CN101172302A - Modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique - Google Patents
Modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process of a modified water glass sand temperature core box, quartz sand with setting quantity is put in a sand mixing machine, and water glass with 2 to 4 percent of the total weight of the quartz sand is added, after the sand is mixed for 3 to 5 minutes, and then modifying agent occupying 0.5 to 5 percent of the total weight of the quartz sand is added in the sand mixing machine, the modifying agent is millimicron silicon powder, coal slag powder and mine refuse miropowder, the millimicron silicon powder occupies 40 to 80 percent of the total weight of the modifying agent, the coal slag occupies 10 to 40 percent of the total weight of the modifying agent, the mine refuse miropowder occupies 10 to 35 of the total weight of the modifying agent, after the modifying agent is added, the sand is mixed for 5 to 6 minutes; and then shape sand mixed well is put in the sand shooting barrel of a core shooting machine, when the heating temperature of the core box reaches 120 to 160 DEG C, the core shooting is performed, the core shooting pressure is 0.5 to 0.6 MPa, the core shooting time is 2 to 3 s, the sand sample is manufactured well, the mould removal is performed after being harden for 20 to 60 s, and the sand sample is taken to be manufactured. The harden temperature of the modified water glass core sand of the process is obviously lower than the core manufacturing process of a shell mold and hot core box, the invention is favor of reducing the energy consumption greatly, changes the working environment, reduces the core box deformation, and prolongs the service life of tool installation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of temperature core box core-making method, particularly relate to a kind of modified sodium silicate sand temperature core box core-making method.
Background technology
So-called hot box process is exactly hygrometric state thermosetting resin sand to be injected in the core box that is heated to uniform temperature 〉=200 ℃ with core shooter with the compressed air of 0.5～0.7Mpa, after several seconds to tens of seconds, can from hot box, take out a kind of efficient core manufacturing craft of core with sufficient intensity, this technology is as far back as nineteen fifty-nine, after developing by the Frenchman, caused the founder author's of world car and agricultural machinery attention and application very soon, now become a kind of important efficient core-making technique of China and obtained development at full speed.The hot method core manufacturing craft of China has accounted for total coremaking amount nearly about 50% in automobile industry according to statistics.But the disadvantage of hot method coremaking is, the energy consumption height, and often that the core surface is sent out is crisp because of the temperature height, or Yin Wendu crosses low and make partially hardened not saturating etc. former thereby cause various casting flaws; In addition, the cotemaker need operate under the environment of high temperature and intense stimulus smell, works under hard conditions, and therefore, is badly in need of seeking a kind of new technology.Started a kind of temperature core box core manufacturing craft to people such as U.S. Kottke in 1978, because it has the saving energy, reduce environmental pollution and improve core and plurality of advantages such as casting quality and obtain countries in the world founder author's extensive attention, and constantly replace hot method core manufacturing crafts such as hot box and shell core with warm core box technology, obtained bigger technical economic benefit.
A kind of coremaking new technology of furan resin-sand temperature core box that U.S. QO chemical company has also been studied success, it can be reduced to the core box temperature of hot method coremaking below 177 ℃.So-called warm core box core production method is meant that core box heating-up temperature scope is at a kind of core-making method of 140～180 ℃.It is applied rapidly in countries such as the U.S., Germany, France, the former Soviet Union, Japan, Korea S, adopts hot box process, shell method originally in order to replace some factory, even the cold-box process core manufacturing craft.
Temperature core box method is the improvement and the innovation of hot box process technology, compares with hot box process, and there is following advantage in this method:
A. the core box heating-up temperature is low, and it is little to consume energy.According to analysis, adopt the energy consumption rate hot box (heating-up temperature 〉=200 ℃) of warm core box technology (heating-up temperature for≤150 ℃) preparation bending strength standard specimen to reduce about 20%.In industrial production, heat core box with town gas, (but 14～21kg) energy savings 15%～25% can save energy 50% to large-scale core to centering molding sand core, improve production capacity 40%.
What overcome b. that hot box process exists is dispersed into the problem of various pernicious gases the working environment such as formaldehyde, phenol, furfuryl alcohol, ammonia etc. from the coremaking station, has improved workman's working condition.
