CN101169785A - Clustered database system dynamic loading balancing method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention provides a dynamic load balancing method for a cluster database system. The method comprises determining the loading state of a database server according to a dynamic load balancing algorithm, transmitting a database sentence to the database server with the lowest load through a database gateway system, and returning the result back to a client-end. Different data synchronization mechanisms are executed according to different database sentences. For the database searching sentence, the database gateway directly returns the corresponding result back to the client-end; for the database updating sentence, the database gateway returns the corresponding result back to the client-end, records the state of the updating table, and then transmits the updating sentence to other database servers, to keep the data consistency in each database. On the basis of keeping the performance and the usability of the cluster based on database gateway (middleware), the invention effectively improves the overall resource utilization rate of the database cluster through the dynamic load balancing mechanism, and further improves the overall execution performance of the database.
Description
1, technical field
The present invention relates to the computer communication technology field, specifically a kind of dynamic load balancing method of clustered database system.
2, technical background
For all databases, except writing down correct result, they all are faced with the challenge of four aspects: how to improve processing speed, availability of data, data security and data set scalability.Along with going deep into of IT application with wired, the quick growth of wireless network, electronic transaction is managed business and is had higher requirement in above four aspects.
A plurality of databases are associated in form data-base cluster together to reach above-mentioned target should be a very natural idea.Usually the data-base cluster technology adheres to the diplobiont architecture separately: based on the cluster of database engine with based on the cluster of DataBase Gateway (middleware).
Cluster based on database engine is more, and mostly the data base cluster system of large database manufacturer is this structure, as OracleRAC, and DB2 UDB, SQL Server Cluster or the like.Such cluster mainly is that the engine mechanism of dependence database self is carried out the executed in parallel to the data statement, it is better that the advantage of this cluster is exactly data integrity, manageability, if but node server communication is frequent, can have a strong impact on the performance of entire database.
The ICX-UDS of Parallel Computers company is a kind of cluster based on DataBase Gateway (middleware), and ICX is independent of database engine, can support the relevant database product of any kind.Its principal character is for query sentence of database, and DataBase Gateway can send to the background data base server to statement successively, plays effect of load balance; For the database update statement, DataBase Gateway can send to all background data base servers upgrading statement, to keep the data of database consistance.
The ICX DataBase Gateway is playing very big effect aspect whole execution performance of raising database and the availability, but still is short of to some extent on the utilization factor of resource.Such as adopting simple taking turn mode to send query sentence of database, the database server load that may produce is very high, and the also very idle situation of the database server that has.And also too simple for the processing of upgrading statement, the resource utilization of having wasted database server to a certain extent.
3, summary of the invention
The dynamic load balancing method that is used for clustered database system of the present invention is exactly on above-mentioned technical foundation, and how research improves resource utilization based on the cluster of DataBase Gateway (middleware) by dynamic load balancing mechanism.
A kind of dynamic load balancing method that is used for clustered database system of the present invention, be by the DataBase Gateway system, adopt the load state of dynamic load leveling algorithm judgment data storehouse server, send database statement then to the minimum database server of load, difference at database statement is carried out different data synchronization mechanisms, and the result is returned to client.
The DataBase Gateway system is the executive system that is independent of database internal feature relevant with the relevant database statement, the data consistency of being responsible for the link dynamic load balancing mechanism and keeping a plurality of database servers.
The dynamic load leveling algorithm is meant the loading condition of processor according to database server, internal memory, IO, and the load capacity of dynamic calculation database server is judged the minimum database server of load.
Difference at database statement is carried out different data synchronization mechanisms, is meant that for query sentence of database, DataBase Gateway directly returns to client to accordingly result; For the database update statement, after DataBase Gateway returned to client to accordingly result, the state of table changed in record, sends to other database servers upgrading statement then, to keep each data of database consistance.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows on the basis that keeps based on advantages such as the performance of the cluster of DataBase Gateway (middleware) and availabilities, effectively pass through dynamic load balancing mechanism, improve the whole resource utilization of data-base cluster, further promoted the whole execution performance of database.
4, description of drawings
Accompanying drawing 1 is the database manipulation implementation synoptic diagram of dynamic load balancing mechanism.
