CN101131268B

CN101131268B - Sea water icing machine making use of fishing boat diesel engine vent gas

Info

Publication number: CN101131268B
Application number: CN2007100530440A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 张绰
Original assignee: WUHAN YUNHE DINGYU REFRIGERATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Current assignee: WUHAN YUNHE DINGYU REFRIGERATION TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
Priority date: 2007-08-27
Filing date: 2007-08-27
Publication date: 2010-12-22
Anticipated expiration: 2027-08-27
Also published as: CN101131268A

Abstract

This invention relates to sea water ice machine which makes use of diesel engine waste gas of fishing vessel. It includes generator, check valve unit, condenser, liquid storage tank, throttling valve, sea water ice output device, evaporator, PLC programmable controller, waste gas input sequencing valve unit and cooling water input sequencing valve unit. The refrigerant outlet of each generator connects to check valve unit, condenser, liquid storage tank, throttling valve and evaporator. At last it returns back to the refrigerant inlet of each generator through check valve unit. The PLC programmable controller connects to waste gas input sequencing valve unit and cooling water input sequencing valve unit. The waste gas input sequencing valve unit and cooling water input sequencing valve unit connects to each generator respectively. Cooling water forms loop with each generator through cooling water input sequencing valve unit. Water gas input pipe forms loop with each generator through waste gas input sequencing valve unit. This invention can fulfill continuous refrigeration and make refrigerating temperature -25--30deg.C to increase preserving quality of aquatic products.

Description

Utilize the seawater ice maker of diesel engine of fishing vessel tail gas

Technical field

The present invention relates to refrigeration system, be specifically related to utilize the seawater ice maker of diesel engine of fishing vessel tail gas, wherein come absorption refrigeration with 4 generators.

Background technology

People's utility model patents such as Li Dingyu " seagoing fishing vessel diesel engine vent gas ice machine " (patent No. 99232616.8) are utilization " dual-generator adsorption refrigerating system " basic principles, adopt the absorption refrigeration fishing boat ice machine of " mechanical cigarette plate valve " tail gas switching mechanism.Theoretical calculating with practice proves that all this fishing boat ice maker refrigerating amount is less, and the refrigeration degree of depth is more shallow, can not reach below-20 ℃, can not realize the seawater ice making, does not more reach enough ice-making capacities, can not satisfy seagoing fishing vessel and fish for fresh-keeping requirement.And " dual-generator adsorption refrigerating system " can not be realized freezing continuously and stably, can only realize intermittent refrigeration, therefore, is not suitable for the fishing boat ice making.In addition, the complex structure of " mechanical cigarette plate valve " tail gas switching mechanism, the machining accuracy height, difficulty of processing is big, manufacturing cost height consequently, job failure rate height, reliability is relatively poor, under the alternating action of high-temperature tail gas (about 400-500 ℃) and seawater, be easy to lose efficacy, become one of major obstacle of the normal operation of fishing boat ice machine.Above problem is the significant deficiency and the hidden danger of " seagoing fishing vessel diesel engine vent gas ice machine ", also is that this machine can not be gone into operation for the main cause of fisherman's use so far.

Summary of the invention

Purpose of the present invention is for the defective that overcomes above-mentioned prior art and exist and hidden danger, utilization " adsorptive refrigerating system with multiple generators " basic principle, design the seawater ice maker that utilizes diesel engine of fishing vessel tail gas with 4 generator absorption refrigerations, adopt program controller+dynamoelectric water valve+water seal arrangement " automatic control system implementation state switch; can realize-20--30 ℃ continous-stable refrigeration; and refrigerating capacity greatly improves; and switching mechanism is simple in structure; reliable operation; cost is lower, for power is the marine diesel of 200kw, utilize its tail gas refrigeration, the refrigeration degree of depth reaches below-25 ℃, and refrigerating capacity reaches more than the 10000kcal/h, makes the sea-water ice amount continuously and can reach 1-1.5T in 24 hours.Can satisfy seagoing fishing vessel and fish for fresh-keeping requirement.

