Background technology
Organobentonite is used as food decolouring clearer, cosmetics additive, assistant for drilling petroleum well etc. owing to have good dispersiveness and emulsifying property, uses very extensive.In recent years, people utilize its absorption property and lipophilic-hydrophobic property, organobentonite is applied to environmental protection industry, handle organic waste water, improve bentonitic characterization of adsorption from the innovation aspect of organobentonite preparation and absorbing process route, owing to correctly handled the interaction relationship of absorbing process and novel organobentonite exploitation, the research that organobentonite is handled organic pollutant has obtained certain achievement.The domestic method that has more bibliographical information to use organobentonite to carry out decoloring dye waste water and handle organic pollutants such as phenol, aniline, p-NP.But, the characteristics of this technology are to utilize the adsorptive power of organobentonite self to remove pollutent, wherein the drawback of the maximum of Cun Zaiing is to need the long period just can reach adsorption equilibrium, need vigorous stirring, equipment and flow process complexity, therefore time-consuming power consumption, industrialized cost height also fails to be applied to the industrialization wastewater treatment at present.
At present, the common method that organobentonite is handled waste water be with synthetic dried organobentonite mill, behind mistake 100 mesh sieves, activate 1~2 hour down at 100~120 ℃, even with pending organic waste water thorough mixing, vibration 30min or longer, then solid, liquid is separated, obtains treated water for discharging.Actually operating shows that mainly there is following shortcoming in this method: (1) organobentonite need be milled into fine powder for a long time; (2) reach that to be adsorbed with the organic pollutants starting time longer, cause the operating time of handling waste water longer, time-consuming power consumption is very serious, can't be applied to environmental protection industry economically; (3) clearance of organic pollutant is also undesirable, to some hardly degraded organic substances, is difficult to reach emission standard.Patent No. ZL03116256.8, authorize publication number be CN1187272C, title be " microwave cooperating treating organic waste water with organic bentonite method " patent disclosure a kind of method that promotes organobentonite absorption, but the shortcoming of this method is its process need be boiled with waste water, utilize the waste water effect of acutely seething with excitement to mix wilkinite and waste water, waste big energy, the incompatibility production application.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide a kind of processing organic wastewater by employing ultrasonic wave and synergic organophilic bentonite method, this method can be handled organic waste water effectively in the shorter time.
The technical solution used in the present invention is: it is to be that 20~200 order organobentonites mix with organic waste water with particle diameter, its solid-liquid mass ratio is 1: 500~1: 5000, add then in the ultrasound reactor, applying frequency is 20kHz~120KHz, the ultrasonic wave of power 100W~1200W, vibration 10s~10min decolours and purifying treatment, carries out solid-liquid two again and is separated, and waste water is purified handles the back discharging.
Advantage of the present invention is:
(1) the purification of waste water treatment time shortens greatly.Handle by ultra-sonic oscillation, make organobentonite reach adsorption equilibrium rapidly to the organic pollutant in the waste water, to obtain higher pollutants removal rate than the short treatment time, realize that organic wastewater with difficult degradation thereby obtains efficient adsorption cleaning at short notice, reach emission standard.
(2) contaminant removal efficiency improves.As the processing to acidic bright red paint waste water, after ultra-sonic oscillation were handled certain hour, the organobentonite percent of decolourization that the modification of chloro-hexadecane yl pyridines obtains can reach more than 99%, and the clearance of conventional adsorption treatment only about 70%.
(3) operating procedure is easy.Use the ultrasonic wave effect to handle, the synthetic more coarse grained organobentonite that makes need not to pulverize, and adsorption process need not stir, and simplified operation technology enlarges the bentonite application prospect.
Below by embodiment and 5 embodiment the present invention is described in further detail.
Embodiment
After coarse grained organobentonite and pending organic waste water mixed after the present invention will synthesize, the high-frequency oscillation signal that sends by ultrasonic generator, convert the high frequency mechanical oscillation to by transverter and propagate into medium---in the waste water, ultrasonic wave in waste water density interphase to previous irradiation, make liquid-flow and produce ten hundreds of micro-bubbles.These bubbles form at the negative pressuren zone of ultrasonic wave longitudinal propagation, growth, and at the zone of positive pressure rapid closing, this being referred to as " cavitation " effect is that ultrasonic wave is peculiar, this mechanism of action is different from microwave radiation processing method of the prior art, in the process of this being referred to as " cavitation " effect, the bubble closure can form and surpass 1000 atmospheric instantaneous pressures, utilize ultransonic cavitation effect, the intensive shockwave and the high-speed jet that produce when bubble collapses can destroy solid-liquid, stagnant absciss layer on liquid/liquid and the gas/liquid interface, organobentonite is produced porphyrization, promote organobentonite Surface Renewal and multiphase system effectively to mix simultaneously, disperse or cohesion.In ultrasonic treatment unit, strengthen the bentonite removal effect with ultransonic cavitation effect, cut down the consumption of energy, reach high treatment effect within a short period of time.Obtain ideal organic pollutant removal rate by control bentonite consumption and ultra-sonic oscillation energy.
Consider the requirement of organic pollutant content and emission standard in the pending waste water, can reach different treatment effects by changing the bentonite consumption.The bentonite consumption is measurement index with organobentonite with pending wastewater quality ratio.Generally, take all factors into consideration and handle effect and process economy, organobentonite and pending wastewater quality can be between 1: 500~1: 5000 than scope, but the present invention is not limited to this level.
