CN101165952A - Humidification technology and humidification system for large power PEM fuel battery test platform - Google Patents
Humidification technology and humidification system for large power PEM fuel battery test platform Download PDFInfo
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- CN101165952A CN101165952A CNA200610117202XA CN200610117202A CN101165952A CN 101165952 A CN101165952 A CN 101165952A CN A200610117202X A CNA200610117202X A CN A200610117202XA CN 200610117202 A CN200610117202 A CN 200610117202A CN 101165952 A CN101165952 A CN 101165952A
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- temperature
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/30—Hydrogen technology
- Y02E60/50—Fuel cells
Abstract
This invention puts forward a design plan for wetting technology and system used in test platforms of large power fuel cells, which puts forward a heat-exchange system of two stages or multiple stages to transfer heat generated by fuel cells to reactant gas entering into the fuel cell, in order to increase the gas/liquid medium-transfer ability of the wet system, a high efficient filled converse flow spray tower is taken as a main wetting device and temperature of a spray medium is controlled accurately to guarantee temperature of wetting and saturation of vapor, which can control the relative humidity of the reactant gas entering into a fuel cell stack within +-2% and relative temperature in +-0.1deg.C by controlling the temperature of an overheater with an outer heater and efficient heat-transmitting filling component accurately, and a foam-removing system with accurate temperature control is matched to avoid liquid from entering into the back system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to fuel cell technology, relate in particular to a kind of humidifying technology and humidification system that is used for large power PEM fuel battery test platform.
Background technology
Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells be a kind of can with hydrogen-rich fuel and oxidant continuous high-efficient change into the device of electric energy.The three in one membreane electrode that Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells is assembled into by scribbling Catalytic Layer respectively in proton film both sides (Membrane Electrode Assembly, MEA), the flow-field plate of reacting gas fuel-side, air side flow-field plate form.Its core component is a three in one membreane electrode, and its structure is: middle is proton exchange membrane, and both sides scribble cathode catalysis layer and anode catalyst layer respectively, and outermost has gas diffusion layers.
During Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells work, fuel in anode-catalyzed laminar surface generation electrochemical reaction, loses electronics by anode gas diffusion layer, forms proton (H
+), H
+Can pass through proton exchange membrane, arrive negative electrode one side of membrane electrode.Meanwhile, the gas that contains oxidant reacts at cathode catalysis laminar surface and the proton that sees through the proton film by cathode diffusion layer, generates water.
In the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells that adopts hydrogen, air to act as a fuel, the equation of anode reaction and cathode reaction is:
Anode reaction H
2→ 2H
++ 2e
Cathode reaction O
2+ 4H
++ 4e → 2H
2O
Used proton exchange membrane in the membrane electrode of fuel batter with proton exchange film needs hydrone and exists in the battery operation process at present, and it is preserved moisture.Because have only the proton of aquation just can freely pass proton exchange membrane, arrive the cloudy end of electrode from the electrode oedoeagus and participate in electrochemical reaction.Otherwise, when the air of a large amount of dryings to the fuel cell supply, easily the hydrone in the proton exchange membrane is taken away when they leave, cause proton can't pass proton exchange membrane, the electrode internal resistance sharply increases, battery performance sharply descends.So the purpose of proton exchange membrane humidification is exactly the ability that makes proton exchange membrane maintenance transmission proton in the fuel cell, the humidification deficiency, the proton exchange membrane transmittability is poor, influences battery performance; Humidification is undue, can flood electrode, also can cause the decline of battery performance simultaneously.Therefore, humidification is the key technology of Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells.
The mode that is applied to the Proton Exchange Membrane Fuel Cells humidification at present mainly contains two classes:
1, outer humidification: humidification device separates with fuel battery, and at the outside self-existent humidification device of fuel battery.Mainly directly outside this, collide the purpose that the hydrone that impels the GAS ABSORPTION vaporization reaches humidified gas with hydrone by fully mixing in the humidifying device by hydrogen gas or air gas.
