CN101145832B - A framing method based on time division synchronization code division multi-address and mobile self-organization network fusion - Google Patents
A framing method based on time division synchronization code division multi-address and mobile self-organization network fusion Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses an integration framing method of TD-SCDMA and a mobile ad hoc network, which subdivides a terminal communication state into five states, such as a cellular network state, an ad hoc state, a two-network parallel network state, a gateway state, and a gateway state under the cellular network communication. The invention designs the sign bit of the expression state and the related framing structure, and also defines three different time slots types. The switchover of varies states and the flaming flow comprise the following steps and are carried out in sequence: 1), startup; 2), initialing state; 3), mobile state; 4)h, cellular state; 5), ad hoc state; 6), two-network parallel communication state; 7), gateway state. The invention carries out the Ad Hoc communication by utilizing the idle time slot existed in the TD-SCDMA communication, designs the five communication states of the terminal in the two networks, the related flaming structure and the communication flow, and realizes the integration, co-existence and free switchover of the two networks and the function of time slot resource dynamic assignment. The invention is able to effectively expand the coverage of the cellular network.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to moving communicating field, is a kind of new method that TD-SCDMA and Ad hoc are merged mutually, has proposed corresponding frame structure, to realize this coexistence mechanism.
Background technology
TD-SCDMA proposes and obtains by China Wireless Telecommunication Standarization tissue (CWTS) the 3G wireless communication standard that ITU passes through.Itself and universal terrestrial radio access time division duplex (UTRA TDD) have formed the TDD-CDMA working method in 3G system.TD-SCDMA combines TDMA and two kinds of basic transmission modes of CDMA flexibly,, and adopted the advanced technologies such as smart antenna, uplink synchronous, software radio, joint-detection, thus formed unique air interface technologies.The thus obtained technical advance of TD-SCDMA shows the following aspects: ability, the availability of frequency spectrum of spectral flexibility and supporting cellular net are high, applicability is strong.Due to China, have in addition the independent intellectual property right of TD-SCDMA system, so that it has equipment cost is low, the feature that systematic function cost ratio is high.While is in the network planning, system, engineering construction and the aspects such as long-term technical support and technological service are provided for Domestic Carriers, and it also has irreplaceable advantage, can greatly save system Construction investment and operation cost.
Although it is above-mentioned that TD-CDMA system has advantages of, there are equally some intrinsic deficiencies, be mainly rate travel and the coverage of terminal.This is owing to having adopted the discontinuous transmission means of multi-slot, causes under high velocity environment anti-rapid fading and anti-Doppler effect capability poorer than the FDD mode of transmission continuously.And mobile ad-hoc network (being Ad hoc network) is a kind of special peer-to-peer network.It has without features such as center, self-organizing, multi-hop routes, without any network facilities of laying in advance, just can realize fast automatic networking.Therefore can be used as expansion and the access means of existing many communication networks.Ad hoc network can be expanded to the coverage of cellular network effectively for cellular mobile communication networks, improve the capacity of cellular system, equilibrium phase adjacent cell business, reduces base station number, reduces the power consumption of mobile terminal.
Summary of the invention
Technical problem: the framing method that the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of TD SDMA and mobile ad-hoc network to merge, on the substantially constant basis of the frame retaining TD-SCDMA system, make TD-SCDMA system realize the function of Ad hoc network, thereby realize two kinds of network integrations, coexist, freely switch and the functions such as dynamic assignment of time interval resource.
Technical scheme: the framing method that TD SDMA of the present invention and mobile ad-hoc network merge is subdivided into five kinds of gateway status under Cellular Networks state, state of self-organization, two net parallel communications states, gateway status, cellular network communication by the communications status of terminal, the flag bit of design expression state, corresponding frame structure, and defined three kinds of different time slot types, and the switching of various states and framing flow process comprise the following steps and are undertaken by described order:
1) start: when starting up of terminal, first by cell search process, catch the descending synchronous code of cell downlink pilot time slot, to realize and synchronize of current area, obtain the condition that accesses Cellular Networks,
2) initial condition: if while accessing successfully, terminal is in Cellular Networks state, all business time-slots are all for cellular network communication, keep traditional TD SDMA frame structure constant, under this kind of state, peak nest subframe are not formed to superframe.If access failure or do not cover lower time at honeycomb, terminal then TSN time slot corresponding in 10 honeycomb subframes is formed to the superframe of 1 50ms, wherein N=1,6, so that realize ad hoc network communication by the access way of time division multiple access, and search for mobile ad hoc network, to preengage control/transmission time slot on superframe, if preengage successfully, terminal becomes the activation node of mobile ad hoc network, in state of self-organization, at this moment the successful business time-slot of all reservations is all for movable self-organization Network Communication
3) mobile status: due to mobility, terminal under Cellular Networks state likely shifts out cellular coverage, at this moment terminal transfers in 10 honeycomb subframes, to form superframe, be convenient to realize ad hoc network communication by the access way of time division multiple access, and search for mobile ad hoc network, to preengage control/transmission time slot on superframe, if preengage successfully, terminal becomes the activation node of mobile ad hoc network, in state of self-organization; And when self-organization nodes moves in cellular coverage, the superframe of 50ms can be reverted back to 10 honeycomb subframes, access Cellular Networks, but SOT state of termination sign remains unchanged, and is still state of self-organization,
