CN101127461A - Mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator - Google Patents
Mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator Download PDFInfo
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- CN101127461A CN101127461A CNA2007100251404A CN200710025140A CN101127461A CN 101127461 A CN101127461 A CN 101127461A CN A2007100251404 A CNA2007100251404 A CN A2007100251404A CN 200710025140 A CN200710025140 A CN 200710025140A CN 101127461 A CN101127461 A CN 101127461A
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Abstract
The utility model relates to a brushless direct current generator with hybrid excitation double salient, belonging to double salient motor, which comprises a stator and a rotor, wherein, the stator is composed of a stator core (1), a permanent magnet (2), a magnetizing coil (3) and the armature windings (4),(5),(6); the rotor comprises a rotating shaft (6), a rotor core (7); the yoke of the stator is provided with more than two groups of permanent magnets with symmetrical distribution, moreover the number of each group is more than two, and the neighboring permanent magnets are separated by three stator poles; meanwhile the magnetizing coil with symmetrical distribution is arranged outside the permanent magnets. The utility model has no additional air gap; the magnetic potential of the permanent magnet and the magnetic potential of the excitation make parallel connection so as to avoid the permanent magnet being demagnetized by the magnet potential of the electric excitation. A plurality of sets of armature windings output a plurality of channels of direct current after the rectification; wherein the output of the armature winding (4) sleeved on the stators between the permanent magnets can provide the power supply for the own excitation coil (3) of the motor, which makes the entire motor work in an independent electricity generation condition; therefore the utility model is in particular suitable for the wind power generation situation and other separate supply application situation.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator, belong to the double salient-pole electric machine technical field.
Background technology
At the beginning of the nineties in last century, people such as American scholar T .A.Lipo propose a kind of novel brushless electric machine one doubly salient permanent magnet motor at the switched reluctance machines deficiency.Along with the continuous development of this New-type electric machine, motor magnetic potential source becomes electric excitation by permanent magnet, and electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine and mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T appear in perhaps both combinations in succession.Doubly salient permanent magnet motor power density height, but air-gap field is difficult to adjusting, thereby voltage-regulation or the weak magnetic control system difficulty of permanent power; Electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine magnetic field is easy to control, but owing to exist excitation loss to make its efficient relatively low; Mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T is made every effort in conjunction with the above two advantages, the high power density of existing doubly salient permanent magnet motor, and excitation field is easy to again regulate, and electric machine structure is comparatively complicated certainly.
Patent " wide governing, double salient pole, mixed excitation brushless dynamo (ZL 200420080047.5) " has provided a kind of needs such as electric motor car doubly-salient brushless motor of variable-speed operation occasion on a large scale that is suitable for, the outside of this motor stator direct-flow magnet exciting coil is provided with corresponding permanent magnet, form the composite excitation structure, leave the magnetic conduction bridge between magnet exciting coil and the permanent magnet.Magnet exciting coil is identical with the permanent magnet number in this invention, the position is corresponding one by one, and when electric excitation magnetic potential played weak magnetic action to air-gap field, permanent magnet was identical with the flow direction that magnet exciting coil produces in the magnetic conduction bridge, the magnetic conduction bridge is saturated easily, thereby required excitation magnetic potential is increased.
In addition, no matter be electric excitation biconvex electrode electric machine, or mixed excitation biconvex pole motor T, be easy to regulate in order to make air-gap field, all introduce electric excitation magnetic potential, therefore all need field power supply.In some independent current source application scenarios, external field power supply is difficult for realizing or even is impossible, at present typical solution adopts the two-stage type electric machine structure exactly, promptly with permanent magnet excitation machine of the coaxial installation of main generator, utilizes the permanent magnet excitation machine to be output as main generator field power supply is provided.In fact this scheme has adopted two motors, two cover stators and two cover rotors, and electric machine structure is comparatively complicated, and axial length increases, and at natural cooling or carry under the fan cooled working method, is unfavorable for the ventilation and the heat radiation of motor.
Summary of the invention
1) goal of the invention: the present invention proposes a kind of sound construction, reliable, mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator with multichannel output, the output of one road can be used as the motor excitation source, and whole motor does not need external field power supply or independent exciter is set.
