CN101147296B

CN101147296B - Dielectrically-loaded quadrifilar antenna

Info

Publication number: CN101147296B
Application number: CN2006800093086A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 奥利弗·保罗·雷斯特恩
Original assignee: Sarantel Ltd
Current assignee: Sarantel Ltd
Priority date: 2005-03-21
Filing date: 2006-03-16
Publication date: 2011-07-27
Anticipated expiration: 2026-03-16
Also published as: GB2455000B; WO2006100440A1; CN102299415A; GB2455000A; TW200642172A; GB0902925D0; CN101147296A; GB0605350D0; GB0505771D0; GB2424521A; GB2424521B

Abstract

In a dielectrically-loaded quadrifilar antenna for operation with circularly polarised signals, four coextensive composite helical elements are plated on the outer surface of a cylindrical dielectric core (12), each composite element comprising two mutually adjacent conductive tracks (10AA, 10AB - 10DA, 10DB) defining between them an elongate channel or slit (26A - 26D). The track edges bounding each channel are longer than the opposite edges of the respective tracks in that they follow parallel meandered paths, with the result that each channel (26A - 26D) deviates from a mean helical path and is longer than the corresponding portion of the mean helical path. At a frequency within the operating band of the antenna, the channels (26A - 26D) have respective electrical lengths equivalent to a half wavelength. The bandwidth of the antenna is greater than the bandwidth of a correspondingly dimensioned antenna having single-track helical elements.

Description

Dielectrically-loaded quadrifilar antenna

Technical field

The present invention relates to a kind ofly surpassing the dielectrically-loaded antenna of operating on the 200MHz frequency, mainly but not exclusively relate to a kind of four-arm spiral antenna that utilizes the circular polarization electromagnetic radiation to operate.

Background technology

The dielectrically-loaded quadrifilar helical antenna is disclosed among the British patent No.2292638,2310543 and 2367429.Antenna according to these patents has been mainly used in the circularly polarized signal of reception from the satellite of global positioning system (GPS) satellite constellation, and the position is determined and navigation to carry out.GPS is a kind of narrowband service.Have other satellite-based service, these services need be at the reception or the dispensing device of the bigger part bandwidth of the available part bandwidth that recently has antenna certainly now.

In the disclosed dielectrically-loaded loop aerial of for example British patent No.2321785, can increase bandwidth in the following way: use adjacent to one another, the radiant element of almost parallel is to replacing independent spiral radiation element, the radiant element of described radiant element centering is connected to linking conductor with different positions, and this linking conductor is linked relative radiant element.In disclosed another variant of British patent No.2351850, single screw element is replaced by the relative element group in side, each group has with prolonging (coextensive) and radiant element is right adjacent to one another, and its form is the parallel orbit with the different in width that is used to produce different electrical length.These variants that dielectrically-loaded twisted loop antenna is done rely on its different resonance coupled mode and have obtained the advantage of bandwidth aspect, and described resonance appears on the different frequency in the required band of operation.If at least one parallel orbit comprises the conductive strips on the relative edge edge with non-parallel side edge or different length,, then can obtain further expanding aspect bandwidth as disclosed among the UK Patent Application No.2399948A.In these variants after a while, longer than the edge of the band of more approaching described other tracks with the edge of other tracks band farthest in the group.In fact, first and second tracks in each group all may have the edge of different length, and for example each track to the edge of outer with formation group is configured, and make the interior edge that track is longer than in this outer.

By forming each affected track, make an edge of this track follow wavy or sinuous path, thereby obtain the difference of edge length in its whole cascade units roughly.In twisted loop antenna, each group track forms around the half cycle of the central shaft of cylindrical dielectric core.Therefore, helical orbit has an edge following strict spiral path, and the path of departing from strict spiral path with for example sinusoidal pattern is followed at another edge.

Summary of the invention

The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of antenna at circularly polarized signal, this antenna provides the bandwidth bigger than existing four-arm spiral antenna.

