CN101166176A - Method fro dynamic load balance in distributed system based on session origination protocol - Google Patents
Method fro dynamic load balance in distributed system based on session origination protocol Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
SIP entity initiates message of SIP request. Receiving SIP message, ILBU sends the message to a PLBU process node based on address or port number of message. Decoding the SIP message, PLBU determines whether the message is a request on inside or outside conversation, or a response in order to carry out different processes. The method improves shortcoming of current fixed type HASH algorithm, and meanwhile keeps characteristic of no state of distributing procedure self. In the invention, no meter increasing or decreasing nodes in the system or adjusting distributing strategy of system will not influence on processing message of conversation so as to raise reliability and scalability of system greatly.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the load balancing in SIP (SESSION INITIATION PROTOCOL, the Session initiation Protocol) distributed system.
Background technology
SIP is a class control protocol for multimedia communication, at present extensive use in soft switch, IMS networks such as (IP MULTIMEDIASUBSYSTEM, IP Multimedia System).SIP adopts the text code mode, utilizes trace analysis, but also causes its message scale of construction excessive simultaneously, has brought white elephant for the sip server that is in core position.
The general distributed system that adopts is handled in the large scale system, for no call state server, its load balancing is simple relatively, and for SoftSwitch, CSCF (CALL SESSION CONTROL FUNCTION, CSCF) these sip server load balancing of call state is arranged is a complicated problems.Before analyzing the SIP distributed treatment, we can divide according to the function of distributed load equalizing, SIP distributed treatment node is divided into three logic entities: 1) ILBU (ILBU:IP Load-Balance Unit, the IP Load Balance Unit), 2) PLBU (PROTOCOL LOAD BALANCE UNIT, the agreement Load Balance Unit), 3) PPU (PROTOCOL PROCESS UNIT, protocol processing unit).
In general distributed schemes has three kinds:
One is based on user's distributed treatment, just adopt the keyword of user ID as load balancing, its shortcoming is that the load balancing parts of system must be stored state of user, when power system capacity is big, the load balancing parts of inlet often need a plurality of, and the synchronous regime expense is excessive between a plurality of nodes.
The 2nd, adopt different IP addresses or transport layer port to identify different processing node number, for example adopt the well-known port of 5060 ports as the SIP node, each node respectively distributes a unique port again, when this node of sip message process, distribute a node according to the complicated equalization algorithm in inside for it, node carries out the port numbers of this node under the Record-Route operation note then, the other side's network element will send request according to new port after receiving 200 OK, the shortcoming of this method is when employing has the transmission of connection, upstream SIP network element must be rebuild with local terminal and be connected, and has increased the expense of bottom.
The 3rd, adopt a field indispensable in each sip message or parameter to may further comprise the steps as shown in Figure 2 as its implementation of keyword (such as Call-ID) of load balancing HASH:
Step 202, ILBU obtains the node number of a PLBU according to the load balancing strategy of source, purpose IP address or port numbers and realization;
Step 204, PLBU carries out the HASH processing according to the call identification (Call-ID) of SIP request, in conjunction with local node information, obtains available PPU node number.
Step 209, PLBU obtains the PPU node number according to call identification HASH;
Step 210-211, response message is transmitted to the calling subscriber through PPU, ILBU;
Step 212 ~ 213, message arrived PLBU through ILBU in the user initiated to talk with;
Step 214, PLBU number carries out HASH according to call identification, obtains the PPU node number;
Step 215, PLBU gives PPU with forwards.
Above steps has been described and has been adopted a fixedly basic procedure of HASH algorithm in the SIP distributed system, all sip messages must at first pass through ILBU-〉PLBU carries out the message pre decoding, obtaining each calls out invariable composition (as Call-ID) and carries out the HASH delivery and obtain the node number that handle, modulus is the total node sum of system, the load balancing parts can be realized stateless work like this, and throughput of system and reliability improve greatly.The shortcoming of this scheme is also apparent simultaneously, because call treatment has state, same calling must be handled in a node, when increasing node in the system or barrier reduces node for some reason, the HASH modulus changes, the follow-up sip message of the conversation of having set up can't guarantee to be distributed to same node and handle, and also can't realize dynamic load leveling.Such as a certain calling Call-ID=C1, HASH (C1)=18, the total node number of system is 5, the processing node of this calling is 18Mod5+1=4 so, keeps stage system to increase a node in this calling, and total node number becomes 6, subsequent message is mail to node 1 (18Mod6+1) (because the tentative segment period is from 1 open numbering by mistake so, need to add 1 behind the delivery, 18mod6=0), cause this calling normally not continue or to discharge.Distributor may adopt certain load balancing strategy in the real system, but under the condition of not storing each call state, above-mentioned defective still exists.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides the method that realizes dynamic load leveling in a kind of distributed SIP system, neither needs any state of local storage, can adapt to the requirement of additions and deletions node and dynamic load leveling again.
