CN101121762A - Alkali-soluble polymer and its preparation method - Google Patents

Alkali-soluble polymer and its preparation method Download PDF

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Publication number
CN101121762A
CN101121762A CNA2006101681049A CN200610168104A CN101121762A CN 101121762 A CN101121762 A CN 101121762A CN A2006101681049 A CNA2006101681049 A CN A2006101681049A CN 200610168104 A CN200610168104 A CN 200610168104A CN 101121762 A CN101121762 A CN 101121762A
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vinyl
alkali
soluble polymer
polymerization
polymer according
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于义松
黎仕友
何洪
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CHENGDU KERUIJU DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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CHENGDU KERUIJU DIGITAL TECHNOLOGY Co Ltd
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Abstract

The present invention discloses a alkali soluble polymer and its preparing method, the polymer is prepared from ethylene monomer through free radical polymerizing method or other polymerizing method, wherein the structural formula of the ethylene monomer with two functions of -COOH and -CONH-R as follows: HOOC-C=C-CONH-R, R means the Phenolic group, hydroxy or carboxy function. The alkali soluble polymer can comprises one or more other ethylene monomer selectively. A thermal sensitive lithographic printing plate prepared by the alkali soluble polymer has excellent chemical resistance performance, abrasion resistance, high sensitivity, low film wear and wide development degree.

Description

A kind of alkali-soluble polymer and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of alkali-soluble polymer and preparation method thereof, concrete, the present invention relates to a kind of alkali-soluble polymer that is applied to prepare light-sensitive composition and imaging element and positive heat-sensitive planographic plate, this alkali-soluble polymer contains vinyl monomer and obtains by radical polymerization and other polymerization process.
Background technology
Alkali-soluble polymer has been widely used in light-sensitive composition and imaging element and fields such as printed circuit board (PCB) (PCB) and lithographic plate.Representative way is that alkali-soluble polymer and light absorber and other components dissolved are obtained light-sensitive composition in suitable solvent, and light-sensitive composition is coated with on the substrate, and drying and/or slaking then makes it form thin film.When using suitable source of radiation or particle beam to shine, be irradiated to the film of scope and have different attributes with the film that is not irradiated to scope.Compare with the film that is not irradiated to scope, the solubleness of film in alkaline solution that is irradiated to scope changes.This method is a kind of method of making lithographic plate of using at most at present.The sensitive layer of traditional PS lithographic plate mainly comprises O-naphthoquinones disazo compound and alkali soluble resin, and the solubleness of alkali soluble resin in alkaline solution is subjected to the inhibition of O-naphthoquinones disazo compound.Under ultraviolet light radiation, O-naphthoquinones disazo compound resolves into the indenes carboxylic acid with photochemistry, causes resistance dissolubility forfeiture recited above, thereby causes the solvability of sensitive layer in alkali lye obviously to improve.
When preparation traditional PS lithographic plate, using maximum alkali soluble resins at present is resol.Because the resol chemical resistance is relatively poor, low chemical resistance has seriously influenced the compatibility of the chemical that press plate and some printing process must use, and then the functions of use of reduction press plate.In the videograph process of positive lithographic plate, improving film-remaining ratio is an important challenge.Cause the low major cause of film-remaining ratio still because the serious dissolving of unexposed portion in developing solution.In order to improve film-remaining ratio, people must utilize exposure carefully and do not have exposed portion to the recently intensity and the development time of balance developing solution.
Obviously, have only the exploitation a kind of chemical resistance preferably alkali soluble resin prepare lithographic plate, just can make lithographic plate have better chemical resistance and higher film-remaining ratio.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of alkali-soluble polymer that is applied to prepare light-sensitive composition and imaging element and printing heat-sensitive lithographic printing planography, this alkali-soluble polymer is obtained by radical polymerization and other polymerization process by vinyl monomer.Prepared positive heat-sensitive planographic plate has good chemical resistance, advantages of good abrasion and highly sensitive, low film loss rate and wide development degree.
