CN101131061B - Hand window latch - Google Patents
Hand window latch Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101131061B CN101131061B CN2006100303781A CN200610030378A CN101131061B CN 101131061 B CN101131061 B CN 101131061B CN 2006100303781 A CN2006100303781 A CN 2006100303781A CN 200610030378 A CN200610030378 A CN 200610030378A CN 101131061 B CN101131061 B CN 101131061B
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- gear
- worm
- base
- cover plate
- worm screw
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Active
Links
Images
Abstract
One hand driven window opener includes one pedestal, one cranking bar, one worm, one gear arm with worm gear in the end and one gear arm fixing shaft. The pedestal includes one installation unit and one acting unit, and the acting unit has one end with one inclined slot for holding the worm, the other end connected to the cranking bar and bottom with one hole for fixing the gear arm. The gear arm has worm gear meshed to the worm and is fixed in the gear arm fixing hole through the gear arm fixing shaft. The window opener includes also one turnable cover plate on one side of the pedestal and one rotating mechanism for connecting the cranking bar and the worm.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of hand window latch.
Background technology
At present be provided with a kind of outward opening window construction in the building construction, the unlatching of this window, close, location structure has following several kinds of forms:
The one, a kind of keying detent mechanism of plastic-steel window is provided with handle and snap close in window frame, is connected guide rail at window with being provided with between the frame outside window.During unlatching, the pulling handle outwards moves, and connects the collapsible location of guide rail; When closing, pull handle, snap close is fixed with sash lock, and this keying detent mechanism complex structure only is applicable to specific section bar.
The 2nd, the keying detent mechanism on a kind of steel sash is provided with handle on window frame, and the end of handle is provided with groove, and positioning strip is housed on the jamb, is interval with a plurality of holes on the positioning strip, and windowsill is provided with reference column.When windowing, through regulate on the positioning strip each hole, make window open required angle, and the location; When closing, pull handle, its groove is clamped on outside the margin frame of steel window, and sash lock is tight.The defective of this structure is that the adjusting opening angle can not be random, and steel sash year, positioning strip of a specified duration was prone to get rusty, and handle is pulled dumb, the tight blow-by of sash lock.
For this reason, Chinese notification number is that the utility model patent of CN2519844Y discloses a kind of hand window latch, sees also Fig. 1, and it comprises base 1, loam cake 3, transmission mechanism 2 and crank 4.A side is provided with oblique groove 12 in the base 1, and loam cake 3 cover caps are on base 1, and its inner face is provided with the inclined hole 31 corresponding with the oblique groove of base 12, is provided with a pair of axle bed 11 between base and loam cake.Transmission mechanism 2 comprises worm gear 23, worm screw 24, push-pull arm 22, connecting axle 21.Worm gear 23 is an angular gear, and its center is provided with axis hole 231; Worm screw 24 bottoms are provided with the spirality teeth, the helical teeth tooth engagement of these teeth and worm gear 23; Worm screw 24 is located in 3 inclined holes 31 of loam cake, and the bottom is against in the oblique groove 12 of base; One end and the worm gear 23 of push-pull arm 22 are affixed, on it and be provided with the fixing hole 221 corresponding with the axis hole of worm gear 231, are rotatably mounted between the axle bed 11 of loam cake and base through the end of connecting axle 21 with worm gear 23 and push-pull arm 22; Crank 4 can shirk the top, outer end that is located at worm screw 24.When shaking crank 4, drive worm screw 24 and rotate with worm gear 23, drive push-pull arm 22 and move, reach switch window purpose.
That this hand window latch has is laborsaving, flexible, lock reliable advantage, but it has several defectives simultaneously:
1. the same with all hand window latchs of on market, selling for many years, in use, the crank position is too outstanding, can have influence on the closure of curtain, and outside crank is exposed to worm transmission structure, both suffers damage easily, influences attractive in appearance again;
2. the push-pull arm of window opener teetertotters in the groove the inside,, influence the engagement of worm gear and worm screw, shortened application life;
3. the push-pull arm of window opener fixes through base and loam cake formation cavity, and intensity is low, and sealing is poor, easily infiltration.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is for solving crank and expose with too outstanding, worm gear and the worm screw life-span is short and window opener intensity is low, the problem of sealing difference and a kind of hand window latch is provided.