2, interior humidification: interior humidifying device is the part that fuel battery is formed.Fuel battery is divided into two parts, and a part is interior humidification section, and another part is the active active section of battery.Interior humidification section is made of humidification baffler and humidification electrode, and the active active section of battery is made of baffler and membrane electrode.The humidification electrode often can be carried out the film that hydrone freely exchanges and formed by a kind of, this film can allow deionized water flow on one side of film, and allow fuel gas or oxidant gas, flow as the another side of air at film, film can be separated fuel gas or air and liquid water molecules, but hydrone can pass freely through film again and enter in fuel gas or the air and go, and reaches the humidifying purpose.
Summary of the invention
The present invention proposes a kind of humidifying technology of high power fuel cell testboard and design of humidification system of being used for.In order to reduce the power demand of large test platform, the heat that rationally utilizes fuel cell and generated, reduce the consumption of coolant and to the thermal diffusion of testboard surrounding enviroment, the reactant gas that the heat transferred that this patent has proposed to adopt two-stage or multi-stage heat exchanger system that fuel cell is generated enters fuel cell.In order to improve the gas-liquid mass transfer ability of humidification system, this patent has proposed to adopt and the reverse flow spray column of high efficiency packing has been housed as main humidifying equipment.Accurately the temperature (temperature of deionized water) of control spray medium can be guaranteed the temperature of humidifying and the saturation of steam.Enter the back system for fear of drop, this patent has proposed to be furnished with the foam-removing system of accurate temperature control, guarantees to enter in the humidified gas of superheater not have any drop.In order to control the relative humidity of the reactant gas that enters fuel cell pile, this patent has proposed to have the superheater of outer heater and efficient heat transfer filler assembly, by accurate control to superheater temperature, the relative humidity that enters the fuel cell pile reactant gas can be controlled at ± 2% in, temperature is controlled at ± 0.1 ℃ in, for the test of fuel cell provides good experiment condition.
Description of drawings
Figure is a large power PEM fuel battery test platform humidification system schematic diagram
Embodiment
Come from the liquid level gauge control electromagnetically operated valve of the deionized water of deionized water pipeline, enter deionization tank 1 by normal pressure deionization tank 1.With small pump 2 flow through heat exchanger 3 of the deionized water in the deionization tank is improved after the temperature moisturizing heating tank 4 that in accordance with regulations flow is sent into the control of band liquid level.According to the system pressure of testboard, this small pump 2 can be peristaltic pump, membrane pump or centrifugal pump.Can adopt stepping motor or ac variable frequency speed regulation motor to regulate rotating speed of motor, thereby the refill flow of control deionized water maintain the deionized water of moisturizing heating tank 4 on the constant liquid level according to the liquid level of moisturizing heating tank 4.Be furnished with temperature sensor on the moisturizing heating tank 4, the temperature that the temperature controller by precision will spray the hot deionized water of usefulness remains on by under the given design temperature of control system, and temperature-controlled precision can reach ± and 0.2 ℃.Also be furnished with two position warning and chain on the moisturizing heating tank 4, guarantee that water-spray system moves under correct operating condition.
The flow of oxygen reactant gas is measured and controlled to the reactant gas that comes from source of the gas through reactant gas flow measurement and control module 6, goes back its pressure and temperature of energy measurement simultaneously.Enter heat exchanger 7 then, with the discharging gas heating that comes from heat exchanger 3.Discharging gas after the heat exchange is discharged heat exchanger and is entered atmosphere; If still be imflammable gas, can be by entering atmosphere after the afterburner burning.The condensed water that generates through condensation in heat exchanger 3 and heat exchanger 7 flows into condensate groove 12, discharges system through liquid level gauge and solenoid control.To send into high efficiency packing spray column 8 through the reactant gas after the heating and carry out humidifying.
With pump the flow in accordance with regulations of the hot deionized water in the moisturizing heating tank 4 is sent into high efficiency packing spray column 8, the deionized water that exchanges through caloic flows out from high efficiency packing spray column 8 tower bottom tube mouths, flows into moisturizing heater 4 with the supplementing water that comes from heat exchanger 3.After being heated to set point of temperature, loop back high efficiency packing spray column 8 by circulating pump 5.In high efficiency packing spray column 8, the reactant gas of rising is carried out the caloic exchange with the hot deionized water that descends, and makes reactant gas reach the saturation temperature and the 100%RH of setting.Because having used specific area is 700～2000M
2/ M
3High efficiency packing, make that gas-liquid is evenly distributed mutually in the spray column, very big gas-liquid exchange area is arranged; Greatly improved gas-liquid exchange ground efficient, reduced requirement the spray column tower height.
