CN101166238B - A video sensor and its use method - Google Patents

A video sensor and its use method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101166238B
CN101166238B CN2006101505757A CN200610150575A CN101166238B CN 101166238 B CN101166238 B CN 101166238B CN 2006101505757 A CN2006101505757 A CN 2006101505757A CN 200610150575 A CN200610150575 A CN 200610150575A CN 101166238 B CN101166238 B CN 101166238B
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image sensor
image
inductive component
video sensing
displacement
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CN101166238A (en
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陈家祺
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Priority to CN2006101505757A priority Critical patent/CN101166238B/en
Priority to PCT/CN2007/070065 priority patent/WO2008049342A1/en
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Priority to HK08111590.3A priority patent/HK1115968A1/en
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    • GPHYSICS
    • G03PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
    • G03BAPPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS FOR TAKING PHOTOGRAPHS OR FOR PROJECTING OR VIEWING THEM; APPARATUS OR ARRANGEMENTS EMPLOYING ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ACCESSORIES THEREFOR
    • G03B17/00Details of cameras or camera bodies; Accessories therefor
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/681Motion detection
    • H04N23/6811Motion detection based on the image signal
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H04ELECTRIC COMMUNICATION TECHNIQUE
    • H04NPICTORIAL COMMUNICATION, e.g. TELEVISION
    • H04N23/00Cameras or camera modules comprising electronic image sensors; Control thereof
    • H04N23/60Control of cameras or camera modules
    • H04N23/68Control of cameras or camera modules for stable pick-up of the scene, e.g. compensating for camera body vibrations
    • H04N23/682Vibration or motion blur correction

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Multimedia (AREA)
  • Signal Processing (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • General Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Color Television Image Signal Generators (AREA)
  • Studio Devices (AREA)
  • Transforming Light Signals Into Electric Signals (AREA)

Abstract

The image inductor includes logic-partitioned image induction modules (IIM) and a small amount of displacement induction modules (DIM). The method includes following steps: in time of exposure, image induction module reads the values of DIM for multiple times to calculate data of image change; based on the image change to control motion of the image inductor or motion of outside image relative to the image inductor; when time of exposure passed, IIM reads values obtained by all IIM, and carries out processes. Using partial light sense modules being as displacement, speed, and acceleration inductors directly, the image inductor and method can catch image change rapidly to eliminate influences including vibration, fast motion and torsion motion. Reducing cost, and volume further, combining with traditional technique of shockproof, the invention strengthens effect, and more clear images taken.

