CN101096976A - Projection welded fastener with integral sealer - Google Patents
Projection welded fastener with integral sealer Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN101096976A CN101096976A CNA2007101095032A CN200710109503A CN101096976A CN 101096976 A CN101096976 A CN 101096976A CN A2007101095032 A CNA2007101095032 A CN A2007101095032A CN 200710109503 A CN200710109503 A CN 200710109503A CN 101096976 A CN101096976 A CN 101096976A
- Authority
- CN
- China
- Prior art keywords
- panel
- substrate
- fastening piece
- piece according
- groove
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 52
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract 3
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 claims description 60
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 claims description 38
- 150000001875 compounds Chemical class 0.000 claims description 23
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000012812 sealant material Substances 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 3
- PAYROHWFGZADBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2-[[4-amino-5-(5-iodo-4-methoxy-2-propan-2-ylphenoxy)pyrimidin-2-yl]amino]propane-1,3-diol Chemical compound C1=C(I)C(OC)=CC(C(C)C)=C1OC1=CN=C(NC(CO)CO)N=C1N PAYROHWFGZADBR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- XFJBGINZIMNZBW-CRAIPNDOSA-N 5-chloro-2-[4-[(1r,2s)-2-[2-(5-methylsulfonylpyridin-2-yl)oxyethyl]cyclopropyl]piperidin-1-yl]pyrimidine Chemical compound N1=CC(S(=O)(=O)C)=CC=C1OCC[C@H]1[C@@H](C2CCN(CC2)C=2N=CC(Cl)=CN=2)C1 XFJBGINZIMNZBW-CRAIPNDOSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003973 paint Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 1-[(3s,4s)-4-[8-(2-chloro-4-pyrimidin-2-yloxyphenyl)-7-fluoro-2-methylimidazo[4,5-c]quinolin-1-yl]-3-fluoropiperidin-1-yl]-2-hydroxyethanone Chemical compound CC1=NC2=CN=C3C=C(F)C(C=4C(=CC(OC=5N=CC=CN=5)=CC=4)Cl)=CC3=C2N1[C@H]1CCN(C(=O)CO)C[C@@H]1F WZZBNLYBHUDSHF-DHLKQENFSA-N 0.000 description 1
- NPRYCHLHHVWLQZ-TURQNECASA-N 2-amino-9-[(2R,3S,4S,5R)-4-fluoro-3-hydroxy-5-(hydroxymethyl)oxolan-2-yl]-7-prop-2-ynylpurin-8-one Chemical compound NC1=NC=C2N(C(N(C2=N1)[C@@H]1O[C@@H]([C@H]([C@H]1O)F)CO)=O)CC#C NPRYCHLHHVWLQZ-TURQNECASA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005242 forging Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000977 initiatory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010422 painting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004080 punching Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000565 sealant Substances 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B37/00—Nuts or like thread-engaging members
- F16B37/04—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates
- F16B37/06—Devices for fastening nuts to surfaces, e.g. sheets, plates by means of welding or riveting
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/002—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating specially adapted for particular articles or work
- B23K11/004—Welding of a small piece to a great or broad piece
- B23K11/0046—Welding of a small piece to a great or broad piece the extremity of a small piece being welded to a base, e.g. cooling studs or fins to tubes or plates
- B23K11/0053—Stud welding, i.e. resistive
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K11/00—Resistance welding; Severing by resistance heating
- B23K11/14—Projection welding
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B33/00—Features common to bolt and nut
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F16—ENGINEERING ELEMENTS AND UNITS; GENERAL MEASURES FOR PRODUCING AND MAINTAINING EFFECTIVE FUNCTIONING OF MACHINES OR INSTALLATIONS; THERMAL INSULATION IN GENERAL
- F16B—DEVICES FOR FASTENING OR SECURING CONSTRUCTIONAL ELEMENTS OR MACHINE PARTS TOGETHER, e.g. NAILS, BOLTS, CIRCLIPS, CLAMPS, CLIPS OR WEDGES; JOINTS OR JOINTING
- F16B35/00—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws
- F16B35/04—Screw-bolts; Stay-bolts; Screw-threaded studs; Screws; Set screws with specially-shaped head or shaft in order to fix the bolt on or in an object
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10S—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10S277/00—Seal for a joint or juncture
- Y10S277/931—Seal including temperature responsive feature
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y10—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC
- Y10T—TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER US CLASSIFICATION
- Y10T24/00—Buckles, buttons, clasps, etc.
