CN101096926B - Altitude compensation of turbo-charger exhaust valve - Google Patents
Altitude compensation of turbo-charger exhaust valve Download PDFInfo
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- CN101096926B CN101096926B CN2006101263921A CN200610126392A CN101096926B CN 101096926 B CN101096926 B CN 101096926B CN 2006101263921 A CN2006101263921 A CN 2006101263921A CN 200610126392 A CN200610126392 A CN 200610126392A CN 101096926 B CN101096926 B CN 101096926B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
- Y02T10/12—Improving ICE efficiencies
Abstract
The invention discloses an air evacuation valve of turbine booster system of engine, which is characterized by the following: comprising a valve chest, a spring and a spring seat on the valve aperture; setting the valve chest as a valve aperture and a valve rod; connecting to the valve aperture; connecting the spring; exerting spring force for the valve rod; possessing a assembling spring length for the spring; setting the valve chest as movable; changing the assembling length of the spring according to change of atmospheric pressure.
Description
Technical field
Present invention relates in general to a kind of turbocharging internal-combustion engines, more particularly, relate to the turbo-charger sytem of (wastegate) control valve that has exhaust valve, this exhaust valve control valve is used for the exhaust airstream of control flows to turbosupercharger.
Background technique
The factor that engine performance is restricted is to be transported to the amount of intake manifold for the combustion air of engine cylinder burning usefulness.Usually, atmospheric pressure is not enough to provide the effectively required air quantity of operation of motor.
Be well known that, in the air-intake of combustion engine supply, adopt the increase supply combustion air of combustion cylinder of turbosupercharger.Each turbosupercharger generally includes a turbo machine and one or more compressor, wherein, turbo machine has the turbine wheel by the exhaust gas driving of motor, compressor has compressor impeller, by turbine drives, this turbo-charger shaft is connecting turbine wheel and compressor impeller to this compressor impeller simultaneously by public turbo-charger shaft.Compressor receives wants compressed fluid, and compressed fluid is supplied with the firing chamber.By the form of the fluid that compressor compressed can be combustion air, perhaps also can be the mixture of fuel and combustion air.By using turbosupercharger, the output power of the motor of given size can be significantly improved.Therefore, motor less, cheapness can be used for given power demand, can be compensated owing to for example altitude changes the power loss that causes.
Under certain conditions, the pressure of the combustion air of turbosupercharger supply intake manifold or combustion cylinder may be excessive, and this may cause the damage of motor.The overspeed operation of turbosupercharger also can cause the damage of turbosupercharger.Be well known that, in flowing to the exhaust airstream of turbosupercharger, use the exhaust valve control valve.The arm bypass of vent systems is by the turbine wheel of turbosupercharger.The valve of operations platoon's valve can the directing exhaust gas air communication be crossed bypass duct, thereby has reduced the exhaust airstream that flows to turbine wheel, has reduced the rotating speed of turbine wheel, thereby has reduced boosting or pressure of air that the compressor of turbosupercharger supplies with.
Known Machinery Control System and the electronic control system that is used for exhaust family of power and influence work.Denomination of invention is the U.S. Patent No. 6 of " utilizing the exhaust valve control signal of study to control the apparatus and method that turbosupercharger is moved ", 012,289 have assigned to the application's assignee, this U.S. Patent Publication a kind of method that engine turbine pressurized machine with exhaust valve control valve is controlled.This turbosupercharger is controlled by ECU (Electrical Control Unit), and this ECU (Electrical Control Unit) can be carried the exhaust valve control signal to the exhaust valve control valve.
Turbocharging internal-combustion engines with exhaust valve control valve can stand the difficulty that increased when high height above sea level work, this difficulty is because the atmospheric pressure that reduces is caused.The atmospheric pressure that reduces can cause disadvantageous pressure difference on the exhaust valve barrier film.Under given control system, exhaust valve possibly can't be opened, and perhaps the degree that may open is littler than needed, causes suction pressure to be higher than acceptable turbo machine suction pressure.Being not easy provides such control strategy to the while at the machine of high height above sea level and low altitude area work,, considers that The altitude change brings the influence of exhaust valve control valve work that is.
