CN101107368A - Gas quenching cell for steel parts - Google Patents
Gas quenching cell for steel parts Download PDFInfo
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- CN101107368A CN101107368A CNA2006800024423A CN200680002442A CN101107368A CN 101107368 A CN101107368 A CN 101107368A CN A2006800024423 A CNA2006800024423 A CN A2006800024423A CN 200680002442 A CN200680002442 A CN 200680002442A CN 101107368 A CN101107368 A CN 101107368A
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- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 139
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 131
- 229910000831 Steel Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 239000010959 steel Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 18
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 49
- 239000012809 cooling fluid Substances 0.000 claims description 43
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 19
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000013019 agitation Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 81
- 229910000734 martensite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 15
- 229910001566 austenite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 230000014509 gene expression Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 7
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 description 5
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 description 4
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Argon Chemical compound [Ar] XKRFYHLGVUSROY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon dioxide Chemical compound O=C=O CURLTUGMZLYLDI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 2
- 235000011089 carbon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012530 fluid Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000001307 helium Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052734 helium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N helium atom Chemical compound [He] SWQJXJOGLNCZEY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000000137 annealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052786 argon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001563 bainite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004744 fabric Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitrogen(.) Chemical compound [N] QJGQUHMNIGDVPM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000019362 perlite Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000010451 perlite Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910000658 steel phase Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005496 tempering Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000007669 thermal treatment Methods 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/62—Quenching devices
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/56—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering characterised by the quenching agents
- C21D1/613—Gases; Liquefied or solidified normally gaseous material
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D1/00—General methods or devices for heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering
- C21D1/74—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material
- C21D1/767—Methods of treatment in inert gas, controlled atmosphere, vacuum or pulverulent material with forced gas circulation; Reheating thereof
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D2241/00—Treatments in a special environment
- C21D2241/01—Treatments in a special environment under pressure
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C21—METALLURGY OF IRON
- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D9/00—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor
- C21D9/32—Heat treatment, e.g. annealing, hardening, quenching or tempering, adapted for particular articles; Furnaces therefor for gear wheels, worm wheels, or the like
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- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Materials Engineering (AREA)
- Thermal Sciences (AREA)
- Crystallography & Structural Chemistry (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Metallurgy (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Heat Treatment Of Articles (AREA)
- Heat Treatments In General, Especially Conveying And Cooling (AREA)
- Control Of Heat Treatment Processes (AREA)
- Furnace Details (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a method of quenching a steel load by flowing a gas around the load using a gas drive means. The gas drive means is controlled such that the gas flows around the load at a velocity that varies according to the velocity profile, at least one part of which comprises, successively, one stage at a first velocity (44) and one stage at a second velocity (46) which is greater than the first.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of gas quenching chamber that is used for steel part, especially a kind of steel part gas quenching method of in this quenching chamber, implementing.
Background technology
Steel part gas quenching method has many advantages than liquid hardening method, and the part of particularly handling still keeps dry and cleans.
The gas quenching that steel part carries out before in thermal treatment (heating before quenching, annealing, the tempering) generally carries out under high pressure gas environment, and pressure is usually between 4 to 20 crust.Quenching gas is such as being nitrogen, argon gas, helium, carbonic acid gas or its mixture.
Hardening step comprises steel part is cooled off fast that the temperature of steel part is normally between 750 ℃ to 1000 ℃.In this temperature range, steel mainly is rendered as austenitic structure, and this structure only at high temperature is stable.The hardening step that provides is provided fast austenite is changed into martensite, martensite has the high characteristic of hardness.Hardening step must be very fast, thereby can make all austenites be converted into martensite, and do not have other forms of steel phase structure, and as perlite or bainite, their hardness property is lower than martensite.
It generally is the motor of powered version that quenching chamber generally comprises at least one, and agitation elements is rotated, and for example screw-blade makes the quenching gas circulation in the quenching chamber.For the part that enters quenching chamber is cooled down fast, quenching gas circulation around part to be cooled usually in whole hardening step, cools down part with high as far as possible speed.