- Y10T24/14—Bale and package ties, hose clamps
- Y10T24/1412—Bale and package ties, hose clamps with tighteners
- Y10T24/1418—Self-locking [dead center or snap action]
Abstract
A fastener is provided for projection resistance welding to a panel. The fastener includes a base having a fastening element, such as a threaded stud or a nut integral therewith. Multiple projections formed integral with the base extend therefrom to engage with the panel to be welded to the panel by electric resistance welding. A groove is provided in the base facing the panel and is filled with a heat activated expandable sealer material. Upon heating of the base during the electric resistance welding, or in an oven, the sealer expands to fill and seal any gap between the base and the panel.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to projection welding to the panel with holes fastening piece and should be used for the sealing compound in gap between sealing fastener and the panel.
Background technique
Known fastening piece such as double-screw bolt or nut can be soldered on sheet metal panel or other members in automobile and other industry.Fastening piece has a plurality of projectioies that form on the surface that will be soldered to panel.Electrode is applied to fastening piece, and backup electrode is applied to panel.The resistance welding electric current is conducted by these electrodes, and is concentrated by these projectioies, thereby has a resistance weldering between projection and panel.
In many application, panel will have the hole of aliging with fastening piece.Under the situation of double-screw bolt, double-screw bolt can extend through this hole.At fastening piece is under the situation of nut, and the bolt that finally is screwed into this nut can be passed this hole.Under any circumstance, will be usually between the substrate of fastening piece and panel, stay little gap in the projection that forms on the fastening piece.This little gap of expectation sealing is passed through to prevent noise or liquid or gaseous matter.
Summary of the invention
Provide a kind of projection welding resistance that is used for to be soldered to fastening piece on the panel.This fastening piece comprises substrate, and substrate has fastener such as screw thread column or nut integrally formed with it.Extend to engage from substrate with the integrally formed a plurality of projectioies of substrate, be used for being welded to panel by resistance welding with panel.But be arranged in the substrate and sealant material that the filling hot activation is expanded the groove face counter plate.When the substrate of resistance welding heating, sealing compound expands to fill and to seal any gap between substrate and the panel.
From detailed description provided below, other applications of the present invention will become clear.Be to be understood that though the detailed description and specific examples are represented exemplary embodiment of the present invention, they only are to be not intended to limit the scope of the invention for purposes of illustration.
Description of drawings
Can understand the present invention more comprehensively from detailed description and accompanying drawing, in the accompanying drawing:
Fig. 1 is the side view of broken section, shows the prior art welding column in panel hole;
Fig. 2 shows the welding column of the Fig. 1 that is welded to panel and should be used for sealing the sealing compound in the gap between prior art welding column and the panel;
Fig. 3 is the side elevation in partial section that new improvement welding column is shown;
Fig. 4 is the worm's eye view of the welding column of Fig. 3;
Fig. 5 shows welding and is sealed to Fig. 3 of panel with holes and the welding column of Fig. 4;
Fig. 6 is the side view that the second embodiment of the invention of welding column is shown;
Fig. 7 is placed on the panel with holes and the Fig. 6 that is ready to weld and seal welds the side view of column;
Fig. 8 shows welding and is sealed to Fig. 6 of panel and the welding column of Fig. 7;
Fig. 9 is another embodiment's of welding column a worm's eye view; With
Figure 10 is another embodiment's of the present invention a worm's eye view.
Embodiment
The following explanation of certain exemplary embodiments in fact only is exemplary and be not intended to limit the present invention, its application or use.