Description

A kind of image sensor and using method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of digital photographing and camera technique, particularly a kind of image sensor and using method thereof of eliminating the influence of the vibrations or the main body high-speed mobile that is taken.
Background technology
When the digital camera vibrations or the main body high-speed mobile that is taken when taking, the photo of taking will thicken.At present, the shockproof function of digital camera generally is to utilize one or more displacements that are independent of image sensor, and speed or acceleration induction device are measured the vibrations of camera, corrects the image fog that vibrations cause according to detected vibration data again.Antidote comprise moving lens system or image sensor so that image projecting in the not cataclysm of position of image sensor.This displacement, speed or acceleration induction device can be the vibrations detectors that generally adopts in all kinds of famous brand cameras on the market.
Summary of the invention
The technical issues that need to address of the present invention are, how a kind of image sensor and using method thereof are provided, and independently displacement, speed or acceleration induction device can detect the rectification data of the vibrations and the main body high-speed mobile that is taken.
First above-mentioned problem of the present invention solves like this: a kind of image sensor is provided, formed by light sensation assembly two-dimensional arrangements, described light sensation assembly comprises by long video sensing assembly and the short displacement inductive component that is used for the change of sensing projection image of time for exposure that is used to take in projection image's (promptly see through optical lens and be projected in image on the described inductor) of the time for exposure of logical partitioning; The size of described displacement inductive component is not more than described video sensing assembly.
According to image sensor provided by the invention, the blue assembly of the red assembly of monochrome (monochrome) assembly that described light sensation assembly can be photometry brightness or survey ruddiness or the green color component of survey green glow or survey blue light.In the legend, make code name monochromatic, red, green, blue video sensing assembly 1 with M, R, G, B.Make code name monochromatic, red, green, blue displacement inductive component 2 with m, r, g, b.
According to image sensor provided by the invention, no matter described video sensing assembly is monochromatic or colored (promptly by R, G, B composition), described displacement inductive component also can be monochromatic or colored.In other words, monochromatic image capturing though be to adopt monochromatic video sensing assembly, also can adopt monochrome or colored displacement inductive component.And on the other hand, colored image capturing though be to adopt colored video sensing assembly, also can adopt monochrome or colored displacement inductive component.
According to image sensor provided by the invention, described image sensor can be the image sensor of CCD or CMOS or all two-dimensional arrangements matrix forms.
Above-mentioned another problem of the present invention solves like this, and a kind of video sensing method is provided, and uses image sensor, comprises the steps:
1) the light sensation component logic is assigned as the displacement inductive component that is used to take in the video sensing assembly of projection image and is used for the change of sensing projection image;
2) between described video sensing assembly exposure period, repeatedly read the value of described displacement inductive component, as calculating projection image's delta data.
3) control according to described delta data that described image sensor moves or see through the described optical lens of control and on image sensor, keeps extremely constant greatly, thereby make filmed image more clear to reach to described projection image.
4) video sensing assembly exposure finishes, and reads the value of whole video sensing assemblies and handles.
According to video sensing method provided by the invention, described step 2) in number of times fix.For example 15 times.In other words, if the time for exposure of video sensing assembly is Δ t, the displacement inductive component read at interval that (readout interval) (annotating: read the interval=time for exposure+time for reading) is Δ t/15.Be noted that because the quantity of displacement inductive component generally is seldom, so the time for reading of displacement inductive component also is quite few.Under this situation, we can suppose that the time for exposure of displacement inductive component is probably to equal to read at interval.
According to video sensing method provided by the invention, described step 2) in number of times be with regular time as foundation.For example 1/200 second (5ms).In other words, every 1/200 second, the displacement inductive component just can be read once.
According to video sensing method provided by the invention, described step 2) in number of times adapt to projection image and change speed and regulate.In other words, reading at interval of displacement inductive component can be regulated according to the pace of change of projection image on described displacement inductive component; Fast variation should cooperate short reading at interval, and slow variation should cooperate long reading at interval.Described variation comprises projection image's in-plane displancement or torsional displacement or changes the distortion of the projection image that causes because of described optical lens with respect to the optical axis of described image sensor.
Control is according to video sensing method provided by the invention, and described variation also comprises pace of change and the acceleration that further calculates blanking time that read according to data such as described in-plane displancement or torsional displacement and described displacement inductive component.
Control is according to video sensing method provided by the invention, and the processing in the described step 4) under situation about being suitable for, can comprise that the vacancy that described displacement inductive component occupies a little fills up or reduction or correcting process.Used skill can be carried out according to method commonly used in the category of signal processing.
Image sensor provided by the invention and using method thereof directly utilize the part light sensation assembly of image sensor to do fast and high-frequency image reads, thereby find out the method that moves of control image sensor or camera lens, make take the photograph image more clear.The present invention has reducing cost, dwindles the advantage of camera or video camera volume.In conjunction with traditional shake-proof technology, can also strengthen shockproof effect.
Description of drawings
Further the present invention is described in detail below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments.
Fig. 1-4 is four kinds of monochromatic image sensors of difference provided by the invention.
Fig. 5-12 is eight kinds of different chromatic image inductors provided by the invention.