Therefore, be by the static quenching gas pressure in the assurance quenching chamber traditionally, and control motor and rotate, thereby make the quenching gas around the steel part that is cooled obtain largest loop speed, thereby finish this hardening step with maximum speed of revolution.
Though the above-mentioned gas quenching method can obtain to have the quenched part that makes us quite satisfied fatigue strength, but expectation provides a kind of gas quenching method that can further improve quench part fatigue strength.
In addition, although the above-mentioned gas quenching method can obtain the distortion situation than oil quenching method quench part still less, but expectation provides a kind of gas quenching method that can further reduce the quench part distortion.
Summary of the invention
The objective of the invention is to obtain a kind of gas quenching method and a kind of quenching chamber of implementing this method of steel part, have the quench part that has improved fatigue strength and/or reduced to be out of shape thereby provide.
Another object of the present invention is the quenching chamber that obtains to implement the quenching method according to the present invention, and the structure of this quenching chamber is changed very little with respect to traditional quenching chamber.
For this reason, the invention provides a kind of steel material quenching method, this method is to make under the driving of gas flow drive unit around the gas stream overload.Control this gas flow drive unit, make gas with around certain velocity flow overload, this speed changes according to velocity curve, and at least a portion of this curve comprises steady section with first speed and the steady section with second speed in order, and second speed is greater than first speed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, after the gas stream overload on every side, cooled off by interchanger, flowing in the interchanger has cooling fluid.When the temperature of cooling fluid reaches given ultimate temperature, control this drive unit and make gas change to steady section ground to flow through around the load with second speed from steady section with first speed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, the gas-static around load is lower than the steady section with second speed at the steady section with first speed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, after around the gas stream overload, cooled off by interchanger, flow in the interchanger cooling fluid is arranged, control this drive unit, gas is flowed around load according to a velocity curve, this velocity curve comprises first steady section with second speed, second steady section that has the steady section of first speed and have this second speed in order, has first steady section of second speed and the conversion that has between the steady section of first speed is finished during cooling fluid temperature increase state.
According to one embodiment of the invention, when the cooling fluid temperature surpasses a given ultimate value, control this drive unit and make gas be transformed into steady section, thereby flow through around the load with first speed from first steady section with second speed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, wherein when the cooling fluid temperature drops to a given extra ultimate value, control this drive unit and make gas be transformed into second steady section, thereby flow through around the load with second speed from steady section with first speed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, after predetermined amount of time of experience, control this drive unit and make gas be transformed into steady section, thereby flow through around the load with first speed from first steady section with second speed.
According to one embodiment of the invention, after around the gas stream overload, cooled off by interchanger, flow in the interchanger cooling fluid is arranged, controlling this drive unit makes gas flow around load according to a velocity curve, this velocity curve begins to comprise in order the steady section with first speed and the steady section with second speed from hardening step, has the steady section of first speed and has during conversion between the steady section of second speed occurs in the cooling fluid temperature and increase.
According to one embodiment of the invention, after predetermined amount of time of experience, control this drive unit and make gas be transformed into steady section, thereby around load, flow with second speed from steady section with first speed.
The present invention also provides a kind of gas quenching chamber of load, and this quenching chamber comprises by motor-driven agitation elements, and gas is flowed between load and interchanger.This quenching chamber comprises the device that can change the agitation elements actuating speed, gas is flowed around load with certain speed, this speed changes according to a velocity curve, and this curve comprises steady section that has first speed at least and the steady section with second speed bigger than first speed according to priority.
Description of drawings
Can inquire into aforementioned purpose of the present invention, characteristics and advantage and other below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the unrestricted description to embodiment, wherein:
Figure 1A and 1B illustrate two width of cloth figure according to the structure of gas quenching of the present invention chamber;
Fig. 2 is illustrated in the velocity variations of the quenching gas around the quenching chamber internal loading shown in Figure 1A, Figure 1B, and the cooling fluid temperature variation of the quenching chamber interchanger in traditional quenching method.
Fig. 3 is illustrated in first example of the quenching method according to the present invention, the velocity variations of the quenching gas around the load in the quenching chamber shown in Figure 1A, Figure 1B, and the cooling fluid temperature variation of this quenching chamber interchanger.