One or more during the present invention can address the above problem.
Summary of the invention
According to a configuration of the present invention, a kind of internal-combustion engine is provided, this internal-combustion engine has: a combustion cylinder; One vent systems, this vent systems is communicated with the combustion cylinder fluid, is used to receive the exhaust gas from combustion cylinder; One combustion air system, this combustion air system is communicated with the combustion cylinder fluid, thereby is used for providing air to support burning to combustion cylinder; An and turbosupercharger.This turbosupercharger comprises a compressor, a turbo machine and an exhaust family of power and influence, described compressor has suction port and air outlet, described turbo machine has the suction port that is used to accept from the exhaust airstream of combustion cylinder, and the described exhaust family of power and influence is used for the exhaust airstream of control flows to turbo machine.This exhaust family of power and influence comprises valve chest and valve diaphragm, and this valve diaphragm is positioned at valve chest, and this valve diaphragm is divided into valve chest first and second valve chambers with the first valve chamber pressure and second valve chamber pressure.One in the first and second valve chamber pressure is atmospheric pressure.One valve rod, this valve rod is connected with valve diaphragm.One spring is operably connected so that valve rod is applied spring force, and this spring has a mounting spring length.One spring seat is arranged on the valve diaphragm.Valve chest is mobilizable, thereby changes the mounting spring length of spring in response to the variation of atmospheric pressure.
According to another configuration of the present invention, a kind of exhaust valve is provided, this exhaust valve has: valve chest, valve diaphragm, this valve diaphragm is positioned at valve chest, and this valve diaphragm is divided into valve chest first and second valve chambers with the first valve chamber pressure and second valve chamber pressure.One in the first valve chamber pressure and the second valve chamber pressure is atmospheric pressure.One valve rod, this valve rod is connected with valve diaphragm.One spring is operably connected so that valve rod is applied spring force, and this spring has a mounting spring length.The height of one adjustable spring seat is adjustable, is used in response to the pressure of the chamber of adjustable spring seat and changes mounting spring length.
According to another configuration of the present invention, a kind of method of controlling exhaust family of power and influence work is provided, this method comprises: a kind of exhaust family of power and influence is provided, this exhaust family of power and influence has valve chest, valve chest is divided into the valve diaphragm of first and second valve chambers, is connected with valve diaphragm and passes valve rod and the spring that extend one of them chamber, this attachable spring applies spring force to valve rod, is used for promoting in one direction valve rod.This spring has a mounting spring length.This method also comprises: the movement of valve housing, thereby change the mounting spring length of spring, spring seat is provided on valve diaphragm, thereby change the spring force that is applied on the valve rod by regulating mounting spring length, detect the variation of atmospheric pressure, and, the Regulation spring seat in response to the variation of atmospheric pressure.
Description of drawings
Fig. 1 is the partial section according to the internal-combustion engine of exemplary embodiment, and this internal-combustion engine has the altitude compensation exhaust valve that is used for turbosupercharger;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the amplification of the exhaust valve of can regulate shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 is the amplification sectional view of the actuator of can regulate exhaust valve among Fig. 2;
Fig. 4 is the planimetric map of the optional embodiment of the actuator of can regulate exhaust valve among Fig. 2;
Fig. 5 is the cross sectional elevation according to the amplification of the can regulate exhaust valve of another exemplary embodiment; And
Fig. 6 is the cross-sectional back side view according to the amplification of can regulate exhaust valve among Fig. 5.
Embodiment
Referring now to accompanying drawing,, especially Fig. 1 wherein shows according to exhaust valve control valve 10 of the present invention.Exhaust valve control valve 10 is worked in the turbo-charger sytem 12 of internal-combustion engine 14.
Turbo-charger sytem 12 comprises compressor 32, and compressor 32 has compressor inlet 34, and this compressor inlet 34 is communicated with the combustion air source fluid, and this combustion air source for example is the ambient air of accepting by air-strainer 36.Compressor outlet 38 is communicated with suction tude 40 fluids of combustion air system 28, and this combustion air system can also comprise aftercooler 42.Compressor impeller 44 is set between compressor inlet 34 and the compressor outlet 38 in known manner.Compressor impeller 44 is contained on the turbo-charger shaft 46.
