CN101148597B - Method and device for extracting shale oil - Google Patents
Method and device for extracting shale oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN101148597B CN101148597B CN2007100980071A CN200710098007A CN101148597B CN 101148597 B CN101148597 B CN 101148597B CN 2007100980071 A CN2007100980071 A CN 2007100980071A CN 200710098007 A CN200710098007 A CN 200710098007A CN 101148597 B CN101148597 B CN 101148597B
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Abstract
The shale oil extracting process and apparatus has gravitational material feeding, self energy supply with the residual burning of carbon in shale, homogeneous heat exchange between the falling shale and the ascending mixture gas of the circulating gas and air or steam, and least movable mechanical devices, reaching the advantages of low cost, high efficiency, less environmental pollution, etc.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of extracting method and equipment thereof of shale oil.
Background technology
Resinous shale is a comparatively ideal substitute energy of oil and coal.Incomplete statistics shows that world's oil shale resources amount Duos 40% than the coal resource amount, and the shale oil stock number Duos 50% than the petroleum resources amount approximately.Along with problems such as energy demand growth, power supply and Energy restructuring become increasingly conspicuous, how rationally effectively to develop oil shale resources, alleviate energy pressure, become the inexorable trend of socio-economic development.According to statistics, have 69% to be used for generating and heating in the resinous shale of whole world exploitation in 2000,25% is used to refine the shale oil and the related products of high yield, and 6% is used for producing and other purposes.As seen resinous shale mainly contains three kinds of purposes, not only can extract various oils, but also can refine out various synthol gases and industrial chemicals, and byproduct also can be used for material of construction such as brickmaking, cement.
The development and use of resinous shale have nearly two one-hundred-year histories, and world many countries is all paid much attention to the development and utilization of resinous shale.The shale oil industry of China starts from nineteen twenty-eight, so far the history in existing more than 70 year.Nineteen fifty-nine, the resinous shale annual working ability once reached 2,000 ten thousand tons, and shale oil output reaches 790,000 tons, accounted for 21% of national oil production rate then, had created all-time high.After the sixties in last century, along with a large amount of exploitations of natural crude oil, shale oil is than the rapid decline of heavy-duty machine, but has minority enterprise keeping the exploitation and the utilization of resinous shale, and shale oil output still has ten thousand tons of 15-20 every year at present.China is one of a few countries that is still keeping shale oil recovery in the world up till now.Though global oil shale resources are abundant, purposes is wide, and the development and use time early, is not paid attention to by most countries yet.
At present, the oil shale distillation technology is generally adopted in the extraction of shale oil.This technology is that the oil shale particle in certain particle size range is transported in the gas retort, carries out drying and preheating and destructive distillation in gas retort, and destructive distillation generates shale oil.Shale after the destructive distillation is semicoke and enters producer, carries out redox reaction then, and the gas of generation enters mixing section to be mixed with the thermal circulation gas of feeding, sprays to gas retort as the destructive distillation thermal source through spray orifice.After semicoke then passed through redox, the shale slag of generation was after overcooling outside the stove.
But extracting the shale oil technology at present from resinous shale has following defective: 1) cost height; 2) efficient is low; 3) environmental pollution is big.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention provides a kind of extracting method of shale oil.Use that this method extracts that shale oil can reduce cost, efficient height and environmental pollution be little.
Another technical problem that the present invention will solve provides a kind of device systems that extracts shale oil.
For solving above-mentioned second technical problem, a kind of device systems that extracts shale oil of the present invention, the technical scheme that its adopts is as follows:
It comprises distiller and oil separator;
Described distiller top is provided with hopper, and the below is provided with discharge bucket; The middle part of described distiller is provided with preheating mist of oil section, pyrolysis section, burning zone and spent shale cooling section from top to bottom;
Described distiller middle part upper end preheating mist of oil section place is connected with oil separator top by pipeline and communicates; The bottom of described oil separator is connected respectively by pyrolysis section, burning zone and the spent shale cooling section of pipeline and distiller.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, for making things convenient for the conveying of raw material, described distiller top is provided with raw material rotation handling machinery, and the below is provided with waste material rotation handling machinery; This greatly facilitates the conveying of raw material, has also made things convenient for the transportation discharging of waste material.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, enter and discharge distiller for making things convenient for the raw shale oil particle, be provided with the rotary feeding grid in the described distiller hopper, be provided with rotation discharging grid in the described distiller discharge bucket.
