CN101160725A - Lossless encoding of information with guaranteed maximum bitrate - Google Patents
Lossless encoding of information with guaranteed maximum bitrate Download PDFInfo
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- CN101160725A CN101160725A CNA2006800120914A CN200680012091A CN101160725A CN 101160725 A CN101160725 A CN 101160725A CN A2006800120914 A CNA2006800120914 A CN A2006800120914A CN 200680012091 A CN200680012091 A CN 200680012091A CN 101160725 A CN101160725 A CN 101160725A
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Abstract
The present invention is based on the finding that parameters including a first set of parameters (130a) of a representation of a first portion of an original signal and including a second set of parameters (130b) of a representation of a second portion of the original signal can be efficiently- encoded, when the parameters are arranged in a first sequence of tuples (134a, 134b) and in a second sequence (136a, 136b) of tuples, wherein the first sequence of tuples comprises tuples of parameters having two parameters from a single portion of the original signal and wherein the second sequence of tuples comprises tuples of parameters having one parameter from the first portion and one parameter from the second portion of the original signal. An efficient encoding can be achieved using a bit estimator to estimate the number of necessary bits to encode the first and the second sequence of tuples, wherein only the sequence of tuples is encoded, that results in the lower number of bits.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the lossless coding of the value of information, be specifically related to such conception of species: the Maximum Bit Rate of guaranteeing the coded representation of the value of information.
Background technology
Recently, it is important that the multi-channel audio reproducing technology more and more shows, this perhaps is because the following fact: the audio compression/coding techniques of at present known mp3 technology for example makes that utilizing network or other to have band-limited transmission channel distributes audio recording and become possibility.It is so famous why this mp3 coding techniques can become, and is because the following fact: it can be with stereo format, that is to comprise first or left stereo channel and second or the numeral of the audio recording of right stereo channel, comes distributed recorder.
Yet two traditional sound channel systems have its basic shortcoming, therefore, develop the surround sound technology.A kind of multichannel surround sound of recommendation is represented except comprising two stereo channel L and R, also comprises extra centre gangway C and two surround channel Ls, Rs.It is three/two stereo that this reference sound format is also referred to as, and means it and have three front passage and two surround channels.In general, five transmission channels are necessary.In playback environment, need at least five loud speakers are placed on five suitable positions, to obtain the best sweet point of articulation apart from these five the loud speaker specific ranges of suitably having placed.
Many known technology have been arranged, can be used for reducing the needed data volume of transmission multi-channel audio signal, these technology are called joint stereo techniques.For this purpose, please refer to the 9th figure, wherein shown a joint stereo device 60.This equipment can be an equipment that is used for carrying out intensity stereo (intensity stereo is abbreviated as IS) or binaural cue coding (binauralcue coding is abbreviated as BCC).An equipment like this can receive usually at least two passages (CH1, CH2 ... CHn) as input, and output is single carrier channel and supplemental characteristic at least.This supplemental characteristic is defined, make in decoder, can calculate Src Chan (CH1, CH2 ... approaching CHn) (approximation).
In general, this carrier channel can comprise sub-band sampling, spectral coefficient, time-domain sampling etc., the better expression of basis (underlying) signal can be provided thus, and supplemental characteristic does not comprise the sampling of this spectral coefficient, but comprise Control Parameter, to control specific algorithm for reconstructing, for example multiplication weighting, time-shifting, frequency translation, phase shift etc.This supplemental characteristic therefore only comprise this signal or with the more rough expression of the passage of its connection.If represent with numeral, the required data volume of carrier channel is greatly in the scope of 60kbit/s to 70kbit/s.And the needed data volume of parameter supplementary of a passage is typically in the scope of 1.5kbit/s to 2.5kbit/s.Several known supplemental characteristics comprise: zoom factor, intensity stereo information or binaural cue parameter, and as hereinafter described.
