CN101105232A - O-shaped ball valve discharge characteristic linearity method - Google Patents
O-shaped ball valve discharge characteristic linearity method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a linearization method for working flux line of O-shaped ball valve. The method comprises, according to the working process of O-shaped ball valve, obtaining respective values of rotation angle Theta (0-90 DEG) corresponding to the flow area A (Theta) using rated flow area A, pressure drop ratio of valve Delta and linear working flow characteristic F(Theta) by geometrical analysis, processing to through-holes on an O-shaped ball valve, and combining with the original O-shaped ball valve body and other related parts and an actuator capable of continuously driving to form a new O-shaped ball valve, which has linear or approximately linear working flow characteristic F(Theta), and then the system can be continuously regulated. The invention overcomes the disadvantages of the two-position type working flow characteristic of the original O-shaped ball valve, and retains the advantages of O-shaped ball valve, thereby enlarging the functions of O-shaped ball valve.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to an O-shaped ball valve, in particular to a method for linearizing flow characteristics of the O-shaped ball valve.
Background
The existing O-shaped ball valve consists of a main valve body, a valve seat, a ball body, a valve rod and the like. As shown in fig. 1. It has: the structure is compact, the weight is light, the volume is small, the assembly, disassembly and maintenance are convenient, the flow path is smooth, and the flow resistance is almost zero; the sealing valve seat is made of soft materials, has excellent sealing performance and even is cut off; the valve body is symmetrical, and the medium flow direction can be random (bidirectional); can well bear the temperature stress from the pipeline and other excellent performances. The method is commonly used for controlling high-viscosity medium with fibers and small particles, such as medium in transportation pipelines of petroleum, chemical engineering, papermaking, metallurgy, sewage treatment, oil tank trucks and the like. Because the working flow characteristic of the existing O-shaped ball valve is relay (on-off) characteristic, the control on the medium in the pipeline is only two-position action of switching off and switching on, thus limiting the exertion of the prior advantages and functions of the O-shaped ball valve.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a linearization method of O-shaped ball valve flow characteristic, which linearizes the O-shaped ball valve working flow characteristic and can greatly exert the existing superiority of the existing O-shaped ball valve.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is that the method comprises the following steps:
rotating the through hole on the ball body of the O-shaped ball valve around the z axis along with the ball body to enable the rotation angle to be 0-90 degrees, and correspondingly enabling the working process of the valve flow area formed by fully closing the valve to fully opening the valve;
the O-shaped ball valve is turned from full close to full open by the rotation angle theta of the ball body which is 90 degrees around the z-axis. The flow area of the ball is changed from minimum to maximum at a rotation angle of 0-90 degrees, and the flow area is formed by interaction of a circular pipeline and a through hole on the ball body;
according to the process, by geometric analysis, the following can be obtained:
1) And if the center of the sphere is o and the radius is R, the spherical equation is as follows:
x 2 +y 2 +z 2 ＝R 2 (1)
2) And fully opening the valve: theta =90 degrees, the through holes on the balls are completely aligned with the circular holes of the pipeline, and the flow area is the largest; has a round section: the center o ' of the circle, the coordinates (o, h and o) of the radius R and o ' are parallel to the xoz plane, and when oo ' = h is set, R 2 -h 2 ＝r 2 (2)
I.e. the distance of the sphere o to the centre o' of the circle.