Turbo-charger sytem 12 also comprises turbo machine 52, and this turbo machine has turbo machine suction port 54, and this turbo machine suction port is connected with vent systems 30 fluids by outlet pipe 56.Turbo machine air outlet 58 is communicated with exhaust duct 60 fluids of vent systems 30, and vent systems can also comprise exhaust silencer 62.Turbine wheel 64 is set between turbo machine suction port 54 and the turbo machine air outlet 58 in known manner.On the end opposite with compressor impeller 44, turbine wheel 64 is contained on the turbo-charger shaft 46.
Exhaust valve control valve 10 is arranged on the by-pass line 70, and this by-pass line fluid is communicated between outlet pipe 56 and the exhaust duct 60.By-pass line 70 provide with by the parallel path of turbo machine 52, exhaust valve control valve 10 comes the exhaust airstream that flows to turbine wheel 64 is controlled by the path of controllable opening and closing by by-pass line 70.
Can be clear that more that from Fig. 2 exhaust valve control valve 10 comprises a valve chest 72 and is positioned at the valve diaphragm 74 of valve chest 72.Valve diaphragm 74 is divided into first and second valve chambers 76 and 78 to the inside of valve chest 72 respectively.First and second valve chambers 76 and 78 are kept apart mutually, thereby are comprising the first and second valve chamber pressure respectively.Valve diaphragm 74 be rubbery or other flexible body, its position changes along with the variation of the relative pressure difference between the first and second valve chamber pressure of first and second valve chambers 76 and 78.
Valve rod 80 has first end 82 and the second end, and first end 82 is connected with valve diaphragm 74, and the second end has the valve head 86 (Fig. 1) in the work of valve opening 88 places of by-pass line 70.Valve rod 80 moves in response to the motion of valve diaphragm 74, thereby opens and closes opening 88.One spring 90 is operably connected, and to apply the spring force that acts on the valve rod 80, is closing the direction upper offset valve rod 80 of opening.
In exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 2, valve chest 72 is mobilizable, thereby can reorientate spring seat 92, thereby changes the setting height(from bottom) of spring 90 in response to the variation of external pressure.Adopt controlling rod 100,102 can make valve chest 72 pivoted.One end of first controlling rod 100 is installed in rotation on the pivot connection 104 that is arranged on the supporting base 98, and its other end is fixedly attached on the lower surface 73 of housing 72.One end of second controlling rod 102 is fixedly attached on the lower surface 73 of housing 72, and its other end is connected with actuator 106.In exemplary embodiment shown in Figure 2, first controlling rod 100 is connected with the part on the housing bottom surface 73 of close pivot connection 104, and second controlling rod 102 is connected with the part on the housing bottom surface 73 of close actuator 106.
It is passive or initiatively that actuator 106 can be designed as.Shown in Figure 3 is suitable Passively activated device 106a, and its form is the actuator jar 110 of automatically mobile controlling rod 102 in response to the variation of external pressure.Actuator jar 110 comprises actuator casing 112 and is positioned at the actuator diaphragm 114 of actuator casing 112.Actuator diaphragm 114 is divided into first and second actuation chamber 116 and 118 to the inside of actuator casing 112 respectively.First and second actuation chamber 116 and 118 are kept apart mutually, thereby are comprising the first and second actuation chamber pressure respectively.Actuator diaphragm 114 be rubbery or other flexible body, its position changes along with the variation of the relative pressure difference between the first and second actuation chamber pressure of first and second actuation chamber 116 and 118.One end of controlling rod 102 is connected with actuator diaphragm 114.
Controlling rod 102 passes first actuation chamber 116 and extends, thereby this first actuation chamber communicates with external environment and remains under the external pressure.Second actuation chamber 118 remains under the controlled pressure, and therefore, the variation of atmospheric pressure can cause the motion of actuator diaphragm 114 and the corresponding sports of controlling rod 102 in first actuation chamber 116.