A kind of method that realizes dynamic load leveling in the Session initiation Protocol distributed system of the present invention may further comprise the steps:
1.1, external session initiation protocol (SIP) entity initiation session initiation protocol (SIP) request message, IP Load Balance Unit (ILBU) is received the Session Initiation Protocol message and according to message address or port numbers message is sent to a certain agreement Load Balance Unit (PLBU) processing node;
1.2, agreement Load Balance Unit (PLBU) decodes to Session Initiation Protocol message, judges that this message is inside and outside request of dialogue or response, carries out different processing respectively;
1.2.1 if the outer request of dialogue is carried out hash calculating (HASH) to the value (A1) that must carry and remain unchanged in the Session Initiation Protocol calling and is obtained protocol processing unit (PPU) node number and send to respective nodes handling; This node processing finishes and add a privately owned distribution parameters (B1) in the particular value that the back returns in the head of callee response, comprises the coding to this node number in the parameter, and is designated this node and adds; Write down its node number in a certain sign (C1) that the request that protocol processing unit (PPU) is transmitted or initiatively initiated must be identical in response message and request message;
1.2.2 if non-dialogue is asked, change next step processing outward;
1.3 if request in the dialogue is unavailable as this node according to the definite node number of described privately owned distribution parameters (B1) is distributed, then request failure; If next step processing is changeed in request in the non-dialogue;
1.4, then get described a certain message composition (C1) that must be identical in response message and request message and decode and obtain node number for response message, distribute according to decoded node number, unavailable as this node, then request failure.
When system was the UDP carrying, agreement Load Balance Unit (PLBU), the protocol processing unit (PPU) of system can be closed and be established, and initial distribution is limited to this node.
In such scheme, the value that described Session Initiation Protocol must carry and remain unchanged in calling out can be call identification (Call-ID); The particular value that returns in the head of described callee's response can be route (Route) field of route record (Record-Route) request; Described must identical sign can be via the partial parameters in (Via) head in response message and request message.
At one more specifically in the scheme, the present invention includes following steps:
Step 302, IP Load Balance Unit (ILBU) obtain the node number of an agreement Load Balance Unit (PLBU) according to the load balancing strategy of source, purpose IP address or port numbers and realization;
Step 304, agreement Load Balance Unit (PLBU) is judged the INVITE type, if initial INVITE, then carrying out HASH according to the user ID of carrying in the request unified resource identifier (Request-URI) in the call identification (Call-ID) of Session Initiation Protocol request or the Session Initiation Protocol message handles, in conjunction with local node information, obtain available protocol processing unit (PPU) node number; Otherwise decoding obtains processing node number according to the distribution parameters of Route head;
Step 306, after protocol processing unit (PPU) is handled Session Initiation Protocol INVITE request message, transmit before the message, in the VIA of the request of transmitting and the node number of totally two place's marks oneself of a spreading parameter in the route record (Record-Route) that inserts, the former is the distribution processor for convenience of response message, and the latter then is the distribution that solves request message
Step 307 protocol processing unit (PPU) is gone out forwards;
Step 308～309, the called subscriber is to request-reply, and response message arrives agreement Load Balance Unit (PLBU) through IP Load Balance Unit (ILBU);
Step 310, agreement Load Balance Unit (PLBU) obtains call treatment protocol processing unit (PPU) node number according to the content decoding of the VIA header fields in the response message;
Step 311-312, response message is transmitted to the calling subscriber through protocol processing unit (PPU), IP Load Balance Unit (ILBU);
Step 313 ~ 314, message arrived agreement Load Balance Unit (PLBU) through IP Load Balance Unit (ILBU) in the user initiated to talk with;
Step 315, agreement Load Balance Unit (PLBU) obtains protocol processing unit (PPU) node number according to the privately owned parameter of expansion in first route (TOP Route) header fields (this field is that route record (Record-Route) field that protocol processing unit (PPU) is inserted converts) in the request in initial INVITE;
Step 316, agreement Load Balance Unit (PLBU) is given protocol processing unit (PPU) with forwards.