The present invention solves the problems of the technologies described above the technical scheme that adopts to provide a kind of hand window latch, comprises that base, crank, worm screw, end have the gear arm and the gear arm fixed axis of worm gear; Base comprises installation portion and the operating member that is connected as a single entity, and installation portion is provided with and the fixing installing hole of forms, and operating member one end is provided with skewed slot, and worm screw is placed in the skewed slot, and the upper end is connected with crank, and the operating member bottom is provided with gear arm fixing hole; The worm gear of gear arm is inserted in the operating member and worm engaging, and this worm gear has centre bore, fixes through gear arm fixed axis and gear arm fixing hole; Be characterized in:
Said operating member have one can ccontaining gear arm the cavity of worm gear, cavity is provided with notch at operating member and installation portion adjacent, the worm gear of gear arm end is inserted in this cavity through this notch;
Said gear arm fixed axis is made up of bolt, and said bolt comprises lug boss, fixed part and the spiro union portion that diameter increases successively; Spiro union portion is provided with external screw thread, and spiro union portion and fixed part junction form lower convex platform, and fixed part and lug boss junction form convex platform; Bolt is locked in the gear arm fixing hole, and the cavity top of base is supported on its convex platform top, and its fixed part wears in the worm gear centre bore, and the limit of the worm gear centre bore of gear arm is supported on its lower convex platform top;
Also comprise a cover plate and a rotating mechanism, turning base one side of being located at of said cover plate, said rotating mechanism comprises the pin of the prong with holes of being located at the crank shank, the connecting hole of being located at the worm screw upper end and connection prong and worm screw upper end; Said crank is deployable to be horizontally-arranged on the base to drive the worm screw rotation, perhaps to fold, and cover plate can be covered with base, covers crank and worm screw.
Described hand window latch, wherein, described base is an one-step die casting, has good sealing property.
Described hand window latch, wherein, but the syndeton of said cover plate and base is a detaching structure, is convenient to interim the installation and replacing, the user can select different colours according to hobby.
Described hand window latch, wherein, the syndeton of cover plate and base can be: base one side is provided with a cover plate brace table, and the brace table two ends are provided with the semicircle orifice of two indents; The both sides of the inner side of cover plate are provided with two outstanding bracing frames, and each bracing frame is provided with an outside outstanding semi-round ball, can embed in the semicircle orifice on the brace table, and making cover plate serves as that axle rotates with two semicircle orifices.Support frame as described above is made by elastomeric material, is beneficial to dismounting.
Described hand window latch; Wherein, Said gear arm comprises small gear and the big worm gear with push-pull arm, and in the tooth portion of big worm gear and the cavity that small gear is inserted operating member, small gear is fixed through the fixing hole of gear arm fixed axis and base; And with said worm screw interlock, big worm gear meshes with small gear.
Described hand window latch; Wherein, said worm screw comprises connector and has the following footpath section of oblique screw thread that connector forms the ring-type shoulder with the junction of following footpath section; Worm screw is fixed on operating member one end of base through placing ring-type shoulder one a worm screw set bolt and a spring leaf.
The remarkable advantage that hand window latch of the present invention is compared prior art is:
1. through reducing the height of crank, and utilize cover plate to cover crank and worm screw, solved the defective that the crank that always exists in the hand window latch in the past is outstanding and expose;
2. regulate the engagement of worm and wheel through adjustable bolt, prolong the application life of part.
3. integrated base has strengthened the intensity and the sealing performance of window opener greatly.
