CN101124013A - Dual battery arrangement for an automatic external defibrillator - Google Patents
Dual battery arrangement for an automatic external defibrillator Download PDFInfo
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- CN101124013A CN101124013A CNA2005800478845A CN200580047884A CN101124013A CN 101124013 A CN101124013 A CN 101124013A CN A2005800478845 A CNA2005800478845 A CN A2005800478845A CN 200580047884 A CN200580047884 A CN 200580047884A CN 101124013 A CN101124013 A CN 101124013A
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Abstract
A defibrillator, equipped with a battery power source, is described which is arranged to operate in any one of both a first mode and a second mode, the battery power source comprising at least two voltage sources. The voltage sources are arranged to be connected in parallel to each other when the defibrillator is operating in a first mode, and in series with each other when the defibrillator is operating in a second mode. The invention can be implemented by a battery pack for a defibrillator. This arrangement allows both voltage sources to be drawn down at the same rate which lengthens the overall life of the batteries. A more efficient use of battery power is thereby obtained. The invention ultimately extends the projected life of the batteries and when applied to an automatic external defibrillator increases the shelf life of the defibrillator.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of defibrillator, and be specifically related to a kind of automatic external defibrillator (AED) that is equipped with the battery supply that is used to operate purpose.
Background technology
Sudden cardiac death is main causes of death in the flourishing society.Most of sudden cardiac deaths are caused by ventricular fibrillation, thereby wherein shrink the Arterial system cardiac muscle fiber on every side of blood pump being delivered to human body with coordination mode usually, change in inharmonious mode and shrinking.This has disturbed the blood that should normally flow to human body.In case in ventricular fibrillation, can make heart return normal cardiac rhythm by using electric shock.Use this electric shock, be known as defibrillation, clear up the abnormal electrical activity of heart, to allow to recover the myocardium depolarization of spontaneous tissue normally by the myocardial cell depolarization that makes critical quantity.Research has shown that defibrillating shock must be delivered to the patient within several minutes of onset of ventricular fibrillation in order to make it effective.The usual means that applies this defibrillating shock is a defibrillator.Defibrillator applies electric shock by two electrodes that are placed on patient's chest.
Defibrillator is well known in the art and generally includes the electrode setting that is connected to charging device, and described charging device provides enough voltage differences between electrode, to guarantee that mobile electric current is enough to make heart to be restarted between two electrodes.
Initial defibrillator is only providing power network, for example can obtain to use in hospital environment.The nearlyer development of battery powered defibrillator allows their use is expanded to zone away from power network, for example in the ambulance or out of doors.
United States Patent (USP) 6,038,473 have described a kind of defibrillator, it is battery powered, and it has comprised the setting of three batteries, these are that the upper group battery is connected with the lower set battery, and second Battery pack and upper group or lower set one of them be arranged in parallel.Top and lower set battery are used for charging to the capacitor group jointly.Second group can not be used for to capacitor group charging, and being used for as an alternative provides electric energy to microprocessor and control circuit.This is provided with has increased the life-span that second Battery pack is provided with, and guarantees that the electric energy that was fed to microprocessor before the electric energy that is fed to capacitor is lost or not.In other words, system was designed at battery before microprocessor power supply, made the running down of battery to the charging of capacitor group.This has exhausted the electric energy in the battery inefficiently, and causes the electric energy in the capacitor group to be lost too early.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to provide a kind of more effective defibrillator.This realizes according to one object of the present invention, defibrillator is set to any one mode operation in first pattern and second pattern thus, battery supply comprises at least two voltage sources, when defibrillator during with first mode operation this voltage source be arranged to connect with first sequence, and when defibrillator during with second mode operation, this voltage source is arranged to connect with second sequence.
The invention still further relates to a kind of set of cells, be used for first voltage and second voltage being provided and comprising at least two voltage sources to defibrillator, it is characterized in that voltage source is arranged to connect so that first voltage to be provided with first sequence, and voltage source is arranged to connect so that second voltage to be provided with second sequence.
