CN101139669A - Copper strip for framework, connector and packaging member and method for manufacturing same - Google Patents
Copper strip for framework, connector and packaging member and method for manufacturing same Download PDFInfo
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- CN101139669A CN101139669A CNA2006100307867A CN200610030786A CN101139669A CN 101139669 A CN101139669 A CN 101139669A CN A2006100307867 A CNA2006100307867 A CN A2006100307867A CN 200610030786 A CN200610030786 A CN 200610030786A CN 101139669 A CN101139669 A CN 101139669A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a copper alloy material, in particular to a copper stripe for frames, plug-ins and encapsulating parts and a manufacturing method for the copper stripe. The alloy elements of the copper stripe are iron, phosphorus and zinc. The copper stripe is characterized in that: the components of the product based on the weight percentage are as follows: iron: 2.1 to 2.6 per cent, phosphorus: 0.015 to 0.15 per cent, zinc: 0.05 to 0.20 per cent, the remainder is copper. The manufacturing procedure by using the material percentage as above is that: inspecting, weighing and burdening raw materials; melting the raw material in a furnace and then changing into a thermal-insulating furnace; sampling and analyzing the melted raw material; casting in semi-continuous way; cutting off the head and tail of the cast ingot; inspecting the quality of the cast ingot; heating in a step furnace and hot rolling; milling surface of the blank stripes; inspecting quality of the blank stripes; cold rough rolling; cutting edges; annealing by a bell furnace; cold intermediate rolling; intermediate annealing by an air cushion furnace; fine rolling by 12 rollers; cleaning the finished products by an air cushion furnace; bending and straightening the finished products; inspecting the finished products; packing and storing in warehouse. The product of the invention has high electric conductivity, intensity and hardness as well as softening temperature, easiness in soldering, good air tightness with encapsulating material and corrosion resistance, etc.
Description
Technical field:
The present invention relates to Cu alloy material, particularly a kind of framework, connector and packaged piece copper strips and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology:
The electronic information industry development is swift and violent at present, China also classifies it as new industry that state key is fostered development, so the electronic information industry is very big with the copper strips amount, every year only the used for lead frame copper strips more than 10,000 tons, add connector usefulness and packaged piece copper strips, it is measured about 100,000 tons.
Lead frame, connector and packaged piece copper strips are one of base mateirals of electronic information industry, compare with the general use copper strips, and it has many special requirements.As require high electric conductivity, higher intensity and hardness, higher softening temperature.Easily soldering and packaged material adaptation are good, anti-corrosion, and very high dimensional precision, good plate cut, and no unrelieved stress or very little, any surface finish do not have oil, non-oxidation look, the long roll coil of strip etc.Fine copper has very high electric conductivity and plasticity, corrosion resisting property good, but intensity, hardness and softening temperature are very low, and traditional tinbronze band, copper-nickel alloy, brass conductive rate all very low (≤20%IACS).Therefore all can not satisfy of the requirement of electronic information industry with copper strips, developed country all adds a kind of or several alloys element in fine copper, develop various copper master alloies, thereby satisfied the electronic information industry lead frame, connector and packaged piece demand with copper strips.
Abroad, electronic information industry used for lead frame copper strips all is to have added one to several alloying elements in copper, and its add-on is also little, forms various copper master alloies.Its quantity roughly can be divided in kind more than 70: intensity and low electrical conductivity high strength three classes in high conductivity low strength, the middle electric conductivity.Its normal unit that adds have tens kinds in phosphorus, iron, tin, nickel, titanium, silver, manganese, silicon, boron, chromium, zirconium, zinc, cobalt, aluminium, beryllium, magnesium etc.At home, the electronic information industry copper strips of consumption maximum forms a kind of high conductivity after being in the copper and adding two to three kinds of alloying elements, and intensity is not the copper master alloy of very high suitable domestic electronic information industry.Its strengthening mechanism mostly is greatly that solid phase is separated out and cold working hardening.