The concrete technical scheme that the present invention adopts is as follows:
A kind of alkali-soluble polymer is characterized in that: described polymkeric substance contains vinyl monomer and obtains by radical polymerization and other polymerization process, wherein contain-COOH is expressed as follows with the structural formula of the vinyl monomer of-two kinds of functional groups of CONH-R:
HOOC-C=C-CONH-R
R represents to have phenolic group, the functional group of hydroxyl or carboxyl.
The molecular-weight average that vinyl polymerization body of the present invention has is 1000-100,000, be particularly suitable for being 5000-50, and 000, molecular weight dispersity is 1.1-10.
The quality of vinyl monomer in the vinyl polymerization body that contains two kinds of functional groups of the present invention is 10%-100% than content, is preferably 20%-70%, is particularly suitable for being 25%-50%.Can contain unreacted monomer in the vinyl polymerization body, the quality of these monomers in the vinyl polymerization body, is preferably in below 1% below 5% than content.
Polymer of the present invention also comprises other one or more vinyl monomers, mainly comprises following a few class:
(methyl) esters of acrylic acid comprises: (methyl) methyl acrylate, Jia Jibingxisuanyizhi, 2-chloroethyl (methyl) acrylate, hydroxyethyl (methyl) acrylate, (methyl) acrylate glyceryl ester, (methyl) phenyl acrylate, (methyl) vinylformic acid benzene methyl;
Vinyl cyanide comprises: methacrylonitrile, vinyl cyanide;
(methyl) acrylic amide comprises: N, N-dimethyl (methyl) acrylamide, N-hydroxyethyl (methyl) acrylamide, N-(right-hydroxybenzene) (methyl) acrylamide, N-hexyl (methyl) acrylamide, N-phenyl (methyl) acrylamide;
Styrenic comprises: vinylbenzene, vinyl toluene, dimethyl styrene, 1-chloro-4-methyl-benzene, ethoxyl methyl vinylbenzene, hydroxy styrenes, chloro-styrene;
Vinyl esters comprises: vinyl acetate, hylene butyric acid ester, vinyl acetate, ethene chloracetate, vinyl methoxyacetic acid ester, ethene phenylacetate, vinyl benzoic acid ester;
Vinyl ethers comprises: ethylene methacrylic ether, ethyl vinyl ether, propyl vinyl ether, butyl vinyl ether, octyl group Vinyl Ether, methoxy-ethylene ether, vinyl ethyl ether ether, hydroxyethyl Vinyl Ether;
Unsaturated acid imide comprises: maleimide, N-acryl acrylamide, N-acetylmethyl acrylamide;
Unsaturated acids comprises: vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic anhydride, methylene-succinic acid;
Above monomer is preferred: vinylformic acid, methacrylic acid, methacrylonitrile, vinyl cyanide, methyl methacrylate, methyl acrylate or N,N-DMAA.
Alkali-soluble polymer of the present invention is to make by the homopolymerization of vinyl monomer with the copolymerization of other vinyl monomer, and method comprises known radical polymerization, anionoid polymerization, cationoid polymerisation, graft copolymerization, block copolymerization, random copolymerization, letex polymerization, suspension polymerization, precipitation polymerization or mass polymerization.
In Raolical polymerizable, available radical initiator comprises: superoxide such as dibenzoyl peroxide; Azo-compound such as Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate; Oxidation-reduction system such as dibenzoyl peroxide/N, accelerine and photolysis compound such as benzophenone.
In anionic polymerisation, available anionic initiator comprises: basic metal alkylate such as sodium alkyl, lithium alkylide; Metal amine compound such as potassium amide; Contain the anionic compound of alcoxyl such as sodium methylate and Lewis base.