For example, BCC technology narration to some extent in following article: AES convention paper5574, " Binaural Cue Coding applied to Stereo and Multi-ChannelAudio Compression ", C.Faller, F.Baumgarte, May 2002, Munich; IEEEWASPAA Paper " Efficient representation of spatial audio usingperceptual parametrization ", October 2001, Mohonk, NY; " Binauralcue coding applied to audio compression with flexible rendering ", C.Faller and F.Baumgarte, AES 113
ThConvention, LosAngeles, Preprint 5686, and October 2002; And " Binaural cuecoding-Part II:Schemes and applications ", C.Faller and F.Baumgarte, IEEE Trans.on Speech and Audio Proc., volumelevel.11, no.6, Nov.2003.
In the BCC coded system, at first utilize conversion that a plurality of audio input channels are converted to frequency spectrum designation based on discrete Fourier transform (DFT) (Discrete Fourier Transform is abbreviated as DFT) with overlapping window.The uniform frequency spectrum that is obtained by said method is divided into nonoverlapping part, and the frequency range of each part and equivalent rectangular bandwidth (Equivalent Rectangular Bandwidth is abbreviated as ERB) are approximated to direct ratio.At each part, between two passages, carry out the estimation of BCC parameter then.In general, the BCC parameter of each passage all provides with respect to reference channel, and further is quantized.This transmission parameter calculates according to the equation (having encoded) of appointment at last again, and it also may depend on the specific part of pending signal.
A plurality of BCC parameters exist really.For example, the ICLD parameter is used for describing poor (ratio) of two energy that passage comprises of comparing.Inter-channel coherence/correlation (inter-channel coherence/correlation is abbreviated as ICC) parameter is used for describing two correlations between the passage, and it can be understood as the similitude of two passage waveforms.Interchannel time difference (inter-channel time difference, being abbreviated as ICTD) parameter is used for describing the overall time shift between two passages, and inter-channel phase difference (inter-channel phasedifference is abbreviated as IPD) parameter then is be used for describing phase place between the signal poor.
Should be noted in the discussion above that in the frame formula of audio signal and handle in (frame-wise processing) that BCC analyzes also and carries out with the frame formula, becomes in the time of just, but also carries out with frequency type (frequency-wise).This means,, obtain the BCC parameter respectively for each spectral band.This also means, if with sound filter group (bank) input signal is decomposed into for example 32 bandpass signals, then the BCC analysis block obtains at each BCC parameter group in these 32 wave bands.
A kind of relevant technology, just so-called parameter stereo, in following article, describe to some extent: J.Breebaart, S.van de Par, A.Kohlrausch, E.Schuijers " High-Quality Parametric Spatial Audio Coding at Low Bitrates ", AES 116
ThConvention, Berlin, Preprint 6072, and May 2004; And E.Schuijers, J.Breebaart, H.Purnhagen, J.Engdegard, " LowComplexity Parametric Stereo Coding ", AES 116
ThConvention, Berlin, Preprint 6073, and May 2004.
In gross, recently the method for multi-channel audio signal parameter coding (spatial audio coding and binaural cue coding etc.), be (can be single pass by down mixing (downmix) signal, perhaps comprise some passages) and parameter supplementary (spatial cues) represent multi-channel audio signal, described parameter supplementary has been described the feature of the spatial sound sound stage width (sound stage) of perception.Usually wish with the data transfer rate of supplementary keep low as far as possible so that overhead information is reduced to minimum, and reserve available transfer capability as much as possible for the coding of mixed signal down.
A kind of bit rate that makes supplementary remains low method and is, for example by using the entropy coding algorithm to supplementary, the supplementary of space audio scheme is carried out lossless coding.
Lossless coding has been widely used in the general audio coding, represents with the spectral coefficient guaranteeing to quantize and the optimum tight of supplementary.The suitable encoding scheme and the example of method can find in ISO/IEC standard MPEG1 the 3rd part, MPEG2 the 7th part and MPEG4 the 3rd part.