4) honeycomb state: when idle cellular terminal is initiated cellular services or detect for oneself beep-page message on paging broadcast channel, the dynamic channel assignment scheme that need adopt according to network and the type of business are determined distributed number of timeslots and position, if when initiating self-organizing business or receiving self-organization network call signaling, terminal will form superframe in 10 honeycomb subframes, and in self-organization network, utilize in subframe free timeslot as its control/transmission time slot, thereby realize, access two networks simultaneously, carry out the communication of another kind of network, terminal changes into the parallel state of two nets, if what receive is two net Forward-reques, terminal also needs to access two networks simultaneously.Now terminal will form superframe in 10 honeycomb subframes, and in self-organization network, utilize in subframe free timeslot as its control/transmission time slot, change into gateway status,
5) state of self-organization: when idle self-organization nodes is initiated self-organizing business or is received self-organization network call signaling, control/transmission time slot transmitting data that terminal has preferentially been preengage on superframe, if need carry out high speed data transfer, terminal can be preengage new transmission time slot in the free timeslot on superframe temporarily, and end of transmission discharges, if when initiating cellular services or detecting for oneself beep-page message, terminal is according to required transmission rate and the dynamic channel assignment scheme adopting, determine the transfer of next step state and the conversion of frame structure, namely when transmission rate is in 144 kilobits/second when following, terminal accesses two networks simultaneously, subframe structure in superframe is transformed into the subframe structure under two net parallel communications states by the subframe structure under state of self-organization, flag bit changes into the parallel state of two nets, carry out the communication of Cellular Networks, and when transmission rate is during higher than 144 kilobits/second, terminal exits mobile ad hoc network, the superframe of 50ms reverts back 10 honeycomb subframes, subframe structure keeps traditional TD SDMA subframe structure constant, flag bit converts Cellular Networks state to, be exclusively used in cellular communication, if what receive is two net Forward-reques, terminal also needs to access two networks simultaneously, subframe structure in superframe is transformed into the subframe structure under gateway status by the subframe structure under state of self-organization, flag bit changes into gateway status,
6) two net parallel communications states: when two net parallel terminals complete communication, terminal node becomes two net nodes, still keep the two nets state that walks abreast, subframe structure in superframe is constant, so that terminal forwards and two net parallel communicationss, and freely switch between two kinds of networks, when need complete self-organizing business or the low speed cellular services below 144 kilobits/second, node can utilize and oneself access the advantage of two networks simultaneously, directly communicate, and when transmission rate is during higher than 144 kilobits/second, terminal need exit self-organization network and be exclusively used in cellular communication, the superframe of 50ms reverts back 10 honeycomb subframes, subframe structure keeps traditional TD SDMA frame structure constant, flag bit is directly changed into Cellular Networks state, and in the time need completing two net forwarding services, terminal only need become gateway status by status indication, subframe structure just can directly forward without changing,
7) gateway status: gateway node is when forwarding, the cellular pages message for oneself detected, forwarding rate can be reduced, subframe structure in superframe is transformed into the subframe structure under two net parallel communications states by the subframe structure under state of self-organization, to carry out cellular communication simultaneously, the gateway status of terminal under cellular network communication, when cellular communication finishes, terminal is return gateway status, proceeding two nets forwards, if forward communication, be also through with, terminal is directly return the parallel state of two nets, waits for the initiation of next communication.
The corresponding subframe structure of defined five kinds of different conditions is as follows:
1) subframe structure under Cellular Networks state
The subframe structure that refers to terminal keeps traditional TD SDMA frame structure constant,
2) subframe structure under state of self-organization
Refer in the subframe structure of terminal time slot TS0 to DwPTS partly still for receiving descending pilot frequency and the cellular pages signal of Cellular Networks; and time slot TS1 is used for ad hoc network communication to time slot TS6; and the burst of each self-organization network ruton time slot by the synchronizing sequence of 64 chips, the data sequence of the training sequence of 144 chips, two 320 chips; between the protection of 16 chips, deaden into
3) subframe structure under two net parallel communications states
In the subframe structure of finger terminal, time slot TS1, time slot TS6 are for cellular communication, and time slot TS2 is used for ad hoc network communication to time slot TS5,
4) subframe structure under gateway status
In the subframe structure of finger terminal, time slot TS3, time slot TS4 are for ad hoc network communication, and time slot TS1, time slot TS2, time slot TS5, time slot TS6, for cellular communication, forward self-organizing signal,
5) subframe structure under the gateway status under cellular network communication
In the subframe structure of finger terminal, time slot TS1, time slot TS2, time slot TS5, time slot TS6 are for cellular communication, time slot TS1, time slot TS6 communicating by letter for gateway node self and Cellular Networks wherein, time slot TS2, time slot TS5 are used for forwarding ad hoc network communication signal, and time slot TS3, time slot TS4 are exclusively used in ad hoc network communication.