Fig. 4 illustrates according to traditional quenching method and handles and Figure 1A, the load surrounding temperature in the quenching chamber shown in Figure 1B of first example process of quenching method changes according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is illustrated in second example of the quenching method according to the present invention, the velocity variations of quenching gas and the cooling fluid temperature variation of this quenching chamber interchanger around the load in the quenching chamber shown in Figure 1A, Figure 1B.
Fig. 6 is illustrated in the 3rd example of the quenching method according to the present invention, the velocity variations of quenching gas and the cooling fluid temperature variation of this quenching chamber interchanger around the load in the quenching chamber shown in Figure 1A, Figure 1B.
Specifically describe
Figure 1A and 1B are the side cross-sectional, view and the elevational sectional view of the gas quenching chamber of adopting according to the present invention.This quenching chamber comprises the general cylinder with transverse axis or the shell 10 of parallelepiped.The one end sealing of quenching chamber, and the other end comprises a gate system 12, thus its passage that is provided to quenching chamber allows the load 14 that will accept to handle put into quenching chamber or therefrom taking-up.Certainly, door 12 can be closed quenching chamber closely.Load 14 is placed on the plate 16 at quenching chamber center substantially.
Quenching chamber top is provided with two external motors 18 with Z-axis, mutually near be placed in quenching chamber vertically on.Motor drives the agitation elements 20 in the quenching chamber respectively.As example, motor 18 is electric motor.
Shown in Figure 1B, quenching chamber is provided with interchanger 22, is arranged on the horizontal plane on load 14 any one side.Interchanger 22 comprise the cooling fluid circulating line and can cooling flow through the quenching gas of described pipeline.Arrange a guide plate 24 between interchanger 22 and the load 14, be connected, be used for guiding the air-flow that between load 14 and interchanger 22, produces by whipping appts with whipping appts 20.In this structure, quenching gas flows downward through the overload 14 and the interchanger 22 of upwards flowing through.As example, agitation elements 20 is turbine or blower fan.Quenching gas for example is the mixture of nitrogen or carbonic acid gas and helium.
Present invention resides in the hardening step quenching gas speed of circulation around the regulating load controllably 14.For this reason, quenching chamber 18 is furnished with speed change system.As example, the frequency transformer by electric motor can make velocity variations.At motor 18 is under the situation of oil motor, and the fuel feeding speed change system of motor 18 can be provided.
According to the present invention, mobile quenching gas velocity curve can obtain near the characteristic parameter of the medial temperature expression load 14 around the load 14.Cooling fluid temperature around characteristic parameter exports corresponding to interchanger 22, in other words, when the cooling fluid temperature that flows through interchanger 22 is the highest.In fact, the cooling fluid temperature variation curve of expression interchanger 22 outlets has from the feature of the energy of load 14 acquisitions.
Fig. 2 illustrates the principle of the cooling fluid temperature of selection heat exchanger exit as the characteristic parameter that changes the quenching gas speed of circulation.Fig. 2 illustrates near traditional embodiment of quenching gas speed change curves 26 load 14, and wherein the quenching gas flow velocity is a steady state value and corresponding to the maximum capacity of motor 18.Fig. 2 also illustrates the quench fluid temperature variation curve 30 of interchanger 22 outlets that draw this velocity curve.Curve 30 comprises a rising part 32, begins to descend at vertex 34, and be a sloping portion 36 thereupon.
This application has shows that the conversion of the austeno-martensite of steel load 14 occurs near the vertex 34 of curve 30 substantially.This application has shows, the temperature variation by restriction load 14 in the austeno-martensite conversion process can improve fatigue strength, makes the conversion of austeno-martensite can occur under the temperature of suitable homogeneous of load 14.
Fig. 3 illustrates curve 40 and curve 42, and the quenching gas velocity around the load 14 of curve 40 expressions quenching method first example according to the present invention changes, the temperature variation that the cooling fluid of curve 42 expression interchanger 22 changes with the quenching gas velocity curve.For ease of comparing, with dashed lines has reproduced the cooling fluid temperature variation curve 30 when quenching gas flows with top speed in whole quenching technology.