These standards and, IEEE paper " Noiseless Coding of QuantizedSpectral Coefficients in MPEG-2 Advanced Audio Coding " S.R.Quackenbush for example, J.D.Johnston, IEEE WASPAA, Mohonk, NY, October 1997 have described the technology in the prior art state, comprise with following means the parameter that quantizes is carried out lossless coding:
● multidimensional Huffman (Huffman) coding of quantization spectral coefficient
● at coefficient sets, use public (multidimensional) Huffman code book
● value is encoded to a hole (hole), perhaps symbolic information and quantity information are encoded respectively and (promptly only have Huffman code book clauses and subclauses at given absolute value, this has reduced the size of required code book, the comparison of " signed " and " signless " code book)
● use to have the alternative code book of different maximum values, that is in parameter to be encoded, have different maximum values
● at each LAV, use alternative code book with different Distribution Statistics
● the mode with supplementary is sent to decoder to the selection of Huffman code book
● use " subregion " (sections) to define the range of application of each selected Huffman code book
● the differential coding of frequency zoom factor, and subsequently the result is carried out huffman coding
In the MPEG1 audio standard, propose another kind the rudenss quantization value (is known as grouping (grouping) with the technology that harmless mode is encoded to single PCM sign indicating number in this standard, and be used for the 2nd layer), this has more detailed explanation in ISO/IEC standard 111 72-3:93.
Publication " Binaural cue coding-Part II:Schemes andapplications ", C.Faller and F.Baumgarte, IEEE Trans.on Speechand Audio Proc., volume level.11, no.6, Nov.2003 mention the information of some relevant BCC parameter codings. and it proposes as follows the ICLD parameter that quantizes to be carried out differential coding:
● on frequency, carry out differential coding, and subsequently the result is carried out huffman coding (using the one dimension Huffman code)
● carry out differential coding in time, and subsequently the result is carried out huffman coding (using the one dimension Huffman code)
At last, select the expression of more efficient variant (variant) as original audio signal.
As noted earlier, proposed by on frequency (and alternatively in time) carry out differential coding, select more efficient variant then and compression performance is optimized.Then, give decoder by some supplementarys with selected variant signaling (signal).
Above these prior aries of narrating are used for reducing for example necessary data quantity transmitted of audio or video stream institute.That is narrated before using can produce the bit stream of non-constant bit rate usually based on the lossless coding techniques of entropy coding scheme.
Reduce size of data to be transmitted significantly though these prior aries are applicable to, they all have a basic shortcoming.Because entropy coding mainly compresses in the value of information that data centralization to be compressed often occurs being considered to, therefore, a large amount of rare parameters that occur continuously will cause very big code length.Because this parameter combinations may occur in complex data stream to be encoded sometimes, therefore the bit stream that is produced generally has the subregion (section) than higher bit rate.
In these subregions, if bit rate surpasses the maximum feasible bit rate (maximum feasible bit rate) of transmission medium (transport medium), the maximum net data transfer rate of the wireless link during for example stream is used, so the transmission of coded data may take place to pause or even be interrupted, that yes is worst for this.
Summary of the invention
Purpose of the present invention aims to provide a kind ofly to be carried out lossless coding, guarantees notion than low bit rate simultaneously the value of information.
According to a first aspect of the invention, this purpose can be used for by encoding greater than the described value of information of one bit by a kind of, encoder with the coded representation of deriving this value of information is realized, described encoder comprises: bit estimator, be suitable for using first coding rule and second coding rule to estimate to the encode quantity of required information unit of the value of information, described first coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of varying number, described second coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of equal number, wherein, described coded representation is derived from the value of information combination of the value of information with at least two combinations; And device is provided, be suitable for providing using causing the coded representation of deriving at the coding rule of the information unit of the lesser amt of coded representation, and provide the described coded representation of indication based on the Rule Information of coding rule.
According to a second aspect of the invention, this purpose can be used for by decoding greater than the coded representation of one the described value of information of bit and being used to handle indication the encode decoder of Rule Information of employed coding rule of this value of information being realized by a kind of, described decoder comprises: receiver is used to receive described coded representation and described Rule Information; And decompressor, be used for described coded representation is decoded, described decompressor depends on described rule information and uses the first decoding rule or the second decoding rule to derive the described value of information, the described first decoding rule makes, from the coded representation of information unit, derive the described value of information with varying number, and use second decoding regular, the described second decoding rule makes, from the coded representation of the value of information, derive the described value of information with equal number, wherein, the described value of information has from described coded representation in the value of information combination of the value of information of two combinations at least derives.