Time slot in superframe can be divided into following three kinds by function:
1) control/transmission time slot: obtain and keep always in Ad hoc network time reservation by terminal, to obtain ad hoc network communication ability, it has the control channel sending control signaling and the transmission channel that transmits low speed data, whether distinguishing terminal is the sign that self-organizing network activates node
2) transmission time slot is to preengage by activating node temporarily, only has transmission channel, is exclusively used in high speed data transfer and asymmetric Packet Service,
3) public broadcasting time slot is to be used by un-activation node, is specifically designed to the transmission of un-activation node IP and the reception of self-organizing network call signaling.
Beneficial effect: the framing method that the present invention proposes has carried out sufficient utilization to the free timeslot of terminal communication frame, has increased new communication pattern with the coverage of expansion cellular network, improves the capacity of cellular system, and has improved the average communication speed of system.
This method has been made certain modification on the frame structure of TD-SCDMA communication terminal, by the concept of superframe, in TD-SCDMA terminal, realize the communication function of Ad hoc network, so both guaranteed the complete compatibility of terminal frame structure when TD-SCDMA communicates by letter, also realize the requirement of each terminal point-to-point communication in Ad hoc network, also can realize terminal simultaneously forwarding between access communications or two nets on two networks simultaneously.
This method has just been done new definition to the free timeslot of terminal communication frame, as long as terminal is carried out to a small amount of modification, other partial functions of TD-SCDMA system and whole communication signalings do not need to make any modification, thereby can realize with minimum cost Ad hoc communication.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the frame assumption diagram under each communications status of terminal in the inventive method, Fig. 1 a is Cellular Networks status frames structural representation, Fig. 1 b is Ad hoc status frames structural representation, Fig. 1 c is two net parallel communications status frames structural representations, Fig. 1 d is gateway status frame structure schematic diagram, Fig. 1 e is the gateway status frame structure schematic diagram under cellular network communication
Fig. 2 is the communications status transition diagram of terminal,
Fig. 3 is the flow chart that in the inventive method, each communications status switches, and Fig. 3 a is system initialization flow process, and Fig. 3 b is the flow chart that Cellular Networks state switches, and Fig. 3 c is the flow chart that Adhoc state switches, and Fig. 3 d is the flow chart that the parallel state of two nets switches.
Embodiment
The framing method that TD SDMA of the present invention and mobile ad-hoc network merge is subdivided into five kinds of gateway status under Cellular Networks state, state of self-organization, two net parallel communications states, gateway status, cellular network communication by the communications status of terminal, the flag bit of design expression state, corresponding frame structure, and defined three kinds of different time slot types, and the switching of various states and framing flow process comprise the following steps and are undertaken by described order:
1) start: when starting up of terminal, first by cell search process, catch the descending synchronous code of cell downlink pilot time slot, to realize and synchronize of current area, obtain the condition that accesses Cellular Networks,
2) initial condition: if while accessing successfully, terminal is in Cellular Networks state, and all business time-slots are all for cellular network communication, and its frame structure is as shown in Fig. 1 (a), keep traditional TD-SCDMA frame structure constant, under this kind of state, peak nest subframe is not formed to superframe.If access failure or do not cover lower time at honeycomb, terminal is transferred TSN (N=1 corresponding in 10 honeycomb subframes, 6) time slot forms the superframe of 1 50ms, and each subframe structure in superframe is as shown in Fig. 1 (b), so that realize Ad hoc communication by the access way of TDMA, and search for mobile ad hoc network, to preengage control/transmission time slot on superframe, if preengage successfully, terminal becomes
For the activation node of mobile ad hoc network, in state of self-organization, at this moment the successful business time-slot of all reservations is all for movable self-organization Network Communication,
3) mobile status: due to mobility, terminal under Cellular Networks state likely shifts out cellular coverage, at this moment terminal transfers in 10 honeycomb subframes, to form superframe, be convenient to realize Ad hoc communication by the access way of TDMA, and search for mobile ad hoc network, to preengage control/transmission time slot on superframe, if preengage successfully, terminal becomes the activation node of mobile ad hoc network, in state of self-organization; And when self-organization nodes moves in cellular coverage, the superframe of 50ms can be reverted back to 10 honeycomb subframes, access Cellular Networks, but SOT state of termination sign remains unchanged, and is still state of self-organization,