First quenching method according to the present invention comprises control motor 18, make quenching gas flow velocity around the load 14 corresponding to the first top speed steady section 42 and keep for some time T1, corresponding to intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 44 and keep for some time T2, then corresponding to the second top speed steady section 46, till hardening step finishes.As example, at steady section 44, control motor 18 makes the quenching gas flow velocity descend 30 to 60% with respect to top speed.At first steady section 42, cooling fluid temperature variation curve 42 comprises the ascent stage 48 that changes with curve 30 substantially.At intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 44, the cooling fluid temperature tends towards stability, and curve 40 comprises the very little part of variation 50 like this.At the second top speed steady section 46, curve 42 changes with downcomer 52.
When the cooling fluid temperature reaches the first given ultimate temperature, carry out conversion from the first top speed steady section 42 to intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 44, this ultimate temperature is corresponding to a temperature a little less than curve 30 vertexs 34.Therefore, it is exactly that load 14 begins to transform required cooling fluid temperature to martensite from austenite basically.When the cooling fluid temperature when changing very little part 50 and be reduced to the second prescribed limit temperature, such as equaling the first prescribed limit temperature, this temperature is also represented the end that load 14 transforms to martensite from austenite, carries out from the conversion of middle speed steady section 44 to the second top speed steady section 46.
Then fully the quenching gas flow velocity finish under less than peaked state load 14 from austenite to martensitic conversion.Advantageously, intermediate speed of neutrons is adjusted to the heat of interchanger 22 withdrawals and the corresponding temperature value of heat that load 14 discharges between the martensite transition phase at austenite, this conversion is thermopositive reaction.Then, between the martensite transition phase, the temperature of load 14 remains on the temperature value of a substantially constant and homogeneous at the whole austenite of whole load 14.In the practice, during part 50, intermediate speed of neutrons is set in the temperature as far as possible on the constant numerical value that makes cooling fluid.
In first example of embodiment, for whole hardening step, the static pressure of quenching gas can maintain on the steady state value between the 4-20 crust.Replace example according to one of first embodiment, by utilization intermediate speed of neutrons steady section, the quenching gas static pressure in the quenching chamber can be reduced to 30% to 80% of quenching gas static pressure during the first and second top speed steady sections.In conjunction with middle quenching gas speed, can control the austenite heat energy that load 14 is regained between the martensite transition phase like this.
Fig. 4 illustrates two temperature variation curves 54 that obtain around the sensing lead 14,56, this measurement is during the hardening step of load 14, keeps constant and maximum traditional quenching method with the quenching gas velocity respectively and first example of quenching method obtains according to the present invention.More specifically, curve 56 obtains like this, and the period T1 that adopts the first top speed steady section 42 is 50 seconds, and the period T2 of intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 44 is 310 seconds.In this example, intermediate speed of neutrons is 30% of a top speed.During the first and second top speed steady sections 42,46, for the quenching gas static pressure of nitrogen is 16 crust, during intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 44 2 crust in this example.After should be noted that 50 seconds, curve 56 is slower than curve 54 declines.To between martensitic transition phase, therefore the temperature variation of load 14 is restricted at austenite.
The applicant represents that the fatigue strength of the part load 14 that quenching method first example is quenched according to the present invention is improved.A kind of explanation is change under the limited temperature because austenite occurs in to martensitic conversion, so the internal mechanical stresses of load 14 to be very little, has improved fatigue strength thus.
As example, with the low-pressure carburization method load 14 of being made by 27MnCr5 shaped steel is handled, this application has shows that fatigue strength improves, with respect to cold oil quench (oily temperature is 60 ℃) or (16 crust) and the quenching of maximum quenching gas flow velocity nitrogen under constant pressure, improved 20%.