Description of drawings
These and other aspect of the present invention will make an explanation by following accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 shows the setting according to two batteries of the present invention.
Fig. 2 shows the alternative setting of two batteries provided by the invention.
Fig. 3 A and 3B show the two kinds of settings of the present invention that are applied to three batteries.
Fig. 4 shows the present invention who is applied in the AED circuit.
Fig. 5 shows the circuit that operates in standby mode as AED.
Fig. 6 shows the circuit that operates in pattern running time as AED.
The specific embodiment
The battery setting of defibrillator comprises at least two independently batteries or can be in parallel or the battery ingredient that is connected in series in the exemplary embodiment of the present invention.It self is a string independent battery that is connected in series that each separate battery pack becomes part.When battery was connected in parallel, they produced electromotive force, or e.m.f., equaled the e.m.f. of each independent battery or battery ingredient, and this depends on what person of use.Diode can be connected in series with each independent battery or battery ingredient, provides under the unequal voltage condition at them guaranteeing, they can not attempt mutual charging.Have been found that the present invention advantageously works when the e.m.f. of battery or battery ingredient equates.
When independently battery or battery ingredient were connected in series, they provided the e.m.f. that equals all their independent voltage summations jointly.
When battery or battery ingredient were connected in parallel, they provided than electric potential difference low when they are connected in series, still can keep bigger electric current subsequently.This allows entire cell setting that different voltage is provided so that electric energy can be provided to different parts in the defibrillator.
In the simplest the setting, only have two independently battery or battery ingredients, and the change between connecting and being connected in parallel produces two independent output voltages.
This is provided with and allows two batteries to exhaust with identical speed, and this thereby prolonged this be provided with in the overall life of all batteries.Then, this has realized the more effective use of battery supply.The present invention finally prolonged whole parallel connection or series connection be provided with in the predicted life of all batteries.
The independent battery setting is arranged in parallel by it or placed in-line measure can comprise switch.
Though the simplest setting only comprises two independently battery or battery ingredients, the present invention in fact can use any amount of battery to constitute and work and thereby can expand to the more batteries of use.Thereby for example, three independent batteries can be arranged to serial or parallel connection, perhaps as alternative example, can use four or more battery ingredients.This selection is depended on fully can obtain and which kind of power requirement the present invention will provide for which kind of voltage source.
Use three or more batteries or battery ingredient in embodiments of the present invention, can provide up to three or more different voltages.In example embodiment, three batteries are arranged to provide two independent voltages, high voltage occurs when all batteries are set to be connected in series, and low voltage occurs when all batteries are set to be connected in parallel.When the difference between the required voltage is big, use the present invention especially favourable.Thereby, for example use principle of the present invention can make up three 4V batteries, so that the only output of 4V is provided, but also can provide the output of 12V.
Use three or more batteries or battery ingredient to need bigger switch complexity, and found in experiment, only the form of two batteries or battery ingredient provides described advantage and has not increased complexity.
Use any switch setting, can be easy to be implemented in and change battery between being connected in parallel and being connected in series and constitute.Have been found that MOSFET be in the practice for using especially favourable switchgear, but can use any switchgear that can be synthesized in being provided with in principle.Thereby, for example in being provided with, simple especially defibrillator can use hand switch, and the primary element of the present invention that do not detract.
The present invention can also use the example of automatic external defibrillator or AED further to explain.AED is automatic or semi-automatic portable external defibrillators, and it has been developed when sudden cardiac arrest takes place and has used outside hospital environment.Thereby for portability, AED is battery powered normally.This portability has further been expanded their use, and AED formerly do not know in the environment of use of defibrillator now, such as on public shopping and recreational area, airport or exist in other zones of a large amount of populations and use.The development of automatic function allows deconditioned individual to use they and this to allow their application is further expanded to away from normal medical environment in AED.Can provide AED fully as the prevention of heart emergency and for such purpose now in non-medical space,, will use by the people who is not subjected to medical training so if promptly it uses as emergency equipment.Thereby the use of this AED may be seldom.