According to a third aspect of the invention we, this purpose can be used for by encoding greater than the described value of information of one bit by a kind of, method with the coded representation of deriving the described value of information realizes, described method comprises: use first coding rule and second coding rule to estimate the encode quantity of required information unit of the described value of information, described first coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of varying number, described second coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of equal number, wherein, described coded representation is derived from the value of information combination of the value of information with at least two combinations; And provide to use and cause the coded representation of deriving at the coding rule of the information unit of the lesser amt of coded representation, and provide the described coded representation of indication based on the Rule Information of coding rule.
According to a forth aspect of the invention, this purpose can be realized by a kind of computer program of carrying out said method when moving on computers.
According to a fifth aspect of the invention, this purpose can be used for by decoding greater than the coded representation of one the described value of information of bit and being used to handle indication the encode method of Rule Information of employed coding rule of this value of information being realized that described method comprises by a kind of: receive described coded representation and described Rule Information; And depend on described Rule Information, use the first decoding rule or the second decoding rule that described coded representation is decoded, the described first decoding rule makes, from the coded representation of information unit, derive the described value of information with varying number, and use second decoding regular, the described second decoding rule makes, from the coded representation of the value of information, derive the described value of information with equal number, wherein, the described value of information has from described coded representation in the value of information combination of the value of information of two combinations at least derives.
According to a sixth aspect of the invention, this purpose can be realized by a kind of computer program of carrying out said method when moving on computers.
According to a seventh aspect of the invention, this purpose can be realized by a kind of coded representation of the value of information, wherein, described coded representation comprises: the first that uses first coding rule to produce, described first coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of varying number; The second portion that uses second coding rule to produce, described second coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of equal number, wherein, described coded representation is derived from the value of information combination of the value of information with at least two combinations; And Rule Information, indicate employed coding rule.
The present invention is based on following discovery: when first coding rule of the value of information coded representation that generation is had variable-length compares with second coding rule that produces the value of information coded representation with regular length, and when the coding rule of the coded representation of the information unit of selecting to cause to need lesser amt, can derive the tight coded representation of the value of information that is no more than pre-sizing.Therefore, can guarantee that Maximum Bit Rate is the Maximum Bit Rate of deriving second coding rule of second coded representation at least.The selection of coding rule together being sent together with the coded representation of the value of information, can during using and encode, decoder end the matched decoding rule of employed coding rule derive the correct value of information afterwards by certain Rule Information.
This principle will be summarized in following paragraph in more detail, suppose that the variable-length code (VLC) of suitable design and the statistics of the value of information to be encoded are complementary.
When quantized values was used entropy coding, the required actual requirement of expression data set depended on that numerical value to be encoded is known.In general, numerical value is similar more, and then the bit that is consumed is just few more.Otherwise very dissimilar data set needs high bit rate.What may occur under this mode is, some data block needs very high data transfer rate, and this is disadvantageous, for example has under the situation of limited transmission capacity in transmission channel.
Even the method that is proposed also can be guaranteed the known upper limit of bit demand that the data set of entropy coding is encoded under the situation of very rare numerical value.Particularly, this method guarantees that bit demand can not surpass the bit demand of using the PCM sign indicating number.This coding method can be summarized as follows:
● (Huffman for example, Huffman) cataloged procedure is encoded to data set to use conventional entropy.Store resulting bit demand.
● calculate the bit demand of representing at PCM.Notice that this only is that quantity with numerical value to be encoded multiply by the PCM code length, perhaps multiply by the part of PCM code length, therefore calculates easily.
● if the bit demand of entropy coding surpasses the bit demand of pcm encoder, then select pcm encoder, and, give decoder selected pcm encoder signaling by suitable supplementary.