2) technical scheme: mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator of the present invention comprises stator and rotor, stator and rotor are salient-pole structure, and basic structure is 6N/4N electrode structure (N is the integer more than or equal to 3), and promptly stator has 6N salient pole, rotor has 4N salient pole, does not have winding on the rotor.Existing permanent magnet on the stator also has magnet exciting coil, forms the composite excitation structure.Permanent magnet is embedded in stator core yoke portion, and the magnet exciting coil embedding is around in the stator slot.Permanent magnet is arranged in order, three stator poles of being separated by between per two permanent magnets, adjacent permanent magnet number is more than or equal to two, and alternating polarity is arranged, make between the adjacent permanent magnet that flow direction immobilizes on three stator poles, two above adjacent permanent magnet form one group.According to the stator poles difference, have two groups of permanent magnets in the motor at least along electric machine stator iron yoke portion symmetry arrangement.6 stator poles should be arranged between two groups of permanent magnets at least, every three utmost points, the corresponding embedded magnet exciting coil that is wound with of core slots.After the magnet exciting coil energising, in the stator poles adjacent with permanent magnet, the magnetic field that produces is relation in parallel with the magnetic field that permanent magnet produces, both magnetic directions are identical, then exciting current rises and increases magnetic action, otherwise plays weak magnetic action, thereby, regulating action can be played to air-gap field in the motor in the magnetic field that exciting current produces, thereby controls the armature winding output voltage size of linkage with it.
Be set with concentrated armature winding on the stator poles.The armature winding of suit on three stator poles between the adjacent permanent magnet, and the armature winding on three stator poles between other adjacent permanent magnet are connected successively by the flux change rule principle of identity of its linkage, constitute A1, B1, C1 three phase windings respectively.Armature winding on other stator poles, also with triplets, flux change rule principle of identity by its linkage is connected successively, constitute A2, B2, C2 respectively, A3, B3, C3, An, Bn, Cn three phase windings (n is the integer more than or equal to 2) make motor have many cover three phase winding export structures.Wherein, complete three phase winding A1, B1, the C1 that constitutes by the armature winding series connection of suit on the stator poles between the permanent magnet, it is little that its output voltage is influenced by exciting current, main relevant with motor speed, behind rectification circuit, can be used as field power supply, for the magnet exciting coil of motor provides exciting power, make whole machine operation in independent generating state.Certainly, the output of A1, B1, C1 three-phase also can be as other three-phases output, after rectification as the direct-current power supply electric loading.A1, B1, C1, A2, B2, C2 ... An, Bn, Cn also can be together in series mutually by each corresponding principle and constitute the output of a cover three phase windings.
The three-phase output rectification circuit of armature winding can be a bridge rectifier, also can be common cathode zero formula rectification circuit, or is total to anode zero formula rectification circuit.
Mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator of the present invention has following beneficial features:
1. motor has one or more sets three phase windings output, can export one or more DC power supply after rectification, satisfies different application occasion demand;
2. the three-phase output that is made of the series connection of the armature winding on the stator poles between the stator permanent magnet can provide field power supply for the motor excitation coil after rectification, make whole mixed excitation electric machine not need external field power supply or the independent excitation machine is set, be specially adapted to application scenarios such as stand alone generating system such as wind power generation;
3. exciting current is relation in parallel with the magnetic field that permanent magnet produces on stator salient poles, and the main flux that excitation magnetic potential forms by permanent magnet, does not reduce the risk that composite excitation structure permanent magnet is demagnetized greatly through the stator poles closure;
4. outside the permanent magnet on the stator poles magnetic flux of armature winding turns chain determine jointly that by permanent magnetic potential and electric excitation magnetic potential exciting current can effectively be controlled air-gap field, thereby the regulator generator output voltage is within zone of reasonableness.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is 18/12 pole, mixed excitation brushless DC electric generator with dual salient poles schematic cross-section.
Fig. 2 is embodiment 24/16 a pole, mixed excitation brushless DC electric generator with dual salient poles schematic cross-section.
Fig. 3 is embodiment 30/20 a pole, mixed excitation brushless DC electric generator with dual salient poles schematic cross-section.
Label declaration among Fig. 1～Fig. 3: 1, electric machine stator iron; 2, permanent magnet; 3, magnet exciting coil; 4, I cover armature winding; 5, II cover armature winding; 6, III cover armature winding; 7, rotating shaft; 8, rotor core; 9, casing; Z1～Z18, stator poles label.
Fig. 4 is the winding construction schematic diagram.
Fig. 5 is a single channel output full bridge rectifier schematic diagram.
Fig. 6 is single channel output common cathode zero a formula rectification circuit schematic diagram.
Fig. 7 is single channel output anode zero a formula rectification circuit schematic diagram altogether.