Equation of the circle truncated: by
Then there is
Flow area A = π r 2
3) The valve is totally closed theta =0 degrees, the round surface of the through hole on the ball is perpendicular to the round hole of the pipeline, the flow area is zero, and the position of the circular section is as follows: o' coordinate (h, o, o) radius r, parallel to the yoz plane;
the equation for the circle truncation is: by
Then there is
Flow area A =0
4) In a general state, the angle of rotation of the ball around the z axis is theta, the flow area is A (theta), and the ball has a circular section: parallel to the z-axis, its circle center o' coordinate: (hscos θ, hsin θ, 0) (0 ° < θ < 90 °), radius r;
equation of the circle truncated:
5) Circle of truncation
And the circle
The equation of the intersection points a and b is as follows:
(0°＜θ＜90°)，
6) Circle of truncation
And the circle
Point of intersection c 1 、c 2 The equation is:
7)、c 1 c 2 is a chord length, and the length is:
8) The upper chord length c of the two section circular surfaces 1 c 2 Namely, equation (10) can be obtained:
then the arc area at any rotation angle θ is:
9) The intersection angle of the two cross sections of the through hole on the ball valve seat and the through hole on the ball body is
Having a projected arcuate area
The flow area a (θ) = a s ·sinθ+A s (13)
10 The distance from the h sphere to the center of the through hole circle on the sphere is as follows according to the relationship of right angle:
h 2 ＝R 2 -r 2 (14)
by analyzing the linearization method, when the rotation angle of the ball valve between 0 and 90 degrees is the opening degree of the valve from full closing to full opening, namely the opening degree is from 0 to 100 percent; according to the linear working flow characteristic, calculating the flow surface with the opening degree of 0-100% in percentage for the flow area corresponding to the ball valve with a certain rated flow coefficientThe product, i.e., the flow area A (theta), is calculated by calculating the c of any opening degree from the flow area A (theta) 1 、c 2 Connecting the opening of each point to c 1 、c 2 Obtaining the shape and flow area of the ball valve flow passage operating at a pressure drop ratio Δ p R When =0.1, the working flow rate is linear.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: the defect of two-position type working flow characteristic of the original O-shaped ball valve is overcome, the working flow is linear, the O-shaped ball valve can be used as an actuator for adjusting the continuous work of a system, the special length of the O-shaped ball valve is kept, and the functions of the O-shaped ball valve are expanded.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic view of an O-ball valve.
Fig. 2 is a geometrical analysis diagram of the O-ring ball valve when fully opened.
FIG. 3 is a geometric analysis of an O-ring ball valve fully closed.
Fig. 4 is a geometric analysis diagram of the O-ball valve at an arbitrary (general) ball rotation angle θ.
Fig. 5 is a diagram of the arch area of the O-shaped ball valve at any rotation angle theta.
FIG. 6 shows the linearity of the intrinsic flow rate characteristic F (θ), and the operating flow rate characteristics F (θ) to Δ p thereof R And (5) a relational graph.
FIG. 7 is D N 80 at Δ p R And (b) =0.1, F (theta) = a theta + b (a and b are constants) and obtaining a ball through hole diagram of the O-shaped ball valve.
FIG. 8 is this exampleO-shaped ball valve at delta p R F (θ) diagram obtained for = 0.1.
In the figure: 1. the valve comprises a valve rod, 2, a filler, 3, an auxiliary valve body, 4, a valve seat, 5, a gasket cup O-shaped ring, 6, a ball body, 7 and a main valve body.
Detailed Description
The method comprises the following steps: rotating the through hole on the ball body of the O-shaped ball valve around the z axis along with the ball body to enable the rotation angle to be 0-90 degrees, and correspondingly enabling the working process of the valve flow area formed by fully closing the valve to fully opening the valve;
the O-shaped ball valve is turned from full close to full open by the rotation angle theta of the ball body which is 90 degrees around the z-axis. The flow area of the ball is changed from minimum to maximum at a rotation angle of 0-90 degrees, and the flow area is formed by interaction of a circular pipeline and a through hole on the ball body;
according to the process, by geometric analysis, the following can be obtained:
1) As shown in fig. 2, if the center of the sphere is o and the radius is R, the spherical equation is:
x 2 +y 2 +z 2 ＝R 2 (1)
2) And fully opening the valve: θ =90 °, the through hole in the ball is aligned perfectly with the circular hole flow area of the pipe to be the largest, as shown in fig. 2;
has a round section: the center o, the radius R, o, the coordinates (o, h, o) are parallel to the xoz plane, when oo' = h is set, R 2 -h 2 ＝r 2 (2)
I.e. the distance of the sphere o to the centre o' of the circle.