Summary of the invention:
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of framework, connector and packaged piece with copper strips and manufacture method thereof so that product meet high electric conductivity is arranged, higher intensity and hardness, higher softening temperature, easily soldering is good with the packaged material adaptation, requirement such as anti-corrosion grade.
For solving the problems of the technologies described above, the present invention realizes like this
A kind of framework, connector and packaged piece copper strips, its alloying element is iron, phosphorus and zinc, it is characterized in that each moiety according to the weight percent product:
Iron: 2.1-2.6%;
Phosphorus: 0.015-0.15%;
Zinc: 0.05-0.20%;
Copper: surplus.
A kind of framework, connector and packaged piece is characterized in that using aforesaid material composition with the manufacture method of copper strips, and its manufacturing step is:
A, ingredient inspection weighing and burden;
B, go into stove fusing;
C, commentaries on classics holding furnace;
D, sampling analysis;
E, semicontinuous casting;
F, ingot casting crop end;
G, ingot quality check;
H, walking-beam furnace heating;
I, hot rolling;
J, made-up belt mill face;
K, made-up belt quality test;
L, cold roughing;
M, cutting edge;
N, bell jar furnace annealing;
O, roll in cold;
P, air cushion furnace process annealing;
Q, 12 roller finish rolling;
R, air cushion furnace finished product clean;
S, stretch-bending straightening;
T, inspection after construction;
U, packing warehouse-in.
Described framework, connector and packaged piece is characterized in that with the manufacture method of copper strips iron and phosphorus must add in the mode of master alloy.
Described framework, connector and packaged piece is characterized in that the adding mode of iron: earlier iron is become the copper-iron master alloy piece of 10% iron with copper, by adding copper-10% iron alloy ingot bar, make alloying constituent reach the requirement of regulation with the manufacture method of copper strips;
The adding mode of phosphorus: make the master alloy piece of copper-10% phosphorus earlier,, make alloying constituent reach the requirement of regulation by adding copper-10% phosphorus alloy ingot bar.
Embodiment:
The invention provides a kind of framework, connector and packaged piece copper strips, we determine that selecting to add the many and inexpensive iron of china natural resources, phosphorus and zinc element forms copper master alloy, rather than select to add China such as nickel, tin, zirconium, silver comparatively rareness and the expensive relatively elementary composition copper master alloy of price.
According to copper-iron phase figure as can be known, the solubleness of iron in copper: in the time of 1094 ℃, in the time of 4%, 835 ℃, in the time of 1.1%, 600 ℃, 0.1%.In the time of in iron is dissolved in the copper matrix, can improve the intensity and the rigidity of alloy material, but reduce the electric conductivity of material.When iron-holder surpasses 0.15wt%, unnecessary iron will form fe particle (α-Fe or γ-Fe), alloy material is had tangible strengthening effect, thickization of crystal grain when it can stop heat, anti-softening properties is improved, but reduced the conductivity of material simultaneously.
Phosphorus has certain solid solubility (200 ℃ time, be 0.4%) in copper, play good deoxidation effect when melting, can prevent the oxidation of iron preferably, improves casting fluidity, obtains the second best in quality ingot casting.When content surpasses 0.05wt%, the low melting point eutectic of copper and copper 2 phosphorus be will form, thereby ingot quality and processing characteristics influenced, cause conductivity to descend and stress corrosion crack simultaneously.The effect of phosphorus in material can be familiar with aspect two: one, and under the situation that does not have other elements to participate in, phosphorus plays deoxidation; Its two, when having iron, phosphoric simultaneously in the copper alloy, iron and phosphorus will be combined into Fe
2P or Fe
3P has certain ageing strengthening effect in alloy, and plays crystal grain thinning, the generation of prevention recrystallize, thereby improves the resistance to softening at high temperature energy of material.
The easy solid solution of zinc when the zinc content in the alloy is 0.05~0.2%, can improve intensity and softening resistance in copper, prevent grain coarsening, and improve the brazing property of material, has to bear solder flux heat and the characteristic of not stratified (being anti-separability) and anti-migration.But excessive zinc element may cause the serious decline of material conductivity, when content surpasses 0.5wt%, will worsen the wetting property of soft solder.
