CN101122539A - Open and close type torque sensor - Google Patents
Open and close type torque sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN101122539A CN101122539A CNA2007101395338A CN200710139533A CN101122539A CN 101122539 A CN101122539 A CN 101122539A CN A2007101395338 A CNA2007101395338 A CN A2007101395338A CN 200710139533 A CN200710139533 A CN 200710139533A CN 101122539 A CN101122539 A CN 101122539A
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Abstract
An open-close torque sensor of the invention belongs to the torque sensor technical field. The problem to be solved is to provide a torque sensor with a sensitive beam arranged in the sensor, which adopts a slip ring technology and is used for measuring the torque of a high speed and heavy load shaft. The adopted technical scheme is that two semicircle annular main bodies with the same structure are symmetrically fixed to a transmission shaft through screws. The structure of the main bodies is that the upper end and the lower end of the inner lateral of an external half casing are all equipped with fastening semi-rings. An inner semi-ring is fixed between the fastening semi-rings. The external end of the inner semi-ring is equipped with a small insulation semi-ring, a small conductive semi-ring, a large conductive semi-ring and a large insulation semi-ring from inside to outside. A groove on the inner end of the inner semi-ring is fixed with amplifying and converting elements. The end surfaces of the fastening semi-rings are fixed with connecting semi-rings. A sensitive beam is arranged between the connecting semi-rings. The lateral of the sensitive beam is fixed with a strain gauge. The connecting semi-rings are connected with matching semi-rings. The inner surfaces of the matching semi-rings are in contact with the transmission shaft. The invention can be widely applied to various axial torque measuring fields.
Description
Technical Field
The invention discloses an opening and closing type torque sensor, and belongs to the technical field of torque sensors.
Background
In order to solve the torque test problem of engines and transmission cases of large tracked vehicles, aiming at the torque test problem of a rotating shaft that a sensor cannot be installed at the shaft end, the space of a power cabin is narrow and small, and the size of an exposed shaft is small, an opening-closing type compact torque measurement scheme is provided, a collector ring technology is introduced into the design of the torque sensor, a lead of a strain gauge adhered to a sensitive beam is introduced to the input end of a measurement circuit, and after amplification and conditioning, a collector ring device is adopted to transmit weak signals. Generally, when a shaft is subjected to torque, as long as the size and material of the shaft are determined, the shear strain of the shaft and the relative rotation angle of the two end surfaces of the shaft are only related to and in direct proportion to the torque to which the shaft is subjected. The common torque testing method is based on the relationship, and uses various sensors to convert the shearing strain of the shaft or the relative rotation angle of two end faces into electric quantity, and then further processes the electric quantity through a measuring circuit to realize the measurement of the torque. Common torque measurement methods can be classified into strain type and relative angle type. For the measurement of the torque of the rotating shaft, it is difficult to adopt a relative rotation angle rule, so a simple and reliable resistance strain type measurement method is mostly adopted. In the existing strain type torque sensor, a strain gauge is adhered to a measured shaft or a special elastic shaft, and shear strain generated by the shaft due to torque is converted into electric quantity by the strain gauge for measurement. In order to improve the sensitivity and eliminate the influence of other parameters, a strain gauge is usually arranged at intervals of 90 degrees in the circumferential direction of the shaft, the direction of a patch forms an included angle of 45 degrees or 135 degrees with the shaft, the strain gauges are connected into a full-bridge measurement form, so that the strain gauge senses the shear strain generated by the rotating shaft under the action of torque, and is connected with a test circuit through a collector ring, and the torque of the rotating shaft can be measured. The strain gauge must be adhered to the rotating shaft during testing, the adaptability of the sensor is poor, the human error is large, and the defect of the scheme can be overcome by designing the interior of the sensitive Liang Zhiyu sensor. The existing torque sensor adopts an electric brush type collector ring, a rotor of the existing torque sensor is a series of metal slip rings tightly sleeved on a rotating shaft, the slip rings are separated from the shaft and the slip rings by insulating materials, and a stator of the existing torque sensor is a series of electric brushes provided with compression springs. When measuring, the collector ring is connected to the rotating shaft by the coupler, so that the rotor of the collector ring can rotate along with the shaft, and the stator is fixed and closely contacted with the rotor. Then, the strain gauge is communicated with the rotor and the testing circuit is communicated with the stator by leads respectively, and the transmission of strain signals is carried out by the close fit of the electric brush and the slip ring. The electric brush structure provided with the compression spring is easy to wear, poor in reliability and low in signal to noise ratio of signal transmission. On the other hand, most of the existing torque sensors adopt a shaft end mounting mode, and the application of the existing torque sensors has certain limitations.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention discloses an opening-closing type torque sensor, which aims to solve the problems that: the torque sensor for measuring the torque of the high-speed heavy-load rotating shaft is provided, which adopts a slip ring technology, and a sensitive beam is arranged in the sensor.