Description of drawings
Further specify feature and advantage of the present invention below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing and the specific embodiment, wherein:
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of existing a kind of hand window latch;
Fig. 2 is the exploded perspective view of hand window latch of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the cover plate mounting structure sketch map of hand window latch of the present invention; Wherein Fig. 3 A is a base support platform structural representation, and Fig. 3 B is the support frame structure sketch map of cover plate;
Fig. 4 is the worm structure sketch map of hand window latch of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is that the crank of hand window latch of the present invention is connected sketch map with worm screw;
Fig. 6 A is the schematic perspective view of an angle of gear arm set bolt of hand window latch of the present invention, and Fig. 6 B is the schematic perspective view of another angle of gear arm set bolt;
Fig. 7 is the gear arm set bolt scheme of installation of hand window latch of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the overall structure sketch map of hand window latch of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 8 A is a cover plate opening sketch map, and Fig. 8 B is a cover plate closed condition sketch map.
The specific embodiment
Fig. 2 illustrates the exploded perspective view of hand window latch of the present invention.See also shown in Figure 2ly, hand window latch of the present invention comprises base 10, rotate the shaped form cover plate 20 be located at base 10 1 sides, be located at the worm screw 30 on the base 10, the crank 40 that is connected with worm screw 30, by the gear arm 50 of worm screw 30 drives and the gear arm set bolt 60 that is used for fixing gear arm 50.
Please still consult Fig. 2; Base 10 is made up of installation portion 10a that fuses and operating member 10b; Installation portion is provided with and is used for and the fixing installing hole 100 of forms; Have a cavity 101 that is used for the worm gear of ccontaining gear arm on the operating member 10b, the notch of this cavity 101 is located at operating member 10b and installation portion 10a adjacent.Operating member 10b bottom is provided with a fixing hole 102; In one embodiment, can be provided with internal thread 107 (Fig. 7) in the fixing hole 102, base rear portion one end be provided with one be used to connect worm screw 30 skewed slot 103; Skewed slot 103 is obliquely installed; To reduce the height of worm screw 30, the base rear portion other end is provided with a crank handle groove 104, more can reduce the horizontally-arranged height of crank 40.In one embodiment, base 10 adopts one-step die casting, both can increase the force intensity that receives of window opener, reduces the weight of product simultaneously effectively.The cavity 101 of moulding on base 10 can bear very high hydraulic pressure, and sealing is fine.
Fig. 3 is the cover plate mounting structure sketch map of hand window latch of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 3 A is a base support platform structural representation, and Fig. 3 B is the support frame structure sketch map of cover plate.Please cooperate and consult Fig. 3; At the trailing edge of base 10, also be provided with a brace table 105 that is used to install cover plate 20, brace table 105 two ends are provided with the semicircle orifice 106 of two indents; The both sides of cover plate 20 inner side are provided with two outstanding bracing frames 201; Each bracing frame 201 is provided with an outside outstanding semi-round ball 202, can embed in the semicircle orifice 106 on the brace table 105, and making cover plate 20 serves as that axle rotates with two semicircle orifices 106.On base 10, open or close.Bracing frame 201 is preferably made by elastomeric material, so that can after window opener is assemblied on the window, cover plate 20 be pushed on the base 10 again.In addition, flexible supporting frames 201 makes cover plate 20 be convenient to unload and change.In the present embodiment, the syndeton of cover plate 20 and base 10 is merely for example, is not construed as limiting, and cover plate 20 still can adopt the structure of many routines to be connected with base 10, for example utilizes a drive-connecting shaft to connect.
Fig. 4 is the worm structure sketch map of hand window latch of the present invention.Please combine Fig. 4 to consult Fig. 2, worm screw 30 comprises following footpath section 301 with oblique screw thread 302 and the connector 303 that is connected in down on the footpath section 301.Following footpath section 301 is inserted in the skewed slot 103 of base 10, is used for worm gear 501 interlocks with gear arm 50.Connector 303 is provided with connecting hole 304, is used for being connected with crank 40.Connector 303 is a ring-type shoulder 305 with the junction of following footpath section 301, during installation worm 30, on ring-type shoulder 305, places a worm screw set bolt 306 and a spring leaf 307, worm screw 30 is fixed on the skewed slot 103 of base 10.