Equation of the circle truncated: by
Then there is
Flow area A = π r 2
3) The valve is totally closed theta =0 degrees, the round surface of the through hole on the ball is perpendicular to the round hole of the pipeline, the flow area is zero, and the position of the circular section is as follows: the o' coordinate (h, o, o) radius r, parallel to the yoz plane, as shown in FIG. 3;
the equation for the truncated circle is: by
Then there is
Flow area A =0
4) In a general state, the angle of rotation of the ball around the z axis is theta, the flow area is A (theta), and the ball has a circular section: parallel to the z-axis, its circle center o' coordinate: (hscos θ, hsin θ, 0) (0 ° < θ < 90 °), radius r, as shown in fig. 4.
Equation of the circle truncated:
5) Circle of truncationAnd the circle
The equation of the intersection points a and b is as follows:
(0 ° < θ < 90 °), as in a, b in fig. 4.
6) Circle of truncation
And the circle
Point of intersection c 1 、c 2 The equation is:
as in c of FIG. 4 1 、c 2 。
7)、c 1 c 2 Is a chord length, and the length is:
8) The upper chord length c of the two section circular surfaces 1 c 2 That is, equation (10) can be obtained as shown in FIG. 5:
then the arc area at any rotation angle θ is:
9) The intersection angle of the two cross sections of the through hole on the ball valve seat and the through hole on the ball body is
With projected arcuate area
The flow area a (θ) = a s ·sinθ+A s (13)
10 H spheroid to the centre of a circle of the last through-hole circle of ball, there is according to the right angle side relation:
h 2 ＝R 2 -r 2 (14)
by the analysis of the linearization method, when the rotation angle of the ball body of the ball valve is from 0-90 degrees, the opening degree of the ball valve is from full close to full open, namely the opening degree is from 0-100 percent; linear according to the operating flow characteristics, for a certainCalculating the flow area corresponding to the ball valve with rated flow coefficient, namely the flow area A (theta) with the opening degree of 0-100 percent, and calculating the flow area c with any opening degree according to the flow area A (theta) 1 、c 2 Connecting the opening c of each point 1 、c 2 The shape of the flow channel of the ball valve is obtained, which works at the pressure drop ratio delta p R When =0.1, the working flow rate is linear.
The specific implementation method comprises the following steps:
1. as is known in the art, a ball valve has an almost zero flow resistance in the flow path. The flow resistance of the valve is reflected by the pressure drop ratio Δ p during operation of the valve R Big and small, its delta p under working condition of present ball valve R Of small value, e.g. Δ p R Is 0.1. Operating flow rate characteristic F (theta) and intrinsic flow rate characteristics F (theta) and delta p of the valve R The relationship of (A) is as follows:
in the formula, the relative opening degree of the theta-valve is 0-1.0, and the theta-valve is a relative rotation angle to the O-shaped ball valve; Δ p R A valve pressure drop ratio of 0-1.0.
In practical operation, the pressure drop ratio in the operation of the regulating valve is always greater than 0 and less than 1, i.e. 0 < Δ p R Is less than 1. According to formula (15), it is apparent that F (θ) is not equal to F (θ), and Δ p R The smaller F (theta), the more deviated F (theta). F (theta) with linear inherent characteristic, and working flow rate characteristic F (theta) and delta p R The relationship (2) is shown in FIG. 6. One of the functions of the regulating valve in the control system is that the working flow (static) characteristic of the regulating valve compensates the static characteristic of the control system, so that the control systemThe loop static characteristic of (2) becomes linear to ensure the optimization of the regulation quality and the optimization of the production process. In the design of the existing production process control system, the f (theta) characteristic of a regulating valve is used for matching a controlled object so as to compensate the static characteristic of the control system to be linear or approximately linear. The flow characteristic provided by the manufacturer of the regulating valve is the mechanical characteristic of the valve, i.e. the intrinsic characteristic f (θ), which is at Δ p R =1.0 or the flow characteristics obtained at constant pressure drop. These conditions are inconsistent with the operating conditions of the regulator valve. It is not possible to compensate for the control system static characteristic to be linear or nearly linear using the f (theta) characteristic, which is desirable to optimize the process with a regulator valve. To make the F (theta) of the regulating valve well matched with the controlled object, the loop static characteristic of the compensation control system is linear or approximately linear to achieve the best process control quality and production process, and the low delta p is required R The value and the required F (theta) requirement are used to obtain the inherent characteristic F (theta) of the valve, namely:
such a valve intrinsic flow characteristic at a low Δ P R The static characteristic of the controlled object can be matched by F (theta), the static characteristic of the compensation control system is linear or approximately linear, the optimization of process control is realized, and the design initiatives of the optimal production process are achieved. In overview, the current regulating valve includes an O-shaped ball valve, the flow (static)The characteristic is that the above-mentioned situation exists. Improving the function of the regulating valve in the control system according to the operating conditions (e.g. low delta P) R Value and desired F (theta)), designing F (theta) is one of the effective approaches. The F (theta) of the existing O-shaped ball valve is a two-position type, and the F (theta) has only an on-off function and can not play a role in continuously adjusting the flow and the flow area.