Adopt the inventive method can improve the defective of existing fixed HASH algorithm, the stateless characteristic that keeps distribution procedure itself simultaneously, such as being to need all subsequent message of this session must be after setting up when session in this node processing, if certain other node hindered the service withdrawed from for some reason or needed the manual node that increases that interstitial content total in the system will be changed this moment, thereby the node number that causes fixing HASH algorithm to draw changes, and makes its subsequent message distribution of session of having set up produce disorderly.Regard a task as and adopt the present invention in fact to be equivalent to the message that a session is relevant; handle resource from article one message according to certain characteristic allocation; in case distributed processing node; just be that this session is labelled; subsequent message is distributed according to label; and no longer distribute according to initial Task Distribution keyword; so just can guarantee session in case set up (processing node distributes); as long as this node is not shut down; no matter intrasystem node increases and decreases or the distribution policy of Adjustment System does not all influence the Message Processing of this session, thereby improves the reliability of system greatly; scalability.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the logical framework figure of distributed SIP system;
Fig. 2 is the fixedly load-balancing algorithm flow chart in the distributed SIP system of HASH algorithm of available technology adopting;
Fig. 3 is the load-balancing algorithm flow chart in the embodiment of the invention distributed SIP system.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 is the logical framework figure of distributed SIP system, shows ILBU (IP load balancing parts), PLBU (agreement load balancing parts), PPU logical node and annexations thereof such as (protocol processes parts).During actual system design can according to the load-balancing algorithm of system node quantity, employing or characteristics of components with above-mentioned three logic functions make up, merger, be deployed in 2 or 1 physical node and realize.Adopt the universal network processor to realize as ILBU, be difficult to sip message is decoded, then ILBU must independently be provided with; When system scale hour in order to save cost, PLBU and PPPU can be closed and establish.
Fig. 2 is the fixedly load-balancing algorithm flow chart in the distributed SIP system of HASH algorithm of available technology adopting, introduces in detail in that background technology is partly existing.
The present invention has utilized three specific characters of Session Initiation Protocol: a) exist some value to carry and to remain unchanged in a SIP calls out, such as Call-ID; B) callee can return specific value in certain head of response, and this value the other side must take back in certain field of subsequent message unchangeably, as the Route field of the request of the Record-Route in the response; C) in SIP affairs, some sign in the response message must with request message in identical, as the partial parameters in the Via head.
Step of the present invention is:
1, outside SIP entity is initiated sip request message, and ILBU receives message.
2, ILBU receives that the SIP message sends to a certain PLBU processing node according to message address or port numbers with message.
3, PLBU decodes to sip message, judges that this message is that different processing is carried out in inside and outside request of dialogue or response respectively:
If the outer request of dialogue, according to meet characteristic a) sip message composition A1 carry out HASH and obtain the PPU node number and send to respective nodes handling, this node SIP back that disposes is possessing characteristic b) head in add a privately owned distribution parameters B1 (form be any, as long as meet Session Initiation Protocol coding, grammar request, as did=?), comprise coding in the parameter, and be designated this node and add this node number.The request that PPU transmits or initiatively initiates is meeting characteristic c) a certain message composition C1 in (as branch or other the privately owned parameter of Via) write down its node number.
If non-dialogue is asked, change next step processing outward.
4 if ask in the dialogue, distributes according to the node number that the B1 distribution parameters is determined, unavailable as this node, then request failure.If next step processing is changeed in request in the non-dialogue.
5, for response message, then get C1 and decode and obtain node number, distribute according to decoded node number, unavailable as this node, then request failure.
The present invention can bring following advantage:
A) dynamic load leveling.Utilize the characteristic of Session Initiation Protocol to note in initial request that system is actual to be the node number of its distribution, guaranteed that the SIP that has set up calls out the influence that no longer is subjected to the change of load balancing function, the initial call sip message distributes a processing node k with the hashed value of A1, the node k information of carrying in the message is all used in follow-up message distribution, this moment as modification are that keyword HASH distributing list only can influence newly arrived calling with A1, and the calling of having set up is not had harmful effect.Adopt the system of this algorithm to on-the-fly modify system's distributing list, thereby realized the system dynamics load balancing according to the current performance metric result of system.
B) fault-tolerant: because session is in case set up, promptly determined processing node among the present invention by the parameter of returning, must carry nodal information in the subsequent message, therefore the session subsequent message can utilize this information to find the original session processing node, can not cause the distribution mistake because of the node increase and decrease, therefore promptly possess following failure tolerance: the n-node distribution formula detection node k of system lost efficacy, be evenly distributed to all mould values that should be distributed to the A1 of this node on other n-1 node this moment, the interior sip message of dialogue that carries the k nodal information between age at failure is all correctly abandoned, and initial sip message is distributed on other node; After the fault recovery, system readjusts the A1 distributing list, and new calling can arrive node k, calls out subsequent message and then still handles on original node.
Fig. 3 is the flow chart of a specific embodiment of the present invention.
Step 302, ILBU obtains the node number of a PLBU according to the load balancing strategy of source, purpose IP address or port numbers and realization;
Step 304, PLBU judges the INVITE type, if initial INVITE then carries out the HASH processing according to the call identification (Call-ID) of SIP request, in conjunction with local node information, obtain available PPU node number (also can obtain node number) according to the user ID HASH that carries among the Request-URI in the initial sip message.Otherwise decoding obtains processing node number according to the distribution parameters of Route head.