C. improve the core quality, reduced casting defect, shortened the production cycle of core and foundry goods.The core weight 0.23～110kg of foundry goods such as the cylinder block that foundry of U.S. Berlin company produces with warm core box method, header, hydraulic test, make the gas hole defect of foundry goods drop to 0.3% from 20%, the core manufacturing cycle shortens 40%～50%, under some occasion near cold-box.Material cost is lower by 30% than shell core precoated sand, than chill sand low 10%.
D. warm core box method can continue again to continue to use original hot box shoot core machine, need not equipment investment, does not change original production process and technological process.Its operator does not need to carry out special technical training yet again, therefore is particularly suitable for the national conditions of China, has great practical value.
At present, warm in the world core box technology mainly contains three major types: be base with furane resins, be base and with polyacrylate etc. with phenolic resins.Hence one can see that, present temperature core box technology is identical with shell mould technology, hot box and cold core box process, all be to adopt organic synthetic resin to make binding agent, so warm core box technology now also exists certain problem, for example in processes such as mulling, coremaking, cast and sand removal, because many pernicious gases that the oxidation of resin, decomposition and burning produce, some or even carcinogen, can be dispersed in the atmosphere, form unmanageable environmental hazard, thereby workshop air is polluted, and working condition is poor, and human body also is subjected to harm to a certain degree.In addition, prices such as furfuryl alcohol, phenol are high, cause the production cost of foundry goods constantly soaring.
Along with the raising of 21 century civilization of human society degree, the continuous enforcement of various environmental regulations, the range of application of the organic synthetic resin binding agent that these are poisonous, harmful certainly will will progressively be restricted even ban use of.Therefore, develop the novel inorganic core binder nontoxic, pollution-free, that the complex art processing performance is good, caused countries in the world founder authors' great attention.Waterglass is exactly nontoxic, tasteless, the green casting inorganic binder that a kind of people know most, the most ancient moulding, coremaking is used, and introduces Foundry Production from the 1950's and (referring to BP, GB782205), has had the applicating history in more than 50 year so far.The water-glass sand serviceability is superior flexibly, but both also coremaking of mouldable, CO the earliest
2The gas hardening cold core box process should belong to waterglass-CO
2Method.But, CO
2The greatest problem that the petrifying water glass sand exists is that cast back collapsibility is poor, and cast cleaning and old sand reuse difficulty have seriously hindered applying of it.
Compare with resin bonded sand mould, many problems such as low modulus water glass sand exists that intensity is low, moisture resistance is poor, collapsibility is bad, cast cleaning and regenerating used reuse difficulty, perplexing founder author's time of decades always, also do not solved preferably so far.
For solving the problems referred to above that low modulus water glass sand exists, China carried out a large amount of scientific research work to water-glass sand, but has not made a breakthrough yet in considerable time.Reason is that people attempt to solve the problem of existence by adding accrete ways such as defeated and dispersed dose of various organic or inorganics, but produce little effect under low modulus sodium silicate addition condition with higher.Russia Р у с и н а В. В. wait the people to propose, in the waterglass compound of modulus≤2.0, add the accrete way of cinder, can make the adhesion strength of waterglass improve 5～10 times, because the modulus of the waterglass that adopts is too low, Na
2O content is too high, is not suitable for foundary industry, and only is widely used in building trade.Japan two Yu rise people such as U.S. and adopt heating using microwave to improve the intensity of sodium silicate sand core, waterglass addition in the sand is reduced to 1%～2%, reach the purpose of improving sodium silicate sand collapsibility, but the moisture resistance of the core of microwave irradiation is relatively poor, fails aborning to be applied.People such as Russia Ж у К О В С К И Й have found out the basic reason of sodium silicate sand collapsibility difference by test, when he thinks the cast of molten metal high temperature, water-glass sand under the effect of heat-flash, Na wherein
2O forms sintered body to the erosion and the sintering of quartz sand.The intensity of this sintered body has determined the height of water-glass sand retained strength at normal temperatures.So the formation amount of minimizing sintered body promptly reduces Na
2O is the retained strength that reduces water-glass sand to the erosion and the sintering of quartz sand, improves the basic method of its collapsibility.Therefore, reduce Na in the sand significantly
2The content of O, promptly the quantity of sodium ion is only the basic method that addresses this problem.But the long-term production practice shows that the adhesion strength of waterglass is low, if the intensity of wanting to improve the water glass type core sand correspondingly, also just must cause its collapsibility poor with regard to needing to strengthen the addition of waterglass.So the two gets both if think enough hardening strengths and superior collapsibility, just must on the basis of raising modulus of water glass, increase considerably the adhesion strength of itself.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention provides a kind of modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique, to replace the resin sand temperature core box core manufacturing craft of present application.The main feature of this technology is that modified water glass core sand solidification temperature (≤160 ℃) significantly is lower than shell mould and hot-box core making process, helps reducing greatly energy resource consumption, improves operating environment, reduces the core box distortion, prolongs the frock life-span.On the basis of eliminating the waterglass aging phenomenon, select for use the special additives of multiple superfine powder that waterglass is carried out chemical modification simultaneously, not only can increase considerably the intensity of core sand, reduce the addition of waterglass, improve the surface quality of foundry goods; Also can reduce its retained strength, improve collapsibility.Particularly waterglass is a kind of green binding material, and cost is low, resource is wide, pollution is few, and therefore, it is a kind of inorganic binder that application development prospect is arranged very much.