Decoder stage is worked in the corresponding way.
In a preferred embodiment of the invention, relatively entropy coding scheme and PCM sign indicating number are encoded to quantized values.
In the above embodiment of the present invention, Maximum Bit Rate is limited by the word length of PCM sign indicating number.Therefore, knowing under the situation of this word length, can advantageously design a kind of system that comprises encoder, transmission medium and decoder, making its transmission capacity surpass the Maximum Bit Rate that is limited by the PCM sign indicating number, guaranteeing safe operation by selecting transmission medium.
In second preferred embodiment, based on previous embodiments of the invention, some values of information are combined as the single value that can use pcm encoder to represent more efficiently extraly, that is, this single value has near the inferior scope of 2 power.Grouping (grouping) is illustrated in further detail by following Example:
Scope is that the quantification variate-value of 0...4 (i.e. 5 possible different values) can't be represented effectively with the PCM sign indicating number, because the minimum of 3 bits possibility code length can be wasted 3 in 2^3=8 the probable value.The single sign indicating number that 3 these variablees (therefore having the 5^3=125 kind to make up) is combined as 7 bit long can reduce amount of redundancy significantly, because 5^3=125 is near 2^7=128.
Therefore, the association of ideas formula that this method and being used to of being proposed retrain the upper limit of bit demand realizes, use is used for grouping pcm encoder (and retrusive (fall-back) coding) the substituting as PCM of the upper limit of specified data rate.
This knockdown realization has the obvious advantage that can further reduce Maximum Bit Rate.
Description of drawings
Below with reference to accompanying drawing the preferred embodiments of the present invention are described, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows encoder of the present invention;
Fig. 2 shows the example of the bit estimation of the notion according to the present invention;
Fig. 3 a before being illustrated in pcm encoder divides into groups two values of information;
Fig. 3 b shows the grouping of three values of information;
Fig. 4 shows decoder of the present invention; And
Fig. 5 shows the multi-channel audio decoder according to prior art.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows the block diagram of encoder of the present invention, and this encoder is used for the value of information is encoded, or the coded representation of derived information value, with the Maximum Bit Rate of guaranteeing to fix.Encoder 100 comprises bit estimator (bite estimator) 102 and device (provider) 104 is provided.
The value of information 106 to be encoded is transfused to bit estimator 102 and device (104) is provided.In a kind of possible execution mode, bit estimator 102 uses first coding rule and second coding rule to estimate the quantity of required information unit.Provide device 104 can obtain following information by regular data link 108: which coding rule will cause the coded representation of the less information unit quantity of needs.Then, provide device 104 to use the coding rule that is obtained that the value of information 106 is encoded, and transmit coded representation 110 and Rule Information 112, wherein the employed coding rule of Rule Information 112 indications at its output.
Formerly in the modification of the embodiments of the invention of Miao Shuing, bit estimator 102 uses first and second coding rules that the value of information 106 is encoded.Then, bit estimator 102 is calculated two kinds of information units that coded representation is required, and the coded representation with less information unit quantity and Rule Information is sent to device 104 is provided.The expression that dotted line data link 114 expression among Fig. 1 has been encoded from bit estimator to the possible transfer that device is provided.Then, provide device 104 only the expression of having encoded to be passed on (forward) to its output, and transmit Rule Information 112 extraly.
Fig. 2 shows bit estimator 102 and how to estimate the required amount of bits of derivation coded representation by Huffman code and PCM sign indicating number are compared.
Be used for comparison and guarantee that the PCM sign indicating number of maximum constant bit rate comprises that length is the PCM code word of 4 bits, allow 16 possible code words, as shown in PCM explanation 126.