First and second ultimate temperatures depend on many parameters, especially constitute the kind of the steel of load 14, and the heat exchange surface of load 14 and quenching gas.The first and second limit system temperature can be by quenching to load 14 under maximum gas flow rate, and are definite to determine the shown in Figure 2 curve 30 relevant with load 14.Then, first and second ultimate temperatures are corresponding with the given per-cent of the maximum temperature of curve 30.By providing a temperature sensor and be connected with the microcontroller that can control motor 18 around interchanger 22 outlets, first example of the inventive method can be used in the load of same pattern.When the cooling fluid temperature surpasses first ultimate temperature and is reduced to when being lower than second ultimate temperature, carry out from the first top speed steady section 42 to intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 44 respectively and from of the conversion of middle speed steady section 44 to the second top speed steady section 46.According to another distortion, can determine that from curve 30 the cooling fluid temperature reaches the required time period T1 of first ultimate temperature.So, in routine operation, need not to finish automatically from the first top speed steady section 42 to the conversion of intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 44 at interchanger 22 placed around temperature sensors at the last of period T1.Then, occur in the last of period T2 from middle speed steady section 44 automatically to the conversion of the second top speed steady section 46, this period for example can rule of thumb be determined.
According to a kind of distortion of first embodiment, even the cooling fluid temperature has been reduced under second ultimate temperature of as above determining, this temperature still keeps intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 44 constant near the very little part 50 of distortion.Occur over just than by a top definite longer period of period T2 to the conversion of the second top speed steady section 46 from middle speed steady section 44.In the distortion of this first embodiment, the downcomer of curve 42 after changing very little part 50, the absolute value of its slope is less than the slope of downcomer 52 shown in Figure 3, and changes very with this that extra section of small portion becomes.As an example, in the distortion of first embodiment, when the temperature of cooling fluid drops to when being lower than a definite ultimate temperature, this ultimate temperature is corresponding to downcomer and change conversion between the extra section of very little part, also can finish from the conversion of middle speed steady section 44 to the second top speed steady section 46.
The applicant shows, with respect to the period T2 relevant with first embodiment that is defined as above, prolongs the period of intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 44 experience, can improve the elasticity of the load part 14 that the distortion of quenching method first embodiment according to the present invention quenches.Elastic this raising is such as can (" Charpy Test " shows by charpy test.For example, with multiply by a coefficient according to the period T2 that as above determines relevant with first embodiment, this coefficient is greater than 4, and the application will find elasticity has been improved more than 20%.
The present invention also provides second example of the quenching method of load 14, and this method can reduce the distortion of load 14 during hardening step, the especially local deformaton that is had when described load comprises the complicated shape part.The aligning step that will be provided with for quench part after this will limit and/or simplify quenches before to the design procedure of part shape.
Fig. 5 illustrates curve 58 and curve 60, the cooling fluid temperature variation of the interchanger 22 that the variation of quenching gas flow velocity around the load 14 in second example of curve 58 expression quenching method according to the present invention, curve 60 expressions obtain according to this quenching gas velocity curve.Compare, quench fluid temperature variation curve 30 is with the temperature curve of top speed mobile quenching gas in whole hardening step process.
Second embodiment of quenching method of the present invention comprises the control to motor 18, therefore, quenching gas flow velocity around the load 14 can be fully corresponding to the first intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 62 during T1 ', and finish up to hardening step with the second top speed steady section 64 is corresponding.As example, in intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 62, control motor 18 makes quenching gas speed change between the 0%-70% of top speed.During steady section 62, cooling fluid temperature variation curve 60 comprises an ascent stage 66, and it is lower slightly than the ascent stage 32 of curve 30.Slow when therefore the speed that rises of cooling fluid temperature is more maximum than quenching velocity.In top speed steady section 64, ascent stages 66 raise and peak 68 and continue to change along downcomer 70.According to the total duration of hardening step, the T1 ' period can keep 5 to 30 seconds.In addition, the T1 ' period for example can rule of thumb be determined.