Therefore, determine in the product of the present invention that its alloying element is iron, phosphorus and zinc, chemical ingredients is decided to be:
Iron: 2.1-2.6%;
Phosphorus: 0.015-0.15%;
Zinc: 0.05--0.20%;
Copper: surplus.
Below be each embodiment and the test result of product of the present invention
Specification: 0.12mm state: Y | Chemical ingredients | Tensile strength (Mpa) | Unit elongation (%) | Hardness (HV) |
Embodiment 1 | Fe:2.20 P:0.072 Zn:0.079 Cu: surplus | 450 | 7 | 140 |
Embodiment 2 | Fe:2.10 P:0.015 Zn:0.05 Cu: surplus | 410 | 6 | 130 |
Embodiment 3 | Fe:2.60 P:0.15 Zn:0.20 Cu: surplus | 480 | 5 | 135 |
Embodiment 4 | Fe:2.50 P:0.10 Zn:0.10 | 460 | 5.5 | 145 |
Cu: surplus |
Analysis explanation from alloying constituent: circuit lead frame material of the present invention is the Cu alloy material of precipitation strength class, and the disperse phase of precipitation strength is intermetallic compound Fe
2P and fe.
Select for use after the above-mentioned alloying constituent, the manufacture method step of product of the present invention is:
1 ingredient inspection; 2 weighing and burdens; 3 go into the stove fusing; 4 change holding furnace; 5 sampling analysis; 5 semicontinuous castings; 6 ingot casting crop ends; The check of 7 ingot qualities; The heating of 8 walking-beam furnaces; 9 hot rollings; 10 made-up belts mill face; 11 made-up belt quality tests; 12 cold roughing; 13 cutting edges; Roll during 14 bell jar furnace annealings 15 are cold (bell jar furnace annealing → cold in roll); 16 air cushion furnace process annealings; 170 two roller finish rolling; 18 air cushion furnace finished products clean (degreasing, annealing, pickling, cleaning, passivation, oven dry); 19 stretch-bending straightenings; 20 inspection after constructions; 21 packing warehouse-ins
The specific descriptions of aforesaid method step are as follows:
(1) ingot casting production
According to the characteristic of alloying element as can be known, the fusing point of copper is 1084 ℃, and the fusing point of iron is 1538 ℃, and the two differs 454 ℃, brings big difficulty for the melting of material: on the one hand, the melting equipment of existing copper alloy can't reach 1538 ℃ high temperature, simultaneously, under higher smelting temperature, melt is air-breathing causing and oxidation easily, spillage of material increases, and ingredient stability descends.In the actual production, we have adopted the mode that is made into copper-iron master alloy earlier to add alloying constituent iron.Earlier iron is become the copper-iron master alloy piece of 10% iron with copper, by adding copper-10% iron alloy ingot bar, make alloying constituent reach the requirement (iron: 2.1~2.6%) of regulation, can reduce the smelting temperature (1180~1220 ℃ of on-the-spot actual smelting temperatures) of alloy so effectively, also reduced the actual oxidation loss of iron, Composition Control is more stable.
The adding mode of alloying element phosphorus and iron phase are together, make the master alloy ingot bar of copper-10% phosphorus earlier, according to the dual function of phosphorus in Cu alloy material, we have adopted the mode that in batches adds: after the fusing of copper liquid is finished, add 50% phosphorus master alloy of batching earlier, purpose is the deoxidation treatment of carrying out copper liquid earlier; Then remaining phosphorus master alloy is added with the iron master alloy, in the hope of in copper liquid, forming part iron-phosphorus compound.