As the further improvement of technique scheme, described distiller inside vertically is provided with a rolling grid mechanism; This device helps raw material being heated evenly in distiller, also helps whereabouts and the cooling of raw material at distiller.
As the further improvement of technical scheme, also be provided with rectifying tower on the preheating mist of oil section of described distiller and the pipeline that oil separator is connected.
As the further improvement of technical scheme, also be provided with hydrogenator and condenser on the connecting tube of described rectifying tower and oil separator.
As the further improvement of technical scheme, described oil separator top is connected with a recycle blower by pipeline, and the bottom of this oil separator is connected by pipeline and distiller pyrolysis section sidewall; Described recycle blower is connected with distiller pyrolysis section, burning zone and spent shale cooling section respectively by pipeline; On described recycle blower and distiller pyrolysis section and pipeline that burning zone is connected, an external gas blower.
For solving above-mentioned first technical problem, the extracting method of a kind of shale oil of the present invention comprises the steps:
1) shale of crushing is packed into the top of distiller enters preheating mist of oil section then, and shale is preheating to 138～160 ℃;
2) shale enters the distiller pyrolysis section, heating shale to 482～538 ℃, and shale distills out shale oil oil/gas mixture at this pyrolysis section, feeds circulation gas and drives shale oil oil/gas mixture and enter preheating mist of oil section;
3) shale enters the distiller burning zone, in this section, remain in and become a kind of fuel when carbonaceous residue on the shale enters the combustion zone, the circulation gas of part air is carried in feeding secretly, and this circulation gas burns so can ignite above-mentioned carbonaceous fuel in the combustion zone because of containing air; This incendiary heat can keep the temperature range of each section of distiller at needs;
4) shale enters distiller spent shale cooling section, and recycle gas enters the spent shale cooling section, and circulation gas rises and meets with the shale that is distilled, and plays gas at this and propose agent and reverse solid---the effect of gas heat exchange agent, and distillation back spent shale is cooled;
5) mixed gas of above-mentioned each section generation all enters preheating mist of oil section, is the mist gas of suspension, with the mist gas of this suspension by pipe-line transportation to oil separator;
6) after oil separator separated, the shale oil product was emitted, and gas is transported to distiller pyrolysis section, burning zone and spent shale cooling section respectively as circulation gas becomes the circulation gas that adverse current makes progress;
7) spent shale is discharged distiller.
That is to say can work simultaneously in three zones that are positioned at distiller inside, to realize: 2. 1. shale raw material preheating to 138～160 ℃ are heated to 482～538 ℃ with the shale raw material, to remove the eneyne hydrocarbon of gaseous phase; 3. in obtaining heating distillation tower and hot cylinder in advance, during resulting thermosteresis, spent shale is cooled off.
As the further improvement of the extracting method of above-mentioned shale oil, the mist gas of described suspension enters before the oil separator, is transported to earlier in 482～538 ℃ the rectifying tower to carry out rectifying.
As the further improvement of the extracting method of above-mentioned shale oil, the gas delivery of coming out behind the described rectifying tower is transported to hydrogenator earlier and carries out hydrogenation before the oil separator, and circulation gas just enters oil separator through condenser again behind the hydrogenation.
Further improvement as the extracting method of above-mentioned shale oil when described shale enters the distiller pyrolysis section, adds a spot of water simultaneously; These a spot of water are recycled at work, and remaining water is from page rock, and are used with the mist form in still-process.
The present invention has that cost is low, efficient is high and advantage such as environmental pollution is little.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of present device.