With reference to Fig. 1, sheet metal panel 10 has hole 12.Prior art welding column 14 comprises circular-base 16, and substrate 16 has a plurality of protruding 20 from its surface that extends out 18.Thread handle 22 extends out from the surface 18 of substrate 16.Fig. 1 shows the welding column 14 that is positioned on the panel 10, and its protrusions 20 splice panel 10 and thread handle 22 extend through the hole 12 of panel 10.
Fig. 2 shows the welding column 14 of projection welding to the panel 10.Projection welding operates in the fastening industry known, and comprises electrode location leaned against in the substrate 16 of welding column 14 and with backup electrode and be placed on the panel 10.Apply electric welding electric current and the initiation of the point of contact place between projection 20 and panel 10 resistance heating, between welding column 14 and panel 10, to produce weld seam 24.But as shown in Figure 2, the height of projection makes and will remain with gap 26 between the surface 18 of substrate 16 and panel 10.The isolated fact may allow moisture, gas or noise by hole 12 with the interval that centers on substrate 26 circumference for the existence in this gap 26 and projection 20.Therefore, sealing compound of known applications comes closing gap 26.Sealing compound is employed after welding operation, and is usually directed to use pump and flexible pipe and nozzle, and this will increase work, cost and complexity to manufacturing operation.As shown in Figure 2, sealing compound can be employed as around a sealing compound 30 of thread handle 22, perhaps around a sealing compound 32 of substrate 26.
With reference to Fig. 3 and 4, show new improvement welding column 40, it has thread handle 44 from its substrate that extends out 42.Substrate 42 had around the circle spacing opens and from the downside 54 extended a plurality of protruding 46,48,50 and 52 of substrate 42.Circular groove 56 is arranged in the downside 54 of substrate 42 in the middle of thread handle 44 and projection 46,48,50 and 52, and around thread handle 44.Circular groove 56 is in the thread handle outside and projection 46,48,50 and 52 inboards.Manufacturer by welding column 40 is with a heat-swellable sealing compound 58 (for example Terostat 4600 MS-CD 473HTM that can buy from the Henkel Company) embedded groove 56.
Fig. 5 shows the welding column 40 that is attached on the panel 60 with hole 62.The resistance welding electric current has been applied to welding column 40 and panel 60.Welding current made each projection 86,88,90 and 92 and panel 60 between form weld seam 64.The downside 56 of substrate 42 remains on the spaced apart certain distance in surface of panel 60, makes to have gap 68 between downside 54 and panel 60.Between the wall in hole 62 and thread handle 44, also there is gap 70.But, made this circle heat-swellable sealing compound 58 expand and filling gap 68 and gap 70 in the heat of resistance welding operation period generation, make liquids and gases all can not pass through hole 62.
Fig. 6 and 7 illustrates an alternative embodiment of the invention, and wherein welded nut 80 is depicted as the internal threaded nut 84 with substrate 82 and with threaded hole 85.Substrate 82 had around the circle spacing of substrate 82 opens and from the downside 94 extended a plurality of protruding 86,88,90 and 92 of substrate 82.Be arranged in the downside 97 of substrate at projection 86,88,90 and 92 interior annular grooves 96.By the manufacturer of welded nut 80 with in a heat-swellable sealing compound 98 embedded grooves 96.
Fig. 8 shows the welded nut 80 that is attached to panel 100, and panel 100 has the hole 102 of aliging with tapped hole 85.The resistance welding electric current is applied to welded nut 80 and panel 100.Welding current made each projection 86,88,90 and 92 and panel 100 between form weld seam 104.The downside of substrate 82 remains on the spaced apart certain distance in surface of panel 100, makes to have gap 108 between the downside 97 of panel 82 and panel 100.But, made this circle heat-swellable sealing compound 98 expand and filling gap 108 in the heat of resistance welding operation period generation, make that liquid, gas and noise all can not be through between substrate 82 and the panels 100.
Fig. 9 is the worm's eye view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, and wherein fastening piece 110 is welded nuts, and it has the substrate 102 of band downside surface 114.Projection 116,118 and 120 is extended downwards from downside surface 114, and is suitable for projection welding to panel.Curve bath 124 is arranged on the downside surface 114 and fills heat-swellable sealing compound 128.In the embodiment of Fig. 9, be used for the outside of the groove 124 of sealing compound 128 in projection 116,118 and 120.
