval, road length, cautious X, the Y coordinate of big gun.
3. a kind of method of descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, wave-field reconstruction is separated in elastic wave p ripple s wavelength-division under the staggered-mesh, and the ripple in length and breadth of final wave-field reconstruction output is to separate fully, forms pure compressional wave section and pure shear wave record section.
4. a kind of method of descending hydrocarbon reservoir structure definitely according to claim 1 and 2, the hydrocarbon reservoir structure under it is characterized in that being analyzed processing data behind the wave-field reconstruction and processing data in earlier stage definitely.
CN2006101142537A 2006-11-03 2006-11-03 Method for confirming underground oil-gas reservoir construction Active CN101173988B (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101598804B (en) * 2008-06-04 2012-02-29 中国石油天然气集团公司 Three-dimensional method for determining structure of underground oil-gas reservoir
CN101726761B (en) * 2008-10-15 2012-03-07 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Risk-constrained oil and gas resource spatial distribution forecasting method
CN105242313A (en) * 2015-09-06 2016-01-13 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Elastic wave reverse time migration polarity reversal correction method and system
CN110208853A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-09-06 中国地质大学（北京） The wave equation Amplitude preserving method rebuild based on free interface seismic wave field derivative
CN111830565A (en) * 2020-06-08 2020-10-27 中原工学院 KL-DSW-based TSP multi-wave field separation and noise suppression method

Family Cites Families (1)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100349008C (en) * 2004-12-29 2007-11-14 中国石油天然气集团公司 Method for carrying out inversion for wave impedance of earthquake wave

Cited By (7)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101598804B (en) * 2008-06-04 2012-02-29 中国石油天然气集团公司 Three-dimensional method for determining structure of underground oil-gas reservoir
CN101726761B (en) * 2008-10-15 2012-03-07 中国石油天然气股份有限公司 Risk-constrained oil and gas resource spatial distribution forecasting method
CN105242313A (en) * 2015-09-06 2016-01-13 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 Elastic wave reverse time migration polarity reversal correction method and system
CN105242313B (en) * 2015-09-06 2017-11-07 中国科学院地质与地球物理研究所 A kind of bearing calibration of elastic wave reverse-time migration polarity inversion and system
CN110208853A (en) * 2019-05-30 2019-09-06 中国地质大学（北京） The wave equation Amplitude preserving method rebuild based on free interface seismic wave field derivative
CN110208853B (en) * 2019-05-30 2020-07-14 中国地质大学（北京） Wave equation amplitude-preserving migration method based on free interface seismic wave field derivative reconstruction
CN111830565A (en) * 2020-06-08 2020-10-27 中原工学院 KL-DSW-based TSP multi-wave field separation and noise suppression method

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