Major technique characteristics of the present invention are, soluble glass of high modulus is being heated the aging physical modification of elimination and it is being carried out under the prerequisite of chemical modification with aluminium, amine etc., select for use various active additives such as nano silica fume, cinder, slag micropowder that soluble glass of high modulus is carried out comprehensively modifying again, be intended to significantly improve its adhesion strength.Because, the SiO of solubility in the cinder
2, Al
2O
3The isoreactivity component when having water to exist, can with Ca (OH)
2Hydration reaction takes place, and it is good to generate gelling, higher and strong hydrated calcium silicate (C-S-H) and the aluminium silicate hydrate adhesive materials such as (A-S-H) of moisture resistance of intensity, and the generation of the two can increase substantially the intensity of water-glass sand, especially with soluble glass of high modulus sand.
But the carrying out of hydration reaction needs two preconditions, water and calcium oxide.Contain a large amount of moisture in the waterglass, can satisfy the demand of reaction.And cinder is " a congenital calcium deficiency ", and its CaO content is lower than 10%, have in addition be lower than 3.0%, be unfavorable for that successful reaction carries out.And CaO content is up to the adding of 40% slag micropowder, deficiency that can the required CaO of postreaction.
Though contain a large amount of SiO in the cinder
2And Al
2O
3, but wherein [SiO4]
4-The degree of polymerization is very high, compact structure, and chemical property is stable, and its pozzolanic activity major part is potential, and the speed of active performance is very slow.If want to accelerate the active speed of cinder performance, just need to add exciting agent, its activity excitation is come out.Waterglass itself is the exciting agent of cinder.Waterglass is the colloidal solution of sodium silicate, is strong basicity, and there is a large amount of OH in its inside
-And the cinder main component is an acidic oxide, is faintly acid, thus in alkaline environment its activity is the easiest is excited.At OH
-Effect under, the Si-O of cinder particle surface and Al-O bond fission, the degree of polymerization of Si-O-Al network polymerization body reduces, the surface forms free unsaturated reactive bond, easily and Ca (OH)
2Gelling products such as water generation reaction calcium silicates and aluminium silicate hydrate.In addition, the adding of nano silica fume can replenish active high SiO
2, help quickening the carrying out of hydration reaction.