In cationic polymerization, available cationic initiator comprises: protonic acid such as phosphoric acid, sulfuric acid; Lewis acid such as aluminum chloride, zinc chloride; Carbonium ion salt such as trityl carbonium ion; Halogen such as iodine and cation light initiator.
The required solvent of described polyreaction is selected acetone, butanone, pimelinketone, toluene, dimethylbenzene, methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropylcarbinol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, N, dinethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N-Methyl pyrrolidone or phenylcarbinol.Above solvent can use separately also and can two or more mixing use.
The temperature of described polyreaction is 80~250 ℃, preferred 20~120 ℃, and preferred especially 50~100 ℃.
After polyreaction of the present invention finished, products therefrom can reclaim by the method for filtering-depositing.Water and alcohol are precipitation agents preferably.Reclaim the polymkeric substance that obtains and under 0~200 ℃, carry out drying, preferred 50~120 ℃, preferred especially 50~100 ℃.
The positive heat-sensitive planographic plate that is made by alkali-soluble polymer of the present invention has good chemical resistance, advantages of good abrasion and highly sensitive, low film loss rate and wide development degree.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1: vinyl monomer (HOOC-C=C-CONH-R, R=phenol) synthetic
Take by weighing 49 gram MALEIC ANHYDRIDE respectively and be dissolved in 125 milliliters of acetone, 86 gram p-aminophenol are dissolved in 400 milliliters of acetone, the maleic acid anhydride solution is poured in the glass reactor, and reactor placed on the ice bath, then the p-aminophenyl phenol solution is dropwise joined in the glass reactor, until adding.After treating reinforced finishing, the gained mixed solution is placed under the room temperature again and stirred 24 hours, filter then, vacuum-drying promptly gets the vinyl monomer finished product.
Embodiment 2: vinyl polymerization body A's is synthetic
60 milliliters of ethanol, 140 milliliters of propylene glycol monomethyl ethers are added in 500 milliliters of round bottom glass reaction bottles, agitator, thermometer, nitrogen inlet and reflux exchanger are housed on the glass reaction bottle.Take by weighing vinyl monomer prepared in the synthetic illustration 1 of 4 grams, 16 gram vinylbenzene, 3 gram vinyl cyanide then respectively and add in the reaction flasks, under the normal temperature after the stirring and dissolving.Again 1 gram Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiator is added reaction flask, stirred 12 hours down at 80 ℃ then.After the cooling mixed solution is poured in the water, through precipitation, filter after, with products therefrom vinyl polymerization body A with methanol wash twice, and in 40 ℃ temperature condition dry 2 days down.
Embodiment 3: vinyl polymerization body B's is synthetic
174 milliliters of ethanol, 116 milliliters of propylene glycol monomethyl ethers are added in 500 milliliters of round bottom glass reaction bottles, agitator, thermometer, nitrogen inlet and reflux exchanger are housed on the glass reaction bottle.The vinyl monomer, 30 gram vinylbenzene, 4 gram methacrylic acids and the 34 gram methyl methacrylates that take by weighing preparation in the synthetic illustration 1 of 55 grams then respectively add in the reaction flask, under the normal temperature after the stirring and dissolving, again 0.8 gram Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiator is added reaction flask, stirred 12 hours down at 80 ℃ then.After the cooling mixed solution is poured in the water, through precipitation, filter after, with products therefrom vinyl polymerization body B with methanol wash twice, and in 40 ℃ temperature condition dry 2 days down.
Embodiment 4: vinyl polymerization body C's is synthetic
125 milliliters of ethanol, 190 milliliters of propylene glycol monomethyl ethers are added in 500 milliliters of round bottom glass reaction bottles, agitator, thermometer, nitrogen inlet and reflux exchanger are housed on the glass reaction bottle.The vinyl monomer, 22 gram vinylbenzene, 3.6 gram N-(2-hydroxyethyl) Methacrylamides and the 34 gram methyl methacrylates that take by weighing preparation in the synthetic illustration 1 of 6.4 grams then respectively add in the reaction flask, under the normal temperature after the stirring and dissolving, again 0.35 gram Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiator is added reaction flask, stirred 12 hours down at 80 ℃ then.After the cooling mixed solution is poured in the water, through precipitation, filter after, with products therefrom vinyl polymerization body C with methanol wash twice, and in 40 ℃ temperature condition dry 2 days down.
