CN101150520A - Method and device for adjusting path maximum transfer unit - Google Patents
Method and device for adjusting path maximum transfer unit Download PDFInfo
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- CN101150520A CN101150520A CNA2007101768032A CN200710176803A CN101150520A CN 101150520 A CN101150520 A CN 101150520A CN A2007101768032 A CNA2007101768032 A CN A2007101768032A CN 200710176803 A CN200710176803 A CN 200710176803A CN 101150520 A CN101150520 A CN 101150520A
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Abstract
The invention provides a method for adjusting the Path Maximum Transmission Unit (PMTU), which includes the following steps: an intermediate node whose MTU value is changed transmits notification message to a source node; after the source node receives the notification message, the source node initiates the PMTU detection and renews the PMTU value according to the detection result. In addition, the invention also provides a notification alternation method of MTU, a notification alternation device of MTU and a PMTU adjustment device. By using the technical proposal of the invention, the source node can adjust timely the PMTU value according to the changes of MTU value of the intermediate node, reduce the occurrences of packet loss, improve the utilization rate of network resources, increase the network throughput and the performance of network links.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to IPv6 (IPv6) technology, relate in particular to method and the device of a kind of adjustment PMTU (PMTU, Path Maximal Transmit Unit).
Background technology
IPv6 is the second generation standard agreement of network layer protocol, is the upgraded version of Internet Protocol Version 4 (IPv4), and it has solved the problem of IPv4 address scarcity well.For improving data forwarding efficient, IPv6 does not support intermediate node that the data message is carried out Fragmentation, burst than long message can only carry out at source node, be that source node passes through the PMTU value of PMTU discovery mechanism acquisition source node to destination node, utilize this PMTU value to determine the data message length of its transmission then.Wherein, source node is meant that to the PMTU value of destination node source node is worth to the minimum MTU (MTU, Maximal Transmit Unit) on the destination node forward-path.
At present, the realization principle of PMTU discovery mechanism is: source node at first with the MTU value of self outbound as the PMTU value, and send datagram to destination node according to this PMTU value; If there is intermediate node to find the MTU of this message length greater than self outbound on the way, this intermediate node then abandons the message of receiving, and returns bag oversize (PacketToo Big) message of carrying self MTU value to source node; After source node was received, modification PMTU value was the MTU value in the Packet Too Big message, and data message length is reduced to amended PMTU value, resend message, till destination node receives data message.By above-mentioned discovery procedure, source node can be determined the PMTU value of the maximum data message that can transmit between itself and the destination node, when source node again when this destination node sends datagram, just use this PMTU value, effectively to utilize Internet resources, obtain optimal throughput.
Discovery procedure is illustrated to PMTU below in conjunction with Fig. 1.Among Fig. 1, the MTU of main frame 1, router one, router two outbound is respectively 1500,1400,1500 bytes, when main frame 1 will be when main frame 2 sends data, main frame 1 at first with self MTU value 1500 as the PMTU value, be 1500 message to main frame 2 transmission length; After this message arrived router one, router one was found this message length 1500 greater than self MTU value 1400, thus abandon this message, and return the Packet Too Big message of carrying self PMTU value 1400 to main frame 1; After main frame 1 is received Packet Too Big message, revising the PMTU value is 1400, and to send length to main frame 2 again be 1400 message, because amended message length 1400 surpasses the MTU value of router one and router two, so this message can correctly arrive destination host 2.After this, when main frame 1 sends datagram to main frame 2, all with 1400 bytes as the PMTU value.
In actual network environment, along with the variation of network environment, the MTU value of each node all may change at any time, but, in existing P MTU discovery mechanism, source node can not in time perceive the variation of each intermediate node MTU value on the forward-path, can't in time adjust the PMTU value of self.Have only the saturation time of waiting until to arrive, when source node was initiatively initiated the PMTU detection, source node just can perceive the variation of PMTU.This defective will be brought following adverse consequences: one, when the MTU of intermediate node diminishes, if source node still sends message with the PMTU value of original discovery, will produce a large amount of packet loss phenomenons because of message is long so; Two, when the MTU of intermediate node becomes big, if source node still sends message with the PMTU value of original discovery, Internet resources will can not get effective utilization so, thereby cause the reduction of network throughput and link performance.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, main purpose of the present invention is to provide method and the device of a kind of PMTU of adjustment, makes source node in time to adjust the PMTU value according to the MTU value variation of intermediate node.