Technical scheme of the present invention is:

Utilize the seawater ice maker of diesel engine of fishing vessel tail gas, comprise generator (1,2,3,4), check valve set (6,7), condenser 8, receiver 9, choke valve 10, sea-water ice output device 12 and include evaporimeter 11, PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45, tail gas input sequencing valve group 13, cooling water input sequencing valve group 14, described 4 generators (1,2,3,4) refrigerant outlet of each generator is communicated with the refrigerant inlet end of condenser 8 through check valve set 6 in, the refrigerant outlet end of condenser 8 is communicated with the inlet of receiver 9, and the inlet of the evaporimeter 11 of the port of export of receiver in choke valve 10 and sea-water ice output device 12 is communicated with, the refrigerant outlet end of evaporimeter 11 is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of generator separately respectively through check valve set 7, PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 is connected with cooling water input sequencing valve group 14 with tail gas input sequencing valve group 13 respectively, tail gas input sequencing valve group 13 and cooling water input sequencing valve group 14 respectively with 4 generators (1,2,3,4) connect, cooling water pipe is through cooling water input sequencing valve group 14 and each generator (1,2,3,4) connect into the loop, the tail gas input pipe is through tail gas input sequencing valve group 13 and each generator (1,2,3,4) connect into the loop.

Cooling water input sequencing valve group is made up of dynamoelectric water valve, 4 generators is arranged just to using 4 dynamoelectric water valves, and dynamoelectric water valve can adopt magnetic valve or electronic two station tee ball valves; Tail gas input sequencing valve group is made up of dynamoelectric water valve, 4 generators is arranged just to using 4 dynamoelectric water valves.

The shell body 26 of described generator is provided with tail gas and discharges conduit 19, the cold-producing medium ammonia enters conduit 32, water inlet pipe 27, be heat-insulation layer 25 between the inner housing 24 of generator and the shell body 26, the inner housing 24 usefulness dividing plates of generator are divided into generator inner housing 24 two parts of connection, water seal arrangement is placed on that part of of generator inner exhaust gas or combustion gas input channel, the metal tube unit is placed in generator another part, 1 or more than one metal tube in parallel unit 23 are installed in the inner housing, dress fin and adsorbent in the metal tube unit 23, there is the ventilative core pipe of up/down perforation at the fin center, the space is left in 23 outsides, metal tube unit, the upper end of ventilative core pipe is communicated with ammonia discrepancy conduit 32, shell body 26 bottom water inlet pipes 27 are communicated with inner housing 24, be communicated with overflow pipe 28 again, the tail gas input common excretory duct 29 on shell body top is positioned at the top of generator, divides conduit 36 to be communicated with generator through tail gas.

The present invention uses " adsorptive refrigerating system with multiple generators " basic principle, design the automatic control system of " program controller+dynamoelectric water valve+water seal arrangement " and implement the switching of generator duty, to generator (1,2,3,4) implementation procedure control makes 1 generator be in the heating desorption state as shown in Figure 1, all the other 3 generators are in the cooling adsorbed state, and switch continuously by setup program.Promptly in four generators (1,2,3,4), send control instruction by PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45, dynamoelectric water valve (41,42,43,44) implementation procedure is controlled as shown in Figure 2, made dynamoelectric water valve (41,42,43) be in into water state, make dynamoelectric water valve 44 be in hull-borne, see Fig. 1.And having two kinds of duties, dynamoelectric water valve sees Fig. 3.At this moment, the water seal arrangement (37,38,39) that dynamoelectric water valve (41,42,43) is corresponding has sealed corresponding tail gas input and has divided conduit (33,34,35), makes corresponding generator (1,2,3) be full of cooling water and be in the cooling adsorbed state; Meanwhile, dynamoelectric water valve 44 has been arranged residual water, and water seal arrangement 40 is in opening state, has opened the tail gas input and has divided conduit 36, makes tail gas enter generator 4, thereby makes generator 4 be in the heating desorption state.After PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 sent switching command by setting-up time, dynamoelectric water valve 41 switched to hull-borne, and corresponding water seal arrangement 37 has been opened the tail gas input and divided conduit 33, makes tail gas enter generator 1, and generator 1 is in the heating desorption state; Meanwhile, dynamoelectric water valve 44 switches to into water state, and corresponding water seal arrangement 40 has sealed the tail gas input and divided conduit 36, and makes corresponding generator 4 be full of cooling water, enters the cooling adsorbed state.Because PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 sends switching command continuously with time parameter by setup program, each dynamoelectric water valve is switched continuously with time parameter by setup program, switching result, always have a dynamoelectric water valve to be in hull-borne, a corresponding generator is in the heating desorption state; Meanwhile always have three dynamoelectric water valves to be in into water state, corresponding three generators are in the cooling adsorbed state.Continuous switching like this, just can guarantee that generator carries out the adsorption and desorption of balance continuously and stably, thereby guarantee that cold-producing medium ammonia carries out kind of refrigeration cycle continuously and stably, and then realize freezing continuously and stably, the refrigeration degree of depth can reach below-25 ℃, and refrigerating capacity is decided by factors such as the temperature, pressure, time of adsorption and desorption, also depends on the composition of adsorbent, device, and the multiple factors such as structural parameters of generator.These correlative factors are optimized, just can obtain big refrigerating capacity.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a seawater ice maker switching mechanism structural representation of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a structure connection diagram of the present invention.