Symbol description among Fig. 4～Fig. 7: A1, B1, C1-I cover armature winding A, B, C phase; A2, B2, C2-II cover armature winding A, B, C phase; An, Bn, Cn-n cover armature winding A, B, C phase; D1～D6, D21～D23, D31～D33, rectifier diode; Udc, output dc voltage.
Embodiment
When mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator of the present invention was 3 phase motors, general structure was the 6N/4N electrode structure, i.e. stator poles 6N, and rotor number of poles 4N, N are the integer more than or equal to 3.Fig. 1 equals 3 o'clock 18/12 electrode structure mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator for N, stator is made of around magnet exciting coil 3 and armature winding 4,5,6 in the stator slot casing 9 and inner stator core 1, the permanent magnet 2 that is placed in rear of core and embedding thereof, and rotor is made of rotating shaft 7 and field spider iron core 8.Four permanent magnets are arranged in the stator core, one group in twos, two groups of relative symmetry arrangement in permanent magnet position, three stator poles of being separated by between two permanent magnets in one group, the permanent magnet magnetizing direction is tangential along circumference, and two permanent magnets are magnet accumulating cap in one group, and guarantee that flow direction is constant on three stator poles between it.Three stator poles Z1, Z2 in one group between two permanent magnets, armature winding and another of the last suit of Z3 are organized the armature winding of three stator poles Z10, Z11 between interior two permanent magnets, the last suit of Z12 by the relative phase that is composed in series in twos in locus, be that Z1 is connected into one mutually with the armature winding that Z10 goes up suit, Z2 is connected into one mutually with the armature winding that Z11 goes up suit, Z3 is connected into one mutually with the armature winding that Z12 goes up suit, three-phase constitutes one of motor and overlaps output winding 4 altogether.
With respectively the be separated by embedded magnet exciting coil 3 that is wound with of stator slot of three stator poles of two groups of permanent magnets, in the magnet exciting coil sense of current in figure during sign, in 12 stator poles of magnet exciting coil both sides, excitation magnetic potential is relation in parallel with permanent magnetic potential, and the flow direction that provides is identical, increases magnetic action so excitation magnetic potential rises; If the exciting current direction is opposite with sign among the figure, then excitation magnetic potential is opposite with the flow direction that permanent magnetic potential provides, excitation magnetic potential plays demagnetizing effect, as seen, the magnetic flux size of armature winding 5 linkages of suit is subjected to the exciting current dual regulation on 12 stator poles of magnet exciting coil both sides, thereby its induced potential has broad adjustable range.12 stator poles Z4～Z9 of magnet exciting coil both sides, the armature winding of the last suit of Z13～Z18 press that linkage flux change rule is identical, the relative principle in position, be composed in series a phase winding in twos, be that Z4 becomes one mutually with the last armature windings in series of Z13, Z5 goes up the armature windings in series with Z14 and becomes one mutually, Z6 goes up the armature windings in series with Z15 and becomes one mutually, and this three-phase constitutes II cover armature winding 5; Z7 goes up the armature windings in series with Z16 and becomes one mutually, and Z8 goes up the armature windings in series with Z17 and becomes one mutually, and Z9 goes up the armature windings in series with Z18 and becomes one mutually, and this three-phase constitutes III cover armature winding 6.Whole motor has three cover threephase armature winding outputs.
In addition, also Z4, Z7, four of Z13, Z16 extremely can be gone up the armature windings in series and become a phase, Z5, Z8, four of Z14, Z17 are extremely gone up the armature windings in series become a phase, Z6, Z9, four of Z15, Z18 are extremely gone up the armature windings in series become a phase, constitute a cover threephase armature winding, whole motor then has two cover threephase armature winding outputs.
Also Z1, Z10, Z4, Z7, four of Z13, Z16 extremely can be gone up the armature windings in series and become a phase, Z2, Z11, Z5, Z8, four of Z14, Z17 are extremely gone up the armature windings in series become a phase, Z3, Z12, Z6, Z9, four of Z15, Z18 are extremely gone up the armature windings in series become a phase, constitute a cover threephase armature winding, whole motor then has only a cover threephase armature winding output.