The difficult point of this castingprocesses and the method for solution:
Through the technical information inquiry, the density of such alloy is: 8.78g/cm3, and liquidus temperature is: 1090 ℃, solidus temperature is 1080 ℃, linear expansivity (20~300 ℃) is: 16.3 μ m/ (mK), specific heat capacity is: 385J/kg, thermal conductivity is: 260W/ (mK).According to above data analysis, this alloy material and traditional red copper or brass material have bigger difference.Technology and Equipment Requirement to casting have bigger singularity:
1, the casting temp of alloy material is higher;
2, alloy material is the apparent in view alloy of a kind of hot cracking tendency, relatively is easy to generate longitudinal crack in the ingot casting process.Need do bigger change with structure of mould to casting, adopt the copper sheathing material, strengthen the primary water amount simultaneously, reduce the secondary cooling performance, to adapt to the requirement of JC4 material casting.
3, the special composition of material is formed, and the technical indicator of used for lead frame material, has determined ingot casting macroscopic view metallographic structure and homogeneity of ingredients have been proposed higher requirement, has increased bigger difficulty also for the castingprocesses of material.
Therefore, iron and phosphorus must add in the mode of master alloy, otherwise iron is difficult for fusing in the copper liquid, and the then volatile scaling loss of phosphorus is fallen.For making iron fuse into copper liquid, we adopt copper iron master alloy to join in the smelting furnace to melt with electrolytic copper, stir to mix and stir mixing effect strongly when adding converter, and iron is evenly distributed in copper liquid.Phosphorus is the element of the easy scaling loss of easy oxidation, and we join in the holding furnace in the mode of copper phosphorus master alloy, has charcoal to cover liquid level in the stove, thereby has avoided the scaling loss of phosphorus.Adopt the master alloy mode to add also favourable its add-on of accurate control of iron, phosphorus.This product alloying element content is low, so it is the same with fine copper, and very easily air-breathing, ingot casting is prone to pore and rarefaction defect.Therefore, we are except that adopting dry charcoal to cover the bath surface of smelting furnace and holding furnace and under sealed state the converter, also adopt carbon black to cover mold liquid level, cast tubes and imbed and avoid air-breathing in the castingprocesses under the mold liquid level, carbon black also has the crystallizer effect of lubricating except that covering role is arranged.Production technology for casting of the present invention, its main founding parameter is: 1180 ℃-1200 ℃ of casting temps, casting speed 60-80mm/mim, cooling water pressure 0.02-0.08M phosphorus a.Adopt above-mentioned founding to produce ingot casting and be of a size of 170 * 630 * 5000-5100mm (thick * wide * long), the segregation knurl of ingot casting any surface finish, no cold shut, core slag inclusion and iron.Sawing is back ingot long 4750mm-4800mm end to end, and single ingot weighs 4.98 tons, the compact crystallization of section part end to end after the sawing, and defective such as do not have macroscopic pore, slag inclusion, loosen is for the long roll coil of strip, high precision, high quality finished product provide qualified ingot casting.
(2) hot rolling with mill the product of looking unfamiliar
After 60 minutes heating, the ingot casting temperature reaches 900 ℃ ± 10 ℃, and the hot rolling through ten a time on the two-roller reversible hot rolls rolls into the thick roll coil of strip of 12.8mm.For guaranteeing to obtain hot rolling microstructure completely, we are controlled at hot finishing temperature more than 650 ℃, and the cast structure of product has obtained sufficient fragmentation like this, is converted into hot rolling microstructure.Hot-rolled billet mills face on two-sided milling after water cooling.12.8mm the common every facing cut of thick made-up belt goes 0.4-0.6mm thick, the defectives such as surface film oxide that are pressed into when removing subcutaneous pinhole that the ingot casting top layer may exist, hot rolling.Mill made-up belt behind the face through exclusive surveyor's check, eligible is sent to cold roughing, and the failure must heavily mill, and does not locally mill clean oxide film and mills defectives such as sticking bits in the face to remove.Defectives such as the made-up belt any surface finish behind the face, no peeling, the sticking bits of nothing are milled in requirement, and its thickness deviation vertically is 0.20mm, laterally is 0.10mm, and such thickness and precision can guarantee the strip shape quality of cold rolling strap.