Figure 13 is a video sensing method principle schematic of the present invention.
Figure 14 is the program circuit schematic diagram of corresponding image sensor of the present invention.
Embodiment
At first, image sensor of the present invention is described.The present invention is the two-dimensional array that is formed by a plurality of light sensation assembly row examples, be its light sensation assembly with the difference of existing image sensor, except looking like traditionally as the video sensing assembly, wherein partly (generally being little part) light sensation assembly can be changed and be used for responding to the image that is projected in image sensor and move, and this light sensation assembly is defined as the displacement inductive component.This displacement comprises that the straight line on the plane moves, rotates and because of optical axis changes the deformation of image cause, thereby makes corresponding rectification, to avoid image blur.In the use of reality, the quantity of displacement inductive component can be lacked a lot than the quantity of video sensing assembly.Such arrangement has two benefits; 1. reduce influence to the image quality.2. the value that makes high-frequency read whole displacement inductive components becomes pratical and feasible.The displacement inductive component generally is but is not restricted to the co-ordination of large-spacing and fixes or be not distributed on the image sensor regularly.The sample frequency of displacement inductive component is more a lot of soon than video sensing assembly.So can have a little just can respond in moving being projected in image on the image sensor, thereby make suitable rectification.
The second, key of the present invention is described: the displacement inductive component.
(1) the displacement inductive component is independent of the operation of video sensing assembly.Be that the stored value of displacement inductive component is can read at any time and do not influence the video sensing assembly and continue recording image.
(2) the displacement inductive component generally is but is not restricted to the co-ordination of large-spacing and fixes or be not distributed on the image sensor regularly.Between the co-ordination at a distance of number row or column even more than the dried row or column.Generally on image sensor, each 10 row or column of co-ordination are very enough.Even if get only 1,2 row or column, also can bring into play certain effect.So the quantity of displacement inductive component only accounts for few part of whole photosensory assemblies: one of tens of part and even one of 1,000,000 parts.Influence to the image quality is very little.
(3) size of displacement inductive component can be the same or less with the video sensing assembly.Less displacement inductive component closely links up the drift that bigger displacement inductive component more can spy out image observantly.
(4) the sensitization color of displacement inductive component is not necessarily the same with video sensing assembly on every side.It both can be monochromatic, can be again colored (B forms for R, G).The advantage of using monochromatic displacement inductive component is hundred parts of ratios that reduce its quantity and account for whole inductor area.The former helps reading fast, and the latter helps the image quality.Using the advantage of colored displacement inductive component is to increase its resolution capability to color.Avoid different colours but the resolution difficulty of the picture point of same brightness and the error that causes.Fig. 1-12 has specifically showed different sizes, some image sensor examples of the displacement inductive component of different colours and video sensing assembly.
(5) the picture point value that has lacked because of the existence of displacement inductive component can be filled up or reduce with method for processing signals.If in the position of certain picture point is to be occupied jointly by displacement inductive component and video sensing assembly, through operation program or electronic circuit follow do suitable amplification according to the area magnitude proportion after, the value of this video sensing assembly gained just can be as the value of calculating this picture point.
The 3rd, operation principle of the present invention is described:
(1) because the reading frequency of displacement inductive component is high more a lot of than the reading frequency of video sensing assembly.In other words: the time for exposure of video sensing assembly than the time for exposure long number of displacement inductive component doubly to hundreds of times.Specifically, the reading frequency of displacement inductive component can be fixed in a numerical value, for example, and per second 200 times; Or regulate according to the time for exposure of image, for example, " the displacement inductive component the time for exposure=time for exposure/10 of video sensing assembly "; Again or according to the speed of the image drift velocity on the displacement inductive component and regulate reading frequency automatically, fast more image drift correspondence reading more frequently.More frequently the corresponding regulation and control more frequently of reading are corrected.
(2) as shown in figure 13, when projection image at the position change of displacement inductive component, just to make suitable adjustment, for example, moving lens system or image sensor be not so that in the video sensing assembly time for exposure, too many change takes place in the position of image sensor in projection image.Can guarantee like this to take the photograph image definition.The change that is projected in the displacement inductive component is not limited to simple displacement, also comprises complicated displacement, and as torsional displacement (angular displacement), or the influence that causes because of the change of optical axis also can correspondingly be corrected.
(3) except the data of blurring, the displacement inductive component also can be used as speed or the acceleration induction device uses.Method is that the change in displacement of utilizing continuous two width of cloth displacement inductive component data computation to go out draws the speed added value to change in displacement divided by time interval again, and the speed that speed added value and last time are calculated is added up and drawn up-to-date speed then.The method of calculating acceleration is simpler, is exactly divided by corresponding time interval the difference of two continuous speed.Be noted that the speed that calculates like this or acceleration just the time interval that when it calculates, adopted of representative every in speed or the mean value of acceleration.Except shaking because of camera the image fog that is caused, the mobile fuzzy (motion blur) because of main body fast moving in the picture causes also can be lowered.The calculating of above-mentioned blurring, speed or acceleration can be taken by the electronic circuit of microcontroller (MCU) or custom-made.Further, can also be combined into a circuit module to microcontroller exclusive disjunction circuit with image sensor.