Embodiment 5: vinyl polymerization body D's is synthetic
57 milliliters of ethanol, 38 milliliters of propylene glycol monomethyl ethers are added in 500 milliliters of round bottom glass reaction bottles, agitator, thermometer, nitrogen inlet and reflux exchanger are housed on the glass reaction bottle.The vinyl monomer, 11.5 gram vinylbenzene and the 12.7 gram methyl methacrylates that take by weighing preparation in the synthetic illustration 1 of 15 grams then respectively add in the reaction flask, under the normal temperature after the stirring and dissolving, again 0.16 gram Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiator is added reaction flask, stirred 12 hours down at 80 ℃ then.After the cooling mixed solution is poured in the water, through precipitation, filter after, with products therefrom vinyl polymerization body D with methanol wash twice, and in 40 ℃ temperature condition dry 2 days down.
Embodiment 6: vinyl polymerization body E's is synthetic
57 milliliters of ethanol, 38 milliliters of propylene glycol monomethyl ethers are added in 500 milliliters of round bottom glass reaction bottles, agitator, thermometer, nitrogen inlet and reflux exchanger are housed on the glass reaction bottle.The vinyl monomer, 8.3 gram vinylbenzene and the 12 gram Jia Jibingxisuanyizhis that take by weighing preparation in the synthetic illustration 1 of 15 grams then respectively add in the reaction flask, under the normal temperature after the stirring and dissolving, again 0.13 gram Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiator is added reaction flask, stirred 12 hours down at 80 ℃ then.After the cooling mixed solution is poured in the water, through precipitation, filter after, with products therefrom vinyl polymerization body E with methanol wash twice, and in 40 ℃ temperature condition dry 2 days down.
Embodiment 7: vinyl polymerization body F's is synthetic
57 milliliters of ethanol, 38 milliliters of propylene glycol monomethyl ethers are added in 500 milliliters of round bottom glass reaction bottles, agitator, thermometer, nitrogen inlet and reflux exchanger are housed on the glass reaction bottle.The vinyl monomer, 8.3 gram vinylbenzene and the 15 gram Jia Jibingxisuanyizhis that take by weighing preparation in the synthetic illustration 1 of 15 grams then respectively add in the reaction flask, under the normal temperature after the stirring and dissolving, again 0.13 gram Diisopropyl azodicarboxylate initiator is added reaction flask, stirred 12 hours down at 80 ℃ then.After the cooling mixed solution is poured in the water, through precipitation, filter after, with products therefrom vinyl polymerization body F with methanol wash twice, and in 40 ℃ temperature condition dry 2 days down.
Embodiment 8: solubleness conditioning agent A's is synthetic
1) in 600 milliliters of glass beakers, 50 gram resol is dissolved under stirring in the 325 gram acetone, then gained solution is cooled to 10 ℃, add 30 gram p-methyl benzene sulfonic chlorides again, the dissolving back slowly adds 14.77 gram triethylamines, in 10 ℃ of following stirring reactions 1 hour, add 1.36 gram acetate again, got intermediate product in 1 hour in 10 ℃ of following stirring reactions;
2) 3 kg of ice and 3 kg water are placed 7.5 liters glass beaker, in stirring down 5 gram acetate are joined in ice-water mixture, then prepared intermediate product is equally divided into 4 parts by 25% weight ratio, 1 part that gets wherein slowly adds in the ice-water mixture under stirring, obtains 1 part of solubleness conditioning agent A through precipitation, filtration and drying.Above step triplicate obtains 4 parts of totally 78 gram solubleness conditioning agent A respectively.