(3) cold roughing, roll coil of strip cutting edge and process annealing first
The made-up belt that mills behind the face carries out cold roughing on the 4-roller cold rolling mill that Austria makes, it is thick to roll 2.5mm through 5 passages usually, carries out roll coil of strip cutting edge then.Cutting out first and removing 20-25mm width, the purpose of cutting edge is to cut hot-rolled billet not mill the side of face and the limit portion fine crack that roughing produces, and making roll coil of strip width is 610mm.Can avoid back road cold rolling generation limit portion's crackle and rolling broken belt like this, the also favourable later on rolling plate shape control and the raising of surface smoothness.
Process annealing first after the roughing is carried out in the bell jar stove.Protective atmosphere is arranged, the hot blast pump circulation in the annealing furnace.Like this, roll coil of strip quick heating, and the each point temperature is even in the stove, and the temperature difference is at ± 5 ℃.520 ℃ of process annealing temperature first are incubated 4.5 hours, and the roll coil of strip recrystallize after the annealing is complete, and plasticity has obtained recovery, and resistance to deformation declines to a great extent.
(4) roll in cold and process annealing for the second time
2.5mm the thick soft attitude made-up belt of annealing carries out rolling in cold again on four-high mill.Cold working rate is controlled between the 50-70%.Made-up belt after rolling carries out the process annealing second time again in the bell jar stove or in the air cushion furnace, purpose is to eliminate cold working hardening, recovers plasticity.Which kind of annealing device annealing adopts, and depends on finished product thickness, and when rolling finish rolling more promptly to the thickness of control end properties usually in once cold, the process annealing second time is carried out in employing in air cushion furnace.Purpose is to improve the finished surface quality, and because of the operation that has the pickling nylon brush to clean with water after the air cushion furnace annealing, and the bell jar furnace annealing does not have this operation.Air cushion furnace annealing can be eliminated the defectives such as the sticking bits in surface of the band that produces in the operation of rolling, thereby obtained higher surface quality.
(5) cold finish rolling, end properties control
Cold finish rolling is carried out at 12 roller finishing mills, and 12 roller finishing mills adopt full oil rolling, and the roll roughness is little, helps obtaining the little band of surfaceness; Its work roll diameter is little, and supporting roll is many and diameter is big, good rigidly, the control of favourable band plate shape and gauge.12 roller finishing mills have plate shape display instrument, and gauge control is fully by computer controlled automatic, so production board shape is good, and its planeness can reach ± 0.0025mm and thickness and precision is the highest about 30I.Thickness and precision can satisfy the requirement of used for lead frame copper strips fully.
Because being precipitation strength, product has the copper master alloy that cold working hardening is strengthened concurrently, precipitation strength leans on repeatedly rolling after annealing to reach the tiny and uniform purpose of precipitated phase, the cold working hardening reinforcement then will lean on the size of cold working rate to guarantee, we require to decide the size of its finished product cold working rate according to the difference of end properties.
(6) raising of finished surface quality
Electronic information industry copper strips requires the surface not have oil, the non-oxidation look, the visible aberration of no naked eyes, roughness below 0.20 μ m, easy soldering, good with the packaged material adaptation, plate shape is straight.If its harsh surface requirements can't be satisfied without special processing in rolling back at all.
The present invention removes in the ingot casting inner quality, made-up belt mills the face quality, and cold rolling work piece have been taked degasification, slagging-off, antiseized bits, anti-scratch on rolling, strengthen the filtration of rolling lubrication liquid, improve roll smooth finish, work piece adopt outside 1-2 the measure such as air cushion furnace pickling, carry out in air cushion furnace also after the finished product finish rolling that the continuous degreasing of band, pickling, nylon brush are cleaned with water, the processing of cleaning, passivation, oven dry.Through the copper strips that air cushion furnace is handled, the surface does not have oil, the color and luster homogeneous, and nondiscoloration is store in stable performance for a long time.Can satisfy of the harsh requirement of electronic information industry to copper strip surface quality.