In order to solve the problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: open-close type torque sensor, its structure is: it is fixed on transmission shaft 12 through the screw symmetry by two semicircular ring form main parts 11 that the structure is the same, and wherein, main part 11 mainly includes: small conductive half ring 1, large conductive half ring 2, large insulating half ring 3, small insulating half ring 10, outer half shell 4, inner half ring 5, fastening half ring 6, optional half ring 7, connecting half ring 8, sensitive beam 9, strain gauge 13 and amplifying and converting element 14, the structure of which is: the inner side upper and lower end surfaces of the outer half shell 4 are respectively sleeved with a fastening half ring 6, the fastening half rings 6 are fixedly provided with an inner half ring 5 between the two fastening half rings 6 through bosses 18, an outer groove 15 at the outer end of the inner half ring 5 is internally and externally sleeved with a small semi-insulating ring 10, a small semi-conductive ring 1, a large semi-conductive ring 2 and a large semi-insulating ring 3, the large semi-insulating ring 3 is sleeved in an inner groove 16 at the inner side middle position of the outer half shell 4, a groove 17 at the inner end of the inner half ring 5 is internally and fixedly provided with an amplifying and converting element 14, the fastening half rings 6 are fixedly provided with a connecting half ring 8 through screws on the end surfaces, the peripheral ring surface between the upper and lower connecting half rings 8 is provided with a sensitive beam 9, the side surface of the sensitive beam 9 is fixedly provided with a strain gauge 13, the semi rings of the connecting half rings 8 through positioning pins on the end surfaces are fixedly provided with an optional matching semi ring 7, and the inner surface of the optional matching semi ring 7 is contacted with a transmission shaft 12.
Compared with the prior art, the open-close type torque sensor has the following beneficial effects:
the whole structure of the sensor described by the invention adopts an opening and closing type, and particularly, two semicircular main bodies 11 with the same structure are symmetrically fixed on a transmission shaft 12 through screws, so that the structure is compact, direct external clamping installation is convenient to be carried out on a shaft with a narrow space, and on-site online measurement is convenient; the semi-ring 7 is adopted, so that the device is suitable for measuring the torque of various journal transmission shafts, and has strong universality; the sensitive beam 9 is small in size, a strain gauge 13 is fixed on the side face of the sensitive beam 9, an amplifying and converting element 14 is fixed in a groove 17 at the inner end of the inner half ring 5, the strain gauge 13 is connected with the amplifying and converting element 14 through a wire, then the strain gauge passes through the small conductive half ring 1 and the large conductive half ring 2 and is transmitted to the outside of the sensor through the wire, and therefore the strain gauge is placed in the sensor through optimized design, installation is convenient, and measuring accuracy is high; by adopting a brushless current collecting ring structure and adopting the structures of the small conductive semi-ring 1 and the large conductive semi-ring 2, the signal transmission between the high-speed rotating parts is realized, and the signal-to-noise ratio and the reliability of signals are improved.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an open-close type torque sensor according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 isbase:Sub>A cross-sectional view A-A of the open-close torque sensor of FIG. 1;
fig. 3 is a schematic view of the fastening half ring 6 of fig. 1;
fig. 4 is a top view of the fastener half 6 of fig. 3;