In the simple examples herein, the value of information 128 to be encoded is represented by 6 continuous integral numbers (011256), this means, each value of information only has ten kinds of possible settings.The value of information 128 is transfused to bit estimator 102, and bit estimator 102 uses Huffman code book (as shown in the Huffman subregion 130 of bit estimator 102) and PCM to represent (as shown in PCM subregion 132), derives and makes up the required bit number of coded representation.As can be seen from Figure 2, the entropy coding of the value of information is represented 22 bits of needs, and pcm encoder is represented 24 bits of needs, and promptly the quantity of the value of information multiply by the bit length of single PCM code word.Under the situation of Fig. 2, encoder of the present invention will adopt the entropy coding of the value of information to represent, and sends with entropy coding and represent the suitable Rule Information together exported.
Fig. 3 a and 3b illustrate: by the value of information 128 advantageously being divided into groups to form the value of information group of pcm encoder, further to reduce the possibility of Maximum Bit Rate.
Next, use with Fig. 2 in the identical value of information 128, divide into groups for the influence of the notion of the present invention that the value of information is encoded to emphasize PCM.
Equally, because the single value of information only has ten kinds of possible settings, so before the PCM that sets up combined value represents, can advantageously be grouped into value of information group 140a to 140c to two continuous values of information.This is possible, because 7 bit PCM sign indicating numbers allow 128 kinds of different combinations, and comprises that the group of two arbitrary information values only can set up 100 kinds of different combinations.
Now, each in value of information group 140a-140c is distributed 7 single bit PCM code word 142a-142c.From Fig. 3 a as can be seen, set up PCM represent before the application packet strategy can cause only having the coded representation of the value of information 128 of 21 bits, can represent that 24 required bits compare with ungrouped PCM among Fig. 2.In above-mentioned grouping strategy, each value of information mean consumption 3.5 bit (7 bits/2 values of information) in the data flow.
Shown in 3b figure,, can also further increase the efficient of grouping by 3 value groupings are become value of information group 146a to 146b.Can form 1000 kinds thus may make up, and can be covered by 10 bit PCM sign indicating numbers, shown in PCM code word 148a and 148b among Fig. 3.Therefore, this PCM only need to represent 20 bits, and every value of information average number of bits further is reduced to 3.33 (10/3).
Can find out significantly, divide into groups, for the required bit rate of encoding has brought obvious benefit, because the given example of Fig. 3 a and 3b can reduce by 12.5% (16.7%) to Maximum Bit Rate by logarithm value.In addition, grouping is applied among Fig. 2 example even can makes bit estimator 102 make different decision-makings, and send signal produces the coded representation that needs low bit number with expression PCM sign indicating number.
Fig. 4 shows the block diagram according to decoder of the present invention.Decoder 160 comprises decompressor 162 receivers 163, and receiver 163 is used to provide coded representation 110 and Rule Information 112, and 112 indications of this Rule Information are to the value of information employed coding rule of encoding.
Decompressor 162 is handled this Rule Information 112, is suitable for the decoding rule of derived information value 106 from coded message 110 with derivation.
Then, decompressor 162 uses this decoding rule that coded representation 110 is decompressed, and provides the value of information 106 at its output.
In the narration of paragraph,, describe notion of the present invention in detail in front by entropy coding scheme that produces the variable bit length code and the pcm encoder scheme that produces the fixed bit length code are compared.Notion of the present invention never is limited to the sign indicating number of these kinds that compare in the cataloged procedure.Basically, the combination in any of two or more yards all is suitable for comparing, and derives the as far as possible closely value of information coded representation of (compact), and is particularly more tight when deriving when only using a kind of sign indicating number.
The present invention is described in the environment of audio coding, and wherein, notion according to the present invention is carried out Code And Decode to for example describing the parameter of the spatial character of audio signal.The notion of the present invention that can guarantee the Maximum Bit Rate of encoded content also can be advantageously used in any other the parametric representation or value of information.
Be particularly suitable for the parameter of previous quantification is carried out the execution mode of entropy coding, because the code efficiency of expection can be higher thus.Yet the direct frequency spectrum designation of audio or video signal (directspectral representation) also can be as the input of encoding scheme of the present invention.Especially, when signal was described by the different piece of the signal of following mutually in time, wherein time portion was described by the parameter of the frequency representation that comprises signal, and above-mentioned code means is to use in frequency with on the time.Also can use the PCM grouping, on time or frequency, parameter be divided into groups.