(7) stretch bending is rectified finishing, improves the key of product plate shape planeness
Because it is a lot of to influence metal homogeneous deformation mobile factor when rolling, Tathagata blanket shape, metal temperature height, roll crown, roll draught, hydraulic bending roll size, the cooling when rolling and lubricated, front and back tension force and distortion heat all can make metal produce uneven distortion and flow.Thereby make band produce various waves, twisted phenomena.Band inside also has residualinternal stress to exist in addition.The band that has batches under big rolling tensile force, seems very straight, but coiling tension occurs once the lax wave that has.When having the copper strips of internal stress serious, cut open bar and promptly can produce twisted phenomena; When internal stress is slight, after user's punching out becomes lead frame, produce distortion, perk and can not with Chip Packaging.Therefore, the finished product strip also will adopt required measure except that should accomplishing the visible wave of the straight no naked eyes of plate shape as far as possible, its internal stress is fully discharged.The external method that generally adopts the continuous stretch-bending straightening of band improves the planeness of the plate shape of band.Rectify finishing through stretch bending straightening equipment stretch bending, original ND band wave of naked eyes can effectively be eliminated, plate shape under the oblique ray projection, the no concave-convex wave, the band that unloads behind the volume contacts with flat board, and is very closely connected.The roll coil of strip behind the aligning after fillet is cutd open in longitudinal shear, distortionless, perk phenomenon; User's punching out becomes distortionless equally, perk phenomenon behind the part, and its planeness is the same with the import copper strips, can reach I≤20.
(8) inspection after construction, finished product are sheared and the packing warehouse-in
Behind stretch-bending straightening, the unrelieved stress of band inside has obtained effective release, and band plate shape is straight, and its mechanical property has also obtained further improvement, and its tensile strength slightly descends, and plasticity slightly rises.
Finished product is after bar is cutd open in the sub-cut of band slitter, and physical and mechanical properties test is carried out in sampling, and carries out the dimensional precision of finished product by the full-time staff, and surface quality is checked on.Eligible packing warehouse-in is defectively then picked out.
Claims (5)
1. a framework, connector and packaged piece copper strips, its alloying element is iron, phosphorus and zinc, it is characterized in that each moiety according to the weight percent product:
Iron: 2.1-2.6%;
Phosphorus: 0.015-0.15%;
Zinc: 0.05--0.20%;
Copper: surplus.
2. the manufacture method of a framework, connector and packaged piece usefulness copper strips is characterized in that using material composition as claimed in claim 1, and its manufacturing step is:
A, ingredient inspection weighing and burden;
B, go into stove fusing;
C, commentaries on classics holding furnace;
D, sampling analysis;
E, semicontinuous casting;
F, ingot casting crop end;
G, ingot quality check;
H, walking-beam furnace heating;
I, hot rolling;
J, made-up belt mill face;
K, made-up belt quality test;
L, cold roughing;
M, cutting edge;
N, bell jar furnace annealing;
O, roll in cold;
P, air cushion furnace process annealing;
Q, 12 roller finish rolling;
R, air cushion furnace finished product clean;
S, stretch-bending straightening;
T, inspection after construction;
U, packing warehouse-in.
3. framework according to claim 2, connector and packaged piece is characterized in that with the manufacture method of copper strips iron and phosphorus must add in the mode of master alloy.
4. framework according to claim 3, connector and the packaged piece manufacture method of copper strips, the adding mode that it is characterized in that iron: the copper-iron master alloy piece that earlier iron is become 10% iron with copper, by adding copper-10% iron alloy ingot bar, make alloying constituent reach the requirement of regulation;
The adding mode of phosphorus: make the master alloy piece of copper-10% phosphorus earlier,, make alloying constituent reach the requirement of regulation by adding copper-10% phosphorus alloy ingot bar.
5. framework according to claim 2, connector and packaged piece is characterized in that with the manufacture method of copper strips this air cushion furnace finished product cleaning step further comprises: degreasing, annealing, pickling, cleaning, passivation, oven dry.
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CN114346600A (en) * | 2021-12-24 | 2022-04-15 | 安徽鑫科铜业有限公司 | Production process of lead frame copper strip for high-end manufacturing industry |
CN113981267A (en) * | 2021-12-28 | 2022-01-28 | 宁波兴业盛泰集团有限公司 | Copper alloy lead frame material |
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