CN101121892B - Expansion type flame-retardant and its preparation method - Google Patents
Expansion type flame-retardant and its preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN101121892B CN101121892B CN2006100298656A CN200610029865A CN101121892B CN 101121892 B CN101121892 B CN 101121892B CN 2006100298656 A CN2006100298656 A CN 2006100298656A CN 200610029865 A CN200610029865 A CN 200610029865A CN 101121892 B CN101121892 B CN 101121892B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a novel inflatable fire-retardant of general formula (I). In terms of preparation method, a reaction of polyhydroxy compound and phosphoric acid or ammonium phosphate salt is conducted to achieve phosphate ester; a reaction of urea and formaldehyde is conducted to achieve urea-formaldehyde resin; and then the achieved phosphate ester and urea-formaldehyde resin are solidified by crosslinking to achieve the final product. The fire-retardant is applied to various polymers for fire-retarding, particularly applicable to fire-refractory coatings for inflatable fire-retarding.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of expansion fire-proof fire retardant, be applicable to the fire-retardant of various frie retardant coatings and combustible polymers.
Background technology
Macromolecular material has obtained increasingly extensive application in every field such as industrial, civilian and buildings, but because the combustibility of these materials has also been brought the potential fire hazard to people.The generation of fire preventing more and more causes people's attention, and this just produces a kind of new technical field, macromolecular material flame-retarded technology.
The high molecular fire retardant technology, the general in actual applications method of adding that adopts is promptly added fire retardant.This fire retardant can be divided into two big class, addition type and response types substantially.The fire retardant of addition type normally joins in the course of processing in the polymkeric substance at macromolecular material, not with macromolecular material and auxiliary agent react with thereof, and increases flame retardant resistance.Reactive flame retardant is that macromolecular material adds in reaction process with monomer crosslinked, and the polymkeric substance that forms has flame retardant resistance.
Additive flame retardant, since of many uses, easy to use, so development is rapidly.Inorganic combustion inhibitor from the earliest develops into organic fire-retardant, and kind, performance improve constantly.As from aluminium hydroxide, magnesium hydroxide, clorafin to ammonium polyphosphate, flame retardant properties improves constantly.
Reactive flame retardant mainly is to introduce haloid element in poly-platform thing, plays fire-retardant purpose, but can emit toxic and harmful in combustion processes.
Along with fire-retardant the reach of science, the demand in market, the development environmental protection fire retarding agent is scientific worker's a target.
By standard GB 14907-2002 " steel structure fire-proof paint " and GB12441-1998 " finishing fire retardant paint " standard, slim and ultrathin fat fire coating of steel structure fire-proof paint and the equal series expansion type frie retardant coating of finishing fire retardant paint.Present stage the international and domestic expansion type flame retardant that all adopts ammonium polyphosphate or melamine phosphate, dipentaerythritol or tetramethylolmethane and trimeric cyanamide to mix by a certain percentage, it is a kind of expansion type flame retardant of composition type, it is on the high side, three kinds of raw materials join the example with hybrid technique will influence flame retardant effect.
Summary of the invention
At above-mentioned the deficiencies in the prior art, the technical problem to be solved in the present invention is: a kind of " trinity " haplotype expansion fire-proof fire retardant is provided, and its effect reaches existing expansion type flame retardant system, and price is half of existing pricing system.The present invention is a kind of environment friendly flame retardant, does not emit toxic and harmful in combustion processes, is specially adapted to the use of frie retardant coating.As fire retardant, starting material adopt polyol, phosphoric acid or ammonium phosphate salt, urea, formaldehyde with synthetic inflated polymer resin in the present invention, through polyreaction, pulverizing, oven dry, and the expansion type flame retardant of synthetic a kind of white powder.
First purpose of the present invention provides a kind of expansion fire-proof fire retardant of following general formula:
Wherein, M is a polyol; N 〉=1.
Described polyol comprises starch, glucose and tetramethylolmethane.