Embodiment 9: solubleness conditioning agent B's is synthetic
1) in 600 milliliters of glass beakers, 50 gram resol is dissolved under stirring in the 325 gram acetone, then gained solution is cooled to 10 ℃, add 15 gram p-methyl benzene sulfonic chlorides again, the dissolving back slowly adds 7.34 gram triethylamines, in 10 ℃ of following stirring reactions 1 hour, add 1.36 gram acetate again, got intermediate product in 1 hour in 10 ℃ of following stirring reactions;
2) 3 kg of ice and 3 kg water are placed 7.5 liters glass beaker, in stirring down 5 gram acetate are joined in ice-water mixture, then prepared intermediate product is equally divided into 4 parts by 25% weight ratio, 1 part that gets wherein slowly adds in the ice-water mixture under stirring, obtains 1 part of solubleness conditioning agent A through precipitation, filtration and drying.Above step triplicate obtains 4 parts of totally 78 gram solubleness conditioning agent A respectively.
Embodiment 10: chemical resistance simultaneous test 1
The light-sensitive composition rotary coating that to make by following weight proportion on the anodised aluminium substrate surface, in 110 ℃ baking oven dry 5 minutes, obtain book film dry weight and be 1.6 grams/square metre.
Polymer 9.8 grams
Infrared dyes ADS830A 0.1 gram
Victoria's pure blue B OH 0.1 gram
Methylethylketone 10 grams
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 80 grams
The test of chemical resistance is carried out in following three kinds of mixing solutionss: mixing solutions one: concentration of volume percent is 80% DAA (diketone alcohol) aqueous solution; Mixing solutions two: concentration of volume percent is 80% the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether aqueous solution; Mixing solutions three: concentration of volume percent is 80% isopropanol water solution.Coating is by the corrosive time sees Table 1 fully:
Table 1: chemical resistance comparative test result
The contained polymer of composition 80% diketone spirituous solution 80% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether solution 80% aqueous isopropanol
Resol PF6564LB 20 seconds 15 seconds 15 seconds
Resol 0744LB01 25 seconds 20 seconds 15 seconds
Resol 6866LB02 25 seconds 20 seconds 30 seconds
Vinyl polymerization body A 74 minutes 190 minutes >60 minutes
Vinyl polymerization body B 105 seconds 60 seconds 100 seconds
Vinyl polymerization body C 225 seconds 85 seconds 900 seconds
Vinyl polymerization body D 90 seconds 120 seconds 960 seconds
Vinyl polymerization body E 370 seconds 65 seconds 530 seconds
Vinyl polymerization body F 185 seconds 45 seconds 765 seconds
The result shows: the composition that contains vinyl polymerization body of the present invention contains the composition of common alkali soluble polymeric body resol, has significant advantage on chemical resistance.
Embodiment 11: chemical resistance simultaneous test 2
The light-sensitive composition rotary coating that to make by following weight proportion on the anodised aluminium substrate surface, in 110 ℃ baking oven dry 5 minutes, obtain book film dry weight and be 1.6 grams/square metre.