4) honeycomb state: when idle cellular terminal is initiated cellular services or detect for oneself beep-page message on paging broadcast channel, the dynamic channel assignment scheme that need adopt according to network and the type of business are determined distributed number of timeslots and position.If when initiating self-organizing business or receiving self-organization network call signaling, terminal will form superframe in 10 honeycomb subframes, each subframe structure in superframe is as shown in Fig. 1 (c), and in self-organization network, utilize in subframe free timeslot as its control/transmission time slot, thereby realize, access two networks simultaneously, carry out the communication of another kind of network, terminal changes into the parallel state of two nets.If what receive is two net Forward-reques, terminal also needs to access two networks simultaneously.Now terminal will form superframe in 10 honeycomb subframes, each subframe structure in superframe as shown in Fig. 1 (d), and in self-organization network, utilize in subframe free timeslot as its control/transmission time slot, change into gateway status,
5) state of self-organization: when idle self-organization nodes is initiated self-organizing business or is received self-organization network call signaling, control/transmission time slot transmitting data that terminal has preferentially been preengage on superframe, if need carry out high speed data transfer, terminal can be preengage new transmission time slot in the free timeslot on superframe temporarily, and end of transmission discharges, if when initiating cellular services or detecting for oneself beep-page message, terminal is according to required transmission rate and the dynamic channel assignment scheme adopting, determine the transfer of next step state and the conversion of frame structure, namely when transmission rate is when 144kbits/s is following, terminal accesses two networks simultaneously, subframe structure shown in Fig. 1 in superframe (b) is transformed to the subframe structure shown in Fig. 1 (c), flag bit changes into the parallel state of two nets, carry out the communication of Cellular Networks, and when transmission rate is during higher than 144kbits/s, terminal exits mobile ad hoc network, the superframe of 50ms reverts back 10 honeycomb subframes, subframe structure is as shown in Fig. 1 (a), flag bit converts Cellular Networks state to, be exclusively used in cellular communication, if what receive is two net Forward-reques, terminal also needs to access two networks simultaneously, subframe structure shown in Fig. 1 in superframe (b) is transformed to the subframe structure shown in Fig. 1 (d), flag bit changes into gateway status,
6) two net parallel communications states: when two net parallel terminals complete communication, terminal node becomes two net nodes, still keep the two nets state that walks abreast, subframe structure in superframe is constant, so that terminal forwards and two net parallel communicationss, and freely switch between two kinds of networks, when need complete self-organizing business or the low speed cellular services below 144kbits/s, node can utilize and oneself access the advantage of two networks simultaneously, directly communicate, and when transmission rate is during higher than 144kbits/s, terminal need exit self-organization network and be exclusively used in cellular communication, the superframe of 50ms reverts back 10 honeycomb subframes, subframe structure is as shown in Fig. 1 (a), flag bit is directly changed into Cellular Networks state.And in the time need completing two net forwarding services, terminal only need become status indication gateway status, subframe structure just can directly forward without changing,
7) gateway status: gateway node is when forwarding, the cellular pages message for oneself detected, forwarding rate can be reduced, subframe structure shown in Fig. 1 in superframe (b) is transformed to the subframe structure shown in Fig. 1 (c), to carry out cellular communication simultaneously, the gateway status of terminal under cellular network communication, when cellular communication finishes, terminal is return gateway status, proceeding two nets forwards, if forward communication, be also through with, terminal is directly return the parallel state of two nets, waits for the initiation of next communication.
The corresponding subframe structure of defined five kinds of different conditions is as follows
1) subframe structure under Cellular Networks state
Refer to that the subframe structure of terminal is as shown in Fig. 1 (a), keep traditional TD-SCDMA frame structure constant.
2) subframe structure under Ad hoc state
Refer to that the subframe structure of terminal is as shown in Fig. 1 (b), wherein TS0 is to DwPTS part still for receiving descending pilot frequency and the cellular pages signal of Cellular Networks, and time slot TS1 is used for Ad hoc to TS6 and communicates by letter.And the burst of each Adhoc time slot by the synchronizing sequence of 64chips, the data sequence of the training sequence of 144chips, two 320chips between the protection of 16chips, deaden into.
3) subframe structure under two net parallel communications states
Refer to that the subframe structure of terminal is as shown in Fig. 1 (c), time slot TS1, TS6 are for TD-SCDMA communication, and time slot TS2 communicates by letter for Ad hoc to TS5.
4) subframe structure under gateway status
Refer to that the subframe structure of terminal is as shown in Fig. 1 (d), time slot TS3, TS4 are for Ad hoc communication.Time slot TS1, TS2, TS5, TS6, for cellular communication, forward Ad hoc signal.
5) subframe structure under the gateway status under cellular network communication
Refer to that the subframe structure of terminal is as shown in Fig. 1 (e), time slot TS1, TS2, TS5, TS6 are for cellular communication.Wherein TS1, TS6 are for the communicating by letter of gateway node self and Cellular Networks, and TS2, TS5 are used for forwarding Ad hoc signal.And time slot TS3, TS4 are exclusively used in Ad hoc communication.