2. Aiming at the current situation of the O-shaped ball valve, a new flow surface shape is designed.
An O-shaped ball valve with a certain specification is provided, wherein when the total flow area is A when the valve is fully opened, A (theta) = Af (theta) when the flow area A (theta) is at any opening degree (theta: 0-1.0, and a rotation angle of 0-90 degrees). When f (theta) is in the range of 0 to 1.0, A (theta) can be determined one by one.
According to the formulas (1) to (14), under the known A (theta), the corresponding through hole section circle chord length C on the O-shaped ball valve ball body can be obtained 1 C 2 Thereby obtaining the required shape and area of the through hole flow surface on the ball body of the O-shaped ball valve, as shown in FIG. 7.
3. Examples of the embodiments
Such as D N 80，R Ball with ball-shaped section ＝64mm，r＝39mm，F(θ)＝aθ+b，ΔP R ＝0.1 (a, b are constants) . D shown in FIG. 7 can be obtained according to the above process N The shape and area of the flow surface of the opening on the 80O-shaped ball valve ball body are processed; the new O-shaped ball valve which can be continuously adjusted and maintain the functions of the original O-shaped ball valve is formed by matching the valve body of the existing O-shaped ball valve, related parts and an actuator which can be continuously driven. Its obtainable operating flow rate characteristic F (θ) is shown in fig. 8. Obviously, the O-shaped ball valve matched with the new ball body has linear or approximately linear working flow characteristic F (theta) within the range of 0-90 degrees of the full rotation angle, and can be continuously adjusted.
Claims (1)
1. A linearization method for O-shaped ball valve working flow is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the working process of the valve flow area formed by fully closing the valve to fully opening the valve is correspondingly carried out according to the fact that the through hole on the ball body of the O-shaped ball valve rotates around the z axis along with the ball body and the rotating angle of the through hole is 0-90 degrees;
the O-shaped ball valve is turned from full close to full open by the rotation angle theta of the ball body which is 90 degrees around the z-axis. The flow area of the ball is changed from minimum to maximum at a rotation angle of 0-90 degrees, and the flow area is formed by interaction of a circular pipeline and a through hole on the ball body;
according to the process, by geometric analysis, the following can be obtained:
1) If the center of the sphere is o and the radius is R, the spherical equation is as follows:
x 2 +y 2 +z 2 ＝R 2 (1)
2) And fully opening the valve: theta =90 degrees, the through holes on the balls are completely aligned with the circular holes of the pipeline, and the flow area is the largest; has a round section: the center o ' of the circle, the coordinates (o, h and o) of the radius R and o ' are parallel to the xoz plane, and when oo ' = h is set, R 2 -h 2 ＝r 2 (2)
I.e. the distance of the sphere o to the centre o' of the circle.