Controlled pressure can be realized by several modes in second actuation chamber 118.For example, second actuation chamber 118 can be the chamber of sealing, just has needed controlled pressure when making and assembling.As another example, second actuation chamber 118 can be connected with regulated pressure source 79, and this regulated pressure source has suitable pressure regulator valve 81 (Fig. 1), is used to control the pressure that offers second actuation chamber 118.Also can realize the pressure adjusting by different structures, for example, the frame structure (not shown) that is used for fixing the pivotal rotating of barrier film 114 can change the position of barrier film 114.Also can be used for the various improvement discussed at this to the Returnning spring (not shown).
Suitable active actuator can be electronic, hydraulic pressure or pneumatic prime mover, and these prime mover are by being controlled in response to the work of motor 14 and/or turbosupercharger 12 and/or the motor ECM (not shown) of performance data.As shown in Figure 4, active actuator 106b can comprise pneumatic actuator 120, and this pneumatic actuator comprises that being positioned at pressure chamber 126 acts on Returnning spring 122 on the piston 124.
Shown in Fig. 5 and 6 is substituting exhaust valve control valve 10a, and this exhaust valve control valve comprises adjustable spring seat 130 and the spring seat 94 (Fig. 2) of on-fixed.In addition, the valve chest 72 of exhaust valve control valve 10a is fixed.In first valve chamber 76, spring 90 is worked between the spring seat on the valve diaphragm 74 92 and adjustable spring seat 130.Adjustable spring seat 130 is controlled as reorientates plate 132, thereby changes the setting height(from bottom) of spring 90.
Two fluid passages 137,138 are connected with the lower surface 73 of valve chest 72.First fluid passage 137 is compressed fluid, and for example air offers closed chamber 136, the second fluid passages 138 and allows fluid to discharge from closed chamber 136.Sealed department 135 is used to prevent the excessive leakage of closed chamber 136 inner fluids.By fluid being provided to closed chamber 136 or from the sealing chamber, discharging fluid and control pressure in the closed chamber 136.Second valve chamber 76 remains external pressure, and therefore, the variation of controlled pressure causes the motion of plate 132 and sealed department 135 in the closed chamber 136, and it moves up and down as the internal surface of a piston along chamber housing 134.Therefore, the height of spring 90 can increase or reduce.Shown in Figure 6 is the rear view of exhaust valve control valve 10a.
Also can select not adopt sealed department 135, but adopt rubbery or other flexible body, for example the barrier film (not shown) is fixed on the one end on the chamber housing 134, and the other end is fixed on the plate 132.When between the closed chamber 136 and second valve chamber 76 pressure difference being arranged, barrier film allows plate 132 motions, thereby causes the increase of spring 90 height or reduce.
Industrial applicibility
In the course of work of engine 14 (Fig. 1), fuel and air be in known manner burning in combustion cylinder 16. The exhaust gas that combustion process produces flows to the turbine 52 of turbo-charger sytem 12 by blast pipe 56 from cylinder 16. The exhaust airstream that flows to turbine gas outlet 58 along turbine wheel 64 from turbine air inlet 54 causes the rotation of turbine wheel 64 and the turbine shaft 46 that is attached thereto. Turbine shaft 46 rotates compressor impeller 44. The air that is extracted into compressor inlet 34 from air filter 36 is compressed, and is supplied to air inlet pipe 40 and combustion cylinder 16.
Under some condition of work, need to reduce the exhaust airstream that flows to turbine 52, the rotating speed of the turbo-charger shaft 46 that slows down also reduces from boosting that compressor 32 obtains. This can realize by such mode, that is, make it open valve opening 88 by control exhaust valve control valve 10, thereby allow exhaust airstream directly to flow to discharge duct 60 from blast pipe 56 by by-pass line 70.