Second purpose of the present invention provides the preparation method of this expansion fire-proof fire retardant, comprises the steps:
1. with in polyol and phosphoric acid or the ammonium phosphate salt adding reaction vessel, be heated to 120-150 ℃ while stirring, be incubated 1-2 hour, be cooled to normal temperature, obtain phosphoric acid ester:
Wherein, M is a polyol.
2. urea and formaldehyde are added in the reaction vessel, PH is transferred to 8-9, be heated to 80-95 ℃, reacted 1-1.5 hour, vacuum hydro-extraction is cooled to normal temperature, generates the urea-formaldehyde resin of following four kinds of structural formulas:
3. the urea-formaldehyde resin that obtains is poured in the solidification device, again the phosphoric acid ester that obtains is added in the solidification device, stir, placed at least 1 hour, take out, pulverize, dry, promptly get the expansion fire-proof fire retardant:
Wherein, M is a polyol; N 〉=1.
Wherein, the mass ratio that feeds intake of polyol and phosphoric acid or ammonium phosphate salt is 1:1～1:7, and the mass ratio that feeds intake of urea and formaldehyde is 1:2～1:3.
Expansion fire-proof fire retardant of the present invention has following beneficial effect:
1. the present invention is a kind of novel expansion fire-proof fire retardant, and its carbon-collecting source, acid source, source of the gas belong to " trinity " type expansion fire-proof fire retardant in one;
2. the preparation method of expansion fire-proof fire retardant of the present invention is simple, is easy to industrialized production, and its effect reaches the standard of existing expansion type flame retardant system, but its cost has only existing fire retardant pricing system half.
Embodiment:
Embodiment 1
Starting material: tetramethylolmethane (industrial goods), diammonium hydrogen phosphate (industrial goods), urea (industrial goods), formaldehyde (industrial goods), trolamine (industrial goods)
The preparation method:
The first step: 300g water, 100g tetramethylolmethane, 200g diammonium hydrogen phosphate are added in the there-necked flask, heat, be heated to 130 ℃, be incubated 1 hour, be cooled to normal temperature, i.e. the phosphoric acid pentaerythritol ester while stir.
Second step: 650g formaldehyde, 300g urea are added in the there-necked flask, and transferring PH with trolamine is 8, is heated to 80 ℃, reacted 1 hour, vacuum hydro-extraction is cooled to normal temperature, pours in the solidification device, again the phosphoric acid pentaerythritol ester of the first step reaction is added in the solidification device that the second step product is housed while stirring, stirred 10 minutes, placed 1 hour, solidify, pulverize, dry, promptly get the expansion fire-proof fire retardant.
Press GB12441-1998 " finishing fire retardant paint " and GB14907-2002 " steel structure fire-proof paint " standard, the weight such as fireproof system of frie retardant coating are changed into the expansion type flame retardant of embodiment 1 gained, test result is as follows:
Table one
| Project | Standard GB12441-1998 | The result of the expansion fire-proof fire retardant of embodiment 1 |
| Anti-combustion time min | ≥30 | 40 |
| Flame propagation ratio | ≤25 | 15 |
| Weightless | ≤5 | 3 |
| Char volume | ≤25 | 15 |
Table two
Coating thickness 2mm
| Project | Standard GB12441-1998 | The result of the expansion fire-proof fire retardant of embodiment 1 |
| | fire resistance period | ≥1h | 2h |
Embodiment 2
Starting material: glucose (industrial goods), primary ammonium phosphate (industrial goods), urea (industrial goods), formaldehyde (industrial goods), trolamine (industrial goods)
The preparation method:
The first step: 300g water, 80g glucose, 150g primary ammonium phosphate are added in the there-necked flask, heat, be heated to 140 ℃-150 ℃, be incubated 1.5 hours, be cooled to normal temperature, promptly get phosphoglucolipid while stir.
Second step: 320g formaldehyde, 150g urea are joined in the there-necked flask, and transferring PH with trolamine is 9, is heated to 85 ℃, reacts 1.5 hours, and vacuum hydro-extraction is cooled to normal temperature.Pour in the solidification device, again the phosphoglucolipid of the first step reaction is added in the urea-formaldehyde resin that the reaction of second step is housed while stirring, stirred 10 minutes, placed 2 hours, from solidification device, take out, pulverize, dry, promptly get the expansion fire-proof fire retardant.