The saturated reactant gas that flows out from spray column enters the demister of being furnished with heating unit.Remove the water smoke that may carry secretly in the reactant gas, compensate thermal loss with heater, the temperature maintenance that makes reactant gas is under saturation temperature.The temperature sensor that is located at the demister outlet detects the gas phase temperature of outlet, and the heater power by temperature controller control moisturizing heating tank 4, demister 9 and high efficiency packing spray column 8 remains under the saturation temperature of setting this temperature.Reasonable distribution equipment 4,8 and the configuration of 9 heater power make the hyperharmonic imbalance of temperature reach minimum, adapt to the complex conditions that fuel battery test platform moves under very wide range of flow.Circulating pump 5 adopts the ac variable frequency speed regulation motor to regulate and the control flow, guarantees the interior gas liquid ratio of spray column within the limits prescribed.
Demister 9 outlets are admitted to superheater 10 through water saturated reactant gas.The high efficiency packing of augmentation of heat transfer is housed in the superheater, improves heat transfer area, reduce the temperature overshoot and the thermal ataxia that cause because the superheater wall surface temperature is incorrect.According to the big or small temperature difference of determining between saturation temperature and the overtemperature of the predetermined relative humidity of experimental condition, thereby and determine the stack temperature of going into of reactant gas, with the temperature sensor signal on the pile inlet sensor interface is detection signal, by the heating time and the power of adjusting of precision temperature controller and control superheater 1, the reactant gas temperature maintenance that will enter pile is on the design temperature of regulation.
Claims (14)
1. a humidification system that is used for large power PEM fuel battery test platform comprises deionization tank 1, pump water pump 2, heat exchanger 3, the moisturizing heater 4 of band liquid level control, shower water circulating pump 5, reactant gas flow measurement and control 6, heat exchanger 7, high efficiency packing spray column 8, demister 9, superheater 10, pile inlet sensor interface 11, tank 12 condenses.
2. the described deionization tank of claim 1 is characterized in that: by liquid level gauge control electromagnetically operated valve it is carried out moisturizing.
3. the described small pump of claim 1, it is characterized in that: according to the system pressure of testboard, this small pump can be peristaltic pump, membrane pump or centrifugal pump.
4. the described moisturizing heating tank of claim 1, it is characterized in that: on this moisturizing heating tank, be furnished with temperature sensor, the temperature that temperature controller by precision will spray the hot deionized water of usefulness remains on by under the given design temperature of control system, and control precision can reach ± and 0.2 ℃.
5. the described moisturizing heating tank of claim 1 is characterized in that: also be furnished with two position warning and chain on this moisturizing heating tank, guarantee that water-spray system moves under correct operating condition.
6. the described shower water circulating pump of claim 1 is characterized in that: adopt the flow of adjusting of ac variable frequency speed regulation motor and Control Circulation pump, guarantee the interior gas liquid ratio of spray column within the limits prescribed.
7. described reactant gas flow measurement of claim 1 and control module is characterized in that: this reactant gas flow measurement and control module, the flow of energy measurement and control oxygen reactant gas is gone back its pressure and temperature of energy measurement simultaneously.
8. the described tank that condenses of claim 1 is characterized in that: this tank that condenses receives the condensate that heat exchanger 3 and heat exchanger 7 condensations generate, and discharges system through liquid level gauge and solenoid control.
9. the described high efficiency packing spray column of claim 1, it is characterized in that: this spray column is main humidifying equipment, utilizes the water temperature of the flow of circulating pump and recirculated water to control the humidifying saturation temperature of reactant gas.
10. the high efficiency packing in the described spray column of claim 9, it is characterized in that: the specific area of this high efficiency packing is 700～2000M
2/ M
3, increased the gas-liquid exchange area, the interior gas-liquid of spray column is evenly distributed mutually, greatly improved the efficient of gas-liquid exchange; Make by humidified gases in as far as possible little tower height, to reach fully saturated, reduced requirement the spray column tower height.