According to an aspect of the present invention, a kind of four-arm spiral antenna is provided, comprise the first and second couple of being generally on the cylindrical dielectric base plate relative antenna element on diametric(al), at least one element of each centering comprises the strip conductor of a pair of adjacent to one another, almost parallel, described strip conductor defines groove between them, the track edge that limits described groove than the another side of each track along length.

The preferred embodiments of the present invention adopt the form of backfire antenna (backfire antenna), described backfire antenna has the axial feeder structure in the hole that is arranged in the solid dielectric antenna core, and described solid dielectric antenna core is made by the material that has greater than 5 relative dielectric constant.There are 4 radiation composition elements, each extends to linking conductor from described feeder structure in the feed connection of the distal face termination of described core, and described linking conductor is interconnecting with described feed connecting axle described 4 composition elements to the position of separating.Described linking conductor closely is connected to described feeder structure about described feed connection.Term " radiation " will broadly be explained, when being used for antenna element, track or conductor, it is meant element, track or the conductor of emittance when described antenna is used for transmitter, or when described antenna was used for receiver, it was meant from the endergonic element of environment, track or conductor.

The composition element that forms first pair of relative antenna element on diametric(al) has than the shorter average electrical length of composition element that forms second pair, to produce phase orthogonality roughly between the electric current in each element of first and second pairs.As in traditional quadrifilar antenna, in the service band that this phase orthogonality produced, antenna shows the gain at the increase of circularly polarized signal.

In this preferred embodiment, each combination radiation element has first radial component on the distal face of described core, and second spiral part that extends to described linking conductor from described first.In 4 composition elements each comprises that parallel orbit is right adjacent to one another, and described track defines above-mentioned groove betwixt.Advantageously, each element is only divided in its second spiral part in this manner, and described track edge defines follows the groove that for example is generally parallel serpentine path, with the trench length in the length available that increases radiant element.By this way, can increase to half-wavelength on the operating frequency of antenna to the electrical length of groove, although the spiral part of each antenna element has electrical length less than half-wavelength in a preferred embodiment.The length difference of the conductive path that a part is formed by track, and the separation (as the result of the half wavelength electrical length of therebetween groove) of electric current in the track of each antenna element, promoted the resonance of axial circular polarization radiation, it has the bigger bandwidth of bandwidth that realizes than the antenna of the same size with single track radiant element.Especially, except other factors, this bandwidth also depends on the separation degree between the electric current in each composition element, and wherein each composition element comprises the parallel conductor track that is separated by groove or slit.It is resident that current separation has produced the phase place in the service band, and its implication is that the phase orthogonality of the electric current in each longer composition element between average extended on than the wideer frequency band of traditional quadrifilar antenna.Typically, can at least 0.4% part bandwidth, realize roughly phase orthogonality.In certain embodiments, the part bandwidth can be 2% or bigger.Phase orthogonality roughly can be defined as representing the phase difference between 60 ° and 120 °.

Relative short and longer composition element on the diametric(al) between physical angle separate that not need be 90 ° just, promptly facing to the axis of screw.For example, this angular separation can be 70 ° or 80 °.Preferably, in the service band of antenna, the phase difference of the average and long right electric current of short right electric current between on average is in 30 ° of this angular separation, or better in 20 °.The part bandwidth limit that this service band has with above indication is identical.Therefore, if for example physical angle to separate be 80 °, so phase difference preferably at least 0.4% or at least 2% part bandwidth all in 60 ° to 100 ° scope,

By described groove being restricted to the spiral part of each antenna element, radial component on the described core distal face can be used for being undertaken tuning by adjustment, promptly electric conducting material is removed from antenna element, for example the disclosed use laser-induced thermal etching of British patent No.2356086 forms cutting out section or hole, incorporates its all content into this specification by reference.

Identical with disclosed antenna in above-mentioned British patent No.2292638 and 2310543, the linking conductor of preferred antenna comprises the conducting sleeve that centers on this core and link to each other with feeder structure.Each antenna element is connected to the edge of described sleeve, and described groove preferably also extends to the height at the height at described edge or very approaching described edge.