Press GB12441-1998 " finishing fire retardant paint " and GB14907-2002 " steel structure fire-proof paint " standard, the weight such as fireproof system of frie retardant coating are changed into the expansion type flame retardant of embodiment 2 gained, test result is as follows:
Table one
| Project | Standard GB12441-1998 | The result of the expansion fire-proof fire retardant of embodiment 2 |
| Anti-combustion time min | ≥30 | 40 |
| Flame propagation ratio | ≤25 | 15 |
| Weightless | ≤5 | 3 |
| Char volume | ≤25 | 15 |
Table two
Coating thickness 2mm
| Project | Standard GB12441-1998 | The result of the expansion fire-proof fire retardant of embodiment 2 |
| Fire resistance period | ≥1h | 2h |
Embodiment 3
Starting material: starch (industrial goods), urea (industrial goods), formaldehyde (industrial goods), phosphoric acid (industrial goods), trolamine (industrial goods)
The preparation method:
The first step: 200g water, 20g starch, 80g phosphoric acid are added in the there-necked flask, heat, be heated to 150 ℃, be incubated 2 hours, be cooled to normal temperature, promptly get the starch phosphates ester while stir.
Second step: 450g formaldehyde, 200g urea are joined in the there-necked flask, transfer PH8-9, be heated to 90 ℃ with trolamine, reacted 1.5 hours, vacuum hydro-extraction is cooled to normal temperature, pours in the solidification device, again the starch phosphates ester of the first step reaction is added in the urea-formaldehyde resin that the reaction of second step is housed while stirring, stirred 10 minutes, placed 1.5 hours, from solidification device, take out, pulverize, dry, promptly get the expansion fire-proof fire retardant.
Press GB12441-1998 " finishing fire retardant paint " and GB14907-2002 " steel structure fire-proof paint " standard, the weight such as fireproof system of frie retardant coating are changed into the expansion type flame retardant of embodiment 3 gained, test result is as follows:
Table one
| Project | Standard GB12441-1998 | The result of the expansion fire-proof fire retardant of embodiment 3 |
| Anti-combustion time min | ≥30 | 40 |
| Flame propagation ratio | ≤25 | 15 |
| Weightless | ≤5 | 3 |
| Char volume | ≤25 | 15 |
Table two
Coating thickness 2mm
| Project | Standard GB12441-1998 | The result of the expansion fire-proof fire retardant of embodiment 3 |
| Fire resistance period | ≥1h | 2h |
Embodiment 4
Starting material: starch (industrial goods), primary ammonium phosphate (industrial goods), urea (industrial goods), formaldehyde (industrial goods), trolamine (industrial goods)
The preparation method:
The first step: 250g water, 15g starch, 90g primary ammonium phosphate are added in the there-necked flask, heat, be heated to 140 ℃, be incubated 1.5 hours, be cooled to normal temperature, promptly get the starch phosphates ester while stir.
Second step: 500g formaldehyde, 200g urea are joined in the there-necked flask, transfer PH8-9 with trolamine, be heated to 95 ℃, reacted 1.25 hours, vacuum hydro-extraction is cooled to normal temperature.Pour in the solidification device, again the starch phosphates ester of the first step reaction is added in the urea-formaldehyde resin that the reaction of second step is housed while stirring, stirred 10 minutes, placed 3 hours, from solidification device, take out, pulverize, dry, promptly get the expansion fire-proof fire retardant.
Press GB12441-1998 " finishing fire retardant paint " and GB14907-2002 " steel structure fire-proof paint " standard, the weight such as fireproof system of frie retardant coating are changed into the expansion type flame retardant of embodiment 4 gained, test result is as follows:
Table one
| Project | Standard GB12441-1998 | The result of the expansion fire-proof fire retardant of embodiment 4 |
| Anti-combustion time min | ≥30 | 40 |
| Flame propagation ratio | ≤25 | 15 |
| Weightless | ≤5 | 3 |
| Char volume | ≤25 | 15 |
Table two
Coating thickness 2mm
| Project | Standard GB12441-1998 | The result of the expansion fire-proof fire retardant of embodiment 4 |
| Fire resistance period | ≥1h | 2h |
Claims (2)
1. the expansion fire-proof fire retardant of general formula (I):
Wherein, M is the polyol that comprises starch, glucose and tetramethylolmethane; N 〉=1.