Though the decoder of the invention described above by means of signal to decoder (signal) to indicate the Rule Information of rule, derive information about using which kind of decoding rule that coded representation is decoded, yet in alternative, decoder 160 also can directly be derived from coded representation 110 and be used which kind of decoding rule, particular bit sequence in for example representing by recognition coding, its advantage are to omit the supplementary of the expression Rule Information that signals.
Depend on the specific implementation requirement of method of the present invention, method of the present invention can realize with hardware or software.This realization can use digital storage medium to carry out, and particularly stores dish, DVD or the CD of electronically readable control signal on it, itself and programmable computer system one biconditional operation, thus carry out method of the present invention.Therefore taking it by and large, the present invention is the computer program of code that has program stored therein on machine-readable carrier, and when this computer program moved on computers, this program code can be used to carry out method of the present invention.In other words, method of the present invention is the computer program with program code, and when this computer program moved on computers, this program code can be used for carrying out at least a method in the method for the present invention.
Though carried out specific illustrating and describing with reference to specific embodiment hereinbefore, those skilled in the art will appreciate that under the prerequisite that does not deviate from the spirit and scope of the present invention, can make various other changes in form and details.Should be understood that,, can make various changes to adapt to different embodiment not deviating under the prerequisite disclosed herein and the included wideer notion by claims.
Claims (20)
1. encoder is used for by encoding greater than the described value of information of one bit, and to derive the coded representation of this value of information, described encoder comprises:
Bit estimator is suitable for using first coding rule and second coding rule to estimate the encode quantity of required information unit of the value of information,
Described first coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of varying number;
Described second coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of equal number, and wherein, described coded representation is derived from the value of information combination of the value of information with at least two combinations; And
Device is provided, is suitable for providing using causing the coded representation of deriving at the coding rule of the information unit of the lesser amt of coded representation, and provide the described coded representation of indication based on the Rule Information of coding rule.
2. encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described first coding rule makes the quantity of the information unit that the coded representation of the fixed qty value of information is required depend on the Back ground Information value.
3. encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described first coding rule makes that deriving coded representation comprises use Huffman code book.
4. encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described second coding rule makes that deriving coded representation comprises to the single PCM code word of value of information combination distribution.
5. encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described first coding rule make to be derived coded representation and is comprised that the differential coding of derived information value represents.
6. encoder as claimed in claim 5, wherein, described differential coding is represented to be in time or to carry out differential coding on the frequency.
7. encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the described value of information comprises the parameter of describing frame of video or audio signal frame.
8. encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein, the described value of information comprises the BCC parameter of the spatial property of describing multi-channel audio signal, and described BCC parameter is selected from following BCC parameter list:
ICC (inter-channel coherence/correlation)
ICLD (interchannel level difference)
ICTD (interchannel time difference)
IPD (inter-channel phase difference).
9. encoder as claimed in claim 1, wherein, described information unit is a bit.
10. decoder is used for being decoded by the coded representation greater than one the described value of information of bit, and is used to handle indication to the encode Rule Information of employed coding rule of this value of information, and described decoder comprises:
Receiver is used to receive described coded representation and described Rule Information; And
Decompressor is used for described coded representation is decoded, and described decompressor depends on described rule information and use the first decoding rule or the second decoding rule to derive the described value of information,
The described first decoding rule makes, derives the described value of information from the coded representation of information unit with varying number, and uses the second decoding rule;
The described second decoding rule makes, derives the described value of information from the coded representation of the value of information with equal number, and wherein, the described value of information has from described coded representation in the value of information combination of the value of information of two combinations at least to be derived.
11. decoder as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the described first decoding rule makes that deriving the described value of information comprises use Huffman code book.
12. decoder as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the described second decoding rule makes that deriving the described value of information comprises the value of information combination that has the value of information of at least two combinations to the PCM of described coded representation code assignment.