5, embodiment
A kind of dynamic load balancing method that is used for clustered database system of the present invention, be by the DataBase Gateway system, load state according to dynamic load leveling algorithm judgment data storehouse server, send database statement to the minimum database server of load, and be responsible for the result is returned to client, and carry out different data synchronization mechanisms at the difference of database statement.
Here said DataBase Gateway, it is exactly the DataBase Gateway of the cluster based on DataBase Gateway (middleware) above-mentioned, it is a kind of executive system that is independent of the database internal feature, only relevant with the relevant database statement, be responsible for the data consistency that connects dynamic load balancing mechanism and keep a plurality of database servers.
When DataBase Gateway receives the database statement that client sends, can judge which database server load on backstage is minimum according to the dynamic load leveling algorithm.This dynamic load leveling algorithm is relevant with processor, internal memory, the IO even load situation of database server, draws by certain calculation mechanism.And the acquisition of processor, internal memory, IO even load is to collect and periodically send to DataBase Gateway by the agent software that is installed on the database server.
Simultaneously, DataBase Gateway can be at the difference of database statement and is carried out different data synchronization mechanisms.For query sentence of database, DataBase Gateway directly returns to client to accordingly result, because query statement can't destroy the data in the Database Systems, thereby does not need data sync.
And for the database update statement, DataBase Gateway is after returning to client to database server generation result, can change the state of showing (synchronous) by record, send to other database servers upgrading statement then, after all database server data are consistent, again the synchronous regime of change table is removed.
Embodiment
Accompanying drawing 1 has been described the concrete course of work of dynamic load balancing mechanism.In this example, 3 real database servers are adopted on the backstage, and the database software of same type, same version is installed.1 database client visits the database server on backstage by DataBase Gateway.
Operate in processor, internal memory, the IO even load situation of the Agent meeting dynamic collection server on each database server, and periodically send to DataBase Gateway (sending once) such as per 10 seconds.DataBase Gateway can calculate the loading condition of each database server in real time according to load-balancing algorithm, and adopts the weights mode to represent.Weights are low more, and the expression server load is low more.Such as at a time, the weights of database 1 are 10, and the weights of database 2 are 20, and the weights of database 3 are 30.
(step 1), kind that at first can judgment data storehouse statement is simple query sentence of database, still includes the renewal statement of operations such as deletion, insertion after DataBase Gateway receives database statement from client.If be query statement, can send to the minimum database of load 1 server (step 2) to this query statement, (step 3) can directly send to client (step 4) to accordingly result behind poll-final.
If what receive is the database update statement, at first DataBase Gateway can send to the minimum database of load 1 server (step 2) to this statement, and (step 3) can directly send to client (step 4) to accordingly result after upgrading end.Simultaneously, write down this statement which table has been done renewal, and mark the table synchronous regime of being upgraded (, to this table further operation will delay execution or send to database 1 if any statement this moment).Afterwards, the renewal statement of having carried out send to simultaneously database 2 and database 3 (step 5), pending data with EOS after, can send to DataBase Gateway (step 6) upgrading the result.At this moment, data sync is finished, and the mark of the table with synchronous regime is removed.
Claims (4)
1. the dynamic load balancing method of clustered database system, it is characterized in that: by the DataBase Gateway system, adopt the load state of dynamic load leveling algorithm judgment data storehouse server, send database statement then to the minimum database server of load, difference at database statement is carried out different data synchronization mechanisms, and the result is returned to client.
2. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the DataBase Gateway system is the executive system that is independent of database internal feature relevant with the relevant database statement, the data consistency of being responsible for the link dynamic load balancing mechanism and keeping a plurality of database servers.
3. method according to claim 1, it is characterized in that the dynamic load leveling algorithm, be meant the loading condition of processor according to database server, internal memory, IO, the load capacity of dynamic calculation database server is judged the minimum database server of load.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, carries out different data synchronization mechanisms at the difference of database statement, is meant that for query sentence of database, DataBase Gateway directly returns to client to accordingly result; For the database update statement, after DataBase Gateway returned to client to accordingly result, the state of table changed in record, sends to other database servers upgrading statement then, to keep each data of database consistance.
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