Fig. 3 a is single dynamoelectric water valve water inlet state diagram.

Fig. 3 b is single dynamoelectric water valve hull-borne figure.

Fig. 4 is program control state schematic diagram when 4 dynamoelectric water valves are worked among the present invention.

Fig. 5 is in the structural representation of heating desorption state for separate unit generator among the present invention.

Among the figure: 1,2,3,4---generator, 6,7---check valve set, 8---condenser, 9---receiver, 10---choke valve, 11---evaporimeter, 12---the sea-water ice output device, 13---tail gas input sequencing valve group, 14---cooling water input sequencing valve group, 15---the tail gas input, 16---tail gas is discharged, 17---the cooling water input, 18---the cooling water overflow, 19---tail gas is discharged conduit, and 23---the metal tube unit, 24---inner housing, 25---heat-insulation layer, 26---shell body, 27---water inlet pipe, 28---overflow pipe, 29---tail gas input common excretory duct, 30---absorption enters ammonia, 31---desorb output ammonia, 32---ammonia discrepancy conduit, 33,34,35,36---the tail gas input divides conduit, 37,38,39,40---water seal arrangement, 41,42,43,44---dynamoelectric water valve, 45---the PLC Programmable Logic Controller, 46---residual water is discharged.

The specific embodiment

The invention will be further described below in conjunction with accompanying drawing.

As shown in Figure 2, the present invention includes in generator (1,2,3,4), condenser 8, receiver 9 and the sea-water ice output device 12 and comprise evaporimeter 11, also have generator heat supply water supply installation and automaton simultaneously.Its design feature is: described tail gas ice machine is established 4 generators (1,2,3,4), each generator refrigerant gas conduit is communicated with the refrigerant inlet end of condenser 8 through check valve set 6, and the liquid outlet of receiver is communicated with through the entrance point of choke valve 10 with evaporimeter 11, the refrigerant outlet end of evaporimeter 11 is through the same respectively generator (1,2,3 of check valve set 7,4) described coolant conduits is communicated with, PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 is connected with cooling water input sequencing valve group 14 with tail gas input sequencing valve group 13 respectively, tail gas input sequencing valve group 13 and cooling water import sequencing valve group 14 respectively with 4 generators (1,2,3,4) connect, cooling water pipe is through cooling water input sequencing valve group 14 and each generator (1,2,3,4) connect into the loop, the tail gas input pipe is through tail gas input sequencing valve group 13 and each generator (1,2,3,4) connect into the loop.Described connection adopts conventional communicating pipe to realize.Described generator (1,2,3,4) is meant that 4 duties are independent and requires by setup program to carry out the generator that duty is switched, and the separate unit generator can just be made up of the metal tube unit one or more generator units.As shown in Figure 1, by PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 and dynamoelectric water valve (41,42,43,44) constitute cooling water input sequencing valve group 14, by PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 and dynamoelectric water valve (41,42,43,44) and water seal arrangement (37,38,39,40) constitute tail gas input sequencing valve group 13.PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 sends instruction with time parameter by setup program, make dynamoelectric water valve 44 be in hull-borne, all the other 3 dynamoelectric water valves (41,42,43) be in into water state, see Fig. 4, the dynamoelectric water valve 44 pairing generators 4 of hull-borne are discharged residual cooling water 46, corresponding water seal arrangement 40 is opened the tail gas input and is divided conduit 36, makes tail gas enter generator 4, and generator 4 is in the heating desorption state; Meanwhile, be full of cooling water in all the other 3 generators, corresponding 3 water seal arrangements (37,38,39) have sealed the tail gas input and have divided conduit (33,34,35), make tail gas can not enter generator (1,2,3), and generator (1,2,3) is in the cooling adsorbed state.Along with PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 sends instruction continuously, all have the duty of two generators to switch: the generator 1 that before has been in the cooling adsorbed state switches to the cooling adsorbed state, and the generator 4 that before has been in the heating desorption state switches to the cooling adsorbed state at every turn.Each switching result remains and has only 1 generator to be in the heating desorption state.All the other 3 generators are in the cooling adsorbed state.PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 sends switching command continuously, and generator (1,2,3,4) is implemented to switch by instruction, guarantees the continuity and stability of absorption refrigeration.