Embodiment
Referring to shown in Figure 1, a kind of equipment that extracts shale oil of the present invention, as most preferred embodiment of the present invention, it comprises raw material rotation handling machinery 1, distiller 2 and waste material rotation handling machinery 3;
Described distiller 2 tops are provided with hopper 20; Described distiller 2 inside vertically are provided with a rolling grid mechanism 21; The position near the bottom of described distiller 2 is provided with de-oiling waste material controller 22, and the bottom of described distiller 2 is provided with discharge bucket 23; The below of described discharge bucket 23 is provided with waste material rotation handling machinery 3; The middle part of described distiller 2 is provided with preheating mist of oil section 25, pyrolysis section 26, burning zone 27 and spent shale cooling section 28 from top to bottom; Described distiller below is provided with sliding stand 29;
The sidewall of described distiller 2 middle part preheating mist of oil sections 25 is connected by pipeline and a rectifying tower 4 sidepieces, and described rectifying tower 4 tops are connected by a pipeline and a hydrogenation reaction tower 5; Described rectifying tower 4 bottoms are connected discharge pipe jointly with the bottom of hydrogenation reaction tower 5; The side of described hydrogenation reaction tower 5 is connected with an oil separator 7 by pipe connection condenser 6 backs, this oil separator top is connected with a recycle blower 8 by pipeline, and the bottom of this oil separator 7 is connected by pipeline and distiller pyrolysis section 26 sidewalls; Described recycle blower 8 is connected with distiller pyrolysis section 26, burning zone 27 and spent shale cooling section 28 respectively by pipeline; On described recycle blower 8 and distiller pyrolysis section 26 and pipeline that burning zone 27 is connected, an external gas blower 9; For making things convenient for the raw shale oil particle to enter and discharge distiller 2, be provided with rotary feeding grid 201 in the described distiller hopper 20, be provided with rotation discharging grid 231 in the described distiller discharge bucket 23.
The extracting method of a kind of shale oil of the present invention is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) with the shale top of distiller of packing into of crushing, and adds a spot of water, enter preheating mist of oil section then, shale is preheating to 138～160 ℃;
2) shale enters the distiller pyrolysis section, heating shale to 482～538 ℃, and shale distills out shale oil oil/gas mixture at this pyrolysis section, feeds circulation gas and drives shale oil oil/gas mixture and enter preheating mist of oil section;
3) shale enters the distiller burning zone, in this section, remain in and become a kind of fuel when carbonaceous residue on the shale enters the combustion zone, the circulation gas of part air is carried in feeding secretly, and this circulation gas burns so can ignite above-mentioned carbonaceous fuel in the combustion zone because of containing air; This incendiary heat can keep the temperature range of each section of distiller at needs;
4) shale enters distiller spent shale cooling section, and recycle gas enters the spent shale cooling section, and circulation gas rises and meets with the shale that is distilled, and plays gas at this and propose agent and reverse solid---the effect of gas heat exchange agent, and distillation back spent shale is cooled;
5) mixed gas of above-mentioned each section generation all enters preheating mist of oil section, is the mist gas of suspension, with the mist gas of this suspension by pipe-line transportation to oil separator;
6) after oil separator separated, the shale oil product was emitted, and gas is transported to distiller pyrolysis section, burning zone and spent shale cooling section respectively as circulation gas becomes the circulation gas that adverse current makes progress;
7) spent shale is discharged distiller;
As the further improved embodiment of the extracting method of above-mentioned shale oil, the mist gas of described suspension enters before the oil separator, is transported to earlier in 482～538 ℃ the rectifying tower to carry out rectifying.
As the further improved embodiment of the extracting method of above-mentioned shale oil, the gas delivery of coming out behind the described rectifying tower is transported to hydrogenator earlier and carries out hydrogenation before the oil separator, and circulation gas just enters oil separator through condenser again behind the hydrogenation.
Claims (8)
1. device systems that extracts shale oil is characterized in that:
It comprises distiller and oil separator;
Described distiller top is provided with hopper, and the below is provided with discharge bucket; The middle part of described distiller is provided with preheating mist of oil section, pyrolysis section, burning zone and spent shale cooling section from top to bottom;
Described distiller middle part upper end preheating mist of oil section place is connected with oil separator top by pipeline and communicates; The bottom of described oil separator is connected respectively by pyrolysis section, burning zone and the spent shale cooling section of pipeline and distiller;
Also be provided with rectifying tower on the preheating mist of oil section of described distiller and the pipeline that oil separator is connected.
2. the device systems of extraction shale oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described distiller top is provided with raw material rotation handling machinery, and the below is provided with waste material rotation handling machinery.