In addition, this image sensor can be used in combination with existing camera or video camera shake-proof technology, to strengthen shockproof effect, makes image more clear.The design of this image sensor is applicable to the image sensor that all kinds of two-dimensional arrangements matrix form light sensation assemblies are formed, as image sensors such as CCD or CMOS.
The 4th, further describe the inventive method in conjunction with control program, image sensor control program of the present invention specifically as shown in figure 14, comprising:
510) photograph or shooting beginning.At this moment, the time for exposure is known.Image sensor or lens system have also been got back to the centre position, convenient later mobile regulation and control.
520) high frequency reads the value of the displacement inductive component in the image sensor;
530) compare judge to calculate secondary read between change in location (the being displacement) data of projection image;
540) further computational speed and acceleration as required;
550) according to displacement, speed and Acceleration Control moving lens system or image sensor;
560) arrive as the time for exposure, toward 570.Also do not arrive as the time for exposure, get back to 520;
570) read the value of the video sensing assembly in the image sensor;
580) carry out necessary image processing, can comprise with method for processing signals and filling up or the also existence of reason displacement inductive component and the picture point value that lacks;
590) export the image that disposes;
600) picked-up of end one frame image.Image sensor or lens system are got back to the centre position awaits orders.
At last, all legends of explanation image sensor of the present invention make additional remarks to the present invention:
In the middle of image sensor legend of the present invention, even in same image sensor, the size of some video sensing assemblies can be with other video sensing assembly difference.In addition, the size of some displacement inductive components can be with other displacement inductive component difference.As the signal value of the assembly gained that will compare different sizes (make comparisons), just should suitably increase the method for the value of less assembly earlier with software or hardware with the area size.Software approach is meant its numerical value surplus big when the computing.Hardware approach is meant and adds that in image sensor suitable amplifying circuit increases signal.
Light sensation assembly in the drawings, if not approaching square, particularly those are equal to the assembly that two or more square is formed, on the implementation, except it being used as not square light sensation assembly, can also be that the square assembly of a plurality of light sensations is formed, with circuit they be coupled together again or signal is added up.
In the legend, make code name monochromatic, red, green, blue displacement inductive component 2 with m, r, g, b.And the code name of M, R, G, B work monochrome, redness, green, blue video sensing assembly 1.Picture point on same image sensor, no matter be that to have displacement inductive component, its size dimension again or only all be the same for (promptly not the comprising the displacement inductive component interior) of standard or (being that displacement inductive component and video sensing assembly exist simultaneously) of mixing.But the present invention is not limited to this arrangement.For the easier size of finding out picture point, in appropriate circumstances, the border of picture point is to represent with thicker line.The monochromatic picture point of standard is to represent with a light sensation assembly.The colored picture point of standard is to represent with 2 * 2 display with four light sensation assemblies.Wherein red, blue each one, green has two forms with the diagonal angle to lay.This is a method commonly used at present.But the present invention is not limited to this arrangement mode.
Fig. 1-3 is the monochromatic image sensor of difference provided by the invention.Its common feature is that displacement inductive component 2 is monochromatic and distributes with the co-ordination of large-spacing.
Among Fig. 1, the size of displacement inductive component 2 is the same with video sensing assembly 1.
Among Fig. 2, the size of displacement inductive component 2 is littler than video sensing assembly 1.Be noted that displacement inductive component 2 is not to have only a shape size.In different positions, different size dimensions in response to needing, is arranged in different displacement inductions.
Among Fig. 3, in the picture point (pixel) that displacement inductive component 2 occupies, there is video sensing assembly 1 simultaneously.
Fig. 4 is a monochromatic image sensor provided by the invention.Characteristics are that displacement inductive component 2 is colored and distributes with the co-ordination of large-spacing.In addition, there is the video sensing assembly simultaneously in the picture point that is occupied by the displacement inductive component.
Fig. 5-12 is a different chromatic image inductor provided by the invention.
Among Fig. 5, displacement inductive component 2 is monochromatic.And its size is the same with video sensing assembly 1.In addition, the displacement inductive component is to have in each picture point (pixel).
Among Fig. 6, displacement inductive component 2 is monochromatic.And its size is the same and distribute with the co-ordination of large-spacing with video sensing assembly 1.Below enlarged drawing in, the place that does not have to indicate does not have the light sensation assembly.
Among Fig. 7, displacement inductive component 2 is monochromatic.And its size is littler and distribute with the two ways in length and breadth of large-spacing than video sensing assembly 1.
Among Fig. 8, displacement inductive component 2 is monochromatic and distributes with the co-ordination of large-spacing.In the picture point (pixel) at displacement inductive component 2 places, there is video sensing assembly 1 simultaneously.
Among Fig. 9, displacement inductive component 2 is colored.And its size is the same and distribute with the co-ordination of large-spacing with video sensing assembly 1.
Among Figure 10, displacement inductive component 2 is colored.And its size is littler and distribute with the co-ordination of large-spacing than video sensing assembly 1.In this legend, special design makes the displacement induction sensitivity than the example Senior Three of Fig. 9 doubly.
Among Figure 11, displacement inductive component 2 is colored and distributes with the co-ordination of large-spacing.In the picture point (pixel) at displacement inductive component 2 places, there is video sensing assembly 1 simultaneously.In this legend, special design makes the displacement induction sensitivity than the example Senior Two of Fig. 9 doubly.
Figure 12 is a design more especially; The size of all light sensation assemblies all is the same.Displacement inductive component 2 is monochromatic and distributes with the two ways in length and breadth of large-spacing.In the picture point (pixel) at displacement inductive component 2 places, (B) the video sensing assembly 1 for R, G colour simultaneously.In the sensitivity of displacement induction, the two ways of these special arrangements double than the design of having only the one-way road.