Simultaneously, select for use soluble glass of high modulus to make core sand binder, help reducing the retained strength of cast back water-glass sand, improve collapsibility.In addition, utilize nano silica fume, cinder and slag micropowder modified water glass, owing to all contain carbon in nano silica fume and the cinder, during cast, under the high temperature action of molten metal, carbon meeting scaling loss, this cracks fine and close waterglass adhesive film, thereby significantly improves collapsibility.And in cooling procedure, nano silica fume, cinder and slag micropowder are different with the shrinkage factor of waterglass adhesive film, can play the effect of isolating adhesive film, further improve collapsibility, and following table is to have added nano-silicon in the water-glass sand of modulus 2.6
The sample intensity data that the different modified water glass of table 1 adopt warm core box technology to obtain
| Sequence number | The modified water glass modulus | Modified water glass addition (%) | The superfine powder modifier component | Superfine powder modifier addition (%) | Sand sample compression strength (MPa) | Retained strength (MPa) | ||
| Nano silica fume (%) | Cinder (%) | Slag micropowder (%) | ||||||
| 1 | 2.6 | 3 | 60 | 20 | 20 | 2 | 3.7 | 0.6 |
| 2 | 3.0 | 4 | 40 | 40 | 20 | 3 | 3.1 | 0.5 |
| 3 | 2.4 | 3 | 0 | 2.0 | 2.5 | |||
After various active additives such as powder, cinder, slag micropowder carry out modification, the sample intensity that adopts warm core box core manufacturing craft to obtain.Test data from table as can be known, superfine powder modifier not only can increase substantially the compression strength after the sclerosis of water-glass sand, and can effectively reduce its retained strength.
The technical scheme that adopts is:
Modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique comprises following processing step:
1, sand mold preparation: the quartz sand that will set quantity is put into puddle mixer, and the modulus that adds quartz sand gross weight 2%～4% again is 2.5～3.5, and density is 1.30～1.45g/cm
3Waterglass, after the mulling 3～5 minutes, in puddle mixer, add the modifier that accounts for quartz sand gross weight 0.5%～5% again, modifier is nano silica fume, cinder (0.4～100 μ m), slag micropowder (1～50 μ m), nano silica fume account for the modifier gross weight 40%～80%, cinder account for the modifier gross weight 10%～40%, slag micropowder accounts for 10%～35% of modifier gross weight, adds behind the modifier mulling 5～6 minutes.
2, core shooting: the above-mentioned molding sand that makes that mixes is put into the core shooter blasting unit, when the core box heating-up temperature reaches 120～160 ℃, carry out core shooting, core shooting pressure is 0.5～0.6Mpa, and the core shooting time is 2～3s, makes sand sample, sand sample is removed in the demoulding behind sclerosis 20～60s, and performance is detected in the cooling back.
The specific embodiment
Embodiment one
Modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique comprises following processing step:
1, sand conditioning
Add quartz sand 5000g in the puddle mixer of 5000g, adding modulus again is 2.6, and density is 1.36g/cm
3Waterglass 150g, mulling 3～5 minutes adds nano silica fume 60g, cinder (≤80 μ m) 20g, slag micropowder (≤30 μ m) 20g, mulling 5～6 minutes then.
2, core shooting
After mulling is finished, put into the blasting unit of core shooter with mixing the molding sand that makes, 150 ℃ of core box heating-up temperatures, core shooting pressure 0.5～0.6MPa penetrates under the condition of sand time 2～3s, penetrates sand and makes sand sample, but sand sample is removed in the just demoulding behind sclerosis 40～60s, and performance is detected in the cooling back.
Performance test:
Sample normal temperature compression strength: 3.7MPa
The residual compression strength of sample: 0.6MPa (be incubated 30 minutes down at 1000 ℃, be cooled to room temperature measuring)
Embodiment two
Modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique comprises the steps:
1, sand conditioning
Drop into 5000g quartz sand in puddle mixer, adding modulus again is 3.0, and density is 1.33g/cm
3Waterglass 200g, mulling 3～5 minutes adds nano silica fume 60g, cinder (≤80 μ m) 60g, slag micropowder (≤30 μ m) 30g, mulling 5～6 minutes then.
2, core shooting
After mulling is finished, put into the blasting unit of core shooter with mixing the molding sand that makes, 130 ℃ of core box heating-up temperatures, core shooting pressure 0.5～0.6MPa penetrates under the condition of sand time 2～3s, penetrates sand and makes sand sample, but sand sample is removed in the just demoulding behind sclerosis 40～60s, and performance is detected in the cooling back.
Performance test:
Sample normal temperature compression strength: 3.1MPa
The residual compression strength of sample: 0.5MPa (be incubated 30 minutes down at 1000 ℃, be cooled to room temperature measuring)
Embodiment three
Modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique comprises the steps:
1, mulling
5000g quartz sand is dropped in the puddle mixer, and adding modulus again is 2.4, and density is 1.43g/cm
3Waterglass 150g, mulling 3～5 minutes.