The track adjacent to one another of each antenna element can have different electrical length, for example owing to have different mean breadths.Alternatively, can according to track about the inherence at edge tilt with and with the current pattern at the tie point place separately at edge in consequential different the different of conductive path length of realizing.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of helical antenna that is used for the circular polarization electromagnetic radiation comprises: be generally on the outer surface that is generally cylinder of cylinder insulating base or first and second pairs of adjacent with it spiral conductive track groups, described track groups distributes around described outer surface, and each group includes at least one pair of and is generally spiral-shaped track, each track all has an edge longer than another edge, and the distance of each track and described another track of centering is nearer than the distance of the track in itself and other group.The track of each group preferably defines the parallel elongated channels of general lateral with following mean breadth betwixt, and described mean breadth is less than half of the average headway between the adjacent orbit group.

According to a further aspect in the invention, a kind of four-arm spiral antenna of working in being higher than the frequency band of 200MHz is provided, wherein, described antenna comprises 4 coextensive combined helical antenna elements, each antenna element all forms with prolonging the combination of slender conductor with separated by the slit two at least, the width in described slit is less than half of the spacing between each composition element and the arbitrary adjacent composition element, the described of described slit and the described slit of constraint defines the elongate boundaries zone with what prolong conductor, on the frequency of this zone in the service band of described antenna, have relevant electrical length, this electrical length is greater than the same electrical length of prolonging conductor part that does not retrain described slit.

Follow the dependent claims of specification to comprise above the not non-limit set of the optional feature of proposition.

Antenna according to the present invention has the special-purpose of following service band:

(a) 1559-1591MHz (Galilean satellite navigation system)

(b) 1260-1300MHz (Galilean satellite navigation system)

(c) 1164-1214MHz (Galilean satellite navigation system)

(d)1563-1587MHz(GPS?L1)

(e)1216-1240MHz(GPS?L2)

(f)1164-1188MHz(GPS?L5)

(g)1602.56-1615.50MHz(Glonass)

(h)1240-1260MHz(Glonass)

(i) 1610.0-1626.5 (Iridium satellite communication)

(j) 2332.5-2345.0MHz (XM satelline radio)

(k) 2320.0-2332.5MHz (Sirius satelline radio)

The service relevant with these wave bands pointed out in bracket.

Description of drawings

With reference to the accompanying drawings, the present invention is described in the mode of example, wherein :-

Fig. 1 is the perspective view of watching from the side according to dielectrically-loaded quadrifilar antenna of the present invention, has 4 elongated spiral radiation conductor groups that the side is relative;

Fig. 2 is another perspective view of main antenna from Fig. 1 that the top is watched;

Fig. 3 is the 3rd perspective view of the antenna from Fig. 1 that side-lower is watched; And

Fig. 4 shows the schematic diagram that current phase changes in the conductor group of the antenna among Fig. 1 to 3.

Embodiment

With reference to the accompanying drawings, according to the antenna element structure that quadrifilar antenna of the present invention had be 4 longitudinal extension groups that on the cylindrical outer surface 12C of solid ceramic core 12, form, comprise radiation strip conductor 10AA, 10AB, 10BA, 10BB, 10CA, 10CB, 10DA, 10DB.

Described core has axial passage, this passage hold (house) have outer conductor 16, the coaxial feeder structure of interior dielectric insulation layer 17 and inner wire 18.The outer conductor 16 of feeder structure can be separated mutually with the axial passage wall by core 12, and wherein, outer conductor 16 is held by the dielectric layer (not illustrating in the drawings) that has less than the relative dielectric constant of the relative dielectric constant of core material.Particularly, this dielectric layer can comprise the plastic wrapper of describing and illustrating among the above-mentioned British patent NO.2367429, incorporates all contents of this patent into the application by reference.