Time slot in superframe can be divided into following three kinds by function:
1) control/transmission time slot: obtain and keep always by terminal reservation when accessing Ad hoc, to obtain Ad hoc communication capacity.It has the control channel sending control signaling and the transmission channel that transmits low speed data, is whether distinguishing terminal is the sign that Ad hoc activates node.
2) transmission time slot is to preengage by activating node temporarily, only has transmission channel, is exclusively used in high speed data transfer and asymmetric Packet Service.
3) public broadcasting time slot is to be used by un-activation node, is specifically designed to the transmission of un-activation node IP and the reception of Ad hoc call signaling.
Cardinal principle of the present invention is to utilize the free timeslot in cellular communication to carry out Ad hoc communication simultaneously, to realize two nets, coexists.Because starting point of the present invention is Ad hoc network and TD-SCDMA network integration, to realize the coverage of expansion cellular network, improve the capacity of cellular system, so cellular network communication should have priority in two Network Communications.In addition, the present invention is divided into the gateway status under Cellular Networks state, Adhoc state, two net parallel communications states, gateway status, cellular network communication by the communications status of terminal.Introduce respectively these 5 kinds of states and corresponding frame structure below
(1) Cellular Networks state
Refer to that terminal only communicates in TD-SCDMA network, realization be general T D-SCDMA termination function.Its frame structure, as shown in Fig. 1 (a), keeps traditional TD-SCDMA frame structure constant.
(2) Ad hoc state
Refer to that terminal only communicates in Ad hoc network, but should keep accessing at any time the ability (when moving into Cellular Networks coverage) of Cellular Networks, realization be common Ad hoc network termination function.Its frame structure is as shown in Fig. 1 (b), and wherein TS0 is to DwPTS part still for receiving descending pilot frequency and the cellular pages signal of Cellular Networks, and time slot TS1 communicates by letter for Ad hoc to TS6.And the burst of each Ad hoc time slot by the synchronizing sequence of 64chips, the data sequence of the training sequence of 144chips, two 320chips between the protection of 16chips, deaden into.
(3) two net parallel communications states
Finger is when initiating another Network or the beep-page message of another network being detected, and the terminal in Cellular Networks or Adhoc state accesses two networks simultaneously, communicates.Its realization be that two nets are communicated by letter but the function that do not forward simultaneously.Its frame structure is as shown in Fig. 1 (c), and time slot TS1, TS6 are for TD-SCDMA communication, and time slot TS2 communicates by letter for Ad hoc to TS5.
(4) gateway status
Refer to that terminal forwards between Ad hoc network and TD-SCDMA network, realization be the function that terminal is carried out two net forwardings, be the significant state that two nets merge.Its frame structure is as shown in Fig. 1 (d), and time slot TS3, TS4 are for Ad hoc communication.Time slot TS1, TS2, TS5, TS6, for cellular communication, forward Ad hoc signal.
(5) gateway status under cellular network communication
Finger is received TD-SCDMA call signaling in the terminal of gateway status, carries out cellular network communication, keeps forwarding basic, low speed simultaneously, realization be the function that two under basic cellular network communication net forwards.Its frame structure is as shown in Fig. 1 (e), and time slot TS1, TS2, TS5, TS6 are for cellular communication.Wherein TS1, TS6 are for the communicating by letter of gateway node self and Cellular Networks, and TS2, TS5 are used for forwarding Ad hoc signal.And time slot TS3, TS4 are exclusively used in Ad hoc communication.
In order to guarantee the unification of frame structure, the Ad hoc network communication mode in the present invention still utilizes the general structure of TD-SCDMA frame, at business time-slot TS1, to the idle component in TS6, communicates.Simultaneously in order to meet ITU, about voice communication unidirectional transmission time delay, be no more than the requirement of 200ms, the present invention by TSN corresponding in 10 subframes (N=1 ..., 6) and time slot forms 1 superframe, and the cycle is 50ms, with the access way of TDMA, realizes Ad hoc communication.The convenient like this terminal in various communications status, utilizes situation by the time slot of oneself, finds available free timeslot set, and reservation time slot carries out Ad hoc communication.
The time slot that terminal is preengage in Ad hoc network can be divided into following 3 kinds by function:
(1) control/transmission time slot
By terminal reservation when accessing Ad hoc, obtain and keep always, to obtain Ad hoc communication capacity.It has the control channel sending control signaling and the transmission channel that transmits low speed data, is whether distinguishing terminal is the sign that Ad hoc activates node.In order to realize freely switching between each communications status, superframe Ts3, Ts4 are specifically designed to each terminal node reservation control/transmission time slot.
(2) transmission time slot
Be to preengage by activating node temporarily, only have transmission channel, be exclusively used in high speed data transfer and asymmetric Packet Service.In the present invention, by other four superframes except superframe Ts3, Ts4, be specifically designed to the reservation application of transmission time slot.