At T1 ' in the period, the speed of the speed of cooling of load 14 during than maximum quenching gas flow velocity is little.Because cooling slowly, so the distortion of load 14 just can fully reduce.In the moment that the T1 ' period finishes,, therefore improved the machinery inertial of load 14 because load cools down.The raising of machinery inertial has limited load 14 distortion when the quenching gas flow velocity increases once more subsequently.When hardening step, because load 14 is to carry out refrigerative under maximum quenching gas velocity, this cooling is to finish under load has obtained enough machinery inertials and therefore resisted than the situation of being out of shape big resistance, therefore the local deformaton of having reduced load 14 fully.
In second example of embodiment, the static pressure of quenching gas can remain unchanged during whole hardening step.According to an alternative example, from middle speed steady section 62 between the transition phase of top speed steady section 64, can improve the static pressure of quenching gas.Static pressure can be brought up to 2 to 5 times of original pressure, such as a force value that reaches between the 4-20.
As example, have the load 14 that 15CrM6 shaped steel is made the wheel of spiral tooth for comprising, the applicant show with the hand of spiral vertical plane on reduced distortion around the spiral tooth, may reach and be about 45% of hot oil quenching (oil temperature 180 degree), and be about 30% of under maximum quenching gas flow velocity gas quenching.
The present invention also provides the 3rd example of load 14 quenching method, corresponding to the combination of two foregoing example of embodiment.The 3rd example of embodiment can improve the fatigue strength of the part that forms load, reduces to form the distortion of the part of load 14.
Fig. 6 illustrates curve 72 and curve 74, the temperature variation of the cooling fluid of the interchanger 22 that the variation of the quenching gas flow velocity around the load 14 in the 3rd example of curve 72 expression quenching method according to the present invention, curve 74 expressions obtain from this quenching gas velocity curve.As a comparison, cooling fluid variation of temperature curve 30 dots, be in the whole hardening step with the curve of top speed mobile quenching gas.
The 3rd example of quenching method embodiment of the present invention comprises control motor 18, thereby near the quenching gas flow velocity the load 14 is in succession at period T1 " corresponding with intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 76; at period T2 " corresponding with top speed steady section 78, at period T3 " corresponding with intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 80, corresponding with top speed steady section 82 when hardening step finishes.As example, during intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 76, control motor 18 make the quenching gas flow velocity top speed 0% to 70% between change, at intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 80, the quenching gas velocity top speed 40% to 70% between change.
In steady section 76, cooling fluid variation of temperature curve 74 was made up of the ascent stage 84, and this section is slightly less than the ascent stage 32 of curve 30.During top speed steady section 78, curve 74 was made up of the ascent stage 86, and this section is just much bigger than the variation of ascent stage 84.At intermediate speed of neutrons steady section 80, curve 74 is formed by changing very little steady section 88, and during top speed steady section 82, curve 74 is made up of downcomer 90.
Certainly, the present invention has various replacements, modification and improvement, and these are all expected to those skilled in the art easily.Particularly, quenching chamber can be different with previously described quenching chamber.Particularly, the axle of motor 18 can be horizontally disposed, and near the quenching air-flow basic horizontal the load 14 flows.In addition, quenching chamber can comprise the pipeline that constitutes quenching chamber outer closure loop, and interchanger 22 is inserted in the pipeline.
Claims (10)
1. steel material load (14) quenching method, this method is at gas flow drive unit (18,20) make under the driving around the gas stream overload, it is characterized in that, controlling this gas flow drive unit makes gas with around certain velocity flow overload, this speed changes according to velocity curve, and at least a portion of this curve comprises the steady section (44 with first speed in order; 62) and steady section (46 with second speed; 64), second speed is greater than first speed.
2. according to the process of claim 1 wherein, after the gas stream overload (14) on every side, cooled off by interchanger (22), flowing in the interchanger has cooling fluid, when the temperature of cooling fluid reaches given ultimate temperature, controls this drive unit and makes the steady section (44 of gas from having first speed; 62) change to steady section (46 with second speed; 64) flow through load (14) on every side.
3. according to the process of claim 1 wherein relative steady section (44 with second speed; 62) time, load (14) gas-static on every side has first speed (46; Reduced during 64) steady section.