Fig. 5 is that the crank of hand window latch of the present invention is connected sketch map with worm screw.Please combine Fig. 5 to consult Fig. 2; Crank 40 comprises crank handle 401 and crank body 402; Crank handle 401 is fixed on the afterbody of crank body 402 through pin 403; Crank body 402 heads are provided with a prong 404, and this prong 404 is connected with the connector 303 of worm screw 30 through pin 405, can drive worm screw 30 rotations.Should be by the rotating mechanism of prong 404, connecting hole 304 and pin 405, making crank 40 is that fulcrum swings up and down with connector 303, launches or folds; When crank 40 folds; Horizontally-arranged on base 10, crank handle 401 is placed in the crank handle groove 104 of base 10, effectively reduce the height of crank 40; Like this, cover plate 20 just can cover easily on base 10 (Fig. 8 B).
Fig. 6 A is the schematic perspective view of an angle of gear arm set bolt of hand window latch of the present invention, and Fig. 6 B is the schematic perspective view of another angle of gear arm set bolt, and Fig. 7 is the gear arm set bolt scheme of installation of hand window latch of the present invention.Please combine to consult Fig. 6 A, Fig. 6 B and Fig. 7, gear arm set bolt 60 comprises lug boss 601, fixed part 603 and the spiro union portion 605 that diameter increases successively.Spiro union portion 605 is provided with external screw thread 606, and spiro union portion 605 bottoms are provided with screw tool bore 607; Fixed part 603 and lug boss 601 junctions form the convex platform 602 of ring-type, and spiro union portion 605 and fixed part 603 junctions form the lower convex platform 604 of ring-type.During installation; Bolt 60 gets into fixing hole 102 from the bottom of base 10, and the top of the cavity 101 of base 10 is supported on its convex platform 602 tops, and fixed part 603 is located in the small gear centre bore 503; The limit of small gear centre bore is supported on its lower convex platform 604 tops, and the fixing hole 102 of spiro union portion and base 10 screws togather.A screw tool bore 607 through bolt 60 bottoms can adjusting gear arm 50 the lengthwise position of small gear 501 in cavity 101; Prevent gear arm 50 from vertically rocking and influence the interlock of small gear 501 and worm screw 30; The interlock that makes small gear 501 and worm screw 30 all the time in one plane, to prolong the application life of gear arm 50 and worm screw 30.
Fig. 8 illustrates the overall structure sketch map of hand window latch of the present invention, and wherein Fig. 8 A is a cover plate opening sketch map, and Fig. 8 B is a cover plate closed condition sketch map.When not using, crank 40 is horizontally-arranged in the base 10, and closes cover plate 20, and whole window opener is designed beautifully, and don't can give prominence to.
Above embodiment explanation is merely preferred embodiment explanation of the present invention, and those skilled in the art can make the replacement and the modification of other all equivalence according to the above embodiment of the present invention explanation.Yet these belong to invention spirit of the present invention and reach by in the claim that claim defined according to all equivalence replacements and modification that the embodiment of the invention is done.
Claims (7)
1. hand window latch comprises that base, crank, worm screw, end have the gear arm and the gear arm fixed axis of worm gear; Base comprises installation portion and the operating member that is connected as a single entity, and installation portion is provided with and the fixing installing hole of forms, and operating member one end is provided with skewed slot, and worm screw is placed in the skewed slot, and the upper end is connected with crank, and the operating member bottom is provided with gear arm fixing hole; The worm gear of gear arm is inserted in the operating member and worm engaging, and this worm gear has centre bore, fixes through gear arm fixed axis and gear arm fixing hole; It is characterized in that:
Said operating member have one can ccontaining gear arm the cavity of worm gear, cavity is provided with notch at operating member and installation portion adjacent, the worm gear of gear arm end is inserted in this cavity through this notch;
Said gear arm fixed axis is made up of bolt, and said bolt comprises lug boss, fixed part and the spiro union portion that diameter increases successively; Spiro union portion is provided with external screw thread, and spiro union portion and fixed part junction form lower convex platform, and fixed part and lug boss junction form convex platform; Bolt is locked in the gear arm fixing hole, and the cavity top of base is supported on its convex platform top, and its fixed part wears in the worm gear centre bore, and the limit of the worm gear centre bore of gear arm is supported on its lower convex platform top;
Also comprise a cover plate and a rotating mechanism, turning base one side of being located at of said cover plate, said rotating mechanism comprises the pin of the prong with holes of being located at the crank shank, the connecting hole of being located at the worm screw upper end and connection prong and worm screw upper end; Said crank is deployable to be horizontally-arranged on the base to drive the worm screw rotation, perhaps to fold, and cover plate can be covered with base, covers crank and worm screw.