Equation of the circle truncated: by
Then there is
Flow area A = π r 2
3) The valve is totally closed theta =0 degrees, the round surface of the through hole on the ball is perpendicular to the round hole of the pipeline, the flow area is zero, and the position of the circular section is as follows: o' coordinate (h, o, o) radius r, parallel to the yoz plane;
the equation for the truncated circle is: by
Then there is
Flow area a =0
4) In a general state, the rotation angle of the sphere around the z axis is theta, the flow area is A, and the sphere has a circular section: parallel to the z-axis, its circle center o' coordinate: (hscos θ, hsin θ, 0) (0 ° < θ < 90 °), radius r;
equation of the circle truncated:
5) Circle of truncationAnd the circle
The equation of the intersection points a and b is as follows:
(0°＜θ＜90°)，
6) Circle of truncationAnd the circle
Point of intersection c 1 、c 2 The equation is:
7)、c 1 c 2 is a chord length, and the length is:
8) The upper chord length c of the two section circular surfaces 1 c 2 Namely, the formula (10) can be obtained:
then the arc area at any rotation angle θ is:
9) The intersection angle of the two cross sections of the through hole on the ball valve seat and the through hole on the ball body is
With projected arcuate area
The flow area a (θ) = a s ·sinθ+A s (13)
10 The distance from the h sphere to the center of the through hole circle on the sphere is as follows according to the relationship of right angle:
h 2 ＝R 2 -r 2 (14)
by the analysis of the linearization method, when the rotation angle of the ball valve ball body from 0-90 degrees is the opening of the valve from full close to full open, namely the opening is from 0-100%; according to the linear working flow characteristic, calculating the flow area of each percentage of the opening degree from 0-100% for the flow area corresponding to the ball valve with a certain rated flow coefficient, namely the flow area A (theta), and calculating the c of any opening degree according to the flow area A (theta) 1 、c 2 Connecting the opening of each point to c 1 、c 2 Obtaining the shape and flow area of the ball valve flow passage operating at a pressure drop ratio Δ p R When =0.1, the working flow rate is linear.
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| CNB2007100707120A CN100462604C (en) | 2007-08-06 | 2007-08-06 | O-shaped ball valve discharge characteristic linearity method |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106151643A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-11-23 | 深圳市共济科技股份有限公司 | A kind of electrical ball valve aperture control method and system |
| CN108664756A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-10-16 | 浙江中石阀门有限公司 | There is the ball valve design method of Matheson and Dresser joint at a kind of both ends |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP3009319B2 (en) * | 1993-12-02 | 2000-02-14 | 旭有機材工業株式会社 | Ball valve |
| US5593135A (en) * | 1995-05-12 | 1997-01-14 | Asahi/America, Inc. | Precise throttling ball valve |
| US5551467A (en) * | 1995-08-11 | 1996-09-03 | H-Tech, Inc. | Ball valve with controlled flow variation |
| US20050127317A1 (en) * | 2003-12-11 | 2005-06-16 | Rebello Peter J. | Metering ball valve and method of determining fluid flow therethrough |
| JP4523314B2 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2010-08-11 | 株式会社山武 | 3-way ball valve |
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN106151643A (en) * | 2016-08-18 | 2016-11-23 | 深圳市共济科技股份有限公司 | A kind of electrical ball valve aperture control method and system |
| CN108664756A (en) * | 2018-07-17 | 2018-10-16 | 浙江中石阀门有限公司 | There is the ball valve design method of Matheson and Dresser joint at a kind of both ends |
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Assignee: Ningbo Changhua Copper Products Co., Ltd. Assignor: Zhejiang University Contract fulfillment period: 2009.12.4 to 2015.12.4 Contract record no.: 2009330002893 Denomination of invention: O-shaped ball valve discharge characteristic linearity method Granted publication date: 20090218 License type: Exclusive license Record date: 20091214 |
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Free format text: EXCLUSIVE LICENSE; TIME LIMIT OF IMPLEMENTING CONTACT: 2009.12.4 TO 2015.12.4; CHANGE OF CONTRACT Name of requester: NINGBO CHANGHUA COPPER PRODUCTS CO., LTD. Effective date: 20091214 |
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