Step 306, after PPU handles SIP INVITE request message, transmit before the message, in the VIA of the request of transmitting and the node number of totally two place's marks oneself of a spreading parameter among the Record-Route (route record) that inserts, the former is the distribution processor for convenience of response message, and the latter then is the distribution that solves request message
Step 307PPU goes out forwards;
Step 308～309, the called subscriber is to request-reply, and response message arrives PLBU through ILBU;
Step 310, PLBU obtains call treatment PPU node number according to the content decoding of the VIA header fields in the response message;
Step 311-312, response message is through PPU, ILBU;
Step 313 ~ 314, message arrived PLBU through ILBU in the user initiated to talk with;
Step 315, PLBU obtains the PPU node number according to the privately owned parameter of expansion in the TOP Route header fields (this field is that the Record-Route field that PPU inserts converts) in the request in initial INVITE;
Step 316, PLBU gives PPU with forwards.
Claims (4)
1. method that realizes dynamic load leveling in the Session initiation Protocol distributed system may further comprise the steps:
1.1, external session initiation protocol entity initiation session initiation protocol request message, the IP Load Balance Unit is received the Session initiation Protocol message and according to message address or port numbers message is sent to a certain agreement Load Balance Unit processing node;
1.2, the agreement Load Balance Unit decodes to conversation launch protocol message, judges that this message is inside and outside request of dialogue or response, carries out different processing respectively;
1.2.1 if the outer request of dialogue, the value that must carry and remain unchanged in the session initiation protocol call is carried out hash calculates the protocol processing unit node number and send to respective nodes and handle; This node processing finishes and add a privately owned distribution parameters in the particular value that the back returns in the head of callee response, comprises the coding to this node number in the parameter, and is designated this node and adds; Write down its node number in a certain sign that the request that protocol processing unit is transmitted or initiatively initiated must be identical in response message and request message;
1.2.2 if non-dialogue is asked, change next step processing outward;
1.3 if ask in the dialogue, distribute according to the node number that described privately owned distribution parameters is determined, unavailable as this node, then request failure; If next step processing is changeed in request in the non-dialogue;
1.4, then get described a certain message composition that must be identical in response message and request message and decode and obtain node number for response message, distribute according to decoded node number, unavailable as this node, then request failure.
2. the method for dynamic load leveling in the described realization Session initiation Protocol of claim 1 distributed system is characterized in that the agreement Load Balance Unit of system, protocol processing unit are closed and established, and initial distribution is limited to this node.
3. the method for dynamic load leveling in claim 1 or the 2 described realization Session initiation Protocol distributed systems is characterized in that the value that must carry and remain unchanged in the described session initiation protocol call is a call identification; The particular value that returns in the head of described callee's response is the route field of route record request; Described must be identical in response message and request message be designated via the partial parameters in the head.
4. the method for dynamic load leveling in the described realization Session initiation Protocol of claim 3 distributed system is characterized in that step is:
Step 301, external session initiation protocol entity are initiated to invite request, and the IP Load Balance Unit is received this request;
Step 302, IP Load Balance Unit obtain the node number of an agreement Load Balance Unit according to the load balancing strategy of source, purpose IP address or port numbers and realization;
Step 303, the IP Load Balance Unit sends to this agreement Load Balance Unit node with this request;
Step 304, the agreement Load Balance Unit is judged the invitation message type, if initial invitation, then carry out the hash computing according to the user ID of carrying in the unified resource identifier of asking in the call identification of Session initiation Protocol request or the conversation launch protocol message, in conjunction with local node information, obtain available protocol processing unit node number; Otherwise decoding obtains processing node number according to the distribution parameters of route header;
Step 305, the agreement Load Balance Unit mails to this protocol processing unit with message;
Step 306, after protocol processing unit is handled the Session initiation Protocol invite request message, transmit before the message, the request of transmitting via in and a spreading parameter in the route record that the inserts node number of totally two place's marks oneself, the former is the distribution processor for convenience of response message, and the latter then is the distribution that solves request message
Step 307 protocol processing unit is gone out forwards;
Step 308～309, the called subscriber is to request-reply, and response message arrives the agreement Load Balance Unit through the IP Load Balance Unit;
Step 310, the agreement Load Balance Unit obtains call treatment protocol processing unit node number according to the content decoding via header fields in the response message;
Step 311-312, response message is transmitted to the calling subscriber through protocol processing unit, IP Load Balance Unit;
Step 313 ~ 314, message arrived the agreement Load Balance Unit through the IP Load Balance Unit in the user initiated to talk with;
Step 315, the agreement Load Balance Unit obtains the protocol processing unit node number according to the privately owned parameter of expansion in the first route header field in the request;
Step 316, the agreement Load Balance Unit is given protocol processing unit with forwards.
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