13. decoder as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the coded representation of the value of information is based on the value of information that comprises the parameter of describing single frame of video or audio signal frame.
14. decoder as claimed in claim 10, wherein, the coded representation of the value of information is based on the value of information of the BCC parameter that comprises the spatial character of describing multi-channel audio signal, and wherein said BCC parameter is selected from following BCC parameter list:
ICC (inter-channel coherence/correlation)
ICLD (interchannel level difference)
ICTD (interchannel time difference)
IPD (inter-channel phase difference).
15. one kind be used for to by encode greater than the described value of information of one bit, with the method for the coded representation of deriving the described value of information, described method comprises:
Use first coding rule and second coding rule to estimate to the encode quantity of required information unit of the described value of information,
Described first coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of varying number;
Described second coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of equal number, and wherein, described coded representation is derived from the value of information combination of the value of information with at least two combinations; And
Provide to use to cause the coded representation of deriving at the coding rule of the information unit of the lesser amt of coded representation, and provide the described coded representation of indication based on the Rule Information of coding rule.
16. one kind is used for by decoding greater than the coded representation of one the described value of information of bit and being used to handle indication to the encode method of Rule Information of employed coding rule of this value of information, described method comprises:
Receive described coded representation and described Rule Information; And
Depend on described Rule Information, use the first decoding rule or the second decoding rule that described coded representation is decoded,
The described first decoding rule makes, derives the described value of information from the coded representation of information unit with varying number, and uses the second decoding rule;
The described second decoding rule makes, derives the described value of information from the coded representation of the value of information with equal number, and wherein, the described value of information has from described coded representation in the value of information combination of the value of information of two combinations at least to be derived.
17. computer program with program code, when described program code moves on computers, carry out a kind of be used for to by encode greater than the described value of information of one bit, with the method for the coded representation of deriving the described value of information, described method comprises:
Use first coding rule and second coding rule to estimate to the encode quantity of required information unit of the described value of information,
Described first coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of varying number;
Described second coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of equal number, and wherein, described coded representation is derived from the value of information combination of the value of information with at least two combinations; And
Provide to use to cause the coded representation of deriving at the coding rule of the information unit of the lesser amt of coded representation, and provide the described coded representation of indication based on the Rule Information of coding rule.
18. computer program with program code, when described program code moves on computers, carry out a kind of being used for by decoding greater than the coded representation of one the described value of information of bit and being used to handle indication to the encode method of Rule Information of employed coding rule of this value of information, described method comprises:
Receive described coded representation and described Rule Information; And
Depend on described Rule Information, use the first decoding rule or the second decoding rule that described coded representation is decoded,
The described first decoding rule makes, derives the described value of information from the coded representation of information unit with varying number, and uses the second decoding rule;
The described second decoding rule makes, derives the described value of information from the coded representation of the value of information with equal number, and wherein, the described value of information has from described coded representation in the value of information combination of the value of information of two combinations at least to be derived.
19. the coded representation of a value of information, wherein, described coded representation comprises:
The first that uses first coding rule to produce, described first coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of varying number;
The second portion that uses second coding rule to produce, described second coding rule makes, when the value of information is encoded, will cause having the coded representation of the information unit of equal number, wherein, described coded representation is derived from the value of information combination of the value of information with at least two combinations; And
Rule Information is indicated employed coding rule.
20. coded representation as claimed in claim 19, described coded representation is stored on the computer-readable medium.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US67099305P | 2005-04-13 | 2005-04-13 | |
| US60/670,993 | 2005-04-13 | ||
| US11/233,351 | 2005-09-22 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CN201410454271.4A Division CN104300991A (en) | 2005-04-13 | 2006-02-13 | Lossless encoding of information with guaranteed maximum bitrate |
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| Publication Number | Publication Date |
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| CN101160725A true CN101160725A (en) | 2008-04-09 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
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| CNA2006800120914A Pending CN101160725A (en) | 2005-04-13 | 2006-02-13 | Lossless encoding of information with guaranteed maximum bitrate |
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| CN (1) | CN101160725A (en) |
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