This development has required the AED can be idle or remain on the resting state long term, frequent several months or may not use the several years, but necessary all the time be when needs they the time, it is good fully that they remain duty.Setting has applied restriction to battery in this requirement.The battery setting of using must provide enough electric energy to full operation when needing, dormancy is very over a long time between this operational phase but allow AED.
Demand to AED can use has automatically applied additional function.So for example both carried out common function to capacitor charging and release electric shock, AED moves again that white inspection, registration activate, the impedance between the measurement electrode, carry out analysis to impedance results, provide instruction, operation clock, the measures ambient temperature that is easy to follow to the user, and naturally counter electrode charging during use and discharge.As known in the art, the function of these increases among the AED can change between each design.
Equally as known in the art, the different phase of AED operation or self-operating can be thought the operation under different mode.Therefore, for example, when capacitor charges, can think that defibrillator is in charge mode, and when capacitor shocks by electricity to transmit by patient's discharge, can think that defibrillator is in discharge mode.Similarly, defibrillator can be configured to move self check, though current this is well known in the art, this is not to be the sin qua non yet.When and when carrying out self check, defibrillator can be thought and is in Auto-Sensing Mode.When AED was in operation, it can think and be in pattern running time, and it comprises capacitor charging and discharge, patient monitoring and analysis, and also can think and comprise self check.When not being in running time during pattern, it can be thought and is in standby mode, comprises operation clock, monitor environmental conditions and state output is provided.These different modes have different electric currents and voltage requirements, and these different demands are that the present invention can solve.As being used for defibrillator by variable output voltage provided by the invention the required various difference in functionalitys of the various operations of defibrillator are powered and with significant battery efficiency, do.
Wherein AED these different modes that can move can be used for illustrating the battery power management of AED.During inertia period when AED is in standby mode usually, there is least energy consumption.Under this state, effectively energy consumption can obtain assisting by using low-voltage circuit.In standby mode, this AED can keep clock or monitor environmental conditions, one of its both or both may be used to activate AED and carry out periodicity or the self check of conditionality ground.During self check and in user operating period, in other words, during using AED to rescue asystolic patient, AED operates in pattern running time, it is characterized in that high energy consumption.Need this high energy consumption to be used for the blue or green condition of monitored patient, analyze heart rate and operation high voltage defibrillation circuitry.Optimal performance in the running time pattern is realized by using high voltage, high current circuit.Be very difficult to design for all optimum battery supply of two patterns of operation, and this result almost always weighs between the demand of often conflict.The present invention allows to provide different voltage from described battery setting, and these voltages can be used for difference in functionality is powered then.
In order further this to be made an explanation, for purposes of illustration, various patterns can be simplified to standby mode and running time pattern.
In standby mode, it can be moved by stand-by circuit, and the operation clock is to make a plan and to activate automatic self check.In addition, can status indicators, such as LED, LCD or audio call device or be actually their some combinations.Standby circuit also can be controlled the activation of self check and user model.
Because AED is designed to the emergency equipment by non-expert personnel use,, AED is in standby mode so being expected in its most of effect duration usually.This pattern is low-down electric energy and only consumes about 15 μ A.Under this pattern, the present invention will provide low voltage just, and it is more suitable for standby low electric energy needs.
Periodically, AED open its built-in system and by automatic test run they.Although can be described as Auto-Sensing Mode in form, it operates in pattern running time of higher levels of electrical power now.During this period, AED can for example produce and the signal of analysing ECG class, and high-voltage capacitor is charged and discharges, and test battery health is also checked electrode impedance.Every day, reach the different son groups of carrying out these self checks of a few minutes in every month weekly.
Running time, the another kind of form of pattern was a user model, and it is activated when the user starts AED with the execution emergency cardiac care.Can during user model, activate in the identical systems of testing during the Auto-Sensing Mode.Auto-Sensing Mode and user model will be all with the electric current operations greater than 200mA, and have been found that electric current may be significantly higher than 200mA between charge period in that high voltage capacitor is carried out.Usually, running time and Auto-Sensing Mode all need than higher electric energy required during the standby mode.Can reach this higher power requirement by battery setting according to the present invention.