This coaxial feeder structure is used for the radio communications set (not shown) is connected to the track groups of longitudinal extension.This antenna element structure also comprises 4 radial members 10AR, 10BR, 10CR, the 10DR of the metal track on the distal surface 12D that forms core 12, and the end of the strip conductor 10AA-10DB of the track groups of 4 longitudinal extensions is connected to this feeder structure.The other end of strip conductor 10AA-10DB is connected to public virtual earthed conductor 20, and this conductor 20 has around the form of the plating sleeve of the proximal part of core 12.And this sleeve 20 is connected to the outer conductor 16 of feeder structure in described mode hereinafter.Two radial track 10CR, 10DR hold the inner wire 18 of the feeder structure that is connected to core 12 far-ends within it, and other two radial track 10AR, 10BR are connected to the outer conductor 16 formed feed lines shieldings by feeder structure.

In this embodiment of the present invention, comprise that 4 group 10AA, 10AB-10DA, the 10DB of strip conductor 10AA-10DB are spirals, and have different length.Two groups 10BA, 10BB; 10DA, 10DB are longer than other two groups 10AA, 10AB and 10CA, 10CB, and this is owing to extend to more near-end near core 12.Each is to conductive track groups 10AA, 10AB, 10CA, 10CB; The element of 10BA, 10BB, 10DA, 10DB is diametrically opposed to each other on core axis opposite side, and the axis that each group among the helical orbit 10AA-10DB is followed with cylindrical core is the spiral path at center.Among this embodiment, the difference in length between the two pairs of track groups is caused by the top edge or the link edge 20U of sleeve 20, and they are highly different (promptly the distance with the proximal end face 12P of core is different) so that the tie point of long and short track groups to be provided respectively.Therefore, in this embodiment, edge 20U follows the shallow zig-zag path around core 12, short track groups 10AA, 10AB; 10CA, 10CB and edge 20U certain point on the edge meets, the long track groups 10BA of distance, the 10BB of this point and proximal end face 12P; It is far away that point that 10DA, 10DB and edge 20U meet and the distance of proximal end face 10P are wanted.The helical centre of each facing to the core axis, is about 180 ° zone, i.e. half cycle with the roughly the same anglec of rotation here among track groups 10AA, 10AB-10DA, the 10DB.

For example, described in above-mentioned British patent No.2310543, different length by the conductive path that combination constituted of radial track 10AR-10DR and helical orbit group 10AA, 10AB-10DA, 10DB has produced different transmission delays on the central task frequency, this central task frequency with long and the resonance frequency that is associated than the short-range missile power path between, make antenna have to be used to receive or send the mode of resonance of circularly polarized signal.

Utilize the left hand of the spiral path of conductive track groups 10AA, 10AB-10DA, 10DB to point to, antenna is for inciding on its core axis and having the highest gain from the handed of distal face 12D.If this antenna is used to the left hand circularly polarized signal, the connection pattern half-twist of the opposite and radial members of the direction of spiral then.If antenna is suitable for receiving left hand and handed, then conductive track groups can be arranged to the path of following general and core mandrel line parallel.

Conducting sleeve 20 has covered the proximal part of antenna core 12, and is connected with the outer conductor 16 of feeder structure by the conductive electroplated layer 22 on the proximal end face 12P of core 12 paraxially.Described in above-mentioned British patent No.2310543, sleeve 20 and electrodeposited coating 22 be combined to form balanced-to-unbalanced transformer (balun), thereby the signal on the transmission line that is formed by

feeder structure

16,17,18 is changed between the state near balance at least at the non-equilibrium state and the far-end of feeder structure proximal end.The content of patent No.2310543 is incorporated the application by reference into.

The combination of sleeve 20 and proximal end face electrodeposited coating 22 also has following effect: on the operating frequency of antenna, isolated the outer conductor 16 of edge 20U and feeder structure, thereby the electric current among conductive track groups 10AA, 10AB-10DA, the 10DB flows between the interior and

outer conductor

18,16 of far-end in feeder structure of feeder structure by each galvanic circle that various piece with sleeve edges 20U is formed by conductive track groups.

