Background technology
Agricultural chemicals is the human important means of production, and very important effect is being brought into play in the development of world agriculture.Pesticide original medicine, except that the minority volatility big with water in solvability big can directly use, the overwhelming majority must be processed into certain formulation, can use.And the adminicle of other except that pesticide active ingredient is generically and collectively referred to as auxiliary agent in the formulations of pesticide.Wetting powder, pulvis, missible oil and granule are called as the four big formulations of pesticide together in the past.Suspending agent is one of flourish in recent years novel form, and development at home and abroad is the novel form of domestic and international pesticide industry generally acknowledged " epoch-making " rapidly.Suspending agent is water insoluble solid agricultural chemicals or the dispersion of immiscible liquids agricultural chemicals in water or oil.It is to be dispersion medium with water, with former medicine, and the formulations of pesticide that auxiliary agent (wetting dispersing agent, thickener, stabilizing agent, PH adjust agent and defoamer etc.) makes through the wet method ultramicro grinding.This formulation has the advantage of wetting powder and missible oil concurrently, can evenly mix dispersion with arbitrary proportion with water, not influenced by water quality and water temperature, and is easy to use, is difficult for contaminated environment, is directly or to dilute the desirable formulation of spraying in the back.And the exploitation of this novel form, give the production and the application of the solid pesticide that is insoluble in water and organic solvent, started vast potential for future development, thus be studied, production and application units notice extensively and pay attention to that suspending agent has become very competitive novel form in the domestic and international pesticidal preparations.
Along with the development of pesticides new formulations such as suspending agent, it is supporting with it to require to develop corresponding adjuvants.Dispersant is a very important component in the suspending agent auxiliary agent, and dispersant can make the agricultural chemicals dilution stable efficiently, and helps to spray insecticide and evenly adhere at plant surface, and the performance drug effect is played key effect.If do not add dispersant or dispersant effect is undesirable, belong to agricultural chemicals particle in the suspending agent dispersion of unsteady dispersion under the effect of gravity and Van der Waals force, be easy to aggegation, even caking phenomenon takes place.The dispersant that can be used in the suspending agent can be divided three classes: inorganic dispersant, organic molecule dispersant and macromolecule dispersing agent.Macromolecule dispersing agent is a class polymeric dispersant efficiently, with the structure of inorganic dispersant and organic molecule dispersant similar part is arranged, but incomplete same, thereby gives its uniqueness and excellent dispersion properties.Why macromolecule dispersing agent has unique and excellent performance mainly based on electrostatic repulsion and sterically hindered double effect than inorganic dispersant and organic molecule dispersant, processes such as experience absorption, ionization and formation hydration shell.So in water, can firmly be adsorbed on former medicine particle surface after the dissolving, can ionization provide electrostatic repulsion and formation hydration shell to provide the dispersant of space steric effect the most effective simultaneously.At present, suspension agent and disperser develops towards HMW, and HMW dispersant has efficiently become insecticides adjuvant with fastest developing speed.Obtained a lot of effects abroad in the exploitation of suspension agent and disperser, many products are come out one after another, and domestic to lag far behind in this regard external, dependence on import almost, cost is higher.
Summary of the invention
The purpose of this invention is to provide that a kind of production cost is low, practical process, environment friendly and pollution-free and agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser that application performance is good and preparation method thereof.
The object of the present invention is achieved like this:
A kind of agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser efficiently, it is characterized in that it being the unsaturated macromers with long-chain (A) by mass ratio with being 50~95%, be 4~59% the unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivatives thereof monomer (B) that in water, can be ionized into carboxylic acid ion and be that other comonomer (C) that contains ethylene linkage of 1~46% causes the dispersant that copolymerization gets by mass ratio by mass ratio, wherein (A), (B), (C) total amount is 100% by mass, described unsaturated macromers (A) with long-chain comprising: the polyethylene glycol oxide acrylate, the polyethylene glycol oxide methacrylate, allyl alcohol polyethylene glycol oxide ether or allyl alcohol polyethylene glycol oxide propylene oxide ether, their molecular weight is 200-2000, they can be that a kind of unsaturated macromers (A) with long side chain uses separately, or two or more unsaturated macromers (A) with long side chain mix to use, and the molecular weight of the dispersant of gained is 5000-100000 after the polymerization.
Above-mentioned dispersant, described unsaturated macromers not end-blocking also can carry out termination process with the replacement of low-carbon alkyls such as methyl or ethyl with terminal hydrogen atom.
Above-mentioned dispersant, the described unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivatives thereof monomer (B) that can be ionized into carboxylic acid ion in water comprises: methacrylic acid, acrylic acid, maleic acid or maleic anhydride, they can be that a kind of unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivatives thereof monomer uses separately, and perhaps two or more unsaturated carboxylic acid or derivatives thereof monomer mixes use.