Along with the variation of atmospheric pressure, for example the variation owing to height above sea level causes, the pressure in the first actuator chamber 116 of actuator tank 110 also changes (Fig. 3). Because the pressure in the second actuator chamber 118 is fixed, any variation of the first actuator chamber, 116 internal pressures all can cause the motion of actuator barrier film 114 and the axially-movable of corresponding second control lever 102. Shown in the embodiment among Fig. 2, because second control lever 102 104 rotates around the pivot connection, so can cause that spring base 92 moves up and down by valve chest 72, valve diaphragm 74 and control lever 100,102 motion. Alternatively, active actuator 106b is provided can for the embodiment of Fig. 4, for example be pneumatic actuator 120, closed chamber 136 is provided can also for the embodiment among Fig. 5 and Fig. 6.
The present invention is to reach by change the work variation that makes valve in response to atmospheric pressure to the exhaust family of power and influence's compensation.To the adjusting of the mounting spring length of exhaust valve spring is that the location of the valve chest by the exhaust family of power and influence is regulated or adopted pneumatic system to reach.The actuator that is provided is used for regulating the adjustable spring seat automatically according to the variation of atmospheric pressure.
Others of the present invention, purpose and advantage can obtain by the understanding to accompanying drawing, specification and claims.
Claims (7)
1. an internal-combustion engine comprises
One combustion cylinder;
One vent systems, this vent systems is communicated with the combustion cylinder fluid, is used to receive the exhaust gas from combustion cylinder;
One combustion air system, this combustion air system is communicated with the combustion cylinder fluid, thereby is used for providing air to support burning to combustion cylinder;
One turbosupercharger, this turbosupercharger comprises compressor, turbo machine and the exhaust family of power and influence, the air outlet that described compressor has suction port and is communicated with the combustion air system fluid, described turbo machine has the suction port that is used to accept from the exhaust airstream of combustion cylinder, and the described exhaust family of power and influence is used for the exhaust airstream of control flows to turbo machine; This exhaust the family of power and influence comprise:
One valve chest;
One valve diaphragm, this valve diaphragm is positioned at valve chest, and this valve diaphragm is divided into first and second valve chambers with the first valve chamber pressure and second valve chamber pressure to valve chest, and one in the first and second valve chamber pressure is atmospheric pressure;
One valve rod, this valve rod is connected with valve diaphragm;
One spring, it is operably connected so that valve rod is applied spring force, and this spring has a mounting spring length;
One spring seat, this spring seat is arranged on the valve diaphragm; And
The controlling rod of at least one pivotal rotating, the controlling rod of described at least one pivotal rotating is connected with valve chest, makes valve chest movable, thereby changes the mounting spring length of spring in response to the variation of atmospheric pressure.
2. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that, comprises the actuator jar, and this actuator jar comprises:
One actuator casing;
One actuator diaphragm, this actuator diaphragm is divided into first and second actuation chamber to actuator casing;
One in first and second actuation chamber is under the atmospheric pressure;
In first and second actuation chamber another is under the controlled pressure;
One controlling rod, this controlling rod is connected with valve chest with actuator diaphragm.
3. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that the actuation chamber that is under the controlled pressure is sealed, and has fixing controlled pressure.
4. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 2 is characterized in that, the actuation chamber that is under the controlled pressure is connected with regulated pressure source.
5. internal-combustion engine as claimed in claim 4 is characterized in that regulated pressure source comprises compressor outlet.
6. control the method that the exhaust family of power and influence works for one kind, this method comprises the steps:
A kind of exhaust family of power and influence is provided, this exhaust family of power and influence has valve chest, valve chest is divided into the valve diaphragm of first and second valve chambers, is connected with valve diaphragm and passes valve rod and the spring that extend one of them chamber, this spring is operably connected, so that valve rod is applied spring force, be used for promoting in one direction valve rod, this spring has a mounting spring length;
The controlling rod of at least one pivotal rotating is provided, and the controlling rod of described at least one pivotal rotating is connected with valve chest, and valve chest is moved, thereby changes the mounting spring length of spring;
Spring seat is provided on valve diaphragm, thereby changes the spring force that is applied on the valve rod by regulating mounting spring length;
Detect the variation of atmospheric pressure; And
The Regulation spring seat in response to the variation of atmospheric pressure.