The present invention uses " adsorptive refrigerating system with multiple generators " basic principle, the switching automatic control system of designing 4 generator absorption refrigeration diesel engine of fishing vessel tail gas seawater ice makers and being made of " program controller+dynamoelectric water valve+water seal arrangement " is to generator (1,2,3,4) duty is implemented control and is switched.As seen PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 and dynamoelectric water valve (41 among Fig. 1,42,43,44) and water seal arrangement (37,38,39,40) programme-control and the executing agency that constitutes jointly is with functional requirement specific control and the executing agency of tail gas input sequencing valve group 13 among Fig. 2 with cooling water input sequencing valve group 14.Exhaust temperature 400-500 ℃, tail gas and seawater all are strong corrosive mediums, this mechanism fundamentally solved the sequencing valve group must high temperature resistant, corrosion resistant problem and open after must guarantee that tail gas or cooling water are unblocked, must a non-leakage traditional difficult problem after the sealing.This mechanism also has simple in structure, reliable operation, and cost is lower, the characteristics that automaticity is high.4 generators among the present invention are external-heat shell generator common in the absorption refrigeration.The core devices of sequencing valve group is the PLC Programmable Logic Controller, dynamoelectric water valve and water seal arrangement, and its operation principle is reliable, and the source of goods is abundant, and processing capacity is little, and cost is lower.

As known from the above, the present invention is a kind of 4 generator absorption refrigeration diesel engine of fishing vessel tail gas seawater ice makers, and this function realizes real continous-stable refrigeration, the refrigeration degree of depth can reach-and 25--30 ℃.

Embodiment: a kind of 4 generator absorption refrigerations of 10000kcal/h diesel engine of fishing vessel tail gas seawater ice maker that goes out by Fig. 1 and said system structural design, it comprises condenser, receiver is a liquid ammonia storage tank herein, the sea-water ice output device includes evaporimeter and generator, wherein the sea-water ice output device includes evaporimeter, condenser, choke valve, ripe seriation commodity on the existing market of parts such as liquid ammonia storage tank, specifically to choose by embodiment, will buy the PLC Programmable Logic Controller, magnetic valve, the generator of conduit and the band water seal arrangement that designs voluntarily connects assembling and just becomes.

Referring to Fig. 1, Fig. 2 and Fig. 5, the described generator (1 of the band water seal arrangement of design voluntarily, 2,3,4) structure is: the shell body 26 of generator is provided with discharges conduit 19, the cold-producing medium ammonia enters conduit 32, water inlet pipe 27, be heat-insulation layer 25 between the inner housing 24 of generator and the shell body 26, the inner housing 24 usefulness dividing plates of generator are divided into generator inner housing 24 two parts of connection, water seal arrangement is a water sealing float bowl, water sealing float bowl is placed on that part of of generator inner exhaust gas or combustion gas input channel, the metal tube unit is placed in generator another part, 4 the more than one metal tube of parallel connection unit 23 are installed in the inner housing, a plurality of metal tubes unit constitutes the pipe group, dress fin and adsorbent in the metal tube unit 23, there is the ventilative core pipe of up/down perforation at the fin center, the space is left in 23 outsides, metal tube unit, enter 30 passage as output 31 of cold-producing medium ammonia and ammonia, the upper end of ventilative core pipe is communicated with ammonia discrepancy conduit 32, shell body 26 bottom water inlet pipes 27 are communicated with inner housing 24, be communicated with overflow pipe 28 again, form the cooling water access way, and by PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 and the programme-control of dynamoelectric water valve common implementing to the cooling water input.The tail gas input common excretory duct 29 on shell body top is positioned at the top of generator (1,2,3,4), divides conduit 36 to be communicated with generator 4 through tail gas, forms the tail gas access way.