Above-mentioned dispersant, the described comonomer (C) that other contains ethylene linkage comprising: acrylate, methacrylate, vinyl aromatic compounds, vinyl ethers, vinyl esters, caprolactam, vinyl pyrrolidone or diisobutylene, can be to add wherein a kind of independent use when copolymerization, perhaps add two or more and mix use.
A kind of method for preparing above-mentioned agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser, it is to adopt solution polymerization process to make monomer polymerization under the radical initiator effect, and reaction temperature is 50~90 ℃, and preferred reaction temperature is 60~80 ℃.
Above-mentioned preparation method; the used initator of described monomer polymerization in solution is per-compound or azo-compound, as dibenzoyl peroxide, diacetyl peroxide, dioctanoyl peroxide, dilauroyl peroxide or azodiisobutyronitrile, ABVN etc.
Above-mentioned preparation method, used initiator amount is 0.1~10% of a monomer gross mass, preferably 0.2~5%.
Above-mentioned preparation method, radical polymerization mode are polymerisation in solution, and the medium of solution polymerization is acetone, butanone, toluene, methyl alcohol, ethanol equal solvent.
Above-mentioned preparation method, monomer (A) is preferably in the disposable adding of when beginning reaction, and monomer (B) and (C) can disposable adding when the reaction beginning also can add or adding in batches continuously in reaction beginning back, perhaps these methods is combined and carries out.
Above-mentioned preparation method, the agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser product that finally obtains can be the form of the aqueous solution, also can be the powder solid form after spray-dried.
Agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser of the present invention is a kind of polymer with comb shaped structure.Hydrocarbon key with certain-length on the main polymer chain links to each other, and connects the long side chain of the appropriate length that distributing and the strong polar groups such as carboxyl of energy ionization on the side chain.Above-mentioned dispersant relies on the anchoring group of self to be adsorbed in dispersed former medicine particle surface firmly in suspension system, forms electric double layer by means of self-ionization at former medicine particle surface and produces electrostatic repulsion and long side chain and stretch to that the formation solvated layer produces sterically hindered double effect and dispersed former medicine is scattered in the suspension media particle-stabilisedly in the water.Agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser of the present invention is applied in the suspending agent formula, under the less situation of consumption, just can reaches requirement.
Embodiment
Following examples will further be described invention, but the present invention are not produced any restriction.
Abbreviation below having used in an embodiment, wherein being abbreviated as of monomer (A):
MA-1: polyethylene glycol oxide methacrylate (wherein the oxirane adduct number is 20 moles);
MA-2:1 mol propylene alcohol earlier with 3 moles of expoxy propane additions again with 3 moles of ethylene oxide addition compound products;
MA-3:1 mol propylene alcohol and 40 moles of ethylene oxide addition compound products;
Monomer (B) is abbreviated as:
MB-1: acrylic acid;
MB-2: methacrylic acid;
MB-3: maleic anhydride;
Monomer (C) is abbreviated as:
MC-1: vinyl n-butyl ether;
MC-2: ethyl acrylate;
MC-3: vinyl acetate;
MC-4: styrene;
MC-5: vinyl pyrrolidone;
MC-6: diisobutylene;
Embodiment 1
In the four-hole boiling flask that agitator, dropping funel, thermometer and condenser pipe are housed, add 48.3gMA-1 and 35.9g butanone, stirring is warming up to 60 ℃, drip the monomer solution mixed 8.6g MB-2,5g MC-1,13.6g butanone then simultaneously and mixed the initiator solution of 0.62g azodiisobutyronitrile, 12.4g butanone, the control dropping time, reaction temperature was at 58~62 ℃ in 2 hours.After monomer solution and initiator solution dropwise, be warming up to 80 ℃, insulation continues reaction 3h.After reaction finished, distillation butanone solvent limit, limit added the neutralization of the 30%NaOH aqueous solution.After treating the butanone Ex-all, the solution pH value is about 7, promptly obtains agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser DP-1 of the present invention.
Embodiment 2
In the four-hole boiling flask that agitator, dropping funel, thermometer and condenser pipe are housed, add 30.6gMA-2 and 27g acetone, stirring is warming up to 60 ℃, drip the monomer solution mixed 17.2g MB-2,10g MC-2,27.2g acetone then simultaneously and mixed the initiator solution of 0.18g azodiisobutyronitrile, 3.6g acetone, the control dropping time, reaction temperature was at 58~62 ℃ in 2 hours.After monomer solution and initiator solution dropwise, be warming up to 80 ℃, continue reaction 3h.After reaction finished, distillation acetone solvent limit, limit added the neutralization of the 30%NaOH aqueous solution.After treating the acetone Ex-all, the solution pH value is about 7, promptly obtains agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser DP-2 of the present invention.