4. according to the method for claim 1, after the wherein gas stream overload (14) on every side, cooled off by interchanger (22), flow in the interchanger cooling fluid is arranged, control this drive unit (18,20) gas is flowed around load according to a velocity curve, this velocity curve comprises first steady section (42) with second speed in order, have the steady section (44) of first speed and second steady section, have first steady section (46) of second speed and the conversion that has between the steady section of first speed is finished during cooling fluid temperature increase state with this second speed.
5. according to the method for claim 4, wherein when the cooling fluid temperature surpasses a given ultimate value, control this drive unit and make gas be transformed into steady section (44), thereby flow through load (14) on every side with first speed from first steady section (42) with second speed.
6. according to the method for claim 4, wherein when the cooling fluid temperature drops to a given extra ultimate value, control this drive unit and make gas be transformed into second steady section (46), thereby flow through load (14) on every side with second speed from steady section (44) with first speed.
7. according to the method for claim 4, wherein after predetermined amount of time of experience, control this drive unit and make gas be transformed into steady section (44), thereby flow through load (14) on every side with first speed from first steady section (42) with second speed.
8. according to the method for claim 1, after the wherein gas stream overload (14) on every side, cooled off by interchanger (22), flow in the interchanger cooling fluid is arranged, control this drive unit (18,20) gas is flowed around load according to a velocity curve, this velocity curve begins to comprise in order steady section (62) with first speed and the steady section (64) with second speed from hardening step, has the steady section of first speed and has during conversion between the steady section of second speed occurs in the cooling fluid temperature and increase.
9. method according to Claim 8 wherein after predetermined amount of time of experience, is controlled this drive unit and is made gas be transformed into the steady section (64) with second speed from the steady section (62) with first speed, thereby flows on every side in load (14).
10. the gas quenching chamber of a load (14), this quenching chamber comprises the agitation elements (20) that is driven by motor (18), gas is flowed between load and interchanger (22), comprise the device that can change the agitation elements actuating speed, gas is flowed around load with certain speed, this speed changes according to a velocity curve, and this curve comprises the steady section (44 that has first speed at least according to priority; 62) and steady section (46 with second speed bigger than first speed; 64).
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| FR0550134A FR2880898B1 (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2005-01-17 | GAS CUTTING CELL FOR STEEL PARTS |
| FR0550134 | 2005-01-17 |
Publications (1)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101107368A true CN101107368A (en) | 2008-01-16 |
Family
ID=34953723
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CNA2006800024423A Pending CN101107368A (en) | 2005-01-17 | 2006-01-16 | Gas quenching cell for steel parts |
Country Status (10)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US20060157169A1 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP1844169B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP5638737B2 (en) |
| KR (1) | KR20070099648A (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101107368A (en) |
| BR (1) | BRPI0606652B1 (en) |
| CA (1) | CA2595020A1 (en) |
| FR (1) | FR2880898B1 (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2007008652A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2006075120A1 (en) |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105765085A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2016-07-13 | 三菱日立电力系统株式会社 | Method for heat treatment of stainless member, and method for producing forged stainless product |
| CN112556426A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-26 | 江西科技学院 | Sintering furnace with gas-phase quenching function and quenching process thereof |