Figure 10 is the worm's eye view of an alternative embodiment of the invention, and wherein fastening piece 130 has the substrate 132 of band downside surface 134.Projection 136,138 and 140 is extended downwards from downside surface 134, and is suitable for projection welding to panel.The groove of isolated recessed 144,146 and 148 forms is arranged in the downside surface 134, and the heat-swellable sealing compound 152 that holds enough volumes will make sealing compound fully expand with the expansion of guaranteeing sealing compound and flow and will be welded to the whole gap that exists between the panel on it to be sealed in substrate 132 and fastening piece 130 fully.Figure 10 shows the projection that distributes around the circle alternate of substrate 132 at the diameter place identical with projection and is recessed into, but is to be understood that the recessed if desired inboard or the outside that also can be positioned at projection.
Above-mentioned explanation of the present invention in fact only is exemplary, so its variation all should be within the scope of the present invention.Therefore, the groove that is used to store the heat-swellable sealing compound can be in the inboard of projection, and perhaps groove can be positioned at the outside of projection.In addition, groove can be around the continuous circular groove of substrate, perhaps groove can be by isolated recessed providing, these are recessed to be formed in the substrate and storage embeds sealing compounds of enough volumes wherein, will make sealing compound fully expand and flows to seal the whole gap that exists between substrate and the panel fully with the expansion of guaranteeing sealing compound.Though it is semicircular groove that accompanying drawing shows the cross section, groove can have any sectional shape.
Will appreciate that the heat-swellable sealing compound is preferably selected and be mixed with thermal expansion in response to the temperature of the heat that produces during substrate of resistance heating fastening piece and the projection in the projection welding processing procedure and endurance.But in some applications, thermal expansion will can not take place, and be heated in oven (for example painting hardening furnace) up to fastening piece and panel, perhaps expand part to take place during projection welding is handled and partly to take place in the paint hardening furnace.
The heat-swellable sealing compound can be the Terostat 4600 MS-CD 473HTM that can buy from Henkel Company, perhaps shows during being handled by projection welding or any other sealing compound, tackiness agent or the tacky sealant of expandable desired characteristic when heating by the heat of fastening piece and panel being carried out producing during the subsequent treatment such as the oven of paint hardening furnace.
In addition, though accompanying drawing shows the example of fastening piece for welding column 40 and welded nut 80, but fastening piece can be any known anchor design, for example rivet, clip or other fastening pieces, and they have the substrate that band is used for the projection of projection welding on panel or other workpiece.
In addition, though accompanying drawing illustrates the degree of depth of emphasizing in the surface 54 or 97 that groove has incision fastening piece substrate, groove can be provided with enough height by the height of projection to allow on surface 18 the volume required sealing compound of storage and to limit more simply.
Though foregoing description mentions fastening piece and is soldered to panel, will appreciate that panel can be the target of any metal processing, for example cast, the target of forging or punching press.
Therefore can see the invention provides new improvement projection welded fastener that it has eliminated in the manufactory needs to secondary seal operation and equipment.
Claims (18)
1. a fastening piece is used for projection welding resistance and is soldered to panel, and this fastening piece comprises:
Substrate has fastener integrally formed with it;
A plurality of projectioies form and extend to engage with panel from substrate with substrate is whole, are used for resistance projection-welding to panel;
Be arranged on the groove in the substrate; With
But the sealant material that hot activation is expanded, be deposited in the groove and when substrate is heated thermal expansion to form the sealing between substrate and the panel.
2. fastening piece according to claim 1, wherein fastener is from the extended column of substrate.
3. fastening piece according to claim 2, wherein said column has screw thread.
4. fastening piece according to claim 2, wherein said fastener are the nuts with interior threaded hole.
5. fastening piece according to claim 1, wherein said groove extends in a circumferential direction around substrate.
6. fastening piece according to claim 5, wherein said groove is positioned in the described substrate more in the outer part than described projection.
7. fastening piece according to claim 5, wherein said groove is positioned in the described substrate in described protruding inboard.