Embodiment 3
In the four-hole boiling flask that agitator, dropping funel, thermometer and condenser pipe are housed, add 90.9gMA-3 and 49.9g butanone, stirring is warming up to 60 ℃, drip the monomer solution mixed 7.2g MB-1,4.3g MC-3,11.5g butanone then simultaneously and mixed the initiator solution of 2.05g dibenzoyl peroxide, 41g butanone, the control dropping time, reaction temperature was at 58~62 ℃ in 2 hours.After monomer solution and initiator solution dropwise, be warming up to 80 ℃, continue reaction 3h.After reaction finished, distillation butanone solvent limit, limit added the neutralization of the 30%NaOH aqueous solution.After treating the butanone Ex-all, the solution pH value is about 7, promptly obtains agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser DP-3 of the present invention.
Embodiment 4
In the four-hole boiling flask that agitator, dropping funel, thermometer and condenser pipe are housed, add 48.3gMA-1 and 29.3g butanone, stirring is warming up to 60 ℃, drip the monomer solution mixed 9.8g MB-3,5.2g MC-4,15g butanone then simultaneously and mixed the initiator solution of 0.95g dibenzoyl peroxide, 19g butanone, the control dropping time, reaction temperature was about 58~62 ℃ in 2 hours.After monomer solution and initiator solution dropwise, be warming up to 80 ℃, insulation continues reaction 3h.After reaction finished, distillation butanone solvent limit, limit added the neutralization of the 30%NaOH aqueous solution.After treating the butanone Ex-all, the solution pH value is about 7, promptly obtains agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser DP-4 of the present invention.
Embodiment 5
In the four-hole boiling flask that agitator, dropping funel, thermometer and condenser pipe are housed, add 30.6gMA-2 and 26.2g acetone, stirring is warming up to 60 ℃, drip the monomer solution mixed 14.4g MB-1,11.1g MC-5,9.4g acetone then simultaneously and mixed the initiator solution of 0.22g azodiisobutyronitrile, 4.4g acetone, the control dropping time, reaction temperature was at 58~62 ℃ in 2 hours.After monomer solution and initiator solution dropwise, be warming up to 80 ℃, continue reaction 3h.After reaction finished, distillation acetone solvent limit, limit added the neutralization of the 30%NaOH aqueous solution.After treating the acetone Ex-all, the solution pH value is about 7, promptly obtains agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser DP-5 of the present invention.
Embodiment 6
In the four-hole boiling flask that agitator, dropping funel, thermometer and condenser pipe are housed, add 90.9gMA-3 and 27.1g butanone, stirring is warming up to 60 ℃, drip the monomer solution mixed 9.8g MB-3,5.6g MC-6,15.4g butanone then simultaneously and mixed the initiator solution of 4.25g dibenzoyl peroxide, 85g butanone, the control dropping time, reaction temperature was at 58~62 ℃ in 2 hours.After monomer solution and initiator solution dropwise, be warming up to 80 ℃, continue reaction 3h.After reaction finished, distillation butanone solvent limit, limit added the neutralization of the 30%NaOH aqueous solution.After treating the butanone Ex-all, the solution pH value is about 7, promptly obtains agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser DP-6 of the present invention.
Embodiment 7
With agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser of the present invention is that dispersant component in the auxiliary agent has been prepared 48% imidacloprid suspending agent, and compares with similar products at home and abroad, contrast index and the results are shown in Table 1:
Can find out obviously that by table 1 when dispersant dosage of the present invention during only at 0.8%-1.5%, 48% imidacloprid suspending agent just has good dispersiveness, mobile and cold and hot storage stability.Even and similar products at home and abroad reaches at 5% o'clock at consumption, the dispersiveness of 48% imidacloprid suspending agent, mobile and cold and hot storage stability can not meet the demands simultaneously.More than explanation dispersing agent performance of the present invention has exceeded similar products at home and abroad.
Embodiment 8
With agricultural chemicals suspension agent and disperser of the present invention is that dispersant component in the auxiliary agent has been prepared 50% sulphur suspending agent, and compares with similar products at home and abroad, contrast index and the results are shown in Table 2:
Can find out obviously that by table 2 when dispersant dosage of the present invention during only at 1%-2%, 50% sulphur suspending agent just has good dispersiveness, mobile and cold and hot storage stability.Even and similar products at home and abroad reaches at 5% o'clock at consumption, the dispersiveness of 50% sulphur suspending agent, mobile and cold and hot storage stability can not meet the demands simultaneously.More than explanation dispersing agent performance of the present invention has exceeded similar products at home and abroad.
The performance evaluation result of the different dispersants of table 1 in 48% imidacloprid suspending agent
The performance evaluation result of the different dispersants of table 2 in 50% sulphur suspending agent