When dynamoelectric water valve just magnetic valve send input during cooling water at PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45, the tail gas input divides the water level in conduit and the generator to rise synchronously, water level rises, water sealing float bowl also rises, when water sealing float bowl rises to corresponding height, water sealing float bowl is just closed the tail gas input fully and is divided conduit, and tail gas can not enter this generator, makes generator be in the cooling adsorbed state; When dynamoelectric water valve just magnetic valve when PLC Programmable Logic Controller 45 sends the residual cooling water that emits in the generator, the tail gas input divides the water level in conduit and the generator to descend synchronously, water level descends, water sealing float bowl also descends, when water sealing float bowl drops to corresponding height, the tail gas input divides conduit to be unlocked, and tail gas divides conduit to enter generator through tail gas from the tail gas common excretory duct, makes generator be in the heating adsorbed state.

By generator (1,2,3,4)---check valve set 6---condenser 8---receiver 9---choke valve 10---sea-water ice output device 12 includes generator 11---check valve set 7, the passage that returns generator is the circulation canal of cold-producing medium ammonia, wherein condenser 8 and generator (1,2,3,4) all cool off with seawater.Seawater ice maker of the present invention is with the freezing ice making of seawater.

The present invention utilizes 200kw marine diesel tail gas to be the generator thermal source, and utilization " adsorptive refrigerating system with multiple generators " basic principle is freezed.The refrigeration degree of depth of this machine is-25--30 ℃, and refrigerating capacity is 10000-15000kcal/h, is applicable to the seawater ice making, system sea-water ice amount is 1-1.5T/24h.This machine maximum working pressure (MWP) is 1.35Mpa, with seawater as cooling water.The cold freon that does not adopt the infringement natural environment of this mechanism can satisfy the specific (special) requirements with the freezing ice making of seawater, and the quantity of made sea-water ice is all identical with the made sea-water ice of electronic ice machine with quality.Made sea-water ice can replace the go to sea traditional approach of fishing operation of since modern seagoing fishing vessel band fresh ice, improves catching rate greatly, reduces and fishes for cost, improves the fresh-keeping quality of aquatic products.Simultaneously, use this tail gas ice machine can not influence the power output of marine diesel, do not increase oil consumption, reach the purpose of energy savings, waste gas utilization, protection environment, raising preservation of fishery quality.So this tail gas ice machine is typical energy-conserving and environment-protective product.

Claims

1. utilize the seawater ice maker of diesel engine of fishing vessel tail gas, comprise four generators (1,2,3,4), check valve set (6,7), condenser (8), receiver (9), choke valve (10), the sea-water ice output device (12) that contains evaporimeter (11), PLC Programmable Logic Controller (45), tail gas input sequencing valve group (13), cooling water input sequencing valve group (14), it is characterized in that: described generator (1,2,3,4) refrigerant outlet of each generator is communicated with through the refrigerant inlet end of a check valve set (6) with condenser (8) in, the inlet of the same receiver of refrigerant outlet end (9) of condenser (8) is communicated with, and the inlet of the evaporimeter (11) of the port of export of receiver in choke valve (10) and sea-water ice output device (12) is communicated with, the refrigerant outlet end of evaporimeter (11) is communicated with the refrigerant inlet of generator separately respectively through another check valve set (7), PLC Programmable Logic Controller (45) is connected with cooling water input sequencing valve group (14) with tail gas input sequencing valve group (13) respectively, tail gas input sequencing valve group (13) and cooling water import sequencing valve group (14) respectively with 4 generators (1,2,3,4) connect, cooling water pipe is through cooling water input sequencing valve group (14) and each generator (1,2,3,4) connect into the loop, the tail gas input pipe is through tail gas input sequencing valve group (13) and each generator (1,2,3,4) connect into the loop; The shell body of described generator (26) is provided with tail gas and discharges conduit (19), cold-producing medium ammonia discrepancy conduit (32), water inlet pipe (27), be heat-insulation layer (25) between inner housing of generator (24) and the shell body (26), the inner housing of generator (24) is divided into generator inner housing (24) with dividing plate two parts of connection, water seal arrangement is placed on that part of of generator inner exhaust gas input channel, the metal tube unit is placed on described in the generator in the another part in two parts, 1 or more than one described metal tube unit (23) in parallel are installed in the inner housing, dress fin and adsorbent in the described metal tube unit (23), there is the ventilative core pipe of up/down perforation at the fin center, the upper end of ventilative core pipe is communicated with ammonia discrepancy conduit (32), the described water inlet pipe (27) of shell body (26) bottom is communicated with inner housing (24), be communicated with overflow pipe (28) again, the tail gas input common excretory duct (29) on shell body top is positioned at the top of generator, divides conduit (36) to be communicated with generator through tail gas.