3. the device systems of extraction shale oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: be provided with the rotary feeding grid in the described distiller hopper, be provided with rotation discharging grid in the described distiller discharge bucket.
4. the device systems of extraction shale oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: described distiller inside vertically is provided with rolling grid mechanism.
5. the device systems of extraction shale oil according to claim 1 is characterized in that: also be provided with hydrogenator and condenser on the connecting tube of described rectifying tower and oil separator.
6. the device systems of extraction shale oil according to claim 5 is characterized in that: described oil separator top is connected with a recycle blower by pipeline, and the bottom of this oil separator is connected by pipeline and distiller pyrolysis section sidewall; Described recycle blower is connected with distiller pyrolysis section, burning zone and spent shale cooling section respectively by pipeline; On described recycle blower and distiller pyrolysis section and pipeline that burning zone is connected, an external gas blower.
7. a method of using the described device systems of claim 1 to extract shale oil is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) shale of crushing is packed into the top of distiller enters preheating mist of oil section then, and shale is preheating to 138～160 ℃;
2) shale enters the distiller pyrolysis section, heating shale to 482～538 ℃, and shale distills out shale oil oil/gas mixture at this pyrolysis section, feeds circulation gas and drives shale oil oil/gas mixture and enter preheating mist of oil section;
3) shale enters the distiller burning zone, in this section, remain in and become a kind of fuel when carbonaceous residue on the shale enters the combustion zone, the circulation gas of part air is carried in feeding secretly, and this circulation gas burns so can ignite above-mentioned carbonaceous fuel in the combustion zone because of containing air; This incendiary heat can keep the temperature range of each section of distiller at needs;
4) shale enters distiller spent shale cooling section, and recycle gas enters the spent shale cooling section, and circulation gas rises and meets with the shale that is distilled, and plays gas at this and propose agent and reverse solid---the effect of gas heat exchange agent, and distillation back spent shale is cooled;
5) mixed gas of above-mentioned each section generation all enters preheating mist of oil section, is the mist gas of suspension, with the mist gas of this suspension by pipe-line transportation to oil separator;
6) after oil separator separated, the shale oil product was emitted, and gas is transported to distiller pyrolysis section, burning zone and spent shale cooling section respectively as circulation gas becomes the circulation gas that adverse current makes progress;
7) spent shale is discharged distiller;
The mist gas of described suspension enters before the oil separator, is transported to earlier in 482～538 ℃ the rectifying tower to carry out rectifying.
8. the method for extraction shale oil according to claim 7 is characterized in that: the gas delivery of coming out behind the described rectifying tower is transported to hydrogenator earlier and carries out hydrogenation before the oil separator, and circulation gas just enters oil separator through condenser again behind the hydrogenation.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100980071A CN101148597B (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2007-04-24 | Method and device for extracting shale oil |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007100980071A CN101148597B (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2007-04-24 | Method and device for extracting shale oil |
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| CN101148597A CN101148597A (en) | 2008-03-26 |
| CN101148597B true CN101148597B (en) | 2011-07-20 |
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| CN2007100980071A Expired - Fee Related CN101148597B (en) | 2007-04-24 | 2007-04-24 | Method and device for extracting shale oil |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105154134B (en) * | 2015-10-10 | 2017-02-01 | 黑龙江省能源环境研究院 | Method for preparing catalytic thermal cracking raw materials from full-fraction shale oil |
| CN109374471B (en) * | 2018-11-13 | 2021-01-29 | 李邵楠 | Low-porosity sand shale reservoir oil-bearing property monitoring and analyzing device |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4075083A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1978-02-21 | Putman Maurice W | Method for destructive distillation of hydrocarbonaceous materials |
| US4600476A (en) * | 1983-01-14 | 1986-07-15 | Edwards Engineering Corporation | Apparatus for aboveground separation, vaporization and recovery of oil from oil shale |
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2007
- 2007-04-24 CN CN2007100980071A patent/CN101148597B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4075083A (en) * | 1976-06-11 | 1978-02-21 | Putman Maurice W | Method for destructive distillation of hydrocarbonaceous materials |
| US4600476A (en) * | 1983-01-14 | 1986-07-15 | Edwards Engineering Corporation | Apparatus for aboveground separation, vaporization and recovery of oil from oil shale |
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