In the reality, the strip conductor among each group 10AA, 10AB-10DA, 10DB provide feed to connect and sleeve edges 20U between each replace conductive path.Each is separated by corresponding groove or slit 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D the track among 10AA, 10AB-10DA, the 10DB, and wherein these grooves or slit are from the tie point of the corresponding radial members 10AR of track groups and its, 10BR, 10CR, 10DR or very extend to the zone that track 10AA, 10AB-10DA, 10DB link to each other with sleeve edges 20U near this point that is connected.More accurately, each groove 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D extend to the height of the respective rail connecting place on each side of edge 20U and groove.Yet preferably, groove is in the shorter height place termination of height that is the edge 20U of respective rail junction just.

In this embodiment, the edge that retrains the track 10AA-10DB of each groove 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D departs from each helix, for example follow the path that each wriggles, thereby groove 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D has the wavy sinusoidal configuration of side almost parallel.By this way, be increased with each groove 26A, 26B, electrical length that 26C, 26D are relevant, thereby greater than the electrical length towards outer edge of the track of respective track group 10AA, 10AB-10DA, 10DB.Each track is taked the form of elongated conductive strips, two relative edges that it has first and second ends and extends to second end from first end.The outside edge of edge specific surface of constraint groove will be grown, and this is because of the so direct path between the end of following described band.In the reality, the electrical length relevant with each groove approach with the antenna service band in operating frequency on half-wavelength identical.Like this, the electric current in the conductive path on arbitrary side of groove shows phase place independence separately respectively.This effect can be by simulation independent two half-wave simple harmonic quantity resonance carrying out and visualization on each track.According to required electrical characteristics, comprise required bandwidth, the separation of level of each electric current that flows in to the track of 10AA, 10AB-10DA, 10DB by track to the phase place-frequency characteristic of the assemble line that forms in generation phase place resident (dwell) zone, and this characteristic is linear in other cases.In the reality, depend on the current separation level, can change at shorter assemble line 10AA, 10AB; Electric current among 10CA, the 10CB and longer assemble line 10BA, 10BB; Realize the wave band of quadrature in phase roughly between the electric current among 10DA, the 10DB.This can influence certain wave band again, wherein is in resonance at antenna on this wave band under the pattern relevant with circular polarization radiation.It is resident to use among for example above-mentioned patent No.2356086 testing apparatus of describing and illustrating to observe this phase place.By capacitive probe being stretched into the position arranged side by side with the assemble line low side, promptly adjacent with sleeve edges 20U, when the swept-frequency signal that provides to antenna from the generator that is coupled to

feed structure

16,17,18, the current phase in can pilot wire.Chart among Fig. 4 show from 44 phase place-frequency characteristics that probe obtained that assemble line is arranged side by side.When than short-term 10AA, 10AB; Two characteristic 30A, the 30C of 10CA, 10CB show respectively and longer line 10BA, 10BB; The characteristic of 10DA, 10DB be approximately 90 ° poor the time, at from having end face that feed connects to near-end, along the axis of antenna core 12 and the antenna gain of the circular polarization radiation of incident reaches maximum.As shown in Figure 4, on bandwidth B, realized approximate phase orthogonality.In this embodiment, B is approximately 16MHz about the 1618MHz centre frequency.

The track of each track groups 10AA, 10AB-10DA, 10DB can have different mean breadths, to produce different average electrical length in each group.Yet be noted that, the first track 10AA in each track groups, 10BA, 10CA, 10DA with and sleeve edges 20U between sharp angle and sleeve edges 20U meet, yet opposite is that the second track 10AB of each group, 10BB, 10CB, 10DB meet with open bevel and sleeve edges 20U.Each track and sleeve edges are met, and also to have caused the average electrical length of the right track of each track to have little different for mode different.Therefore, even each right track has identical mean breadth, still exist and longer track groups 10BA, 10BB; Two slightly different coupled resonances of frequency that 10DA, 10DB are relevant, and similarly, exist and shorter track groups 10AA, 10AB; Two different coupled resonances of frequency that 10CA, 10CB are relevant.