Simultaneously, the present invention also provides a kind of MTU to change Notification Method and device, makes source node can know in time that the MTU value of intermediate node changes.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the invention is as follows:
A kind of MTU changes Notification Method, comprising:
In the PMTU discovery procedure, intermediate node record source node sign;
After intermediate node detects self MTU value and changes, send to the corresponding source node of the source node sign of record and to carry self MTU value change notification of information message.
This method further comprises: intermediate node is provided with ageing time for the source node sign of record, after ageing time arrives, deletes the source node sign of this record.
Described source node is designated source node IP address.
MTU value after described intermediate node further will change is carried in the described notice message and sends to described source node.
Described notice message adopts Internet Control Message Protocol icmp packet form.
Described intermediate node further comprises after source node sends the notice message: after source node is received described notice message, initiate PMTU and survey, upgrade the PMTU value according to result of detection.
A kind of method of adjusting PMTU PMTU comprises:
Source node receives that intermediate node sends carries after intermediate node MTU MTU value changes the notification of information message, initiates PMTU and surveys, and upgrades the PMTU value according to result of detection.
This method further comprises: time threshold and message threshold value are set, source node judges whether the notice message number of receiving surpasses the message threshold value that is provided with in the time threshold that is provided with, if surpass, then abandon the notice message of judging above being received after the message threshold time, do not initiate PMTU and survey.
A kind of MTU changes notifying device, and this device links to each other with intermediate node or is arranged in the intermediate node, and this device also comprises: information recording unit and notice transmitting element, wherein,
Information recording unit is used to write down the source node sign of described intermediate node place communication link;
The notice transmitting element is used for when the MTU of described intermediate node value changes, and obtains the source node sign from information recording unit, and this intermediate node MTU value change information is sent to the corresponding source node of described source node sign.
Described information recording unit is further used for for the source node sign of record ageing time being set, and arrives the source node sign of this record of back deletion in ageing time.
A kind of device of adjusting PMTU comprises: PMTU probe unit and PMTU updating block, wherein,
The PMTU probe unit is used for initiating PMTU and surveying, and result of detection is sent to the PMTU updating block after receiving that carrying the MTU value changes the notification of information message;
The PMTU updating block is used for upgrading the PMTU value according to the result of detection of receiving.
Described PMTU probe unit is further used for being provided with time threshold and message threshold value, and judge whether the notice message number of receiving surpasses the message threshold value that is provided with in the time threshold that is provided with, if surpass, then abandon the notice message of judging above being received after the message threshold time, do not initiate PMTU and survey.
This shows, in technical scheme provided by the present invention, when the MTU of intermediate node value changes, the intermediate node that changes can be initiatively with the information notification source node of self MTU value change, after source node is notified, initiatively initiating PMTU surveys, and according to result of detection renewal PMTU value, thereby the demand that has adapted to the real network environmental change, can reduce the packet loss phenomenon that diminishes and produce because of intermediate node MTU value, when intermediate node MTU value becomes big, also can in time make corresponding adjustment, improve utilization rate of network resource, promote network throughput and link performance.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is that PMTU of the prior art finds schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is a method flow diagram of adjusting PMTU in the embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 is that the MTU in the embodiment of the invention changes the notifying device structural representation.
Fig. 4 is an apparatus structure schematic diagram of adjusting PMTU in the embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
In order to solve the problems of the prior art, basic thought of the present invention is: the intermediate node that the MTU value changes sends the notice message to source node, and change has taken place notification source node self MTU value; After source node is received the notice message that intermediate node sends, initiate PMTU and survey, and upgrade the PMTU value according to result of detection.
For making purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearer, the embodiment that develops simultaneously with reference to the accompanying drawings is described in further detail the present invention.