8. fastening piece according to claim 1, wherein being arranged on groove in the substrate is a plurality of separate recessed, these are recessed to hold enough heat-swellable sealing compounds and contacts with panel sealing to be expanded to substrate.
9. fastening piece according to claim 1, wherein said sealing compound will be heated during protruding resistance projection-welding is to the panel and expand.
10. fastening piece according to claim 1, wherein said sealing compound are expanding protruding resistance projection-welding at least in part during panel, and partly expand by heating fastening piece and panel in oven.
11. a fastening piece is used for projection welding resistance and is soldered to the panel with hole, this fastening piece comprises:
Substrate has fastener integrally formed with it;
A plurality of projectioies form and extend engaging with panel from substrate with substrate is whole, and are suitable for when being resistance welded on the panel during by welding current between fastening piece and panel; With
But be arranged in the substrate and hold the groove of hot activation Expansion sealing agent material, the sealing agent material during being soldered to protruding projection welding resistance on the panel by resistance heating with expand with any space between sealing substrate and the panel.
12. fastening piece according to claim 10, wherein said fastener are the columns that extends and be suitable for extending through the hole the panel from substrate.
13. fastening piece according to claim 12, wherein said column has screw thread.
14. fastening piece according to claim 12, wherein said fastener are the nuts with interior threaded hole, this interior threaded hole is suitable for aliging with the hole in the panel.
15. fastening piece according to claim 11, wherein said groove extends and fully around the hole in the panel, to seal any space between substrate and the panel thus in a circumferential direction around substrate.
16. fastening piece according to claim 15, wherein said groove is positioned in the described substrate more in the outer part than described projection.
17. fastening piece according to claim 15, wherein said groove is positioned in the described substrate in described protruding inboard.
18. fastening piece according to claim 11, wherein being arranged on groove in the substrate is a plurality of separate recessed, and these are recessed to hold enough heat-swellable sealing compounds and contact with panel sealing to be expanded to substrate.
Applications Claiming Priority (2)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US11/475497 | 2006-06-27 | ||
| US11/475,497 US7645105B2 (en) | 2006-06-27 | 2006-06-27 | Projection welded fastener with integral sealer |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101096976A true CN101096976A (en) | 2008-01-02 |
| CN101096976B CN101096976B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
Family
ID=38859573
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2007101095032A Expired - Fee Related CN101096976B (en) | 2006-06-27 | 2007-06-27 | Projection welded fastener with integral sealer |
Country Status (5)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US7645105B2 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP2008057770A (en) |
| KR (1) | KR101167595B1 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN101096976B (en) |
| DE (1) | DE102007029165B4 (en) |
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| CN104797372B (en) * | 2012-09-25 | 2019-05-10 | 伯尔霍夫连接技术有限公司 | Weld secondary combined part and the method with the part connecting element |
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| CN110891725A (en) * | 2017-07-11 | 2020-03-17 | 伯尔霍夫连接技术有限公司 | Welding auxiliary joint member |
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| CN112483528A (en) * | 2019-09-12 | 2021-03-12 | 陈韦志 | Strengthen leakproofness integrated into one piece's screw head |
| CN111889866A (en) * | 2020-06-19 | 2020-11-06 | 西安石油大学 | Friction hot riveting threaded nail and welding process |
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| CN113513522A (en) * | 2021-05-10 | 2021-10-19 | 浙江高强度紧固件有限公司 | Fastener for nuclear power station |
| CN113550967A (en) * | 2021-06-28 | 2021-10-26 | 河北远东通信系统工程有限公司 | Waterproof screw and manufacturing method thereof |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| JP2008057770A (en) | 2008-03-13 |
| DE102007029165A1 (en) | 2008-01-31 |
| KR20080000541A (en) | 2008-01-02 |
| DE102007029165B4 (en) | 2014-06-05 |
| US7645105B2 (en) | 2010-01-12 |
| CN101096976B (en) | 2010-06-02 |
| US20070295698A1 (en) | 2007-12-27 |
| KR101167595B1 (en) | 2012-08-03 |
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