(3) public broadcasting time slot
Be to be used by un-activation node, be specifically designed to the transmission of un-activation node IP and the reception of Ad hoc call signaling.It is comprised of first time slot of Ts3, Ts4 superframe, and each superframe has two public broadcasting time slots.The inventive method utilizes GPS (Global Position System) time service slightly synchronous to realize Ad hoc the whole network, i.e. the transmitting-receiving time boundary of clear and definite each node and each superframe.By data sequence, make the front 64bit of time slot burst structure into SYNC sequence, to provide despreading required precise synchronization simultaneously.When gateway node carries out two nets forwardings, need to make the flow matches of two networks consistent, could realize stable forwarding.In order to reduce the complexity of Ad hoc access mechanism, the transmission capacity of a time slot of our regulation Ad hoc pattern is equivalent to 10 times under honeycomb mode.Two net converting flow matching formulas are
N
Ad/P
Ad＝10*N
TD/P
TD
N wherein
ad, N
tDrespectively the transmission code channel number of Ad hoc and TD-SCDMA network, P
adand P
tDfor being the spread processing factor of Ad hoc and TD-SCDMA network.
The present invention provides a kind of specific embodiment at this, to introduce terminal node, is how to switch various states.
(1), when starting up of terminal, the descending synchronous code SYNC-DL of search cell descending pilot frequency time slot DwPTS first, to realize and the synchronizeing of current area, obtains the condition of access Cellular Networks.
(2) if successfully search the descending synchronous code SYNC-DL of community, terminal enters cell search process, selects suitable cell, completes community resident.At this moment terminal is in Cellular Networks state, business time-slot TS1 to TS6 all for cellular communication.
(3) if while searching for less than descending synchronous code SYNC-DL or access procedure failure, terminal is transferred search Adhoc network.By Ad hoc network being continued to the monitoring of one-period, terminal can, by the control channel of each neighbor node in local domain, be understood its time slot and utilize the information such as state, channel status, node address, and find thus noiseless available time slot set P.Terminal is preengage control/transmission time slot on P, becomes the activation node of Ad hoc.Now terminal is in Ad hoc state.At this moment business time-slot TS1 communicates by letter for Ad hoc to TS6.
(4) Ad hoc node keeps the search to community downlink synchronous code SYNC-DL always, so that in moving into cellular coverage time, can immediately access Cellular Networks.After Ad hoc node access Cellular Networks, as long as also do not have cellular services to need to realize, state is still just Ad hoc state.Business time-slot TS1 also communicates by letter for Ad hoc to TS6.
(5) when idle cellular terminal is initiated cellular services or detect for oneself beep-page message, the dynamic channel assignment scheme that need adopt according to network and the type of business, determine distributed number of timeslots and position.If when initiating Ad hoc business or receiving Ad hoc call signaling, terminal, in Ad hoc network, utilizes the free timeslot of oneself as its control/transmission time slot.Thereby access two networks simultaneously, carry out the communication of another kind of network.Terminal changes into the parallel state of two nets.If what receive is two net Forward-reques, terminal also needs to access two networks simultaneously, changes into gateway status.
(6) when idle Ad hoc node is initiated Ad hoc business or is received Ad hoc call signaling, control/transmission time slot transmitting data that terminal is preferentially being preengage.If need carry out high speed data transfer, terminal can be preengage new transmission time slot temporarily, and end of transmission discharges.If when initiating cellular services or detecting for own beep-page message, terminal, according to required transmission rate and the dynamic channel assignment scheme that adopts, determines the transfer of next step state.Namely, when transmission rate is when 144kbits/s is following, terminal accesses two networks simultaneously, changes into the parallel state of two nets, carries out the communication of Cellular Networks.And when transmission rate is during higher than 144kbits/s, terminal exits Ad hoc network switch and becomes Cellular Networks state, is exclusively used in cellular communication.If what receive is two net Forward-reques, terminal also needs to access two networks simultaneously, changes into gateway status.
(7) when two net parallel terminals complete when communication, terminal node becomes two net nodes, still keeps the two nets state that walks abreast.Only have this node just may forward and two net parallel communicationss, and freely switch between two kinds of networks.When need complete Ad hoc business or the low speed cellular services below 144kbits/s, node can utilize and oneself access the advantage of two networks simultaneously, directly communicates.And when transmission rate is during higher than 144kbits/s, terminal can exit Ad hoc network-specific in cellular communication.It is directly changed into Cellular Networks state.When need complete two net forwarding services, terminal only need become gateway status by status indication, just can directly forward.
(8) gateway node, when forwarding, detects the beep-page message for oneself.Forwarding rate can be reduced, and carry out cellular communication simultaneously.The gateway status of terminal under cellular network communication.When cellular communication finishes, terminal is return gateway status, proceeds two nets and forwards.If forward communication, be also through with, terminal is directly return the parallel state of two nets, waits for the initiation of next communication.