2. the preparation method of the expansion fire-proof fire retardant of claim 1, comprise the steps: a) to obtain phosphoric acid ester by polyol and phosphoric acid or ammonium phosphate salt reaction, wherein the mass ratio that feeds intake of polyol and phosphoric acid or ammonium phosphate salt is 1: 1～1: 7, temperature of reaction is 120-150 ℃, and the reaction times is 1-2 hour; B) obtain urea-formaldehyde resin by urea and formaldehyde reaction, wherein the mass ratio that feeds intake of urea and formaldehyde is 1: 2～1: 3, and reaction pH is 8-9, and temperature of reaction is 80-95 ℃, and the reaction times is 1-1.5 hour; C) again by phosphoric acid ester and urea-formaldehyde resin crosslinking curing, the reaction times is more than or equal to 1 hour; Promptly get the expansion fire-proof fire retardant.
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| CN101121892B true CN101121892B (en) | 2011-10-05 |
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Families Citing this family (8)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101602214B (en) * | 2009-04-24 | 2012-07-11 | 永港伟方（北京）科技股份有限公司 | Method for preparing fire retardant modification timber |
| CN101982305B (en) * | 2010-08-30 | 2012-11-21 | 中国林业科学研究院木材工业研究所 | Preparation method of phosphate timber fire retardant and method for processing timber by using fire retardant |
| CN103154156A (en) * | 2011-05-17 | 2013-06-12 | 福建南烽防火科技有限公司 | Transparent and eco-friendly fire proof coating and preparation process thereof |
| CN104650359A (en) * | 2013-11-20 | 2015-05-27 | 山东鄄城县泰斗高新材料有限公司 | Intumescent flame retardant and production method thereof |
| CN104497782B (en) * | 2014-12-11 | 2017-04-05 | 贵州凯和木结构建筑科技有限公司 | The preparation method of three component facing type transparent fire-resisting paints |
| CN110105631A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-08-09 | 王永超 | A kind of environment-friendly biomass fire retardant and its processing technology |
| CN112549215B (en) * | 2020-11-26 | 2022-03-04 | 湖北福汉木业有限公司 | Flame-retardant plywood and preparation method thereof |
| CN113265186B (en) * | 2021-05-26 | 2022-06-24 | 深圳市锦旺兴绝缘材料有限公司 | Flame-retardant molecular chain grafted mesoporous silica modified epoxy resin coating and preparation method thereof |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1059548A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1992-03-18 | 王静波 | Expansion-type transparent fire-retardant coating |
| CN1060859A (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1992-05-06 | 王静波 | Urethane plastic frie retardant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN1380368A (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2002-11-20 | 海洋化工研究院 | Expanding fire-proof paint |
| CN1490137A (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2004-04-21 | 广西三奇工贸有限责任公司 | Nonconsumable wood flame retardant and its preparation |
-
2006
- 2006-08-09 CN CN2006100298656A patent/CN101121892B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN1059548A (en) * | 1990-09-07 | 1992-03-18 | 王静波 | Expansion-type transparent fire-retardant coating |
| CN1060859A (en) * | 1990-10-18 | 1992-05-06 | 王静波 | Urethane plastic frie retardant coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN1380368A (en) * | 2002-04-11 | 2002-11-20 | 海洋化工研究院 | Expanding fire-proof paint |
| CN1490137A (en) * | 2002-10-15 | 2004-04-21 | 广西三奇工贸有限责任公司 | Nonconsumable wood flame retardant and its preparation |
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Owner name: SHANDONG JUANCHENG TAIDOU ADVANCED MATERIALS CO., Free format text: FORMER OWNER: SHANGHAI GAOJI ENTERPRISE DEVELOPMENT CO., LTD. Effective date: 20130904 |
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