The width of groove is generally less than the mean breadth of the track of each side.Usually in fact, the width of groove is less than the spacing between adjacent orbit group 10AA, 10AB-10DA, the 10DB, and preferably less than half of the spacing between the adjacent orbit group.Each adjacent to one another strip conductor can be counted as the part of combination radiation helical antenna element to 10AA, 10AB-10DA, 10DB.

Limit by longitudinal length groove 26A-26D, make that at least a portion keeps unallocated among each radial component 10AR-10DR on the distal face 12D of core, can keep the cutting out section that radial component has the form in hole 28 with formation, thereby use the laser-induced thermal etching described in for example above-mentioned patent No.2356086 that antenna is repaired.

In the above-described embodiments, make the track edge of constraint groove longer than another edge of track by layout, the electrical length relevant with groove 26A-26D compared with the average electrical length of each track groups 10AA, 10AB-10DA, 10DB and is increased.In other words, (mean) spiral path in the middle of depart from each track inside edge, and the outer edge of each track is followed simple spiral path or it is littler than departing from of inside edge to depart from the degree in this path.In the reality, the spiral velocity of wave relevant with groove 26A-26D compared with the velocity of wave relevant with the outer edge of track and is reduced.

This reducing and otherwise to realize to velocity of wave.For example, the physical length of groove can be roughly the same with the average helix length along the track groups appropriate section, but each groove can have above himself, below or inner elongated dielectric device, this element is made by the material with relative dielectric constant bigger than the relative dielectric constant of core 12.Therefore, can be by when forming core, making every groove have the band of higher dielectric constant on the whole, the band that perhaps can after strip conductor being plated on the core 12, will have a high dielectric constant be applied on every groove or every groove in, thereby the average relative dielectric constant relevant with groove is bigger than the average relative dielectric constant relevant with the outer edge of each track groups.

Claims

1. four-arm spiral antenna, comprise the first and second couple on the columniform dielectric base relative antenna element on diametric(al), at least one element of each centering comprises the strip conductor of a pair of adjacent to one another, almost parallel, described strip conductor defines groove between them, the track edge that limits described groove than the another side of respective rail along length.

2. antenna according to claim 1, wherein, parallel serpentine path is followed at the track edge that limits described groove.

3. antenna according to claim 1 and 2, wherein, described base plate is the columniform core of being made by the solid electrical insulating material, this material has the relative dielectric constant greater than 5, and have the outer surface and a near and distal surface on the face of cylinder, the solid electrical insulating material of described core has occupied the major part of described core internal volume, described antenna also comprises feeder structure, described feeder structure extends to the feed relevant with described distal surface by described core axial direction and connects, wherein said antenna element extends to linking conductor from described feed connection, described linking conductor described antenna element and end described feed join dependency relative end place interconnect, and in wherein a plurality of described antenna elements each all comprises first radial component on the distal surface of described core, described first radial component comprise that described feed connects and second portion between single strip conductor, and described second portion comprises from described first radial component and roughly extends to the described adjacent to one another of described linking conductor, the strip conductor of almost parallel.

4. antenna according to claim 3, wherein, described single strip conductor has cutting out section.

5. antenna according to claim 4, wherein, described cutting out section comprises the hole in the described track, described hole is between continuous track edge.

6. antenna according to claim 3, wherein, described linking conductor comprises the conducting sleeve around described core, and described groove roughly extends to the edge of described sleeve.

7. antenna according to claim 1, wherein, described right strip conductor described adjacent to one another, almost parallel has different electrical length.

8. antenna according to claim 7, wherein, the mean breadth of described right described track is different.

According to claim 1,2 and 4-8 in each described antenna, wherein, it is λ that the described track edge that limits described groove has electrical length _g/ 2, λ wherein _gIt is the corresponding guide wavelength of frequency in the operating frequency wave band with described antenna.