2, core shooting
After mulling is finished, put into the blasting unit of core shooter with mixing the molding sand that makes, 150 ℃ of core box heating-up temperatures, core shooting pressure 0.5～0.6MPa penetrates under the condition of sand time 2～3s, penetrates sand and makes sand sample, but sand sample is removed in the just demoulding behind sclerosis 40～60s, and performance is detected in the cooling back.
Performance test:
Sample normal temperature compression strength: 2.0MPa
The residual compression strength of sample: 2.5MPa (be incubated 30 minutes down at 1000 ℃, be cooled to room temperature measuring)
Claims (7)
1. modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique is characterized in that comprising following processing step:
A, sand mold preparation: the quartz sand that will set quantity is put into puddle mixer, and the modulus that adds quartz sand gross weight 2%～4% again is 2.5～3.5, and density is 1.30～1.45g/cm
3Waterglass, after the mulling 3～5 minutes, in puddle mixer, add the modifier that accounts for quartz sand gross weight 0.5～5% again, modifier is nano silica fume, cinder powder, slag micropowder, nano silica fume account for the modifier gross weight 40%～80%, cinder account for the modifier gross weight 10%～40%, slag micropowder accounts for 10%～35% of modifier gross weight, adds behind the modifier mulling 5～6 minutes;
B, core shooting: the above-mentioned molding sand that makes that mixes is put into the core shooter blasting unit, when the core box heating-up temperature reaches 120～160 ℃, carry out core shooting, core shooting pressure is 0.5～0.6Mpa, and the core shooting time is 2～3s, makes sand sample, sand sample is removed in the demoulding behind sclerosis 20～60s, and performance is detected in the cooling back.
2. modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique according to claim 1, the modulus that it is characterized in that described modified water glass is 2.5～3.5, density is 1.30～1.45g/cm
3, addition is to account for 2%～4% of sand weight.
3. modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that described modifier is nano silica fume, cinder, slag micropowder, the silica flour of receiving account for the modifier gross weight 40%～80%, cinder account for the modifier gross weight 10%～40%, slag micropowder accounts for 10%～35% of modifier gross weight,, addition is to account for 0.5%～5% of sand weight.
4. modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that described core box heating-up temperature is 120～160 ℃, and firm time is 20～60s.
5. modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique according to claim 1 is characterized in that described cinder granularity is 0.4-100 μ m, and described slag micropowder granularity is 1-50 μ m.
6. modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique according to claim 1, its feature is comprising following processing step:
A, sand conditioning
Add quartz sand 5000g in the puddle mixer of 5000g, adding modulus again is 2.6, and density is 1.36g/cm
3Waterglass 150g, mulling 3～5 minutes adds cinder 20g, the granularity≤slag micropowder 20g of 30 μ m, the mulling 5～6 minutes of nano silica fume 60g, granularity≤80 μ m then;
B, core shooting
After mulling is finished, put into the blasting unit of core shooter with mixing the molding sand that makes, 150 ℃ of core box heating-up temperatures, core shooting pressure 0.5～0.6MPa penetrates under the condition of sand time 2～3s, penetrates sand and makes sand sample, but sand sample is removed in the just demoulding behind sclerosis 40～60s, and performance is detected in the cooling back.
7. modified silicate-bonded sand temperature core box core-producing technique according to claim 1, its feature is comprising following processing step:
A, sand conditioning
Drop into 5000g quartz sand in puddle mixer, adding modulus again is 3.0, and density is 1.33g/cm
3Waterglass 200g, mulling 3～5 minutes adds cinder 60g, the granularity≤slag micropowder 30g of 30 μ m, the mulling 5～6 minutes of nano silica fume 60g, granularity≤80 μ m then.
B, core shooting
After mulling is finished, put into the blasting unit of core shooter with mixing the molding sand that makes, 130 ℃ of core box heating-up temperatures, core shooting pressure 0.5～0.6MPa penetrates under the condition of sand time 2～3s, penetrates sand and makes sand sample, but sand sample is removed in the just demoulding behind sclerosis 40～60s, and performance is detected in the cooling back.
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| CN100531959C CN100531959C (en) | 2009-08-26 |
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