Claims (1)
1. the framing method that a TD SDMA and mobile ad-hoc network merge, it is characterized in that the communications status of terminal to be subdivided into five kinds of gateway status under Cellular Networks state, state of self-organization, two net parallel communications states, gateway status, cellular network communication, the flag bit of expression state is set in terminal, and design the corresponding frame structure of each state, and defined three kinds of different time slot types, and the switching of various states and framing flow process comprise the following steps and carry out in order:
Start: when starting up of terminal, first by cell search process, catch the descending synchronous code of cell downlink pilot time slot, to realize and synchronize of current area, obtain the condition that accesses Cellular Networks,
Initial condition: if while accessing successfully, terminal is in Cellular Networks state, all business time-slots are all for cellular network communication, keep traditional TD SDMA frame structure constant, under this kind of state, honeycomb subframe are not formed to superframe; If access failure or do not cover lower time at honeycomb, terminal transfers 10 honeycomb subframes to form the superframe of 1 50ms, wherein in each subframe, corresponding TSN time slot is used for transfer of data, N=1,6, so that realize ad hoc network communication by the access way of time division multiple access, and search for mobile ad hoc network, with reservation on superframe, control and transmission time slot, if preengage successfully, terminal becomes the activation node of mobile ad hoc network, in state of self-organization, at this moment the successful business time-slot of all reservations is all for movable self-organization Network Communication
Mobile status: due to mobility, terminal under Cellular Networks state likely shifts out cellular coverage, at this moment terminal transfers 10 honeycomb subframes to form superframes, be convenient to realize ad hoc network communication by the access way of time division multiple access, and search for mobile ad hoc network, with reservation on superframe, control and transmission time slot, if preengage successfully, terminal becomes the activation node of mobile ad hoc network, in state of self-organization; And when self-organization nodes moves in cellular coverage, the superframe of 50ms is reverted back to 10 honeycomb subframes, access Cellular Networks, but SOT state of termination sign remains unchanged, and is still state of self-organization,
Honeycomb state: when idle cellular terminal is initiated cellular services or detect for oneself beep-page message on paging broadcast channel, the dynamic channel assignment scheme that need adopt according to self-organizing network and the type of business are determined distributed number of timeslots and position, if when initiating self-organizing business or receiving self-organization network call signaling, terminal forms superframe by 10 honeycomb subframes, and in self-organization network, utilize free timeslot in subframe as its control and transmission time slot, thereby realize, access two networks simultaneously, carry out the communication of self-organizing network, terminal changes into the parallel state of two nets, if what receive is two net Forward-reques, terminal also needs to access two networks simultaneously, now terminal forms superframes by 10 honeycomb subframes, and in self-organization network, utilizes free timeslot in subframe as its control and transmission time slot, changes into gateway status,
State of self-organization: when idle self-organization nodes is initiated self-organizing business or is received self-organization network call signaling, the control that terminal has preferentially been preengage on superframe and transmission time slot transmitting data, if need carry out high speed data transfer, the new transmission time slot of interim reservation in the free timeslot of terminal on superframe, end of transmission discharges, if when initiating cellular services or detecting for oneself beep-page message, terminal is according to required transmission rate and the dynamic channel assignment scheme adopting, determine the transfer of next step state and the conversion of frame structure, namely when transmission rate is in 144 kilobits/second when following, terminal accesses two networks simultaneously, subframe structure in superframe is transformed into the subframe structure under two net parallel communications states by the subframe structure under state of self-organization, flag bit changes into the parallel state of two nets, carry out the communication of Cellular Networks, and when transmission rate is during higher than 144 kilobits/second, terminal exits mobile ad hoc network, the superframe of 50ms reverts back 10 honeycomb subframes, subframe structure keeps traditional TD SDMA subframe structure constant, flag bit converts Cellular Networks state to, be exclusively used in cellular communication, if what receive is two net Forward-reques, terminal also needs to access two networks simultaneously, subframe structure in superframe is transformed into the subframe structure under gateway status by the subframe structure under state of self-organization, flag bit changes into gateway status,
Two net parallel communications states: when two net parallel terminals complete communication, terminal node becomes two net nodes, still keep the two nets state that walks abreast, subframe structure in superframe is constant, so that terminal forwards and two net parallel communicationss, and freely switch between two kinds of networks, when need complete self-organizing business or the low speed cellular services below 144 kilobits/second, oneself accesses the advantage of two networks node utilization simultaneously, directly communicate, and when transmission rate is during higher than 144 kilobits/second, terminal need exit self-organization network and be exclusively used in cellular communication, the superframe of 50ms reverts back 10 honeycomb subframes, subframe structure keeps traditional TD SDMA frame structure constant, flag bit is directly changed into Cellular Networks state, and in the time need completing two net forwarding services, terminal only need be marked as gateway status by the communications status flag bit of self, subframe structure just can directly forward without changing,