fig. 5 is a schematic view of the assembly of 2 connector half- rings 8 and 4 sensitive beams 9 of fig. 1;
fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 isbase:Sub>A schematic structural diagram of an opening and closing type torque sensor of the present invention, and fig. 2 isbase:Sub>A sectional viewbase:Sub>A-base:Sub>A of the opening and closing type torque sensor shown in fig. 1, the opening and closing type torque sensor of the present invention is symmetrically fixed onbase:Sub>A transmission shaft 12 by two semicircular annular main bodies 11 with the same structure through screws, wherein the main body 11 mainly comprises: small conductive half ring 1, large conductive half ring 2, large insulating half ring 3, small insulating half ring 10, outer half shell 4, inner half ring 5, fastening half ring 6, optional half ring 7, connecting half ring 8, sensitive beam 9, strain gauge 13 and amplifying and converting element 14, and its structure is: the upper end face and the lower end face of the inner side of the outer half shell 4 are respectively sleeved with a fastening half ring 6, the fastening half ring 6 is fixedly provided with an inner half ring 5 between two fastening half rings 6 through a boss 18, an outer groove 15 at the outer end of the inner half ring 5 is internally sleeved with a small insulating half ring 10, a small conductive half ring 1, a large conductive half ring 2 and a large insulating half ring 3 from inside to outside, the large insulating half ring 3 is sleeved in an inner groove 16 at the middle position of the inner side of the outer half shell 4, a amplifying and converting element 14 is fixed in a groove 17 at the inner end of the inner half ring 5, the fastening half ring 6 is fixedly provided with a connecting half ring 8 through a screw on the end face, the peripheral ring face between the upper connecting half ring 8 and the lower connecting half ring 8 is provided with a sensitive beam 9, the side face of the sensitive beam 9 is fixedly provided with a strain gauge 13, the connecting half ring 8 is fixedly provided with an optional half ring 7 through a positioning pin on the end face, and the inner surface of the optional half ring 7 is in contact with a transmission shaft 12. Wherein the outside of little semi-insulating ring 10 is equipped with 4 little recesses, and the inboard of big semi-insulating ring 3 is provided with 4 the same little recesses with little semi-insulating ring 10 is corresponding, and little semi-insulating ring 10 and big semi-insulating ring 3 can be materials such as nylon, polytetrafluoroethylene, and the cover is equipped with little conductive semi-ring 1 and big conductive semi-ring 2 between the little recess, and little conductive semi-ring 1 and big conductive semi-ring 2 can be materials such as red copper, brass.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the half-fastener 6 shown in fig. 1, fig. 4 is a top view of the half-fastener 6 shown in fig. 3, a connecting end 19 is provided at the connecting end of the semicircular half-fastener 6, a through hole 20 is provided along the radial direction on the end 19, a gap 21 is provided at the outer end of the contact surface of the end 19, the gap 21 is used for positioning the outer half-shell 4, a boss 18 is provided at the outer side of the middle position of the half-fastener 6, and a connecting through hole 22 is provided on the boss 18 along the axial direction.
Fig. 5 is an assembly schematic diagram of 2 coupling half rings 8 and 4 sensitive beams 9 in fig. 1, fig. 6 is a top view of fig. 5, wherein 4 sensitive beams 9 are uniformly arranged on the circumferential ring surface between the upper coupling half ring 8 and the lower coupling half ring 8, 4 uniformly arranged positioning grooves 23 are correspondingly arranged between the upper coupling half ring 8 and the lower coupling half ring 8, and the sensitive beams 9 are sleeved between the positioning grooves 23.