11. the described demister of claim 1 is characterized in that: this demister has electrical heat tracing, and accurately controls temperature, removes the droplet that might carry secretly in the saturated reactant gas of desaturation.
12. the described superheater of claim 1.It is characterized in that: the high efficiency packing of augmentation of heat transfer is housed in the superheater, improves heat transfer area, reduce the temperature overshoot and the thermal ataxia that cause because the superheater wall surface temperature is incorrect.
13. the heating power of the described superheater of claim 12, it is characterized in that: the temperature difference that adopts reactant gas to advance between stack temperature and the spray column outlet temperature is controlled the heating power of superheater, and then regulates the relative humidity that enters the fuel cell pile reactant gas.
14. humidification system adopts two-stage or three-stage heat exchanger to make pile exit gas and fresh reactant agent gas, additional deionized water heat exchange, make full use of the latent heat of fuel cell pile exit gas, the heating power of reduction testboard, reach the energy-conservation purpose that surrounding enviroment is polluted with minimizing.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200610117202XA CN101165952A (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Humidification technology and humidification system for large power PEM fuel battery test platform |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA200610117202XA CN101165952A (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Humidification technology and humidification system for large power PEM fuel battery test platform |
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| CN101165952A true CN101165952A (en) | 2008-04-23 |
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| CNA200610117202XA Pending CN101165952A (en) | 2006-10-17 | 2006-10-17 | Humidification technology and humidification system for large power PEM fuel battery test platform |
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Cited By (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104977542A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2015-10-14 | 爱斯佩克株式会社 | Apparatus for testing secondary battery |
| CN107490769A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-19 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of fuel cell water distribution visualizes on-line detecting system |
| CN108169690A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-15 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel battery engines mechanism for testing |
| CN109361002A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-19 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high power fuel cell testboard humidifier |
| CN109585880A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-04-05 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七二研究所） | A kind of fuel battery test platform gas supply water system |
| CN109728331A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-05-07 | 北京建筑大学 | One proton exchanging film fuel battery dynamic performance testing system and its working method |
| CN112234230A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-01-15 | 武汉长海高新技术有限公司 | Fuel cell test gas temperature and humidity control system and method |
| CN113871658A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-31 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | Humidification system for fixed fuel cell power station and control method |
-
2006
- 2006-10-17 CN CNA200610117202XA patent/CN101165952A/en active Pending
Cited By (11)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104977542A (en) * | 2014-04-09 | 2015-10-14 | 爱斯佩克株式会社 | Apparatus for testing secondary battery |
| CN107490769A (en) * | 2017-07-28 | 2017-12-19 | 电子科技大学 | A kind of fuel cell water distribution visualizes on-line detecting system |
| CN108169690A (en) * | 2017-12-29 | 2018-06-15 | 上海神力科技有限公司 | A kind of fuel battery engines mechanism for testing |
| CN109585880A (en) * | 2018-10-10 | 2019-04-05 | 武汉船用电力推进装置研究所（中国船舶重工集团公司第七二研究所） | A kind of fuel battery test platform gas supply water system |
| CN109361002A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-02-19 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | A kind of high power fuel cell testboard humidifier |
| CN109728331A (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2019-05-07 | 北京建筑大学 | One proton exchanging film fuel battery dynamic performance testing system and its working method |
| CN109361002B (en) * | 2018-11-30 | 2023-09-19 | 安徽明天氢能科技股份有限公司 | Humidifier for high-power fuel cell test bench |
| CN112234230A (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2021-01-15 | 武汉长海高新技术有限公司 | Fuel cell test gas temperature and humidity control system and method |
| CN112234230B (en) * | 2020-07-20 | 2023-06-27 | 武汉长海高新技术有限公司 | Temperature and humidity control system and method for fuel cell test gas |
| CN113871658A (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2021-12-31 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | Humidification system for fixed fuel cell power station and control method |
| CN113871658B (en) * | 2021-09-08 | 2023-02-17 | 上海齐耀动力技术有限公司 | Humidification system for fixed fuel cell power station and control method |
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Open date: 20080423 |