Claims (9)

1. image sensor, form by light sensation assembly two-dimensional arrangements, it is characterized in that described light sensation assembly comprises by long video sensing assembly (1) and the short displacement inductive component (2) that is used for sensing projection image (3) change of time for exposure that is used to take in projection image (3) of the time for exposure of logical partitioning; It is one of tens of part to one of 1,000,000 parts that the quantity of described displacement inductive component (2) accounts for whole light sensation assemblies.
2. according to the described image sensor of claim 1, it is characterized in that described light sensation assembly can be monochrome or colored component.
3. according to the described image sensor of claim 1, it is characterized in that described video sensing assembly (1) is monochrome or colored component, described displacement inductive component (2) is a monochromatic component.
4. according to the described image sensor of claim 1, it is characterized in that described video sensing assembly (1) is monochrome or colored component, described displacement inductive component (2) is a colored component.
5. according to claim 2,3 or 4 described image sensors, it is characterized in that described colored component comprises redness or the green of survey green glow or the blue assembly of survey blue light of the survey ruddiness of photometry brightness.
6. according to the described image sensor of claim 1, it is characterized in that described image sensor can be the image sensor of CCD or CMOS or all two-dimensional arrangements matrix forms.
7. a video sensing method is used image sensor, it is characterized in that, comprising:
1) the light sensation component logic on the image sensor is assigned as the displacement inductive component (2) that is used to take in the video sensing assembly (1) of projection image (3) and is used for sensing projection image (3) change;
2) between described video sensing assembly (1) exposure period, repeatedly read the value of described displacement inductive component (2), as calculating projection image (3) delta data;
3) control according to described delta data that described image sensor moves or see through the control supporting use optical lens of described image sensor (4) constant substantially to reach in the position of image sensor to described projection image (3);
4) video sensing assembly (1) exposure finishes, and reads the value of whole video sensing assemblies (1) and handles.
8. according to the described video sensing method of claim 7, it is characterized in that described step 2) in number of times be fixing or variable; Described variation comprises plane or the displacement of reversing or translational speed or acceleration, also comprises the distortion that changes the projection image (3) that causes because of described optical lens with respect to the optical axis of described image sensor.
9. according to the described video sensing method of claim 7, it is characterized in that the processing in the described step 4) comprises that also the vacancy that described displacement inductive component (2) occupies a little fills up or reduction or correcting process according to the signal processing rule.
CN2006101505757A 2006-10-20 2006-10-20 A video sensor and its use method Expired - Fee Related CN101166238B (en)

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CN2006101505757A CN101166238B (en) 2006-10-20 2006-10-20 A video sensor and its use method
PCT/CN2007/070065 WO2008049342A1 (en) 2006-10-20 2007-05-30 Image sensor and method of using the same
HK08111590.3A HK1115968A1 (en) 2006-10-20 2008-10-21 Image sensor and method of using the same

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US7880785B2 (en) * 2004-07-21 2011-02-01 Aptina Imaging Corporation Rod and cone response sensor
US7679647B2 (en) * 2004-07-21 2010-03-16 Hewlett-Packard Development Company, L.P. Flexible suspension for image stabilization

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WO2001091450A2 (en) * 2000-05-19 2001-11-29 Tull Damon L Preventing blur caused by motion of the subject in a digital image

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