It is assumed that the sensitive beam 9 is (3 × 8 × 34) mm in size, i.e., the cross-section is (3 × 8) mm in size. The rotating speed of the output shaft of the engine is 3000 r/min, and the power of the engine is 500 horsepower. From known data in combination with 1 horsepower =735N, the magnitude of torque can be found as:
considering that the rotating shaft is 45 steel, the obtained G =80GPa
Polar moment of inertia in cross section of
A torsion angle per unit length of
So the torsion angle of the two ends of the sensitive beam 9 is
＝0.0239rad/m×0.026m＝6.214×10 -4 rad (4)
The relative torsional arc length of two ends of the sensitive beam 9 is
s＝r＝6.124×10 -4 ×41×10 -3 ＝2.55×10 -5 m (5)
The deformation of the whole sensitive beam 9 can be simplified into two cantilever beams connected in parallel, and the stress is zero at the midpoint of the sensitive beam 9. The stress is the largest at the root of the sensitive beam 9, so the strain gauge is attached to the sensitive beam Liang Genbu. Each sensitive beam 9 has a deflection of
The length after deformation is
So that the micro strain of the strain gauge is
The material of the connecting semi-ring 8 can be 45 steel, the connecting semi-ring 8 can be directly connected to the shaft during measurement, the connecting semi-ring can also be used together with the optional semi-ring 7 to adapt to the measurement of the torque of rotating shafts with different shaft diameters, the optional semi-ring 7 is connected with the connecting semi-ring 8 through a cylindrical positioning pin to ensure the position relation between the connecting semi-ring and the optional semi-ring, and the two rings can rotate together with the shaft.
A fastening half-ring 6 is additionally arranged outside the connecting half-ring 8 to play a clamping role. By the action of the fastening half-ring 6, when the shaft is subjected to a torque, the shaft drives the selection half-ring 7 to move, while the connection half-ring 8 and the selection half-ring 7 are connected together by the positioning pin to move, and the fastening ring outside the connection half-ring 8 can ensure that the three rings rotate reliably with the shaft at the same time. The fastening half-ring 6 serves to clamp the two rings so that the bolts must have a certain strength. Thus, still taking the above data as an example, a correlation is made to the diameter of the threaded hole in the fastening ring.
The force of the torque on the fastener is
Thus is provided with
F 2 ＝1.2F＝1.2×10636＝12763N (10)
By
Can obtain the product
Therefore, it is advisable
d＝6mm
Therefore, the internal hexagonal bolt with the diameter of 6mm is selected.
The spring steel has higher tensile strength, elastic limit and high fatigue strength. High-quality spring steel is commonly used as a force arm material and can bear large stress to generate corresponding deformation. Therefore, the compression ring can be made of spring steel.
The signal part of the sensor adopts a collector ring structure, the structure of a general collector ring is optimally designed, an electric brush is not used, and a conductive semi-annular metal material is used instead. The metal material is fixed on the inner ring, and the shell is contacted with the conductive material when being matched with the inner ring, so that the function of transmitting signals is achieved.
The improved structure can make the sensor more convenient for torque measurement. The inner ring is used as a rotor part of the torque sensor, the side surface of the inner ring is connected with the fastening ring by adopting two axial cylindrical pins, and the fastening ring is directly connected with the connecting ring by adopting a bolt; a plurality of annular grooves are formed in the outer side of the inner ring, insulating materials are embedded into the annular grooves, and the conducting rings are embedded into the grooves of the insulating materials. The number of the annular grooves is determined according to the number of the transmitted signals, and the conductive ring is made of brass. The structure avoids the spring structure of the electric brush type collector ring, and the conductive materials are separated by the insulating material, so that the interference can be effectively prevented, and the transmission of signals is facilitated. The structure of the shell is similar to that of the inner ring, the conductive slip ring part of the shell is arranged on the inner side of the ring body and is matched with the conductive ring of the inner ring to transmit signals, and the inner ring and the shell are connected and compressed through bolts to ensure tight contact. The lead wire can be connected to the resistance strain gauge through the insulating material and the inner ring from the bottom lead of the conductive material fixed on the inner ring, so that the change value of the resistance can be measured. In the same way, the lead wires are led out from the bottom of the conductive material fixed on the shell, and the insulating material is perforated to the shell, so that the shell can be connected with an external power supply, and the power supply can be obtained from the outside.