7. method as claimed in claim 6 is characterized in that, comprising:
Be provided for the actuator jar of movement of valve housing, this actuator jar comprises actuator casing and actuator diaphragm, and this actuator diaphragm is divided into first and second actuation chamber to actuator casing;
Actuator diaphragm is connected with valve chest;
Give one in first and second actuation chamber controlled pressure is provided, atmospheric pressure is provided in first and second actuation chamber another; And
Position in response to the variation control actuator barrier film of atmospheric pressure.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006101263921A CN101096926B (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Altitude compensation of turbo-charger exhaust valve |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006101263921A CN101096926B (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Altitude compensation of turbo-charger exhaust valve |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN101096926A CN101096926A (en) | 2008-01-02 |
| CN101096926B true CN101096926B (en) | 2011-02-02 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN2006101263921A Expired - Fee Related CN101096926B (en) | 2006-06-30 | 2006-06-30 | Altitude compensation of turbo-charger exhaust valve |
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| Country | Link |
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| CN (1) | CN101096926B (en) |
Families Citing this family (9)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN102678273A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 上海交通大学 | Self-matching adjusting device for air intake flow and environmental pressure |
| CN102678285A (en) * | 2012-05-07 | 2012-09-19 | 上海交通大学 | Exhaust back pressure and environmental pressure self-adaption type mechanical regulation device |
| CN103321690B (en) * | 2013-06-25 | 2015-09-09 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | Control the method for supercharger plateau hypervelocity, device and motor car engine |
| CN105317606A (en) * | 2014-06-27 | 2016-02-10 | 姚本团 | Air-valve-free diesel engine |
| ES2544516B1 (en) * | 2015-01-21 | 2016-05-12 | Universitat Politècnica De València | Device for conditioning the atmosphere in tests of alternative internal combustion engines, procedure and use of said device |
| CN106677892B (en) * | 2016-11-16 | 2017-12-29 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | A kind of turbocharger of motor vent valve with height above sea level compensation |
| CN107060993B (en) * | 2017-03-24 | 2019-03-22 | 中国北方发动机研究所(天津) | A kind of turbocharger deflation valve of adaptive height above sea level |
| CN112682166A (en) * | 2020-12-18 | 2021-04-20 | 合肥工业大学 | Multistage control device of turbocharger |
| CN113250810B (en) * | 2021-06-29 | 2021-10-01 | 四川迅联达智能科技有限公司 | Method and system for stabilizing intake pressure of two-stroke engine |
Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4211081A (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1980-07-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Exhaust bypassing system for a turbocharger |
| US4283912A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1981-08-18 | The Garrett Corporation | Turbocharger control |
| DE3301558A1 (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1984-07-19 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Internal combustion engine with exhaust turbocharger |
| CN1133627A (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1996-10-16 | 联合讯号公司 | Turbocharger having pneumatic actuator with pilot valve |
| US5746058A (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 1998-05-05 | Gits Manufacturing Company | Adjustable actuator for a turbocharger |
| US6467269B1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2002-10-22 | Caterpillar Inc | Altitude compensation for turbocharger wastegate |
-
2006
- 2006-06-30 CN CN2006101263921A patent/CN101096926B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
Patent Citations (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US4211081A (en) * | 1977-11-21 | 1980-07-08 | Hitachi, Ltd. | Exhaust bypassing system for a turbocharger |
| US4283912A (en) * | 1979-06-12 | 1981-08-18 | The Garrett Corporation | Turbocharger control |
| DE3301558A1 (en) * | 1983-01-19 | 1984-07-19 | Daimler-Benz Ag, 7000 Stuttgart | Internal combustion engine with exhaust turbocharger |
| CN1133627A (en) * | 1993-09-13 | 1996-10-16 | 联合讯号公司 | Turbocharger having pneumatic actuator with pilot valve |
| US5746058A (en) * | 1996-03-11 | 1998-05-05 | Gits Manufacturing Company | Adjustable actuator for a turbocharger |
| US6467269B1 (en) * | 2001-12-20 | 2002-10-22 | Caterpillar Inc | Altitude compensation for turbocharger wastegate |
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| CN101096926A (en) | 2008-01-02 |
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