Referring to shown in Figure 2, the method for adjustment PMTU provided by the invention mainly may further comprise the steps:
Step 201: in the PMTU discovery procedure that source node is initiated, the intermediate node record source node sign between source node and the destination node.After receiving the message that source node sends such as, intermediate node, read the source IP address that carries in the message, and this source IP address is got off as the source node identification record.
Step 202: when change has taken place the MTU value that detects self when described intermediate node, this intermediate node is checked the source node identification information of self record, and identify pairing source node to the source node of record and send the notice message, variation has taken place in the MTU of this intermediate node of notification source node.Here, described intermediate node can be carried at the MTU value after changing in the notice message and send to source node.
Step 203: after source node is received the notice message that intermediate node sends, initiatively initiate PMTU and survey, and upgrade the PMTU value of self record according to result of detection.
Wherein, described notice message can adopt Internet Control Message Protocol (ICMP, Internet ControlMessages Protocol) message format.Such as, in ICMP, increase the type of message that new being used for represents to notify message, after source node receives the icmp packet of the type, can know that just variation has taken place the MTU value of intermediate node.
For ease of understanding, be example still below with network environment shown in Figure 1, PMTU discover method provided by the invention is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 1, in the PMTU discovery procedure, router one receives that length that main frame 1 is sent is behind 1500 the data message, returns the Packet Too Big message of carrying self PMTU value to main frame 1, and, obtain the IP address of main frame 1 and note by reading message.In addition, for the host information that prevents to write down takies storage resources for a long time, the visual concrete condition of router one is the ageing time that the host information of record is provided with a correspondence, after ageing time arrives, deletes the host information corresponding with this ageing time.
Such as, if the IP address of main frame 1 is 2001::10:0:1:1, then router one can be found list item at the PMTU shown in the self record table 1.
| Host address | Ageing time |
| 2001::10:0:1:1 | 2s |
Table 1
When router one finds that change has taken place the MTU value of self, the PMTU that at first checks self record finds list item, and the pairing main frame 1 of the host address that writes down in this list item sends the notice message, change has taken place in the MTU of notice main frame 1 router one, and the MTU value of the router one after will changing is carried to notify in the message and sends to main frame 1.
After main frame 1 is received the notice message that router one sends, initiatively initiate PMTU and survey, and according to the result of detection PMTU value that upgrades in time.Wherein, described PMTU detection process is a prior art, no longer describes in detail here.
In addition, if router one has been received the message from a plurality of different source hosts, then router one can be set up PMTU as shown in table 2 and find list item, the IP address of described each the different source hosts of record, and ageing time is set respectively.
| Host address | Ageing time |
| 2001::10:0:1:1 | 2s |
| 2001::10:0:1:2 | 1.5s |
| 2001::10:0:1:3 | 3s |
Table 2
When change has taken place in the MTU of router one value, router one checks that at first the PMTU of self record finds list item, the pairing source host of each host address that writes down in this list item then sends the notice message, notify each source host self MTU value that change has taken place, each source host of notified message is initiatively initiated PMTU and is surveyed, and according to upgrade in time the PMTU value of self record of result of detection.
In addition, receive a large amount of notice messages, ceaselessly revise PMTU, cause the waste of Internet resources and source node resource, can preestablish a time threshold (as 5 minutes) and a message threshold value (as 10) here in order to prevent source node.Source node judges whether the notice message number of receiving surpasses the message threshold value that is provided with in the time threshold that is provided with, if surpass, then adjust the PMTU value, and abandon the notice message of judging above being received after the message threshold time according to judging above the notice message of receiving before the message threshold time; If do not surpass, then adjust the PMTU value according to the notice message of receiving.Such as, if source node was only received 4 notice messages within 5 minutes, then source node is adjusted the PMTU value according to 4 notice messages receiving; If source node was received 16 notice messages in 5 minutes, then source node only carries out the PMTU modification according to preceding 10 notice messages, for back 6 notice messages, then directly does discard processing, no longer carries out PMTU and revises.