One embodiment of the present of invention can provide the advantage of longer battery shelf life.Provide maximum battery life with identical speed consuming cells for given group battery cell, and guaranteed that all batteries reach identical minimum voltage simultaneously, and no matter employed operational mode.This is extremely important in the AED storage life that prolongs between the battery change.Use AED to carry out urgent rescue and may exhaust or almost exhaust battery.Thereby after using, check that the battery of AED or the dump energy of set of cells are prudent.Yet, because the present invention prolonged battery life, mean that AED can keep not using before battery or set of cells need be changed in long time phase, even in the situation when never using AED to carry out rescue.
Another advantage of the present invention can followingly be described.At prior art US6, during 038,473 battery was provided with, this battery setting was suboptimal, because at least one Battery pack remains the inaccessiable energy of defibrillator circuit.This has shortened total battery life and has reduced the number of times of the obtainable electric shock of patient.In battery of the present invention was provided with, each battery cell can discharge with identical speed, and did not consider the operational mode history of defibrillator.This has maximized battery life and all battery cells will arrive their end of life fully simultaneously, and does not consider history run, and thereby with all energy in the consuming cells.Thereby battery setting of the present invention has as can be seen prolonged battery life.
There is the defibrillator battery setting of a large amount of other prior aries.The simplest is that the single voltage of generation is exported the array with the battery cell that offers all AED demands.This setting is suboptimal because for instant operation sufficient sufficiently high voltage for when the AED dormancy during in resting state required voltage be inefficient.Finally, this with shorter battery life to being lower than optimum battery life.
The higher levels of electrical power demand of running time and Auto-Sensing Mode has been determined to be used for the battery of AED power supply or the size of set of cells traditionally, and on the other hand, the demand of standby mode needs much lower voltage source.This contradiction has caused the less efficiently of the high-voltage power supply of application to use.In the situation when being used for improving AED at the required voltage of standby mode when linear regulator, this is correct especially.The use of this poor efficiency has been shortened battery life and has been reduced the storage life of automatic external defibrillator thus.
As an alternative, a kind of prior art defibrillator comprises the independent battery of two different voltages, and a low tension battery is used for standby operation, and another high voltage battery is used for operation running time.This is provided with needs more the maintenance.In AED, two batteries must periodically be changed, but not one, and must change in correct position.If two batteries are provided in set of cells, it has avoided have nothing for it but each of two batteries of unbred user to seek correct insertion point and direction, then if in two batteries one exhausted the set of cells of will having to replace.This of will mean two batteries will be replaced too early.This is inefficient.
Thereby create the power that automatic function can be used them by unbred personnel in AED, it is essential to make that also the nursing of AED and safe handling simply become as much as possible.Thereby, with the form of set of cells be AED battery is provided is favourable, it can insert among the AED and from wherein extracting.This has reduced the unbred user quantity of the necessary parts of paying close attention at any time.Set of cells of the present invention is suitable for when using this set of cells setting of the present invention being provided to AED.
With reference now to accompanying drawing,, Fig. 1 shows the first embodiment of the present invention, comprises the setting of two batteries 102 and 104, and these two batteries self are made up of two other battery cells in this case.In other words, each is the battery ingredient, rather than single battery.This cascade of single battery is optionally fully, and depends on the actual power demand of the defibrillator relative with obtainable basic battery unit.This setting shows the battery 102 and 104 that is connected in parallel and the voltage that size equals each cell voltage can be provided when switch 101 is opened.Diode 103 and 105 is illustrated as with each battery and connects, and attempts another battery charge to stop arbitrary battery.As an alternative, the switch (not shown) can replace diode 103 and 105, and wherein the position of the switch keeps relative with switch 101 positions.
Fig. 2 shows second of two batteries 202 and 204 and is provided with.At this, switch 201 closures allow battery to be connected in series thus, and allow them can provide size to equal the voltage of voltage V1 and V2 summation thus.Show diode 203 and 205 once more.As an alternative, the switch (not shown) can replace diode 203 and 205, and wherein the position of the switch keeps relative with switch 201 positions.