As an embodiment, Fig. 2 has provided 24/16 pole, mixed excitation brushless DC electric generator with dual salient poles sectional view, and four permanent magnets are arranged in the motor stator, and one group in twos, to arrange relatively, magnet exciting coil 3 is two groups also, arranges relatively.By aforementioned principle, the armature winding 4 of suit constitutes a cover three-phase output on six stator poles between four permanent magnets.The armature winding of suit can constitute a cover or two covers or three cover three-phase outputs on 18 stator poles in magnet exciting coil both sides, and same, whole motor can have a cover, two covers, three covers or the output of quadruplet threephase armature winding.Another embodiment, Fig. 3 have provided 30/20 pole, mixed excitation brushless DC electric generator with dual salient poles sectional view, and six permanent magnets are arranged in the motor stator, and every triplets are arranged relatively, and magnet exciting coil is two groups also, arranges relatively.The armature winding of suit constitutes a cover or two cover three-phases outputs on 12 stator poles between six permanent magnets, the armature winding of suit also can constitute a cover, two covers or three cover three-phase outputs on other 18 stator poles, and whole motor can have nearly five cover three-phase outputs.As seen, increase with motor stator and rotor number of poles, permanent magnet and magnet exciting coil number can flexible design and variations in the mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator, and more cover threephase armature windings outputs also can be arranged.For the 6N/4N electrode structure, threephase armature winding output tricks maximum can be N.
The output winding construction of motor as shown in Figure 4, each cover output is separate.Every suit winding three-phase output of motor both can be passed through bridge rectifier shown in Figure 5, also can make motor can export multi-channel DC through output DC after common cathode shown in Figure 6 zero formula rectification circuit or the common anode zero formula rectification circuit rectification shown in Figure 7.
The permanent magnet magnetizing direction is tangential along circumference in the foregoing description, according to same principle, adopts tile shape radial magnetizing permanent magnetism body can constitute mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator of the present invention equally.
Claims (3)
1. mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator, comprise stator core (1), permanent magnet (2), magnet exciting coil (3), armature winding, rotating shaft (7), rotor core (8) and casing (9), described stator core (1) is installed in the casing (9), rotor core (8) is contained in rotating shaft (7) and goes up the composition rotor, it is characterized in that, rotor is the 6N/4N electrode structure, N is the integer more than or equal to 3, described permanent magnet (2) embeds stator core (1) yoke portion, be arranged in order, three stator salient poles of being separated by between per two adjacent permanent magnet (2), permanent magnet number adjacent one another are is more than or equal to 2, alternating polarity is arranged, and constitutes one group, has at least two groups of permanent magnets to be symmetrically distributed in stator core (1) yoke portion according to the stator poles difference; Outside every group of permanent magnet, every the embedded described magnet exciting coil (3) that is wound with of the stator slot of three stator poles, the magnetic field that magnet exciting coil (3) produces becomes relation in parallel with the magnetic field that permanent magnet (2) produces; Described armature winding is divided into I cover armature winding (4), II cover armature winding (5) and III cover armature winding (6), the described I cover of suit armature winding (4) on the stator poles between the permanent magnet, this I cover armature winding (4) constitutes the output of one road three-phase, output DC after rectification; Described II cover armature winding (5) of suit and III cover armature winding (6) on the stator poles of magnet exciting coil both sides, this II cover armature winding (5) and III cover armature winding (6) formation one road or the output of two-way three-phase, output DC after rectification respectively.
2. mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator according to claim 1, stator poles are 6N, and N is the integer more than or equal to 3, and the output tricks of threephase armature winding can be the arbitrary integer between 1 to N.
3. mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator according to claim 1, the permanent magnet on the stator be magnetizing direction along the tangential cutting orientation structure of circumference, or tile shape radial magnetizing permanent magnetism body.
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| CN2007100251404A CN101127461B (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2007-07-13 | Mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator |
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| CN2007100251404A CN101127461B (en) | 2007-07-13 | 2007-07-13 | Mixed excitation dual protruding pole brushless DC generator |
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| CN101127461B CN101127461B (en) | 2010-09-08 |
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| CN101938173A (en) * | 2009-06-30 | 2011-01-05 | 日本电产芝浦株式会社 | Rotor of brushless motor |
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| FR2762158B1 (en) * | 1997-04-14 | 1999-06-25 | Valeo Equip Electr Moteur | POLYPHASE BRUSHED MACHINE, ESPECIALLY A MOTOR VEHICLE ALTERNATOR |
| CN1109397C (en) * | 1999-12-08 | 2003-05-21 | 东南大学 | Double-feed brush-free DC motor with dual salient poles |
| CN1285158C (en) * | 2004-10-10 | 2006-11-15 | 东南大学 | Wide governing, double salient pole, mixed excitation brushless dynamo and weak magnet control method thereof |
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