The adjusting of ultra-sonic oscillation energy can be passed through mounting ultrasonic power among the present invention, and the change ultrasonication time finishes; Or the built-in oscillation time, change ultrasonic power: also can change ultrasonic power and duration of oscillation simultaneously, to satisfy special application need.Ultrasonic power scope commonly used is between 100W~1200W, and frequency is 20kHz~120KHz, and the duration of oscillation scope is between 10s~10min usually.
The used organobentonite of the present invention need not to pulverize than coarse particles at synthetic back gained, can utilize the ultra-sonic dispersion function, according to the granular size proper extension sonic oscillation time, can reach higher removal efficient.Wilkinite after the processing and waste water mixture can be taked centrifugal or filter type reaches the solid-liquid separation purpose.For example, the waste water little to treatment capacity, that the organic contamination substrate concentration is lower, emission standard is strict can be with the rotating speed centrifugal 5~20min of the waste water after handling about with 4000r/min, and supernatant liquid can directly discharge.And the water yield is big, organic contamination substrate concentration height, need can take after oscillation treatment through the waste water of second-stage treatment mode such as plate and frame press filtration to reach the solid-liquid separation purpose.
The ultrasound reactor that the present invention uses is formed as ultrasonic generator, shake case and reaction chamber.Handle in the reaction chamber and be generally batch operation, can be used for the wastewater treatment occasion that hydraulic load is little, emission standard is higher, organic pollutant difficult degradation degree is high, can reach direct emission request by regulating the operating procedure condition; Add transmission medium (being generally water) in the reaction chamber, the waste water coil pipe is immersed in the transmission medium, waste water is accepted ultra-sonic oscillation by transmission medium and be can be used for continous way or semi continuous operation in pipeline, be applicable to that wastewater flow rate is big, the quantity-produced occasion, can handle the higher waste water of organic pollutant content, look the wastewater characteristics difference and can take directly to discharge or enter different process such as next stage treatment unit.Reactor pattern of the present invention is not limited to these two types.
Above-mentioned organic pollutant includes organism such as organic dye, phenol, aniline, p-NP.But the present invention is suitable for the organic pollutant of handling and is not limited to these kinds.According to on-the-spot waste water characteristic and emission request, manageable organic pollutant can also comprise many other kinds, for example, and polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, larger molecular organics, and other organic pollutant.
Embodiment 1
In shaking case, a ultrasound reactor carries out the acidic bright red paint waste water decoloring.Use cationic organobentonite, organic modifiers is the chloro-hexadecane yl pyridines, and acid scarlet concentration is 25mg/L in the waste water, and organobentonite is 1: 5000 with pending wastewater quality ratio, and organobentonite is crossed 20 mesh sieves.Ultrasonic power 100W, frequency 20kHz, behind the ultrasonication 10min, organobentonite and waste water mixture reach solid-liquid separation with centrifugal method, handle back water colorless clarification, and after measured, percent of decolourization is greater than 99%.
Embodiment 2
Carry out the acid blue dye waste water decoloring in a ultrasound reactor shakes case, acid blue dye concentration is 25mg/l in the waste water.Use the organobentonite of cetyl trimethylammonium bromide modification, organobentonite is 1: 500 with pending wastewater quality ratio, and organobentonite is crossed 200 mesh sieves.Ultrasonic power 1200W, frequency 20kHz behind the ultrasonication 10s, promptly carries out solid-liquid separation with centrifugal method with organobentonite and waste water mixture.After measured, percent of decolourization reaches 99%.
Embodiment 3
In shaking case, a ultrasound reactor carries out the acid yellow dye waste water decoloring, simultaneously as a comparison with constant temperature vibration decoloring method.Acid yellow dye concentration is 30mg/L in the waste water.Use dication type organobentonite, organic modifiers is chloro-hexadecane yl pyridines and tetramethylammonium bromide, and organobentonite is 1: 1000 with pending wastewater quality ratio, and organobentonite is crossed 50 mesh sieves.Ultrasonic power 1000W, frequency 40kHz, ultrasonication 10min, percent of decolourization are 97%.And the percent of decolourization of the organobentonite constant temperature of same consumption vibration 30min dye wastewater treatment using has only 34%.
Embodiment 4
In a ultrasound reactor shakes case, carry out wastewater containing phenol and handle, simultaneously as a comparison with constant temperature oscillation treatment method.Phenol in wastewater concentration is 25mg/L.The organobentonite that uses the cetyl trimethylammonium bromide modification to obtain is handled, and organobentonite is 1: 500 with pending wastewater quality ratio, and organobentonite is crossed 20 mesh sieves.Use organobentonite and waste water mixture after centrifugal method will be handled to carry out solid-liquid separation.Ultrasonic power 1200W, frequency 20kHz, ultrasonication 10s, clearance are 96%.And the percent of decolourization of the organobentonite constant temperature of same consumption vibration 30min processing phenolic waste water has only 42%.
Embodiment 5
Add transmission medium (water) in reactor, in the waste water coil pipe immersion water, add bentonite waste water continuously by coil pipe, accept the ultrasonic wave effect by transmission medium in pipeline, p-NP concentration is 50mg/L in the waste water.Employed organobentonite is a chloro-hexadecane yl pyridines modification gained.Organobentonite is crossed 50 mesh sieves, with the wastewater quality ratio be 1: 3000.Ultrasonic power 200W, frequency 120kHz, ultrasonication 10min.The centrifugal 5min of 5000r/min separates the solid-liquid two-phase then, and the supernatant liquid decolorizing effect is obvious, and after measured, the p-NP clearance is 85%.