2. hand window latch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, described base is an one-step die casting.
3. hand window latch as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, but the syndeton of said cover plate and base is a detaching structure.
4. like claim 1 or 3 described hand window latchs, it is characterized in that the syndeton of said cover plate and base is: base one side is provided with a cover plate brace table, and the brace table two ends are provided with the semicircle orifice of two indents; The both sides of the inner side of cover plate are provided with two outstanding bracing frames, and each bracing frame is provided with an outside outstanding semi-round ball, can embed in the semicircle orifice on the brace table, and making cover plate serves as that axle rotates with two semicircle orifices.
5. hand window latch as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that support frame as described above is made by elastomeric material.
6. hand window latch as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said gear arm comprises small gear and the big worm gear with push-pull arm, and in the tooth portion of big worm gear and the cavity that small gear is inserted operating member, small gear is fixed through the fixing hole of gear arm fixed axis and base; And with said worm screw interlock, big worm gear meshes with small gear.
7. hand window latch as claimed in claim 1; It is characterized in that; Said worm screw (30) comprises connector (303) and has the following footpath section (301) of oblique screw thread; Connector (303) forms ring-type shoulder (305) with the junction of following footpath section (301), and worm screw (30) is fixed on operating member (10b) end of base (10) through placing ring-type shoulder (305) one worm screw set bolts (306) and a spring leaf (307).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006100303781A CN101131061B (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2006-08-25 | Hand window latch |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006100303781A CN101131061B (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2006-08-25 | Hand window latch |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101131061A CN101131061A (en) | 2008-02-27 |
| CN101131061B true CN101131061B (en) | 2012-01-11 |
Family
ID=39128455
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006100303781A Active CN101131061B (en) | 2006-08-25 | 2006-08-25 | Hand window latch |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN101131061B (en) |
Families Citing this family (12)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JP5225199B2 (en) * | 2009-02-12 | 2013-07-03 | 株式会社ニフコ | Rotating body assist mechanism |
| IT1395808B1 (en) | 2009-09-28 | 2012-10-26 | Gsg Int Spa | DOOR FIXED |
| CN102322196A (en) * | 2011-06-03 | 2012-01-18 | 徐州大亚自动装备有限公司 | Hidden type hand press |
| ITFI20130084A1 (en) | 2013-04-16 | 2014-10-17 | Fapim S P A | FIXED WITH A PURELY REVOLVING LEAF |
| CN103277497A (en) * | 2013-05-08 | 2013-09-04 | 宁波市佳利来机械制造有限公司 | Window lifter |
| CN104005631A (en) * | 2014-04-30 | 2014-08-27 | 安徽省家好家节能门窗有限公司 | Single-arm manual rocker arm device |
| US10900274B2 (en) | 2016-09-02 | 2021-01-26 | Pella Corporation | Anti-rattle elements for internal divider of glass assembly |
| US10676977B2 (en) | 2016-12-08 | 2020-06-09 | Pella Corporation | Sliding operator handle break |
| US11454055B2 (en) | 2017-01-20 | 2022-09-27 | Pella Corporation | Window opening control systems and methods |
| CN107401343A (en) * | 2017-09-12 | 2017-11-28 | 上海理工大学 | A kind of double-arm hand window latch |
| CA3060764C (en) | 2018-10-31 | 2022-08-23 | Pella Corporation | Slide operator for fenestration unit |