Fig. 3 A shows one embodiment of the present of invention, comprises the setting of three batteries 302,304 and 306.Two switches 301 and one the 3rd switch 308 allow battery 302,304 and 306 serial or parallel connection settings.In this embodiment, the position of switch 308 is always relative with the position of switch 301.
Fig. 3 B shows alternative embodiment of the present invention, comprises the setting of three batteries 312,314 and 316.Two switches 311 and six diodes 313,315,317,319,321 and 323 are provided with to allow battery 312,314 and 316 according to the position series connection of switch 311 or be arranged in parallel.
Fig. 4 shows the control circuit how one embodiment of the present of invention can be applied to AED.Setting shown in two batteries 402 and 404 has switch 401 and following two diodes 403 of this situation and 405.This battery is provided with the circuit supply to AED, its be illustrated as comprise AED stand-by circuit 408 and running time circuit 410.Be provided to the voltage of these parts of circuit, in the situation of AED stand-by circuit 408, regulate, and in running time circuit 410 situation, regulate by switch mode regulator 409 by linear regulator 407.The attribute of this actuator of two types is known for those skilled in the art.
Fig. 5 shows the circuit of Fig. 4 when AED operates in standby mode.At this, switch 501 is opened, and allows to be battery 502 and 504 parallel runnings of 6V, is protected by the existence of diode 503 and 504 in this case.Battery produces the low voltage of 6V.Switch 506 is also opened, and the voltage that produces is applied on the linear regulator 507 that effectively moves under low voltage.Do not have electric energy be provided to switch mode regulator 509 and running time circuit 510.
Fig. 6 shows as AED and operates in the previous circuit of running time during pattern.Switch 601 is closed now, and battery 602 and 604 series operations optimally produce 12V.Switch 506 is closed now, provides electric energy to the switch mode regulator of effectively moving under high voltage 509.Electric energy is transferred to circuit 610 running time by switch mode regulator 509.Use the embodiment of at least two batteries, has the effect that two independent voltage sources are provided, described two independent voltage sources can be matched with the voltage requirements of each pattern of operation separately, wherein said at least two batteries are connected in parallel when AED operates in standby mode, and are connected in series during pattern when AED operates in running time.
No matter use battery or other independent, non-line voltage source in the defibrillator, can use the present invention.This can be to disconnect and need not move when having the advantage of mains supply from line voltage when the defibrillator of regular operation of power networks, but also can be to be used for special-purpose battery powered defibrillator.Thereby it can be used for the external defibrillator that carries by the medical worker outside the hospital environment.The present invention is used for extending battery life during the long-term stage of non-use, and describes as preceding, and is especially favourable when using in automatic external defibrillator.In this case, when two batteries or battery ingredient are only arranged, obtain favourable outcome.This permission provides two different voltages by automatic external defibrillator, and the quantity with parts remains to reasonable level simultaneously, and being attended by provides less, light weight and thereby the automatic external defibrillator that is easy to transport.
One embodiment of the present of invention are also found the effect in the environment of different system (such as different AED) when needing different electrical power voltage.In this case, when using in different AED, switchable battery pack of the present invention can differently connect.For example, use the foregoing example of the set of cells that comprises a plurality of 4 voltaic elements, set of cells can be installed among the AED so that 12V power supply and 8V power supply to be provided.When identical set of cells is installed among another AED, it can provide 12V power supply and 4V power supply, and difference is produced by battery connecting circuits different in two different unit.Can find that this embodiment provides advantage to the maker of AED with different electrical power voltage requirements,, thereby provide the efficient of mass production and stock's control because only need a kind of set of cells of stock and offer the user of two types of AED.
Claims (18)
1. a defibrillator is equipped with the battery supply that is used to move purpose, it is characterized in that:
This defibrillator is set to any one operation in first pattern and second pattern,
Battery supply comprises at least two voltage sources,
Wherein when defibrillator during with first mode operation, voltage source is set to be connected in parallel mutually,
And wherein when defibrillator during with second mode operation, voltage source is set to be connected in series mutually.