Polymer 6.3 grams
Solubleness conditioning agent A 3.5 grams
Infrared dyes ADS830A 0.1 gram
Victoria's pure blue B OH 0.1 gram
Methylethylketone 10 grams
Propylene glycol monomethyl ether 80 grams
The test of chemical resistance is carried out in following three kinds of mixing solutionss: mixing solutions one: concentration of volume percent is 80% DAA (diketone alcohol) aqueous solution; Mixing solutions two: concentration of volume percent is 80% the ethylene glycol monobutyl ether aqueous solution; Mixing solutions three: concentration of volume percent is 80% isopropanol water solution.Coating is by the corrosive time sees Table 2 fully:
Table 2: chemical resistance comparative test result
The contained polymer of composition 80% diketone spirituous solution 80% ethylene glycol monobutyl ether solution 80% aqueous isopropanol
Resol PF6564LB 30 seconds 35 seconds 15 seconds
Resol 0744LB01 40 seconds 30 seconds 20 seconds
Resol 6866LB02 55 seconds 20 seconds 20 seconds
Special vinyl polymerization body A 225 seconds 110 seconds >65 minutes
Special vinyl polymerization body B 110 seconds 35 seconds 225 seconds
Special vinyl polymerization body C 255 seconds 55 seconds >>10 minutes
Special vinyl polymerization body D 235 seconds 75 seconds >>10 minutes
Special vinyl polymerization body E 135 seconds 50 seconds >>10 minutes
Special vinyl polymerization body F 95 seconds 60 seconds >>10 minutes
The result shows: the composition that contains vinyl polymerization body of the present invention contains the composition of common alkali soluble polymeric body resol, has significant advantage on chemical resistance.

Claims (10)

1. alkali-soluble polymer is characterized in that: described polymkeric substance contains vinyl monomer and obtains by radical polymerization and other polymerization process, wherein contain-COOH is expressed as follows with the structural formula of the vinyl monomer of-two kinds of functional groups of CONH-R:
HOOC-C=C-CONH-R
R represents to have phenolic group, the functional group of hydroxyl or carboxyl.
2. alkali-soluble polymer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the quality of the vinyl monomer of described two kinds of functional groups in the vinyl polymerization body is 10%-100% than content.
3. alkali-soluble polymer according to claim 1 and 2 is characterized in that: the quality of the vinyl monomer of described two kinds of functional groups in the vinyl polymerization body is 20%-70% than content.
4. alkali-soluble polymer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: the molecular-weight average that described vinyl polymerization body has is 1000-100,000.
5. according to claim 1 or 4 described alkali-soluble polymers, it is characterized in that: the molecular-weight average that described vinyl polymerization body has is 5000-50,000.
6. alkali-soluble polymer according to claim 5 is characterized in that: the dispersity of the molecular weight that described vinyl polymerization body has is 1.1-10.
7. alkali-soluble polymer according to claim 1 is characterized in that: can also comprise other one or more vinyl monomers in this polymkeric substance, mainly comprise following a few class:
(methyl) esters of acrylic acid, vinyl cyanide, (methyl) acrylic amide, styrenic, vinyl esters, vinyl ethers, unsaturated acid imide, unsaturated acids.
8. alkali-soluble polymer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the required solvent of described polyreaction is selected acetone, butanone, pimelinketone, toluene, dimethylbenzene, methyl alcohol, ethanol, propyl alcohol, propyl alcohol, isopropylcarbinol, tetrahydrofuran (THF), ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, propylene glycol monomethyl ether, N, dinethylformamide, N,N-dimethylacetamide, ethyl acetate, dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), N-Methyl pyrrolidone or phenylcarbinol.Above solvent can use separately also and can two or more mixing use.
9. the preparation method of alkali-soluble polymer according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: vinyl monomer is after finishing polyreaction under 0~250 ℃ the temperature condition, products therefrom is deposited in water or the alcohol, and the polymkeric substance that will reclaim gained after filtering again is in 10~200 ℃ of dry down products that get.
10. the preparation method of alkali-soluble polymer according to claim 8 is characterized in that: described vinyl polymerization reaction comprises radical polymerization, anionoid polymerization, cationoid polymerisation, graft copolymerization, block copolymerization, random copolymerization, letex polymerization, suspension polymerization, precipitation polymerization or mass polymerization.
CNA2006101681049A 2006-08-11 2006-12-15 Alkali-soluble polymer and its preparation method Pending CN101121762A (en)

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CNA2006101681068A Pending CN101122741A (en) 2006-08-11 2006-12-15 Photosensitive composition and imaging element comprising vinyl polymer
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