Gateway status: gateway node is when forwarding, the cellular pages message for oneself detected, forwarding rate is reduced, subframe structure in superframe is transformed into the subframe structure under two net parallel communications states by the subframe structure under state of self-organization, to carry out cellular communication simultaneously, the gateway status of terminal under cellular network communication, when cellular communication finishes, terminal is return gateway status, proceeding two nets forwards, if forward communication, be also through with, terminal is directly return the parallel state of two nets, waits for the initiation of next communication;
The corresponding subframe structure of defined five kinds of different conditions is as follows:
1) subframe structure under Cellular Networks state
The subframe structure that refers to terminal keeps traditional TD SDMA frame structure constant,
2) subframe structure under state of self-organization
The subframe that refers to terminal is that the basic structure of Adhoc status frames is in order by transmission time slot TS0, downlink synchronization slot DwPTS, protection interval time slot GP, uplink synchronous time slot UpPTS, transmission time slot TS1, transmission time slot TS2, transmission time slot TS3, transmission time slot TS4, transmission time slot TS5, transmission time slot TS6 forms, just wherein time slot TS0 and two time slots of DwPTS still for receiving descending pilot frequency and the cellular pages signal of Cellular Networks, and time slot TS1 is used for ad hoc network communication to time slot TS6, and the burst of each ad hoc network communication time slot is by the synchronizing sequence of 64 chips, the training sequence of 144 chips, the data sequence of two 320 chips, between the protection of 16 chips, deaden into,
3) subframe structure under two net parallel communications states
The subframe basic structure that refers to terminal is comprised of transmission time slot TS0, downlink synchronization slot DwPTS, protection interval time slot GP, uplink synchronous time slot UpPTS, transmission time slot TS1, transmission time slot TS2, transmission time slot TS3, transmission time slot TS4, transmission time slot TS5, transmission time slot TS6 in order; just wherein time slot TS1, time slot TS6 are used for cellular communication; time slot TS2 is used for ad hoc network communication to time slot TS5
4) subframe structure under gateway status
The subframe basic structure that refers to terminal is comprised of transmission time slot TS0, downlink synchronization slot DwPTS, protection interval time slot GP, uplink synchronous time slot UpPTS, transmission time slot TS1, transmission time slot TS2, transmission time slot TS3, transmission time slot TS4, transmission time slot TS5, transmission time slot TS6 in order; just wherein time slot TS3, time slot TS4 are used for ad hoc network communication; time slot TS1, time slot TS2, time slot TS5, time slot TS6 are for cellular communication; forward self-organizing signal
5) subframe structure under the gateway status under cellular network communication
Refer to that the subframe basic structure of terminal is in order by transmission time slot TS0, downlink synchronization slot DwPTS, protection interval time slot GP, uplink synchronous time slot UpPTS, transmission time slot TS1, transmission time slot TS2, transmission time slot TS3, transmission time slot TS4, transmission time slot TS5, transmission time slot TS6 forms, time slot TS1 wherein just, time slot TS2, time slot TS5, time slot TS6 is for cellular communication, time slot TS1 wherein, time slot TS6 communicates by letter for gateway node self and Cellular Networks, time slot TS2, time slot TS5 is used for forwarding ad hoc network communication signal, and time slot TS3, time slot TS4 is exclusively used in ad hoc network communication,
Time slot in superframe is divided into following three types by function:
1) control and transmission time slot: by terminal reservation when the Ad hoc network, obtain and keep always, to obtain ad hoc network communication ability, it has the control channel sending control signaling and the transmission channel that transmits low speed data, whether distinguishing terminal is the sign that self-organizing network activates node
2) transmission time slot is to preengage by activating node temporarily, only has transmission channel, is exclusively used in high speed data transfer and asymmetric Packet Service,
3) public broadcasting time slot is to be used by un-activation node, is specifically designed to the transmission of un-activation node IP and the reception of self-organizing network call signaling.
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| CN102150382A (en) * | 2009-11-13 | 2011-08-10 | 高通股份有限公司 | Method and apparatus for uplink and downlink RF switching |
| CN102238606B (en) * | 2010-04-30 | 2016-03-30 | 中兴通讯股份有限公司 | A kind of signal processing method based on frame structure extension and system |
| CN102264076B (en) * | 2010-05-28 | 2013-10-16 | 电信科学技术研究院 | Method, system and equipment for transmitting signals during joint networking of systems |
| EP2638679A4 (en) * | 2010-11-12 | 2016-07-20 | Nokia Technologies Oy | Method and apparatus for device to device communications |
| CN103491635B (en) * | 2013-09-24 | 2016-06-08 | 河海大学 | The slot allocation method of a kind of TD-SCDMA and Ad hoc heterogeneous network |
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| EP3484189B1 (en) * | 2017-11-13 | 2023-01-11 | Robert Bosch GmbH | Road-side network node and method to operate the road-side network node |
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| CN110248416B (en) * | 2019-07-01 | 2021-08-13 | 西安交通大学 | Distributed dynamic time slot allocation method in long-distance TDMA mobile self-organizing network |
| CN114245321B (en) * | 2021-12-21 | 2023-05-12 | 瓴盛科技有限公司 | Communication method and device for single radio frequency integration of public network and ad hoc network |
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