Claims (1)
1. Open-close type torque sensor, characterized by: the transmission shaft is symmetrically fixed on a transmission shaft (12) through screws by two semicircular annular main bodies (11) with the same structure, wherein the main bodies (11) mainly comprise: little electrically conductive semi-ring (1), big electrically conductive semi-ring (2), big insulating semi-ring (3), little insulating semi-ring (10), outer half shell (4), interior semi-ring (5), fastening semi-ring (6), option semi-ring (7), connection semi-ring (8), sensitive roof beam (9), foil gage (13) and amplification and conversion component (14), its structure is: the inner side upper and lower end surfaces of the outer half shell (4) are respectively sleeved with a fastening half ring (6), the fastening half ring (6) is fixedly provided with an inner half ring (5) in the middle of the two fastening half rings (6) through a boss (18), an outer groove (15) in the outer end of the inner half ring (5) is internally and externally sleeved with a small insulation half ring (10), a small conductive half ring (1), a large conductive half ring (2) and a large insulation half ring (3), the large insulation half ring (3) is sleeved in an inner groove (16) in the middle position of the inner side of the outer half shell (4), a groove (17) in the inner end of the inner half ring (5) is internally fixed with an amplification and conversion element (14), the fastening half ring (6) is fixedly provided with a connecting half ring (8) through a screw on the end surface, a sensitive beam (9) is arranged on the peripheral ring surface between the upper and lower connecting half rings (8), a strain gauge (13) is fixed on the side surface of the sensitive beam (9), an optional half ring (7) is fixed on a positioning pin on the end surface of the connecting half ring (8), and the optional half ring (7) is in contact with a transmission shaft (12).
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101395338A CN100487403C (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2007-10-01 | Open and close type torque sensor |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101395338A CN100487403C (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2007-10-01 | Open and close type torque sensor |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101122539A true CN101122539A (en) | 2008-02-13 |
| CN100487403C CN100487403C (en) | 2009-05-13 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNB2007101395338A Expired - Fee Related CN100487403C (en) | 2007-10-01 | 2007-10-01 | Open and close type torque sensor |
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| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| CN (1) | CN100487403C (en) |
Cited By (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101586995B (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2011-04-06 | 浙江大学 | Multi-variant spherical travelling-wave ultrasonic motor moment measuring device |
| CN104596689A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-06 | 四川诚邦测控技术有限公司 | Digital strain torque sensor based on multifunctional speed signal processing circuit |
| CN109669105A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-04-23 | 南京工业大学 | Semi-ring hook-carrying type symmetrical shunt sensor based on electromagnetic signals |
| CN111982378A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2020-11-24 | 福建省莆田市衡力传感器有限公司 | Disc type axial multipurpose stress detection device |
| CN112525409A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-19 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Online quick detection device of open bolt pretightning force |
| CN114739549A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南长高高压开关集团股份公司 | Torque sensing device for isolating switch |
Family Cites Families (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GB8408502D0 (en) * | 1984-04-03 | 1984-05-16 | Trw Probe Electronics Co Ltd | Torque sensing apparatus |
-
2007
- 2007-10-01 CN CNB2007101395338A patent/CN100487403C/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Cited By (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101586995B (en) * | 2009-06-22 | 2011-04-06 | 浙江大学 | Multi-variant spherical travelling-wave ultrasonic motor moment measuring device |
| CN104596689A (en) * | 2015-01-29 | 2015-05-06 | 四川诚邦测控技术有限公司 | Digital strain torque sensor based on multifunctional speed signal processing circuit |
| CN109669105A (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2019-04-23 | 南京工业大学 | Semi-ring hook-carrying type symmetrical shunt sensor based on electromagnetic signals |
| CN109669105B (en) * | 2019-02-22 | 2021-01-29 | 南京工业大学 | Semi-ring hook-carrying type symmetrical shunt sensor based on electromagnetic signals |
| CN111982378A (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2020-11-24 | 福建省莆田市衡力传感器有限公司 | Disc type axial multipurpose stress detection device |
| CN111982378B (en) * | 2019-05-05 | 2024-05-10 | 福建省莆田市衡力传感器有限公司 | Disc type axial multipurpose stress detection device |
| CN112525409A (en) * | 2020-10-29 | 2021-03-19 | 北京动力机械研究所 | Online quick detection device of open bolt pretightning force |
| CN114739549A (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2022-07-12 | 湖南长高高压开关集团股份公司 | Torque sensing device for isolating switch |
| CN114739549B (en) * | 2022-04-06 | 2024-03-22 | 长高电新科技股份公司 | Torque sensing device for isolating switch |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN100487403C (en) | 2009-05-13 |
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Granted publication date: 20090513 Termination date: 20091102 |