| CA3081316C (en) | 2019-05-24 | 2022-09-06 | Pella Corporation | Slide operator assemblies and components for fenestration units |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2610054A (en) * | 1950-07-21 | 1952-09-09 | Reynaud S Chester | Rotary operator for casement windows |
| US4937976A (en) * | 1989-09-22 | 1990-07-03 | Truth Incorporated | Window operator and hinge structure |
| US5467503A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1995-11-21 | Truth Hardware Corporation | Handle and cover assembly for a window operator |
| US5560082A (en) * | 1994-09-15 | 1996-10-01 | Truth Hardware Corporation | Folding window operator handle |
| US5802913A (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 1998-09-08 | Winner; Kurt W. | Window operator |
| US5937582A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1999-08-17 | Interlock Industries Limited | Rotary window operator |
-
2006
- 2006-08-25 CN CN2006100303781A patent/CN101131061B/en active Active
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US2610054A (en) * | 1950-07-21 | 1952-09-09 | Reynaud S Chester | Rotary operator for casement windows |
| US4937976A (en) * | 1989-09-22 | 1990-07-03 | Truth Incorporated | Window operator and hinge structure |
| US5467503A (en) * | 1992-05-13 | 1995-11-21 | Truth Hardware Corporation | Handle and cover assembly for a window operator |
| US5937582A (en) * | 1993-12-22 | 1999-08-17 | Interlock Industries Limited | Rotary window operator |
| US5560082A (en) * | 1994-09-15 | 1996-10-01 | Truth Hardware Corporation | Folding window operator handle |
| US5802913A (en) * | 1997-05-19 | 1998-09-08 | Winner; Kurt W. | Window operator |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| JP特开平11-223067A 1999.08.17 |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN101131061A (en) | 2008-02-27 |
Similar Documents
| Publication | Publication Date | Title |
|---|---|---|
| CN101131061B (en) | Hand window latch | |
| CN2550459Y (en) | Anti-prick lock for multiple door and window | |
| CN110847713A (en) | Manual-automatic integrated automatic lock-falling device | |
| CN203334869U (en) | Multifunctional window opening and closing device | |
| CN210033101U (en) | Inward-opening and inward-tilting window | |
| CN2822302Y (en) | Fully automatic umbrella | |
| CN113597175B (en) | Mobile communication terminal equipment with external multiple protection | |
| CN211692184U (en) | Annular shutter | |
| CN200980578Y (en) | Pressure cooker cover | |
| CN201176755Y (en) | Adjustable type telescoping panel lock | |
| CN211048942U (en) | Indoor design display platform convenient to move | |
| CN210828877U (en) | Sliding window capable of changing wind direction | |
| CN2602129Y (en) | Door and window use unidirectional lock | |
| CN209457768U (en) | A kind of novel anti-theft aluminum alloy doors and windows | |
| CN208089033U (en) | Extremely simple door and window lockset | |
| CN101915044A (en) | Translational positioning type manual window opener and window thereof | |
| CN213683833U (en) | Blade turning device of wooden shutter | |
| CN2278745Y (en) | Sliding door or window locking device | |
| CN213844709U (en) | Advertisement publicity column | |
| CN220013716U (en) | Vegetation bank protection soil and water conservation device | |
| CN220375234U (en) | Solvent supplementing device for table tennis production line | |
| CN214760647U (en) | Cover opening structure of electric cooker | |
| CN216520443U (en) | Mounting structure of LED display module and LED display screen | |
| CN213815304U (en) | Progress show board for construction management | |
| CN212429994U (en) | Pipe clamp for floor heating pipeline |
Legal Events
| Date | Code | Title | Description |
|---|---|---|---|
| C06 | Publication | ||
| PB01 | Publication | ||
| C10 | Entry into substantive examination | ||
| SE01 | Entry into force of request for substantive examination | ||
| C14 | Grant of patent or utility model | ||
| GR01 | Patent grant |