Correspondingly, the present invention also provides a kind of MTU to change notifying device, and this device links to each other with intermediate node or is arranged in the intermediate node, and its structure mainly comprises referring to shown in Figure 3: information recording unit and notice transmitting element, wherein,
Information recording unit is used to write down the source node sign of described intermediate node place communication link;
The notice transmitting element is used for when the MTU of described intermediate node value changes, and obtains the source node sign from information recording unit, and this intermediate node MTU value change information is sent to the corresponding source node of described source node sign.
Described information recording unit also can be further used for for the source node sign of record ageing time being set, and arrive the source node sign of this record of back deletion in ageing time.
In addition, the present invention also provides the device of a kind of PMTU of adjustment, and its structure comprises referring to shown in Figure 4: PMTU probe unit and PMTU updating block, wherein,
The PMTU probe unit is used for initiating PMTU and surveying, and result of detection is sent to the PMTU updating block after receiving that carrying the MTU value changes the notification of information message;
The PMTU updating block is used for upgrading the PMTU value according to the result of detection of receiving.
Described PMTU probe unit, also can be further used for being provided with time threshold and message threshold value, and judge whether the notice message number of receiving surpasses the message threshold value that is provided with in the time threshold that is provided with, if surpass, then abandon the notice message of judging above being received after the message threshold time, do not initiate PMTU and survey.
The device of adjustment PMTU shown in Figure 4 can be arranged in the source node as herein described.
The above has carried out further detailed description to purpose of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect; institute is understood that; the above is not in order to restriction the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all; any modification of being made, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., all should be included within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (12)
1. a MTU changes Notification Method, it is characterized in that this method comprises:
In the PMTU discovery procedure, intermediate node record source node sign;
After intermediate node detects self MTU value and changes, send to the corresponding source node of the source node sign of record and to carry self MTU value change notification of information message.
2. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, this method further comprises:
Intermediate node is provided with ageing time for the source node sign of record, after ageing time arrives, deletes the source node sign of this record.
3. method according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that, described source node is designated source node IP address.
4. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, the MTU value after described intermediate node further will change is carried in the described notice message and sends to described source node.
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described methods, it is characterized in that described notice message adopts Internet Control Message Protocol icmp packet form.
6. method according to claim 1 is characterized in that, described intermediate node further comprises after source node sends the notice message:
After source node is received described notice message, initiate PMTU and survey, upgrade the PMTU value according to result of detection.
7. a method of adjusting PMTU PMTU is characterized in that, this method comprises:
Source node receives that intermediate node sends carries after intermediate node MTU MTU value changes the notification of information message, initiates PMTU and surveys, and upgrades the PMTU value according to result of detection.
8. method according to claim 7 is characterized in that, this method further comprises:
Time threshold and message threshold value are set, source node judges whether the notice message number of receiving surpasses the message threshold value that is provided with in the time threshold that is provided with, if surpass, then abandon the notice message of judging above being received after the message threshold time, do not initiate PMTU and survey.
9. a MTU changes notifying device, it is characterized in that this device links to each other with intermediate node or is arranged in the intermediate node, and this device also comprises: information recording unit and notice transmitting element, wherein,
Information recording unit is used to write down the source node sign of described intermediate node place communication link;
The notice transmitting element is used for when the MTU of described intermediate node value changes, and obtains the source node sign from information recording unit, and this intermediate node MTU value change information is sent to the corresponding source node of described source node sign.
10. device according to claim 9 is characterized in that, described information recording unit is further used for for the source node sign of record ageing time being set, and arrives the source node sign of this record of back deletion in ageing time.
11. a device of adjusting PMTU is characterized in that, comprising: PMTU probe unit and PMTU updating block, wherein,
The PMTU probe unit is used for initiating PMTU and surveying, and result of detection is sent to the PMTU updating block after receiving that carrying the MTU value changes the notification of information message;
The PMTU updating block is used for upgrading the PMTU value according to the result of detection of receiving.
12. device according to claim 11, it is characterized in that, described PMTU probe unit is further used for being provided with time threshold and message threshold value, and judge whether the notice message number of receiving surpasses the message threshold value that is provided with in the time threshold that is provided with, if surpass, then abandon the notice message of judging above being received after the message threshold time, do not initiate PMTU and survey.
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