2. according to the defibrillator of claim 1 requirement, wherein voltage source is convertible between the first voltage setting and the setting of second voltage.
3. according to the defibrillator of claim 1 requirement, wherein at least one voltage source comprises the setting of other voltage source that mutual series connection is provided with.
4. according to the defibrillator of claim 1 requirement, wherein defibrillator also comprises actuator to be adjusted in the voltage that applies in each pattern.
5. the defibrillator that requires according to claim 1 also comprises linear regulator, and this linear regulator is done in order to regulate the output from battery supply when with first mode operation.
6. the defibrillator that requires according to claim 1 also comprises switching regulaor, and it is done in second pattern in order to regulate the output from battery supply.
7. according to the defibrillator of claim 1 requirement, wherein first pattern is utilized different voltage with second pattern.
8. according to the defibrillator of claim 1 requirement, wherein first pattern is a standby mode, and wherein the voltage requirements of defibrillator is lower than the voltage requirements in second pattern.
9. the defibrillator that requires according to Claim 8, wherein when in standby mode, defibrillator draws and is lower than 1 milliampere, perhaps consumes to be lower than 100 microamperes, perhaps consumes to be lower than 50 microamperes or consume and be lower than 25 microamperes.
10. according to the defibrillator of claim 1 requirement, wherein defibrillator is an automatic external defibrillator.
11. a set of cells is used for providing first voltage and second voltage to defibrillator, it is characterized in that:
It comprises at least two voltage sources,
Wherein voltage source is set to be connected in parallel mutually, so that first voltage to be provided,
And wherein voltage source is set to be connected in series mutually, so that second voltage to be provided.
12. set of cells, be used for providing first voltage and second voltage to defibrillator, comprise first and second voltage sources, wherein voltage source is arranged to connect into first structure first voltage to be provided and to be arranged to connect into second structure so that second voltage to be provided, wherein first structure comprises the cascaded structure of voltage source, and second structure comprises the parallel-connection structure of voltage source.
13. set of cells according to claim 12 requirement, voltage source is set to connect so that first voltage to be provided in the time of wherein in being installed in first kind defibrillator, and voltage source is set to connect so that second voltage to be provided in being installed in the second type defibrillator time.
14. set of cells according to claim 13 requirement, wherein the defibrillator of the first kind comprises the circuit that can be connected to set of cells, be used to connect set of cells so that first voltage to be provided, and wherein the defibrillator of second type comprises the circuit that can be connected to set of cells, is used to connect set of cells so that second voltage to be provided.
15. defibrillator, comprise circuit with a plurality of different voltage requirements, and be set to any one operational mode operation in first operational mode and second operational mode, comprise the battery supply that contains at least two voltage sources, and be coupled to the defibrillator circuit, when defibrillator during with first mode operation, voltage source is set to parallel coupled, and when defibrillator during with second mode operation, voltage source is set to series coupled.
16. the defibrillator according to claim 15 requires also comprises switchgear, can operate with serial or parallel connection optionally to connect voltage source.
17. according to the defibrillator that claim 16 requires, wherein switchgear comprises mechanical switch.
18. according to the defibrillator that claim 16 requires, wherein switchgear comprises semiconductor switch equipment.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US63470104P | 2004-12-08 | 2004-12-08 | |
| US60/634,701 | 2004-12-08 | ||
| US60/650,873 | 2005-02-07 |
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| CN101124013A true CN101124013A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
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| CNA2005800478845A Pending CN101124013A (en) | 2004-12-08 | 2005-11-21 | Dual battery arrangement for an automatic external defibrillator |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105246547A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2016-01-13 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Dual battery fast charging defibrillator |
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2005
- 2005-11-21 CN CNA2005800478845A patent/CN101124013A/en active Pending
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105246547A (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2016-01-13 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Dual battery fast charging defibrillator |
| CN105246547B (en) * | 2013-05-28 | 2018-04-13 | 皇家飞利浦有限公司 | Double cell quick charge defibrillator |
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Open date: 20080213 |