10. helical antenna that is used for the circular polarization electromagnetic radiation, be included on the outer surface on the face of cylinder of columniform insulating base or the first and second pair spiral conductive track groups adjacent with described outer surface, described track groups roughly distributes equably around described outer surface, and each group includes at least one pair of spiral track, each track all has an edge to be longer than another edge, and the distance of each track and another track right described in described group is nearer than the distance of the track in itself and other group, track right described in wherein said group defines elongated channels between it, longer than the another side edge of respective rail as the track edge of described channel boundary.

11. antenna according to claim 10, wherein, track right described in described group defines elongated channels between it, and described elongated channels is wriggled on every side in the intermediate conveyor screw path.

12. antenna according to claim 10, wherein, right track defines the parallel elongated channels of general lateral described in described group between it, and the mean breadth of described groove is less than half of the average headway between the adjacent described track groups.

13. according to any described antenna in the claim 10 to 12, wherein, described in described group to comprising spiral track with different electrical length.

14. four-arm spiral antenna of in being higher than the frequency band of 200MHz, working, wherein, described antenna comprises 4 coextensive combined helical antenna elements, each antenna element is all to prolong the combination of slender conductor together by first and second of slit separation and to form, the width in described slit is less than half of the spacing between each combined helical antenna element and the arbitrary adjacent combination helical antenna element, wherein first and second with prolonging in the slender conductor each inside edge part with the described slit of constraint and the outer edge part that does not retrain the relative orientation in described slit, wherein said slit and described first and second defines the elongate boundaries zone with the inside edge of prolonging slender conductor, have relevant electrical length on the frequency of this zone in the service band of described antenna, this electrical length is greater than described first and second electrical length with the outer edge part of prolonging slender conductor.

15. antenna according to claim 14, wherein, described first and second of each combined helical antenna element prolongs slender conductor together and receives together in common feed electrical connection place or its proximity current source.

16. according to claim 14 or 15 described antennas, wherein, described the defining with the edge that prolongs slender conductor in described slit and the described slit of constraint has electrical length and is roughly n λ _g/ 2 elongate boundaries zone, wherein n is integer 1,2,3..., and λ _gIt is the guide wavelength in the described borderline region on the frequency in the service band of described antenna.

17. according to claim 14 or 15 described antennas, comprise that Antenna baseplate and common feed are electrically connected, wherein, described first and second with prolonging on the outer surface that slender conductor is positioned at described base plate, and have first and second ends, first end connects together and is connected to described common feed and is electrically connected, and second end is on described outer surface or close on described outer surface and link together.

18. according to claim 14 or 15 described antennas, wherein, described first and second prolong slender conductor together prolongs together on its whole length separately.

19., comprising: by having relative dielectric constant greater than the made cylindrical core of 5 solid dielectric material according to claim 14 or 15 described antennas; The common feed that is associated with an end of described core is electrically connected; And the linking conductor that is associated with the other end of described core, wherein, described first and second with prolonging slender conductor to be that same on the cylindrical outer surface of core with separately first and second ends prolongs elongated strip conductor right, described first end that prolongs elongated strip conductor together connects together and is connected to described common feed and is electrically connected, and second end is connected to described linking conductor, and described linking conductor interconnects 4 all combined helical antenna elements.

20. according to claim 14 or 15 described antennas, wherein, wriggle in described slit.

21. according to claim 14 or 15 described antennas, comprise a plurality of elongated dielectric devices, each is associated with corresponding described slit, and has the bigger relative dielectric constant of relative dielectric constant than the electric insulation environment of described combined helical antenna element.

22. according to claim 14 or 15 described antennas, wherein, described first and second are included in the strip conductor that forms on the dielectric base with first relative dielectric constant with prolonging slender conductor, and to be had a material of second relative dielectric constant bigger than first relative dielectric constant occupied in wherein said slit.