Families Citing this family (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| SE0801263L (en) * | 2007-05-29 | 2008-11-30 | Indexator Ab | Method & workpiece |
| JP4916545B2 (en) * | 2009-12-21 | 2012-04-11 | エジソンハード株式会社 | Heat treatment equipment |
| CN111575460B (en) * | 2020-07-02 | 2022-07-26 | 武汉轻工大学 | Heat treatment cooling device |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3224910A (en) * | 1963-02-18 | 1965-12-21 | Monsanto Co | Quenching process |
| DE3346884A1 (en) * | 1983-12-23 | 1985-07-11 | Ipsen Industries International Gmbh, 4190 Kleve | INDUSTRIAL STOVES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF METAL WORKPIECES |
| JPS63149313A (en) * | 1986-12-12 | 1988-06-22 | Daido Steel Co Ltd | Gas quenching furnace |
| DE4004295A1 (en) * | 1990-02-13 | 1991-08-14 | Karl Heess Gmbh & Co | METHOD AND DEVICE FOR HARDENING WORKPIECES BY MEANS OF PRESSING TOOLS |
| DE4135313A1 (en) * | 1991-10-25 | 1993-04-29 | Ipsen Ind Int Gmbh | METHOD FOR COOLING A WORKING PIECE BATCH WITHIN A HEAT TREATMENT PROCESS |
| JP3289949B2 (en) * | 1992-04-27 | 2002-06-10 | パーカー熱処理工業株式会社 | Closed circulation gas quenching device and gas quenching method |
| US5478985A (en) * | 1993-09-20 | 1995-12-26 | Surface Combustion, Inc. | Heat treat furnace with multi-bar high convective gas quench |
| JPH1081913A (en) * | 1996-09-06 | 1998-03-31 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Isothermal quenching apparatus by gas cooling |
| FR2779218B1 (en) * | 1998-05-29 | 2000-08-11 | Etudes Const Mecaniques | GAS QUENCHING CELL |
| JP2000129341A (en) * | 1998-10-20 | 2000-05-09 | Toyota Motor Corp | Low strain quenching method |
| GB9929956D0 (en) * | 1999-12-17 | 2000-02-09 | Boc Group Plc | Qenching heated metallic objects |
| DE10030046C1 (en) * | 2000-06-19 | 2001-09-13 | Ald Vacuum Techn Ag | Determining cooling action of a flowing gas atmosphere on a workpiece comprises using a measuring body arranged in a fixed position outside of the workpiece and heated to a prescribed starting temperature using a heater |
| JP2002249819A (en) * | 2001-02-22 | 2002-09-06 | Chugai Ro Co Ltd | Gas cooling method of metallic material |
-
2005
- 2005-01-17 FR FR0550134A patent/FR2880898B1/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2005-04-19 US US11/109,429 patent/US20060157169A1/en not_active Abandoned
-
2006
- 2006-01-16 BR BRPI0606652-6A patent/BRPI0606652B1/en active IP Right Grant
- 2006-01-16 CN CNA2006800024423A patent/CN101107368A/en active Pending
- 2006-01-16 MX MX2007008652A patent/MX2007008652A/en active IP Right Grant
- 2006-01-16 CA CA002595020A patent/CA2595020A1/en not_active Abandoned
- 2006-01-16 KR KR1020077018766A patent/KR20070099648A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2006-01-16 WO PCT/FR2006/050017 patent/WO2006075120A1/en active Application Filing
- 2006-01-16 EP EP06709405.2A patent/EP1844169B1/en active Active
- 2006-01-16 JP JP2007550823A patent/JP5638737B2/en active Active
Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105765085A (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2016-07-13 | 三菱日立电力系统株式会社 | Method for heat treatment of stainless member, and method for producing forged stainless product |
| CN105765085B (en) * | 2013-10-11 | 2018-10-02 | 三菱日立电力系统株式会社 | The heat treatment method of parts of stainless steel and the manufacturing method of stainless steel forged article |
| US10370734B2 (en) | 2013-10-11 | 2019-08-06 | Mitsubishi Hitachi Power Systems, Ltd. | Method for heat treatment of stainless member, and method for producing forged stainless product |
| CN112556426A (en) * | 2020-12-15 | 2021-03-26 | 江西科技学院 | Sintering furnace with gas-phase quenching function and quenching process thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2008527176A (en) | 2008-07-24 |
| EP1844169A1 (en) | 2007-10-17 |
| WO2006075120A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
| MX2007008652A (en) | 2007-10-18 |
| JP5638737B2 (en) | 2014-12-10 |
| CA2595020A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
| FR2880898B1 (en) | 2007-05-11 |
| KR20070099648A (en) | 2007-10-09 |
| US20060157169A1 (en) | 2006-07-20 |
| BRPI0606652A2 (en) | 2009-07-07 |
| FR2880898A1 (en) | 2006-07-21 |
| BRPI0606652B1 (en) | 2015-06-02 |
| EP1844169B1 (en) | 2019-04-24 |
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